Disaster Recovery - Techniques and Topologies Connie Murphy Abstract Introduction RAID Systems Performance Indicators Resiliency/ Backup Services Vendor

Disaster Recovery - Techniques and Disaster Recovery - Techniques and

TopologiesTopologies

Connie MurphyConnie Murphy

Abstract

Introduction

RAID Systems

Performance Indicators

Resiliency/ Backup Services

Vendor Support Services

Backup Software

February 26, 2004

Conclusion

Disk Striping

NAS/SAN Topologies

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IntroductionIntroduction

Disaster Recovery is the coordinated process of restoring systems, data, and infrastructure required to support key ongoing business operations.

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Introduction (continued)Introduction (continued)

• Systems includes both hardware and software

• Data includes true data, log files, and audit information, as well as business procedures and rules

• Infrastructure includes phones, office space, remote access, intranets, web space, firewalls, etc.

• Business operations are whatever things the business does on a daily basis to generate revenue

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Hardware-based RaidHardware-based Raid

Hardware arrays also do not occupy any host system memory, nor are they operating system dependent.

Hardware arrays are also highly fault tolerant.

Provide true hardware multi-tasking .

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Software-based RaidSoftware-based Raid

software arrays often fail to boot if the boot drive in the array fails

Some software-based implementations require a separate boot drive

RAID arrays may be created without swapping out hardware

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Raid Fault ToleranceRaid Fault Tolerance

All RAID systems should be supplemented with some other form of protection against failures,

RAID is the first step toward DRP

RAID arrays offer flexibility and protect against hardware failure.

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Disk StripingDisk Striping

Technique by which data spans multiple hard drives

All hard drives involved in the stripe set are simultaneously read or written to

Several levels of RAID use disk striping for fault protection

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Performance IndicatorsPerformance Indicators

Provide the means by which one can measure the success of a DRP

Are a blend of project status and test runs of infrastructure

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Performance IndicatorsPerformance Indicators

Measurements for success:

Intervallic reports from the planning group to senior management.

Representation of the network design team on the DRP team.

Intervallic tests authenticate performance of the disaster recovery plan, including noticed gaps and risks.

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Performance Indicators Performance Indicators (cont.)(cont.)

An evaluation process that includes deploying new solutions.

Final analysis of the disaster recovery testing, and effect on the business (after a disaster occurs) (Cisco White Paper, 1).

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Pre-planning Management Pre-planning Management

AwarenessAwareness Identify Possible Disaster Scenarios

– How much of the organization's resources could be lost?

– What are the total costs?– What efforts are required to

rebuild? – How long will it take to recover? – What is the impact on the overall

organization? – How will customers be affected?– What is the impact on them?– How much will it affect the share

price and market confidence?

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Pre-planning Management Pre-planning Management Awareness (cont.)Awareness (cont.)

Build Management Awareness

Obtain Management Sign-Off and Funding

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Disaster Recovery Planning Disaster Recovery Planning

ProcessProcess

1. Establish a planning group to manage the development

2. Perform risk assessments and audits

3. Establish priorities for network and applications

- Mission critical - Important

- Minor

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Disaster Recovery Planning Disaster Recovery Planning ProcessProcess

4. Develop recovery strategies

5. Prepare an up-to-date inventory and documentation of the plan

6. Develop verification criteria and procedures

7. Implement the plan

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Resiliency and Backup ServicesResiliency and Backup Services

Assess the resiliency of your network1. Network links

• Carrier diversity • Local loop diversity • Facilities resiliency • Building wiring resiliency

2. Hardware resiliency• Power, security and disaster • Redundant hardware • Mean time before replacement

(MTTR)• Network path availability

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Resiliency and Backup ServicesResiliency and Backup Services

3. Network design• Layer 2 WAN design • Layer 2 LAN design • Layer 3 IP design

4. Network services resiliency• DNS resiliency• DHCP resiliency • Other services resiliency

Review and Implement Backup Services

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High-speed local backupHigh-speed local backup

Filer-to-tape -Backup an NAS appliance (also called a filer) directly to a SCSI-attached or Fibre Channel-attached tape drive or robotic tape library

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High-speed backup (filer-to-High-speed backup (filer-to-tape)tape)


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Three-way backupThree-way backup

Filer-to-filer -Backup a secondary NAS appliance through the LAN to a tape device or library that is attached to a separate, primary NAS appliance


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Three-way backup (filer-to-filer)Three-way backup (filer-to-filer)


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Filer-to-server backupFiler-to-server backup

Filer-to-server -Backup an NAS appliance through the LAN to a tape device or library connected to a server


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Filer-to-server backupFiler-to-server backup


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Server-to-filer backupServer-to-filer backup

Server to filer-Backup data on a server through the LAN to a tape device or library that is SCSI-attached or Fibre Channel-attached to a NAS appliance


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Server-to-filer BackupServer-to-filer Backup


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Backup through multi-Backup through multi-hostinghosting

Servers and NAS appliances in any combination are directly connected by SCSI or Fibre Channel to one or more drives in a single or multi-drive tape library


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Backup through multi-hostingBackup through multi-hosting


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Backup through Fibre Channel Backup through Fibre Channel

SANSAN

Servers and NAS appliances in any combination are connected to one or more tape libraries through a Fibre Channel switch.


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Backup through Fibre Channel Backup through Fibre Channel SANSAN


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Backup through iSCSIBackup through iSCSI

SCSI over IP –SCSI over IP –

Using iSCSI Using iSCSI technology, remote technology, remote IP-attached storage IP-attached storage devices are seen by a devices are seen by a host computer as if host computer as if they are local devicesthey are local devices


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Vendor Support ServicesVendor Support Services

Key questions regarding vendor support include:– Are support contracts in place?

– Has the disaster recovery plan

been reviewed by the vendors, and are the vendors included in the escalation processes?

– Does the vendor have sufficient resources to support the disaster recovery?

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Completing the DRPCompleting the DRP

Decisions must be made about “gray area” files (Corporate standards, executive privileges, and other factors create these files)– Backup or replicate?– Save or ignore?– Vital or non-vital?

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ConclusionConclusion

Understand the purpose of the DRP

Define specific requirements Determine success criteria Develop a plan to ensure that

success

The DRP can be a challenging and expensive undertaking, but one that will be well worth the effort as it could determine the future of the company in the event of a disaster.

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ReferencesReferences

Seven Effective Strategies for Data Protection: A Practical Guide to NAS and SAN Deployment. White Paper from Syncsort 2002. Retrieved February 15, 2004, from the World Wide Web. http://www.syncsort.com

Disaster Recovery: Best Practices White Paper. Cisco Systems updated Jan 27, 2004. Retrieved February 18, 2004 from the World Wide Web. http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/disrec.html#topic16

“Raid defined.” ND. Retrieved February 16, 2004 from the World Wide Web. http://searchstorage.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0%2C%2Csid5_gci214332%2C00.html

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ReferencesReferences

“Enterprise Data Protection Bill of Rights.” Quantum Corporation, 2003. Retrieved March 1, 2004, from the World Wide Web. http://quantum.treehousei.com/Surveys/publishing/survey_148/graphics3/prod_pgs/whitepaper.pdf

Nueffer. “What is Raid?” Retrieved March 1, 2004, from the World Wide Web. http://www.uni-mainz.de/~neuffer/scsi/what_is_raid.html

http://www.netapp.com/tech_library/ftp/3066.pdf

Wold, Goeffrey, Robert Shriver. (2001) Disaster Proof Your Business. New York: McGraw-Hill Primis Custom Publishing.

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Software ResourcesSoftware Resources

Legato http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Legato.htm

NetWorker http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Legato_Networker.htm

Backup Express http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_SyncSort.htm

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Backup Report http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Bocada.htm

Veritas http://www.veritas.com/Products/www

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Dantz http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Dantz.htm

Retrospect http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Dantz.htm

Bocada http://www.hastorage.com/BackupSoftware_Bocada.htm

Documents

Disaster Recovery - Techniques and Topologies Connie Murphy Abstract Introduction RAID Systems Performance Indicators Resiliency/ Backup Services Vendor