DISASTER REDUCTION HYPERBASE AND ITS APPLICATION … #8/1... · today’s talk 1. introduction 2. technology and knowledge accommodated in drh-asia 3. framework of drh-asia 4. drh-asia

DISASTER REDUCTION HYPERBASE AND ITS APPLICATION AS EDUCATINAL MATERIALS--DRH ASIA AND ITS POSSIBILITY OF

EDUCATIONAL USAGE

Kaoru TAKARADisaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI)Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, JapanHiroyuki KAMEDAEarthquake Disaster Mitigation Research Center (EDM)National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Kobe, JapanProfessor Emeritus, Kyoto University

2010/09/03

First Annual Conference of the International Society for Integrated Disaster Risk Management (IDRiM2010), Sharing IDRiM experiences under different socio-economic and cultural contextsBOKU Vienna, Austria, 1-4 September 2010

TODAY’S TALK1. INTRODUCTION1. INTRODUCTION

2. TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE 2. TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE ACCOMMODATED IN DRHACCOMMODATED IN DRH--ASIAASIA

3. FRAMEWORK OF DRH3. FRAMEWORK OF DRH--ASIAASIA

4. DRH4. DRH--ASIA SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTASIA SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

5. PERSPECTIVE TO DRH ALLIANCE5. PERSPECTIVE TO DRH ALLIANCE

6.6. DRH FOR EDUCATIONAL USEDRH FOR EDUCATIONAL USE

copyright (c) 2007 EDM-NIED. All rights reserved

Disaster Reduction Hyperbase (DRH) – Allied Knowledgebase Platforms for

Disaster Risk Reduction –

Hiroyuki KamedaDRH Project PI (http://drh.edm.bosai.go.jp/ )

Visiting Researcher, NIEDProfessor Emeritus, Kyoto University

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PartnersHiroyuki Kameda (EDM-NIED, Japan: DRH Project PI, Manager, and Facilitator in IOT)Mohsen Ghafory-Ashtiany (IIEES, Iran: DRH Facilitator in IOT )Amod Mani Dixit (NSET, Nepal: DRH Facilitator in PT)Craig Duncan (UNISDR, Geneva: DRH web system advisor)Weihua Fang (BNU, China: iRiskNet and DRH-China)Naho Ikeda (EDM-NIED, Japan: DRH Template coordinator)Takayuki Nakamura (Hokkaido Univ., Japan: DRH contents - Japanese institutions)Hiroaki Negishi (NIED, Japan: DRH web system development)Norio Okada (DPRI–Kyoto Univ., Japan: DRH Facilitator in PT)Anshu Sharma (SEEDS, India: DRH Facilitator in TIK)Rajib Shaw (GSGES–Kyoto Univ., Japan: DRH Facilitator in TIK)Mitsuaki Sasaki (EDM-NIED, Japan: DRH web system development)Koichi Shiwaku (WDM-NIED, Japan: DRH web system development)Peijun Shi (BNU, China: hosting DRH WS2)Stefan Scheer (EC/JRC, Ispra: DRH Europe/Africa)Kaoru Takara (DPRI–Kyoto Univ., Japan: DRH Japan Board Chair, and Facilitator in IOT)Hirokazu Tatano (DPRI–Kyoto Univ.: DRH Facilitator support in PT)

Other major contributorsDjillali Benouar (Univ. Bab Ezzouar), Simonetta Consorti (UNISDR), Helena Molin-Valdes (UNISDR), Krishna Pribadi (ITB), Saidur Rahman (BDPC), Charles Scawthorn (Kyoto Univ.), and many others

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DRH (Disaster Reduction Hyperbase) & DRH AllianceDRH-Asia

DRH-Europe/Africa

(on-going)DRH-ChinaDRH-BangladeshSlide 5/28


* 1995: Disaster in Kobe E.Q. / International concerns, especially at APEC Meetings MEXT funding

* 1998-2004: EqTAP Project (Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Reduction for Asia-Pacific Regions) / R&D of DRR technology based on regional characteristics / "Implementation Strategy in R&D" (Apec initiative)

* 2005: UN-WCDR (World Conference on Disaster Reduciton) / HFA (Hyogo Frame for Action) 2005-2015 / "Disaster Reduction Portfolio" proposed by GoJ for implementation of HFA MEXT funding (UN initiative)

* 2005-2009: DRH Project (Disaster Reduction Hyperbase) / Compilation of "Implementation Technology")

1.1 Motivation for DRH1. INTRODUCTION1. INTRODUCTION

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Major sponsor: *MEXT Special Coordination Fund for Promotion of S&T

+DRH Phase I: April 2005-March 2006+DRH Phase II: July 2006-March 2009

Institution in charge: * NIED (National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention) / with Kyoto University as contractor on part of the project / in cooperation with MEXT and CAO, GoJ

“Disaster Reduction Hyperbase-Asian Application （DRH-Asia）”1.2 DRH Project

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+ International participation by leading researchers, NGO leaders, and international institutions (about 25 champion people)

* Cross-regional coordination and collaboration in information platform development: UN-ISDR, Geneva, EC/JRC, Ispra, etc.

* Asian participation: BDPC (Bangladesh), BNU (China), SEEDS (India), ITB and CDRC (Indonesia), IIEES (Iran) NSET (Nepal), PHIVOLCS (Philippines), U. Peradeniya(Sri Lanka) + leading institutions of Japan

* Africa: USTHB (Algeriga)* South America: Peru Civil Defence (Peru)+ Contributions by multilateral participants: in cash and/or

in-kind

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+ Widen Definition of "Technology"*Technology (definition) = "A set of rational

means and knowledge pertinent to realizing specific objectives that have solid logical bases and stability"

(Technologies specified as:)*Product technology

Implementation oriented technology*Process technologyBoth "hard" - "soft" technologies

+*Transferable Indigenous Knowledge

2. TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE 2. TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE ACCOMMODATED IN DRHACCOMMODATED IN DRH--ASIAASIA

2.1 Conceptual development: Proposal of "Implementation Technology”

"ImplementationTechnology”


Implementation technology (product+process+wisdom) + Implementation oriented technology (IOT): Outputs from

modern R&D that are practiced under clear implementation strategies

+ Process technology (PT): Know-how for implementation and practice, capacity building and social development for knowledge ownership

+ Transferable indigenous knowledge (TIK): Traditional art of disaster reduction that is indigenous to specific region (s) buthaving potential to be applied to other regions and having time-tested reliability

2.2 Components of Implementation Technology

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• Technically or scientifically acceptable• Problem identification and methodology development

practiced in direct communication with stakeholders and end-users to create incentive for their participation and ownership

• Regional characteristics properly incorporated in terms of local context including available materials, cost, and workmanship

• Most advanced research methodologies mobilized to generate high-quality products and meet the actual demands of the region

Criteria for Implementation Oriented Technology (IOT)

2.3 Criteria for Components of Implementation Technology

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Criteria for Process Technology (PT)• With emphasis on “practical use” of research• A tested methodology with social, cultural, economic,

ecological, and technical feasibilities, developed through an implementation/ testing process ensuring results in disaster reduction

• Demonstrated stakeholders’ participation and enhanced ownership• of the process• of results and lessons

• Amenable/adaptable to local context, and with institutionalization potential

• In-depth knowledge and insight gained through experience with disasters and mitigation

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• Originated within communities, based on local needs, and specific to culture and context (environment and economy)

• Provides core knowledge with flexibility for local adaptation for implementation

• Uses local knowledge and skills, and materials based on local ecology

• Has been proven to be time tested and useful in disasters

• Is applied or applicable in other communities or generations

Criteria for Transferable Indigenous Knowledge (TIK)

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*DRH-Asia Top page (as of May 2010)

(Ver. 3.4) http://drh.edm.bosai.go.jp/

3. FRAMEWORK OF DRH3. FRAMEWORK OF DRH--ASIAASIA

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Note: BM=Basic Member / FPM=Full Profile Member

DRH Project activities

Find technologies

Propose a technology

Discuss technologies

DRH partners

What you can do with DRH (membership requirement)+Access DRH Contents (unlimited)+Print & download DRH Contents (unlimited)+Discuss DRH Contents (FPM)

+Submit DRH Contents proposals (FPM)

+General discussion (BM, FPM)+Member discussion on proposed DRH contents (FPM)

+Access to relevant initiatives on information platforms for disaster reduction (IPDR) (unlimited)

+Register your initiative (FPM)

+Access to all records of DRH Project – conceptual & practical developments / major documents and presentation materials downloadable (unlimited)

3.1 Attributes of DRH-Asia"3+1" major components

DB

Forum

Links

Project+

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• Understandable to users • Implementable (Usable, Doable)• Shown to be usefulPlus • Criteria for each category (IOT, PT, TIK)

General Criteria for DRH Contents Acceptance

3.2 Criteria for DRH Contents

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i) To make it understandable to users:•Use terminology that can be understood by non-experts.•Incorporate as many illustrations as possible including photographs, diagrams and figures.•If you would like to include technical descriptions (such as scientific journal and paper, technical report, etc.), put them in attached files.ii) To make it implementable•Provide as detailed and quantitative explanations as possible in the comment boxes for process of implementation and resources required.iii) To make it shown to be useful:•Incorporate as many Application Examples as possible.•It is desirable that application examples are practical applications.

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HazardsEarthquake TsunamiVolcanic eruptionLandslideMudflow Dust stormCold waveHeat waveZud Cyclone/ Typhoon Storm surgeFlood Flash floodGlacial Lake Outburst Snow avalanchesEpidemicWildfireDroughtDesertificationClimate change impactLand degradationMulti-hazard Others (specify)

3.3 DRH Template

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4. DRH4. DRH--ASIA SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTASIA SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

*In-house development by EDM-NIED International Team and IT Team with an extensive supports by UNISDR Information Management Unit

4.1 Web System Development

•DRH Database + DRH Forum + DRH Links +DRH Project•Functions to assist DRH contents proposal submission, DRH member registration, advanced search of DRH Database, facilitation of proposals, automatic mailing, etc.

•A multi-lingual operation (currently operable in fourteen languages): a powerful tool for development of regional/nationalDRH systems.

•An active link with UNISDR PreventionWeb•Freeware codes: Source code transferrable (contact DRH Administration)

•DRH installation kit in DVD: A driving force for DRH Alliance

Distinct features of DRH-Asia web system:


* DRH Facilitators:(IOT) Mosen Ghafory-Ashtiany and Hiroyuki Kameda(PT) Amod Dixit and Norio Okada(TIK) Anshu Sharma and Rajib Shaw(IHP-DRH) Kaoru Takara (IHP leader) and Hiroyuki Kameda (DRH

Manager)

4.2 Mechanism of “Facilitation” for DRH ContentsQuality assurance through:•Proposal submission

•Facilitator – Proposer – Manager discussion (Facilitation)

•Enhancement by Proposer

•Registration in DRH Database

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copyright (c) 2007 EDM-NIED. All rights reservedSlide 21/28

Guidance to submission and facilitation


•Contributions at DRH Contents Meeting (Kobe, 2007.3 / Proceedings in 2007.11）(Kameda et. al, 2007)•Call for DRH Contents proposals on the DRH web site •Institutional letters from NIED President to relevant research institutions in Japan•Individual approaches•Collaboration with other research initiatives including UNESCO-IHP (International Hydrology Programme), ICL (International Consortium on Landslides), etc.

4.3 Compilation of DRH Contents

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under discussion on DRH Forum

registered in DRH Database

total

IOT 9 13 22

PT 11 14 25

TIK 1 10 11

total 21 37 58

Current State of DRH Contents (as of April 23, 2010)

Algeria 1 Iran 3Bangladesh 2 Japan 31

Brazil 1 Nepal 4China 5 Peru 1

Canada 1 Philippines 1India 1 Sri Lanka 1

Indonesia 5 East Timol 1total 58

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copyright (c) 2007 EDM-NIED. All rights reservedSlide 24/28

DRH Contents examples

DRH Contents example (1)Application of satellite image (Japan)

DRH Contents example (2)Seismic retrofit of school buildings (Japan)DRH Contents example (3)

Seismic retrofit of housings (Indonseia)

DRH Contents example (4)Disaster risk assessment: public and privatesector collaboration (Philippines)DRH Contents example (5)

Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction (Indonesia)

DRH Contents example (6)Indigenous Knowledge for Flood DisasterReduction (China)


5. PERSPECTIVE TO DRH ALLIANCE5. PERSPECTIVE TO DRH ALLIANCE5.1 Regional DRH DevelopmentsDRH-Asia: Developed in an Asian contextDRH Project: Wider cross-regional collaboration consistently pursuedDRH Alliance: A group of regional DRH platformsDRH Europe/Africa: •DRH Phase I, DRH CMM1, Geneva, Aug. 2005: UN-ISDR leadership in linking the DRH Project to leaders in Europe and Africa. •A tie was established with EC/JRC Ispra who constructed DRH Europe/Africa DRH China: BNU “DRH China” as part of iRiskNetNational DRH using DRH installation kit: national DRH platforms using their national languages / Installation kit offered to Bangladesh (BDPC), Nepal (NSET), and Iran (IEEA).

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First DRH meeting at EC/JRC, Ispra (9 October 2005)

DRH Bangladesh meeting, Kyoto (13 October 2009)

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5.2 DRH Activity Bases(For activating DRH practices in the post-project period (2004~)

+Joining IDRiM Society: Founding the International Society of Integrated Disaster Risk Management (IDRiM Society) declared, Kyoto, 15 October 2009 (at the IDRiM Forum 09)

*DRH endorsed as an important associate initiative with the IDRiM Society.

+DRH Consortium: Charter endorsed in the 2nd Annual DRH Workshop, Beijing, February 2008

+1st DRH Consortium General Assembly (DRH Consortium Workshop), Kyoto, 12 and 15 October 2009

*DRH Consortium - Kyoto Resolution 2009 addressing DRH Web system enhancement and dissemination, DRH Contents developments and utilization, Management of DRH system, and DRH Consortium activities

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6. DRH FOR EDUCATIONAL USE6. DRH FOR EDUCATIONAL USE

DRH • Has various useful contents for disaster

management practices• Is a really interdisciplinary scientific

product for integrated disaster risk management (IDRiM)

• Also useful for educational purposes

Educational usages of DRH(1) Lectures/exercises at classes in graduate

schools of universities(2) Training courses for engineers/managers(3) Dissemination of technological (including

“social technological”) information to the general public for raising awareness and preparedness in their communities

(4) Others

(1) Lectures/exercises at classes in graduate schools of universities

For graduate school education• Easily applicable• No problems in implementation • Useful for interdisciplinary educational

programs• Use DRH contents for your lectures on

disaster management• Contribute to DRH by proposing new

contents which can be used as educational materials

(2) Training courses for engineers/managers

For capacity building • Basically no problems.• Training courses are limited to a short duration and

to a specified subject.• The textbook for a course can be compiled from

DRH database with some editing efforts.• Translation into local languages. • Terminology problems in different disciplines may

be there, though DRH contents are prepares as understandable to many people.

(3) Dissemination of technological information to the general public

For raising awareness and preparedness• Problems: Economically, socially and regionally

marginalized people who are prone to hazards/disasters- literacy in language in developing countries- literacy in computer (digital literacy / digital divide)

too young and too aged peoplenon-computer users

• How to solve:- visual expression of contents (use figures, photos,

pictograms, etc.)- paper publication (textbook, monograph) is necessary- mobile phone accessibility

Additional consideration

• Textbooks and monographs edited from DRH contents should be uploaded in the DRH database management system to get further users/educators.

• Translation to non-English languages is also welcome. Translated textbooks are also useful for many countries, contributing to enhancement of integrated disaster management capacity.

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS• An overview of the international initiative "Disaster Reduction Hyperbase (DRH)", a web-based disaster risk reduction knowledgebase was presented.

• "Implementation technology", a key concept of DRH contents was addressed.

• Conceptual bases, system developments and contents compilation for DRH-Asia were highlighted.

• Constitution of DRH alliance were addressed in conjunction with DRH Europe/Africa as well as other national DRH systems in progress.

• One of the new directions of DRH development is educational use, which would be a matter of concerns of DRH users and the IDRiM Society members.


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DISASTER REDUCTION HYPERBASE AND ITS APPLICATION … #8/1... · today’s talk 1. introduction 2. technology and knowledge accommodated in drh-asia 3. framework of drh-asia 4. drh-asia