Dis-integration of the Data Center Interconnect (DCI) Box

Page 2

Brief Look at Todays Technology

Looking at Ongoing Work & Futures

Discussion on direction for DCI boxes

Conclusion

Page 3

Brief Look at Today’s Technology

Chassis & Pizza Box offerings from multiple vendors for different markets

– Market is looking for Rack & Stack model with 3 to 5 year life span as technology is moving fast

Page 4

Simple High Level DCI Design

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

PA

M4

Dir

ect

Det

ect

(ASS

P/A

SIC

)

FRA

MER

DEV

ICE

(FP

GA

/ASS

P/N

ON

E)

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

100GE/FlexE

OTN/FlexO

40GE

50GE

50GE

QSFP28

25GE

25GE

25GE

25GE

10GE

10GE

10GE

10GE

Client Optics (Gray)FR

AM

ER D

EVIC

E(F

PG

A/A

SSP

/NO

NE)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

TO

DA

Y 2

00

per

λ

(ASS

P/A

SIC

)

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

IQ Interface

ACOAnalog Coherent

Optics

DCODigital Coherent

Optics

BACKPLANEMIDPLANEClient Card Line Card

Transponder / Muxponder CardPizza Box (DCI)

Flexible Line SystemModulations / Baud Rate etc. Allows for different rates on the fiber

100GE / OTU4

Framer Device Functions

– Variable Rate SERDES (10G through 25G)

– Protocol Evolution (FlexE, 100GE FEC)

– Aggregation (10GE/25GE/40GE)

– Automation & Discovery (LLDP)

– Security Functions

– Adaptation to supported DSP clients

DSP Device Functions

– Fixed Rate SERDES (10G or 25G)

– Fixed support for protocols (100GE/OTU4)

• Varies by manufacturer

– DSP Functions (PMQAM16 = 200G per λ)

Page 5

Deeper Look into Today’s DCI Box

DSP FunctionsFramer Functions

Line Optics(Coloured /

GRAY)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

PA

M4

Dir

ect

Det

ect

(ASS

P/A

SIC

)

FRA

MER

DEV

ICE

(FP

GA

/ASS

P/N

ON

E)

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

FRA

MER

DEV

ICE

(FP

GA

/ASS

P/N

ON

E)

Cu

rren

t D

SP2

00

G p

er λ

Line Optics(Coloured /

GRAY)

Low

er

Rat

e P

ort

A

ggre

gato

inN

ew

er

Pro

toco

lsC

lien

t FE

C

Term

inat

ion

Au

to A

dap

tive

SER

DES

SDN

Au

tom

atio

n F

un

ctio

ns

(Dis

cove

ry e

tc.)

Secu

rity

Fu

nct

ion

s

Ad

apta

tio

n t

o D

SP In

terf

ace

s

Au

to A

dap

tive

SER

DES

Fixe

d R

ate

SER

DES

10

0G

EC

AU

I (x)

OTU

4O

TL4

.x

Clie

nt

Mo

nit

ori

ng

Clie

nt

Mo

nit

ori

ng

Co

he

ren

t D

SP F

un

ctio

ns

OTN

Tra

nsp

on

de

r

Multiple Platforms use ASSP or FPGA based Framer devices to support desired functions

Current Pluggable Line Optics

Page 6

Pluggable Line Optics Current Roadmap

Sources:

Picture: CPF MSA (http://www.cfp-msa.org/index.html)

1: Widely Available based on Google Search Results for Coherent CFP

2: CFP2 ACO IA (http://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-CFP2-ACO-01.0.pdf)

Coherent CFP

Module 1

(CFP DCO) CFP2 ACO 2

Page 7

Looking at Ongoing Work & Futures

Coherent Systems:

– Table above makes it evident that in the future 400G to 600G per λ solutions may be available

– Further in the future even higher baud rates or modulations can be envisioned

PAM 4 Direct Detect Systems

– 56G PAM4 based DD systems have been publically announced

– Higher baud rate PAM4 systems can be expected (reusing IEEE 400G Base DR4 technology)

Page 8

Future of Line Side Technology

Current Technology Future Low Estimate Future High Estimate

Data Symbol Rates* 25Gbaud 37.5Gbaud 50Gbaud

Modulation Scheme PM-QAM16 PM-QAM32 PM-QAM64

Data Line Rate per λ 200Gbps 375Gbps 600Gbps

*: Data Symbol Rate is for carrying Ethernet Type Data, does not include any overhead, FEC or framing functions

Pluggable Line Optics moving toward integration

– CFP2 ACO (product) CFP2 DCO (ongoing work)

– CFP8 ACO (ongoing work) CFP8 DCO (possible future)

ACO filling the gap between MSA and DCO – till we can get integrationPage 9

Future of Pluggable Line Optics

Sources:

Picture: CPF MSA (http://www.cfp-msa.org/index.html)

1: OIF Current Projects (http://www.oiforum.com/technical-work/current-oif-work/)

2: Possible Future Direction

CFP2 DCO 1

CFP8 ACO 1

CFP8 DCO 2

Page 10

Direction of DCI Boxes

Functions being integrated into DSP – Desire to have multisource Optics

Page 11

Current Directional Thrust based on ACO Optics

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

PA

M4

Dir

ect

Det

ect

(ASS

P/A

SIC

)

FRA

MER

DEV

ICE

(FP

GA

/ASS

P/N

ON

E)

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

100GE/FlexE

OTN/FlexO

40GE

50GE

50GE

QSFP28

25GE

25GE

25GE

25GE

10GE

10GE

10GE

10GE

Co

mp

lex

FRA

MER

Fu

nct

ion

s(F

PG

A/A

SSP

/NO

NE)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

(6

00

G)

PA

M4

DD

(2

00

G –

40

0G

)(A

SSP

/ASI

C)

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

IQ Interface

ACOAnalog Coherent

Optics

FlexE / OTLCn.m100GE /

OTU4

Integration

Sim

ple

FR

AM

ER

Fun

ctio

ns

(In

tegr

atio

n in

to D

SP)

Desire Pluggable

Optics to have

multiple vendors

& options

DSP is on the

board and not

changeable

DSPs will have different levels of Protocol Features

Power and Cost tradeoff’s need to be considered for different technology

Many Permutations of DSPs possible but maybe the right mix is not therePage 12

Evolution of DSP chips100GE Mapping

Lower Rate Aggregation

Single FlexE Group (Aware)

Multiple FlexE Groups (Aware)

FlexE Termination (Full)

Encryption (MACSec/Bulk)

100GE FEC

100GE + LLDP Snooping

Line FlexE Mapping

400GE Mapping (OTN)

400GE Mapping (FlexE)

200GE + others

MLG Markers

OTN OAM & Management

OTN Mappings (IMP, FlexE, BMP, GMP)

NG

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

#1

100GE Mapping

Lower Rate Aggregation

Single FlexE Group (Aware)

Multiple FlexE Groups (Aware)

FlexE Termination (Full)

Encryption (MACSec/Bulk)

100GE FEC

100GE + LLDP Snooping

Line FlexE Mapping

400GE Mapping (OTN)

400GE Mapping (FlexE)

200GE + others

MLG Markers

OTN OAM & Management

OTN Mappings (IMP, FlexE, BMP, GMP)

NG

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

#2

100GE Mapping

Lower Rate Aggregation

Single FlexE Group (Aware)

Multiple FlexE Groups (Aware)

FlexE Termination (Full)

Encryption (MACSec/Bulk)

100GE FEC

100GE + LLDP Snooping

Line FlexE Mapping

400GE Mapping (OTN)

400GE Mapping (FlexE)

200GE + others

MLG Markers

OTN OAM & Management

OTN Mappings (IMP, FlexE, BMP, GMP)

NG

PA

M4

Dir

ect

De

tect

RET

IMER

COHERENT DSP A

LONG Reach

COHERENT DSP B

METRO Reach

PAM RetimerSHORT Reach

POWER = ++++

Cost = $$$$

POWER = ++

Cost = $$

POWER = +

Cost = $

Different flavours of DSP to address different market spaces

Due to use of SDN controller want the DCI box to feel the same

– Different DSPs but identical SW view mean the framer needs to make system DSP agnostic

Page 13

Evolving DSPs and System SW

DSP Agnostic box thrusts features towards Framer DCI Dis-integration

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

PA

M4

Dir

ect

Det

ect

(ASS

P/A

SIC

)

FRA

MER

DEV

ICE

(FP

GA

/ASS

P/N

ON

E)

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

Co

mp

lex

FRA

MER

Fu

nct

ion

s(F

PG

A/A

SSP

/NO

NE)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

(6

00

G)

PA

M4

DD

(2

00

G –

40

0G

)(A

SSP

/ASI

C)

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

ACOAnalog Coherent

Optics

Sim

ple

FR

AM

ER

Fun

ctio

ns

(In

tegr

atio

n in

to D

SP)

Desire to have DSP

changed per application

DSP AGNOSTIC Design

Identical System

& SW ImageDis-IntegrationId

en

tica

l S

W &

Syste

m Im

ag

e

ca

n th

rust th

e D

is-I

nte

gra

tio

n

of th

e D

CI B

OX

Framer ABSTRACTS DSP – System looks Identical to SW for all DSPs

Interfacing between the DSP & Framer is still complex

– Simplify this interface Allows to make simpler DCO optics

Page 14

The Dis-Integrated DCI Box

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

PA

M4

Dir

ect

Det

ect

(ASS

P/A

SIC

)

FRA

MER

DEV

ICE

(FP

GA

/ASS

P/N

ON

E)

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

FRA

MER

Fu

nct

ion

sA

BST

RA

CTI

ON

OF

DSP

(FP

GA

/ASS

P/N

ON

E)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

(6

00

G)

PA

M4

DD

(2

00

G –

40

0G

)(A

SSP

/ASI

C)

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

IQ Interface

Dis-Integration

FlexE / OTLCn.m100GE /

OTU4X

Sim

plif

y

Inte

rface

DCO

With DCO a box can be used with any

flavor optics – ultimate user choicePage 15

Utopia – Ubiquitous Optics for all applications

400G CFP8

Metro DCO

400G CFP8

PAM4 DD

200G CFP8

ULR DCO

400GE CFP8

IEEE

NEAR FUTURE

2 x 600G CFP8

Metro DCO

2 x 400G CFP8

PAM4 DD

400G CFP8

ULR DCO

2 x 400GE

CFP8 IEEE

Further Out

DCO enable various products for same transport gear

Transport Evolves from Chassis to Box to Pluggables

– For some applicationsPage 16

Utopia – Function Agnostic Transport

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

PA

M4

Dir

ect

Det

ect

(ASS

P/A

SIC

)

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28

QSFP28Tr

ansp

ort

Fu

nct

ion

s(F

PG

A/A

SSP

)

CO

HER

ENT

DSP

(6

00

G)

PA

M4

DD

(2

00

G –

40

0G

)(A

SSP

/ASI

C)

Line Optics(Coloured / GRAY)

IQ Interface

DCO OR PAM4 OR IEEE

Swit

ch

Fun

ctio

ns

(FP

GA

/ASS

P)

NP

U

Fun

ctio

ns

(FP

GA

/ASS

P)

Tran

spo

rt B

ox

Swit

ch B

ox

Ro

ute

r

My Functions

Page 17

Conclusion

Evolution of the DSP in the future can create a mix features on the DSP

DSP/Technology to address different target applications

– Different Power, Cost and Reach Tradeoffs in designs

Want the look and feel of the box to be identical for applications

– SDN Controller thinks its talking to the same box with a “different reach” parameter

Simple Framer can abstract away the DSP functions

– Customizable framer device that can provide different features to address different applications

• Ability to tradeoff for power and cost; provide flexibility to add/remove features as product evolves

• FPGAs play well in this area

Further in the Future framer logic can be absorbed in multiple products

– Allows for ubiquitous distance optimized optics for various products

Page 18

Why Dis-integrate the DCI Box

High Level Integration to allow for line optics to fit in pluggable optics

DSP optimization for power to fit in DCO form factors

– May require application specific DSPs (Optimization for Power and Cost)

Clear Industry Direction to want to move towards ubiquitous optics

Simplification of the Interface to the DCO is key to make this reality

– This is something the industry should start looking at soon

• Today we have many protocols for Flexible Transport and we are working on more

• Need a simple definition of interface that is based on bits – Optics should not be burdened by protocols

– Needs multi-vendor decision in a open forum

• Decide on what granularity this simple interface will be (25G/50G/100G …)

– Like FlexE if there is enough traction we can get a quick resolution to this interface

Page 19

What is Needed to Reach Utopia ?

Page 20

Thank You!

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Page 21