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Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations/l981
Direct Method Determination of the Gas Content of Coal: Procedures and Results
By W. P. Diamond and J. R. Levine
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Report of Investigations 8515
Direct Method Determination of the Gas Content of Coal: Procedures and Results
By W. P. Diamond and J. R. Levine
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR James G. Watt, Secretary
BUREAU OF MINES
This publication has been cataloged as follows :
D i a m o n d , Wi l l i am P Direct method determination of the gas content of coal:
Procedures and results .
(Report of i n v e s t i g a t i o n s - United S t a t e s , Bureau of Mines ; 8515) Bibl iography: p. 12.
1. Coa l -Ana lys i s . 2, Coal-Methane con ten t . I. L e v i n e , J e f f r e y R,, joint author , 11. T i t l e , 111. S e r i e s : United S t a t e s , Bureau of Mines. Report of i n v e s t i g a t i o n s ; 8515.
TN23 .U43 [TP325] 622s [662.6'22] 80-607951
CONTENTS Page
Abstract ................................................................ 1 Introduction and historical development ................................. 1 Acknowledgments ......................................................... 4 Equipment and procedures ................................................ 4
Sampling ........................................................... 4 Test equipment ..................................................... 4 Calculation of gas content ......................................... 6 .......................................... Auxiliary test procedures 10 ................................................................. Summary 11
References .............................................................. 12 Appendix A*-- Results of direct method gas content determinations on U.S. coal samples ..................................................... 13
Appendix R.--Diagrams of standard direct method test sample container ......................................................... and ball mill 34 Appendix C.--Field data collection form for direct method test .......... 36
ILLUSTRATIONS
................... 1 . Gas content of coal versus actual mine emission 2 . Crushing box used in original procedure for determining residual
gas ............................................................. 3 . Sample containers used for direct method testing of coal samples .. 4 . Equipment for direct method testing of coal samples ............... 5 . Lost gas graph .................................................... 6 . Ball mill used to crush coal for new residual gas determinations
procedure ....................................................... 7 . Roller machine for tumbling coal samples in ball mill .............
B-1 . Standard direct method test sample container ...................... B-2 . Ball mill used to crush coal for new residual gas determination ....................................................... procedure
TABLES
1 . Data for lost gas graph ........................................... 7 A-1 . Results of direct method gas content determinations on U.S. coal ......................................................... samples 15
DIRECT METHOD DETERMINATION OF THE GAS CONTENT OF COAL: PROCEDURES AND RESULTS
by
W. P. D i a m o n d 1 and J. R. Lev ine2
ABSTRACT
The e x p l o s i o n hazard of methane-air mix tu res has become a n i n c r e a s i n g l y s e r i o u s mine p lann ing problem, and a n advance assessment of methane gas poten- t i a l can t h e r e f o r e be e s s e n t i a l f o r a s a f e and economic mine development pro- gram. A s p a r t of i t s c o a l mine h e a l t h and s a f e t y program, t h e Bureau of Mines h a s developed a s imple , inexpens ive t e s t t o measure t h e methane c o n t e n t of c o a l samples o b t a i n e d from e x p l o r a t i o n cores . The gas c o n t e n t of c o a l p e r u n i t weight a s determined by t h e d i r e c t method t e s t can be used a s a b a s i s f o r a p r e l i m i n a r y e s t i m a t e of mine v e n t i l a t i o n requ i rements , and t o de te rmine i f d e g a s i f i c a t i o n of t h e coalbed i n advance of mining should be considered.
S ince t h e Rureau began measuring t h e gas c o n t e n t of c o a l samples i n 1972, e x p e r i e n c e has l e d t o equipment and p r o c e d u r a l changes, t h e most s i g n i f i c a n t of which has been t h e development of a b a l l m i l l f o r c r u s h i n g t h e c o a l sample t o r e l e a s e t h e r e s i d u a l g a s a t t h e end of t h e d e s o r p t i o n t e s t pe r iod . T h i s r e v i s e d procedfire r e p l a c e s t h e c r u s h i n g box and g r a p h i c a l methods d e s c r i b e d i n e a r l i e r Bureau p ~ i b l i c a t i o n s .
The r e s u l t s of 583 d i r e c t method t e s t s a r e summarized i n t a b u l a r form. These r e s u l t s i n c l u d e d a t a on t h e gas c o n t e n t of 125 coa lbeds i n 15 S t a t e s .
INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
The Bureau of Mines o r i g i n a l l y became i n t e r e s t e d i n de te rmin ing t h e methane c o n t e n t of v i r g i n c o a l a s a n a i d i n e s t i m a t i n g t h e amount of methane t h a t would be r e l e a s e d i n an a c t i v e mine. The method developed f o r t h i s purpose (3-5)3 was a v a r i a t i o n on a method r e p o r t e d by French r e s e a r c h e r s i n -- 1970 ( 2 ) . The primary d i f f e r e n c e s between t h e procedures were t h a t t h e method -
' ~ u ~ e r v i s o r ~ g e o l o g i s t . 2 ~ e o l o g i s t . Both a u t h o r s a r e w i t h t h e P i t t s b u r g h Research Cente r , Rureau of Mines,
P i t t s b u r g h , Pa. 3 ~ n d e r l i n e d numbers i n p a r e n t h e s e s r e f e r t o i t ems i n t h e l i s t of r e f e r e n c e s
p reced ing t h e appendixes.
- Beatrice Mine
-
/ d ~ o w e Mine
Loveridge I I - &ederal N0.2 Mine 1
r - f iVes+a Mine
investigated by the Bureau used samples of virgin coal from exploration cores, and the French researchers reported results on drill cuttings taken from holes drilled into coalbeds from working faces underground.
The Bureau's initial research results were used to construct a graph (fig. 1) that related direct method test values to the actual measured methane emissions of nearby mines. The corre- lation was good for large, deep mines, with a sustained coal production of at least several thousand tons a day that had been in operation for several years. A com- plete discussion of the use of this graph is available (i)
The Bureau's original test method included a crush-
Mary Lee No.1 Mine a, , , , , , , I ing procedure to indirectly Inland Mine measure the volume of gas
remaining in the coal sample
4 8 12 16 after desorption ceased.
GAS CONTENT MEASURED 20 This procedure involved crushing the coal sample in a
BY DIRECT METHOD, cm3/~ jaw crusher within a sealed,
FIGURE 1. - Gas content of coal versus actual mine emission. clear plastic box* The box was purged of air prior to
crushing and filled with nitrogen. The operator worked inside the sealed box through flexible rubber sleeves as shown in figure 2. After the coal was crushed, gas samples were taken for compositional analysis. The percent methane in the sample was used in conjunction with the free space volume inside the box to calculate the volume of gas released by the crushing procedure.
The crushing box procedure was cumbersome and time consuming; therefore, research efforts were directed toward developing a graphical procedure for estimating the residual gas. Several coal sample physical and chemical variables associated with the gas content data base were evaluated for possible estimating parameters. After evaluating all the available data, it was determined that a graphical procedure based on the friable or blocky
FIGURE 2. - Crushing box used in original procedure for determining residual gas.
character of the individual coal sample, and the amount of lost and desorbed gas at a specific time cutoff would provide an acceptable estimate of residual gas (2).
However, subsequent to the development of the graphical procedure and the acquisition of a substantially larger data base, Bureau researchers determined that the graphical method was not sufficiently reliable. The problem with the graph was that it was based on residual gas data obtained from the crushing box. It was found that the plastic covering of the box did not always seal properly, and the rubber sleeves periodically developed leaks. It was not known exactly when the box hegan leaking, or on which previous samples leaks had developed; therefore, the reliability of the residual gas results was in question. Because the graphical procedure was based on the results from the crushing box, the graph could not be considered valid.
To improve the reliability of the gas content testing procedure, a new crushing method that would allow the direct measurement of the volume of residual gas has been developed. This method uses a sealed ball mill crushing apparatus that will be discussed in detail in the "Equipment and Procedures" section of this report. Comparison of data obtained by this direct method with estimates from the graph have further confirmed that the graphical proce- dure is not always reliable.
Gas content determinations have been completed on 583 individual coal samples since the first test was completed in 1972. The testing procedure has evolved to provide more complete and reliable data. A summary of the test results and an indication of the reliability of those results is presented in Appendix A.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The cooperation of numerous coal and gas companies and State and Federal agencies, in providing exploratory coal cores for gas content determinations, is greatly appreciated. While under contract to the Bureau of Mines and the Department of Energy (DOE), the staffs of the Colorado Geological Survey and the Utah Geological and Mineral Survey collected a substantial number of coal samples that provided the first comprehensive data base of gas in western coalbeds. Appreciation is also extended to DOE for giving the Bureau access to gas content data collected by their contractors. Slyvester Sudduth, of the Pittsburgh (Pa.) Research Center, Bureau of Mines, is gratefully acknowledged for his contribution of sample testing in the laboratory.
EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES
Sampling
Coal samples for gas content testing are usually obtained by the Rureau from exploratory coreholes of private coal companies. Because of quality testing needs of coal companies, it is generally possible to obtain only enough sample for one gas test on a coalbed. Therefore, it has been Rureau practice to obtain the cleanest section of coal; that is, coal without obvious extraneous shale, pyrite, or other noncoal inclusions. Multiple testing, or even testing of the entire coalhed, would be the preferable sampling procedure.
The person collecting the coal samples in the field must be present at the site when the coalbed is cored. To calculate a portion of the total gas content, that person must accurately record the exact times of coalbed encounter, start of core retrieval, and elapse time until the sample is sealed in the sample container.
Test Equipment
Figure 3 shows sample containers of several shapes and sizes that have been constructed for various testing purposes. The standard container (can A) used by the Bureau is made from a 12-inch piece of aluminum pipe, having an inside diameter of 4 inches. A top flange and bottom plate have been welded to the pipe section, and a removable lid that attaches to the top flange can be fitted with a gage and various types of valve assemblies. A diagram of this canister is presented in appendix B. Valves with a quick-connect capa- bility are preferred if a large number of samples are tested at the same time.
FIGURE 3. - Sample containers used for direct method testing of coal samples. Can A-standard container, cans 6, C, and D-plastic water filter containers,
A less expensive alternative to the metal canisters are the various plastic water filter housings (cans B, C, and D) available from many plumbing supply outlets. These containers are sometimes awkward to use because of their rounded bottoms (cans C and D), or because of the difficulty of opening and/or sealing the large screw-type caps. Thus, standard metal containers are preferred because of their flat bottoms and durability, especially in long- term collection programs. In general, any container.that can be easily sealed airtight, can contain about 2,000 grams of sample, and can hold approximately 50 pounds of internal pressure would be adequate for the test.
It has been suggested that containers of greater length, perhaps even long enough to hold an entire cdre of a coalbed should be used for testing. Although it would be preferable to test the entire core, several complications may arise in using large containers. Occasionally, a sample container will leak, invalidating the test. If six individual 1-foot sections of a 6-foot coalbed are tested separately, a leak in one can is of little consequence. But if the entire 6 feet is placed in one can, and it leaks, few usable data are obtained. Coal samples that are friable and very gassy will usually give off large volumes of gas early in the desorption procedure. If very large amounts of coal of this type are sealed into a large canister, then bleeding the large volume of gas into the measuring apparatus, which will be described later, can require an excessive amount of time which can invalidate the cal- culation of the lost gas.
The equipment ( f i g . 4 ) needed t o measure the a c t u a l volume of gas desorb ing from the c o a l sample c o n s i s t s of an i nve r t ed graduated c y l i n - d e r s i t t i n g i n a pan f i l l e d w i t h water and a r i n g s t a n d and clamps t o hold t he
Sample graduated c y l i n d e r i n p lace .
container The desorbed gas t h a t c o l - l e c t s i n t h e c a n i s t e r i s p e r i o d i c a l l y b l e d i n t o t h e graduated cy l inde r and measured a s t h e volume of water d i sp l aced . This pro- cedure i s performed both a t
Pan of water t he d r i l l s i t e and subse- quen t ly , i n t h e l abo ra to ry .
FIGURE 4. - Equipment for direct method testing of coal samples. Ca l cu l a t i on of Gas Content
The gas con ten t of a p a r t i c u l a r sample i s composed of l o s t , desorbed, and r e s i d u a l g a s , each of which i s determined by s l i g h t l y d i f f e r e n t techniques. A co re sample a c t u a l l y begins t o desorb gas before i t i s s e a l e d i n t h e sample con ta ine r . The amount of t h i s l o s t gas depends on t h e d r i l l i n g medium and t h e t ime requi red t o r e t r i e v e , measure, and desc r ibe t h e core and s e a l t h e sample i n t h e can. The s h o r t e r t he time r equ i r ed t o c o l l e c t t h e sample and s e a l i t i n t o t h e can , t h e g r e a t e r t h e confidence i n t he l o s t gas c a l c u l a t i o n . I n g e n e r a l , because of i t s speed , wi re l i n e r e t r i e v a l of t he co re i s p r e f e r a b l e t o convent ional c o r i n g . I f a i r o r mi s t i s used i n d r i l l i n g , i t is assumed t h a t t he c o a l begins desorb ing gas immediately upon p e n e t r a t i o n by t h e core b a r r e l . With wa te r , d e s o r p t i o n i s assumed t o begin when the core i s halfway out of t he ho le ; t h a t i s , when t h e gas p re s su re is assumed t o exceed t h a t of h y d r o s t a t i c head.
The l o s t gas can be c a l c u l a t e d by a g r a p h i c a l method based on t h e r e l a - t i o n s h i p t h a t f o r t h e f i r s t few hours of emiss ion , t h e volume of gas g iven o f f i s p ropor t i ona l t o t h e square r o o t of t h e deso rp t ion time. A p l o t of t h e cumulat ive emission a f t e r each read ing a g a i n s t t h e square r o o t of t h e t ime t h a t t h e sample has been desorbing i d e a l l y would produce a s t r a i g h t l i n e .
A sample of experimental d a t a ( t a b l e 1 ) and supplementary information used t o c o n s t r u c t a l o s t gas graph fol lows:
D r i l l i n g medium--water.
Time coalbed encountered (A)--12 : 01 a.m.
Time core s t a r t e d o u t of h o l e (B)--12:30 a.m.
Time c o r e reached s u r f a c e (C)--12:40 a.m.
Time core sea led i n c a n i s t e r (D)--12:50 a.m.
Lost gas time: (D-A) i f a i r o r m i s t i s used
I C -B (D-C) + i f water i s used 1
= 15 minutes.
TABLE 1. - Data f o r l o s t gas graph I
( The r e s u l t i n g graph i s shown i n f igu re 5 . The in t e rcep t on the X a x i s 1
3.87 5.48 6.71 7.75 8.66 9 .49
10:25
i s t h e square roo t of the elapsed time ( l o s t gas time) i n minutes from the 1
Time s ince placed i n
can, min 0
15 30 45 60 75 90
Reading
I.............. 2.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . . . . . ......... 4.. . . . . . . ...... 5.............. 6.. . . . . . . ...... 7 . . . . ..........
t i m e gas desorpt ion begins and the sample i s sea led i n the conta iner . The es t imated value of the l o s t gas i s the poin t a t which the constructed l i n e
Gas r e l eased , cm3
0 92 84 55 36 40 33
T i m , a.m.
12 : 50 1:05 1:20 1:35 1:50 2:05 2:20
i n t e r c e p t s t h e negat ive Y a x i s .
The desorbed gas is simply the t o t a l volume of gas drained from t h e Sam-
Tota l gas , cm3
0 92
176 23 1 267 307 340
p l e and measured i n the graduated cy l inde r . The desorbing of a sample i s 1 genera l ly allowed t o continue u n t i l a very low emission r a t e i s obtained, gene ra l ly an average of l e s s than 10 cm3 of gas per day f o r 1 week. The time requi red t o reach t h i s low r a t e of emission w i l l vary considerably and i s a f f e c t e d by many th ings , including the s i z e of t h e sample, the physical c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s of the c o a l , and the amount of gas contained i n t h e sample.
A t the poin t a t which i t i s determined t o discontinue the measurement of desorbed gas , the c o a l sample w i l l usual ly s t i l l conta in gas. To complete the gas determinat ion procedures, the amount of r e s i d u a l gas must be measured. The procedure recommended by the Bureau i s t o crush the coa l i n a sea led b a l l m i l l . The b a l l m i l l constructed f o r crushing c o a l ( f i g . 6) was f ab r i ca ted from a piece of 1/4-inch-wall, 7-inch-diameter s t e e l pipe. A s t e e l p l a t e was welded t o the bottom, and a l i d was f i t t e d t o the top. A t the top , a s h o r t
1 s e c t i o n of pipe with 1-inch w a l l thickness was welded ins ide the 7-inch pipe 1
FIGURE 5. - Lost gas graph. FIGURE 6. - Bal l mi l l used to crush coal for new residual gas determinations procedure.
t o provide s u f f i c i e n t surface area f o r machining a groove f o r an O-ring s e a l and f o r b o l t holes t o secure the l i d . A diagram of the b a l l m i l l i s presented i n appendix B.
A t r i a l - a n d - e r r o r procedure was used t o determine the type of gr inding media t h a t would e f f i c i e n t l y c rush c o a l t o a f i n e powder i n a reasonably s h o r t t ime per iod . The s tandard gr inding media used by t h e Bureau comprises 2 1- inch-diameter hexagonal s t e e l rods , 2 .5 and 3 . 2 inches long; and 4 2- inch, 24 1- inch,and 100 0.5- inch s t e e l b a l l s . Coal sample weights of l e s s than 1 ,000 grams a r e gene ra l ly p r e f e r a b l e f o r complete crushing. The l a r g e r t h e volume of sample, t h e g r e a t e r t h e cushioning e f f e c t on t h e gr inding media and t h e g r e a t e r t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of l a r g e amounts of uncrushed c o a l . The Utah Geologica]. and Mineral Survey has r e c e n t l y cons t ruc ted a b a l l m i l l s i m i l a r t o t h a t used by t h e Bureau, excep t t h a t i t has t h r e e v e r t i c a l f i n s on t h e i n t e r i o r of t h e m i l l . The f i n s r epo r t ed ly reduce t h e cushioning e f f e c t of t h e accumulated powder and reduce t h e time requi red t o c rush t h e sample completely.
The b a l l m i l l is tumbled on a r o l l e r machine ( f i g . 7) f o r approximately 1 hour t o c rush t h e coa l . The m i l l i s allowed t o coo l t o room temperature, and t h e volume of gas r e l ea sed i s then measured by t h e water displacement method. The crushed powder and any uncrushed lumps a r e weighed sepa ra t e ly . The volume of gas r e l ea sed i s a t t r i b u t e d only t o t h e crushed powder. A s e t of r e s i d u a l gas d a t a and c a l c u l a t i o n procedure fol lows:
FIGURE 7. - Rol ler machine for tumbling coal samples in ba l l m i l l .
Weight of crushed powder--735 grams.
Weight of uncrushed lumps--45 grams.
Volume of gas b leed o f f --1,082 cm3. -
Gas b leed o f f , cm3 Res idua l gas c a l c u l a t i o n = Weight of sample crushed t o powder, grams
- - 1,082 cm3 735 grams
T h e o r e t i c a l l y , i t i s pos s ib l e t o c rush a c o a l sample i n t h e b a l l m i l l a t any p o i n t a f t e r c o l l e c t i o n and t o o b t a i n t he t o t a l gas conten t (excluding l o s t g a s ) of t he sample. This procedure i s g e n e r a l l y no t considered app rop r i a t e i f maximum information from t h e sample i s d e s i r e d . By c rush ing t h e sample be fo re t h e d e s o r p t i o n process i s complete, i t i s impossible t o o b t a i n t h e r e l a t i v e amounts of desorbed and r e s i d u a l gas . This d i s t i n c t i o n i s important because t h e a c t u a l r e s i d u a l g a s , which w i l l no t desorb from t h e sample whi le s ea l ed i n t h e c a n i s t e r , probably r ep re sen t s gas t h a t w i l l not flow t o a d e g a s i f i c a t i o n bo reho le and poss ib ly r ep re sen t s gas t h a t w i l l no t be emi t ted i n t o a mine atmosphere. It i s t r u e t h a t dur ing t h e process of mining c o a l , the c o a l i s broken up i n t o v a r i o u s l y s i z e d p i eces ; however, t h e ma jo r i t y of t he se p ieces w i l l no t u s u a l l y d u p l i c a t e t h e very f i n e powder t h a t t h e b a l l m i l l produces i n t h e r e s i d u a l gas procedure.
The t o t a l gas conten t of a p a r t i c u l a r sample i s the volume of l o s t gas and desorbed gas d iv ided by the t o t a l sample weight p lus t h e r e s i d u a l gas c o n t e n t . The c a l c u l a t i o n procedure and sample d a t a s e t fol low:
Los t gas--240 cm3.
Desorbed gas--3,246 cm3.
T o t a l sample weight--780 grams.
Residual gas--1.5 cm3 /g.
T o t a l gas = gas + desorbed gas + r e s i d u a l gas T o t a l sample weight
- - 240 cm3 + 3,246 em3 + l.5 cm3,g 780 grams
Aux i l i a rv Tes t Procedures
Proximate, u l t i m a t e , and Btu ana lyses a r e obtained on the crushed powder from t h e r e s i d u a l gas t e s t . These t e s t r e s u l t s can be used t o f u r t h e r eva lua t e t h e gas conten t r e s u l t s on a p r a c t i c a l and t h e o r e t i c a l b a s i s . Because the gas
content i s presented on a volume-to-weight r a t i o , the presence of noncoal m a t e r i a l , pr imar i ly sha le and pyrite--which adds weight but not gas s to rage capacity--can produce seemingly erroneous da ta . Thus two samples from the same coalbed core may have gas contents varying by seve ra l cubic centimeters pe r gram i f one sample contains appreciably higher noncoal ma te r i a l . The coa l ana lys i s w i l l he lp determine i f noncoal ma te r i a l i s inf luencing the t o t a l gas content .
Theore t ica l s t u d i e s on the inf luence of depth of b u r i a l on the gas con- t e n t a r e preferably done on a c lean c o a l , thus removing the noncoal m a t e r i a l v a r i a b l e from the evalua t ion . However, because coalbeds do con ta in noncoal m a t e r i a l , the a c t u a l in-place methane i n a p a r t i c u l a r volume of c o a l should be r e l a t e d t o t h e as-received coa l d a t a .
Theore t i ca l ly , t he gas content of c o a l i s influenced by the rank of the c o a l , with higher ranks genera l ly having higher gas contents . The c o a l a n a l y s i s can be used t o determine the apparent rank of the coal by ASTM Stan- dard D388 (1) - f o r eva lua t ion of the rank parameter.
Gas samples should be obtained pe r iod ica l ly during the desorpt ion t e s t i n g of c o a l samples. Gas compositional ana lys i s w i l l provide information on the gas q u a l i t y , e s p e c i a l l y what, i f any, gases o ther than hydrocarbons a r e present .
SUMMARY
The Bureau has developed and re f ined a s imple, inexpensive t e s t i n g proce- dure t o d i r e c t l y determine t h e gas content of coa l samples obtained from exp lo ra t ion coal cores . The procedures f o r determining the l o s t and desorbed gas i n a coal sample have remained e s s e n t i a l l y the same, bu t the r e s i d u a l gas determinat ion procedure has been revised . The cu r ren t recommended r e s i d u a l gas procedure involves crushing the coa l sample a t the end of the desorpt ion period i n a sea led b a l l m i l l and then measuring the l i b e r a t e d gas d i r e c t l y by a water displacement method.
REFERENCES
1. American Soc i e ty f o r Tes t i ng and M a t e r i a l s . Standard S p e c i f i c a t i o n f o r C l a s s i f i c a t i o n of Coals by Rank. D388 i n 1977 Annual Book of ASTM Standards: Pa r t 26, Gaseous Fue ls ; Coal and Coke; Atmosphere Analys i s . Ph i l ade lph ia , Pa. , 1977, pp. 214-218.
2. B e r t a r d , C . , B . Bruyet , and J. Gunther. Determinations of Desorbable Gas Concentrat ions of Coal (D i r ec t Method). I n t e r n . J. Rock Mechanics and Miner. S c i . , v . 7 , 1970, pp. 43-65.
3 . Diamond, W . P. Eva lua t ion of Methane Gas Content of Coalbeds: Pa r t of a Complete Coal Explora t ion Program f o r Heal th and Sa fe ty and Resource Evaluat ion. Proc. 2d I n t e r n a t . Coal Explora t ion Symp., Denver, Colo., Oct. 1-4, 1978, v . 2 , pp. 211-222.
4. K i s s e l l , F. N . , C . M. McCulloch, and C . H. E lder . The Di r ec t Method of Determining Methane Content of Coalbeds f o r V e n t i l a t i o n Design. BuMines R I 7767, 1973, 17 pp.
5 . McCulloch, C . M . , J . R. Levine, F. N. K i s s e l l , and M. Deul. Measuring t h e Methane Content of Bituminous Coalbeds. BuMines R I 8043, 1975, 22 PP
APPENDIX A . --RESULTS OF DIRECT METHOD GAS CONTENT DETERMINATIONS ON U . S . COAL SAMPLE S
Table A - 1 i s a compilation of d i r e c t method t e s t r e s u l t s on c o a l samples c o l l e c t e d between 1972 and mid-1979. The r e s u l t s a r e l i s t e d a lphabe t i ca l ly by coalbed. To b e t t e r evalua te the t o t a l gas content of each sample, t he com- ponent p a r t s of the t o t a l a r e l i s t e d . The major physical and chemical v a r i a b l e s known t o a f f e c t t h e gas content of coa l samples a r e provided i f a v a i l a b l e . Space l i m i t a t i o n s preclude t h e l i s t i n g of a l l d e t a i l e d da ta asso- c i a t e d wi th each sample, but t h i s information i s ava i l ab le f o r s p e c i f i c samples from the ~ u r e a u ' s P i t t sburgh Research Center. The Bureau has a l s o published d e t a i l e d geologic s t u d i e s r e l a t e d t o the occurrence of methane i n s e l e c t e d c o a l measures. A bibliography of these papers , as we l l a s o the r t o p i c s r e l a t e d t o t h e occurrence and premining drainage of methane, i s a v a i l - a b l e from t h e Bureau of Mines, Methane Control Group, P.O. Box 18070, P i t t sburgh , Pa. 15236.
Discussion of Data Presented i n Table A - 1
Coalbed: Coalbed names a r e genera l ly those assigned by the cooperat ing c o a l companies or by o ther agencies supplying samples o r da ta t o t h e Bureau. I f the name of the coalbed i s unknown, e i t h e r the formation name i s l i s t e d o r t h e sample i s cataloged by the S t a t e name followed by (unc) f o r uncorre la ted . A ( ? ) following t h e coalbed name ind ica te s t h a t t h e name i s probably c o r r e c t , b u t the c o a l may be miscorre la ted . The following abbreviat ions f o r d i f f e r e n t benches of the same coalbed a r e used i n a s soc ia t ion with the coalbed name: U = upper, M = middle, and L = lower.
S t a t e and County: Coal companies a r e genera l ly r e l u c t a n t t o permit pub- l i c a t i o n o f t h e exact loca t ion of t h e i r explora tory coreholes. The l o c a t i o n of sample c o l l e c t i o n s i t e s a r e therefore i d e n t i f i e d only by the S t a t e and county.
Sample depth, f e e t : The measured depth of the b o t t m of the sample placed i n the desorpt ion con ta ine r , rounded off t o the nea res t foo t .
Lost gas , cm3: That po r t ion of the t o t a l gas content l o s t before t h e c o a l sample was sealed i n the c a n i s t e r , est imated by the graphica l procedure described i n the t e x t . A dash i n the l o s t gas column i n d i c a t e s t h a t the l o s t gas could not be ca lcu la t ed , usual ly because of incomplete sample da ta .
Desorbed gas , cm3: That por t ion of the t o t a l gas content l i b e r a t e d from t h e sample while sea led i n the c o l l e c t i o n conta iner and measured d i r e c t l y by t h e water displacement method described i n the t e x t .
Gas content , cm3 /g , excluding r e s i d u a l gas : Determined by adding the l o s t and desorbed gas and d iv id ing by the t o t a l sample weight; represents the gas t h a t desorbed from the sample n a t u r a l l y . This may be the only v a l i d gas con- t e n t da ta f o r those samples f o r which r e s i d u a l gas was determined by the crushing box or graphica l procedures. This value i s probably l e s s than the a c t u a l t o t a l gas content of those samples.
Residual gas , cm3, and method of ca lcu la t ion : That por t ion of the t o t a l gas content of the sample remaining i n the c o a l a t the end of the desorpt ion per iod , which w i l l not f r e e l y desorb from the coa l while sea led i n the con- t a i n e r . The res idua l gas has been determined by th ree methods a s described i n the t e x t : CB = crushing box, G = graphica l , and BM = b a l l m i l l . The crushing box method was determined t o be unre l i ab le ; the re fo re , the graphica l procedure based on the crushing box data must be considered unre l iable . The r e s i d u a l gas da ta obtained from the b a l l m i l l i s considered v a l i d . A dash i n t h i s column ind ica tes t h a t t h i s value was not determined, usual ly because the donors d id not want the samples t o be crushed.
Tota l gas content , cm3/g: Determined by adding t h e column labeled Gas con ten t , excluding res idua l gas, and the Residual gas column. The t o t a l gas content (subjec t t o the v a l i d i t y of the r e s i d u a l gas) represents the gas con- t e n t of the coa l sample on an as-received b a s i s .
Apparent rank: Determined from coal ana lys i s da ta by the method described i n ASTM Standards D388 (1). The abbreviat ions (samples from a l l coa l groups may not appear i n t a b l e A-1) correspond t o the following standard coa l groups:
M-Ant--Me t a - an th rac i t e . Ant --Anthracite.
Semi Ant - -Semianthracite. LV--Law-volatile bituminous. MV--Medium-volatile bituminous .
HV-A--High-volatile A bituminous. HV-B- -High-vola t i l e B bituminous. HV-C--High-volatile C bituminous.
Sub-A--Subbituminous A . Sub-B--Subbituminous B . Sub-C--Subbituminous C. Lig-A--Lignite A . Lig-B--Lignite B.
A dash i n the apparent rank column ind ica tes t h a t a rank determination could not be made because of the lack of coa l ana lys i s da ta .
Percent a sh , as-received: Data a r e presented t o permit an evaluat ion of the poss ib le e f f e c t of the amount of ash on the t o t a l gas content of the -
sample. Because the mineral mat ter represented by the ash i n t h e coal analys is adds weight , but genera l ly no gas, an abnormally l o w gas content may be measured i f a high mineral mat ter content is present . A dash i n t h i s column i n d i c a t e s t h a t a coal ana lys i s was not obtained on the sample.
Code: Assigned t o each coal sample processed f o r gas content determina- - t i o n by t h e Bureau. A l l i nqu i r i e s concerning s p e c i f i c samples should r e f e r t o these code numbers.
TABL
E A
-1.
- R
esu
lts
of
dir
ec
t m
etho
d g
as
co
nte
nt
de
term
ina
tio
ns
on U
.S.
co
al
sam
ple
s
Gas
c
on
ten
t,
cm31
g e
xc
lud
ing
re
sid
ua
l g
as
6.3
3.6
4.9
8.0 . 3 .9
.7
.2
.8
. 2 1
.3 . 5
1.2
1.0 . 5
1.1
4.2 .1
-3 . 0 . 0 .I
. 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 -1 . 0 . O
Co
alb
ed
Ala
bam
a (u
ric).
....
Alm
a....
......
....
Am
eric
an..
....
....
And
erso
n...
....
...
Bal
d K
noll
....
....
Ral
lard
....
....
...
Bal
lard
....
....
...
Sta
te
Ala
.
W.V
a. N
.Mex
.
Ala
.
Mon
t.
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Co
un
ty
Jeff
ers
on
...
Min
go...
....
Pic
ken
s...
..
Ros
ebud
....
.
Gar
fiel
d..
..
Gra
nd...
....
Gra
nd...
....
Re
sid
ua
l g
as 9
cm31
g,
and
m
etho
d of
c
alc
ula
tio
n
0.0
BM
1.1
BM
.5
RM
.4
BM
.O
G
.6
G
.5
G
.1
G
.5
G
.1
G
1.7
RM
.3
G
2.4
BM
.2
G
2.4
BM
2.3
BM
.2
BM
.0
RN
.1
G
.O
RM
.0
BFI
.2
RM
. 0 BM
.O
RM
.2
BM
.O
RM
.O
BM
.O
BM
.O
RM
Sam
ple
d
ep
th,
fee
t
81
0
1,1
30
1
,22
4
1,5
14
754
819
855
86
9
934
96
3
972
996
1,0
05
1
,03
1
1,0
46
1
,05
9
1,4
95
62
274
192
19
8
254
297
336
371
394
410
416
42 3
App
ar-
ren
t ra
nk
HV
-A
HV
-A
MV
MV - - - - - -
HV
-A
- H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
HV
-A
HV
-B
Sub-
C
-
HV
-R
HV
-B
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-C
HV
-B
HV
-C
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-R
To
tal
ga
s c
on
ten
t,
cm3 I
g 6.
3 4.
7 5.
4 8.
4 . 3 1.
5 1.
2 . 3 1.
3 -3
3.0 .8
3.
6 1
2 2.
9 3.
4
4.4 .1
. 4 . 0 . 0 . 3 . 0 . O . 2 • 0
. 1 . 0 . O
Lo
st
ga;,
cm 1
75
60
12
0 1
,52
0
20
53
46
28
8 2
54
3 0
36
30
5 6
30
36
320 26
80 0 0 3
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pe
rce
nt
ash
, as
- re
ce
ive
d
15.6
30
.6
22.6
39
.9
8.9
- - - - - 5.7
- 3.7
3.3
5.5
3.1
11
.1
4.3 - 3.2
7.0
20.3
37
.6
10.1
12
.7
10.2
6.
1 11
.7
9.1
Des
orb
ed
ga;,
cm
2,3
70
1
,07
2
1,6
53
1
1,9
00
9 0
571
432 9 0
46
4 7 0
790
31 7
64
1
98 6
22
6 44
5
1,8
05
3 7
220 2 0
14
1
0 0 0 0 5 7 0 5
Cod
e
225
226
227
229
17
1
197
195
19
3
196
192
340
194
33
3
170
332
18
8
234
636
11 0
766
770
774
703
704
776
706
710
713
715
I-' w
TAB
LE
A-1
. -
Re
su
lts
of
dir
ec
t m
eth
od
g
as
co
nte
nt
de
term
ina
tio
ns
on
1J.
S.
co
al
sam
ple
s--C
on
tin
ued
-
Cod
e
78
5
81
1
81
3
10
8
35
36
3 7
38
4
5
46
39
40
4
3
4 4
4
1
42
72
8
82
7
82
8
22
3
21
9
84
9
936
93 7
23
0
Co
alb
ed
Ba
lla
rd
(?).
. . . . . .
R
all
ard
(U
) ...
....
Ra
lla
rd
(L) ...
....
Re
ar
Can
yon.
....
..
Rec
kle
y..
....
....
.
Bec
kw
ith
....
....
..
Rig
&
Lit
tle
Dir
ty
Bla
ck
Cre
ek..
....
.
Rlu
e C
reek
....
....
Rri
ar
Hil
l(N
o.
5~
)
Bro
ok
vil
le..
....
..
Rro
okw
ood.
....
....
Sta
te
IJta
h
Uta
h
IJta
h
Uta
h
W.V
a.
IJta
h
Was
h.
Ala
.
Ala
.
Ill
.
Pa.
Ala
.
Co
un
ty
Gra
nd
.. . . .
.. G
ran
d ...
....
Gra
nd
.....
.. E
mer
v...
....
Ral
eig
h..
...
Em
ery.
....
..
Pie
rce.
....
.
Jeff
ers
on
...
Jeff
ers
on
...
Cla
y..
. ..
...
All
egh
eny
...
Pic
ken
s...
..
Ap
par
- re
nt
ran
k
HV
-A
HV
-R
HV
-R
- - - - - - - - - - - - -
HV
-A
- -
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-I3
- -
HV
-A
Pe
rce
nt
ash
, a
s-
rec
eiv
ed
8.7
2.7
11
.5
- - - - - - - - - - - - - 10
.9
50.6
39
.6
2.7
21.1
10
.5
- - 12
.4
Sam
ple
d
ep
th,
fee
t
86
1
50
5
53
0
97
1
55
8
58
8
6 5
3
65
5
74
0
83
0
85
0
85
2
87
5
99
0
1,1
98
1
,20
0
1,0
75
46
8
48
5
53
7
297
1,0
78
1,0
20
1
,02
0
68
3
Re
sid
ua
l g
as,
cm
3/g
, an
d
met
ho
d
of
ca
lcu
lati
on
0
.5
RM
.3
RM
.2 WI
.0
G
.I C
R .3
G
.8
RM
1
.8
RM
.6
CR
.8
C
R
.6
C,
.8
C:
.9
CR
.9
C
R
-1
G .O
G
.O
R11
.O
RM
.O
RH
.7
BII
.8
RTI
.5
BY
- -
2.6
RM
To
tal
ga
s c
on
ten
t,
cm3
/g
0.5 .8
1.
5 .O
.4
4.8
5
.5
11
.5
13
.7
15
.3
9.3
12
.0
14
.4
13
.1
9.9
10
.8
-1
2.5
1.5
3.7
4.0
1.0
2.7
2.5
5.0
Lo
st
ga
s,
cm
0
7 9
-
3
32
28
4
30
8
80
8
90
1
,66
0
1,7
20
2
,88
0
1,8
80
64
0 1
,40
0
1,9
00
30
1,3
00
8
30
36
0
16
0
13
0
250
23
5
15
5 D
eso
rbed
g
as,
cm
0
253
1,1
20
39
33
3
3,3
13
7
,80
5
14
,96
7
16
,64
1
17
,78
7
9,6
30
1
6,1
60
1
7,2
14
1
2,9
20
1
4,9
03
1
4,0
16
92
5,7
41
5
,27
8
4,2
51
3,6
33
75
8
5,2
10
5
,97
9
1,2
17
Gas
c
on
ten
t,
cm3
/g
ex
clu
din
g
res
idu
al
ga
s 0
.0
-5
1.3 .0
-3
4.5
4.7
9.7
13
.1
14
.5
8.7
11.2
1
3.5
1
2.2
9
.8
10
.8
.1
2.5
1
.5
3.0
3.2 -5
2.7
2.5
2.4
Can
yo
n..
.. ...
.....
Can
yo
n
or
Co
ok
....
Ca
rbo
ne
ra..
....
...
Ca
stle
ga
te..
....
..
Ca
stl
eg
ate
A...
...
Wyo
.
Wyo
.
IJta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Cam
pb
ell.
...
Cam
pb
ell.
...
Gra
nd
....
...
Car
bo
n..
....
Car
bo
n..
....
.0
RM
.0
RH
.0
RH
.0
RH
.O
SM
00
RE4
.O
RH
. 0 Rb
l 00
SP
I .0
RM
.0
RM
.O
RM
02
RbI
04
RbI
.3
RM
1.0
C
R
02
G
.0
RM
.3
RM
1.5
RE
7 1
.2
srI
05
BbI
.3
RM
1.1
BE
I 1
.3
BH
3.9
RE
I -
3 R
H .4
RM
.1
C,
2.3
RM
2
.3
G
08
RM
.9
RM
.2
RF
I 1
.2
RM
1.2
RM
.9
RE
1
;ub-
C
;ub-
C
;ub-
C
;ub-
C
;ub-
C
Guh
-C
;ub-
C
;ub-
C
qub-
C
?ub-
C
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-R
- -
HV
-A
HV
-R
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-R
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
- H
V-A
-
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
TABL
E A
-1.
- R
esu
lts
of
dir
ec
t m
eth
od
g
as
co
nte
nt
de
term
ina
tio
ns
on
U.S
. c
oa
l sa
mp
les-
-Co
nti
nu
ed
Co
alb
ed
Ca
stle
ga
te R
......
Ca
stle
ga
te R
R
ide
r
Ca
stle
ga
te C
......
C
ast
leg
ate
C...
...
Ca
stle
ga
te C
......
Ca
stle
ga
te C
......
C
ast
leg
ate
C...
...
Ca
stle
ga
te D
......
C
ast
leg
ate
D...
...
Ca
stle
ga
te D
......
Sta
te
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Co
un
ty
Car
bo
n..
....
Car
bo
n..
....
Car
bo
n..
....
E
mer
y...
....
C
arb
on
....
..
Em
ery.
....
..
Car
bon.
....
.
Car
bo
n..
....
E
mer
y...
....
Car
bo
n..
....
Des
orb
ed
ga
s,
cm 25
6 85
4
4
680
592
787 0
31
8
5,2
92
19
9
794
451
682
21
3
320
6,9
64
294
366
450 0
5
,74
7
93
86
3
To
tal
ga
s c
on
ten
t,
cm3
Ig
1.5
1
.1
1.2
1.7
1 . 0
3.0
1.4
1.1
7.2 . 7
1.3
1
.3
1.4 . 7 . 4
10.6
. 7 . 7 .8
1.5
6.
2 2.
9 1
.0
Sam
ple
d
epth
, fe
et
316
35
3
441
50
4
51
1
737
776
97
3
1,2
34
19
8
301
556
56
3
89
8
1,2
49
3
,29
2
14
9
16
1
17
0
1,1
01
1
,13
6
1,3
08
1
,43
1
Gas
c
on
ten
t,
cm3
/g
ex
clu
din
g
resi
du
al
ga
s 0.
4 . 3 . 0 .6
.6
1.2 . 0 . 5
6.4 . 2
1.3
.6
. 7 . 2 . 4 1
0.2
. 2 . 7 .8 . 0
5.4 . 1
1.0
App
ar-
ren
t ra
nk
HV
-R
HV
-A
HV
-R
HV
-B
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-A
HV
-R
- H
V -R
HV
-B
HV
-R
- H
V-A
HV
-A
- - H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
-
Lo
st
ga;,
cm
0 0 0
70
37
13
0
0
75
14
9
0
22 4
6
4
11
0
- 10
42
0 0
5 1
33
0
90
44
13
4
Re
sid
ua
l g
as 9
cm3
/g,
and
m
eth
od
of
c
alc
ula
tio
n
1.1
BM
.8
RM
1.
2 RM
1
.1
BM
.4
RM
1.8
BM
1.
4 RM
.6
RM
.8
RM
.5
BM
.O
G
.7
BFI
.7
RM
.5
RM
.0
G
.4
BM
.5
BM
.O
C,
.O
G
1.5
RM
.8
BM
2.
8 RF
! .O
G
Pe
rce
nt
ash
, as
- re
ce
ive
d
4.8
8.9
6.9
6.0
3.
8 4.
3 7.
1 6
.0
3.9
4.7
- 3.5
5.2
4.5
- 5.9
6.8
- - 6
.5
4.4
8.4
-
Cod
e
37
3
382
495
542
54
3
537
51
3
368
72
7
37
1
99
362
36
3
367 9 8
747
370
10
0
10
1
50
0
697
53
8
10
2
Cedar Grove (L). ..
Chesterfield......
Christensen (
?)...
Christensen.......
Clarion...........
Clarion...........
Coalburg..........
Colorado J-J......
W.Va.
Utah
Utah
Utah
W.Va.
Pa.
W.Va.
Ala.
Colo.
Grand.......
Garfield....
Garfield....
Barbour.....
Allegheny...
?lingo.. ..
...
Pickens.....
Rio Rlanco..
.O
G 1.2
G
02 G
05 G
05 G
.1 RM
01 G
1.9
RFl
05 G
1.4
BM
1.3
RM
01
G .1
C,
2.7
BM
01
G
2.7
BM
.3 RM
.3 RM
.O RM
.O R?I
.O BM
.O RM
.3 CR
.3 CR
- .1
G
.1 BM
.O BFI
.O RM
- - - - - HV-A
- FTV-A
- HV-A
HV-A
- - HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-B
HV-R
HV-C
HV-C
HV-C
HV-C
HV-A
HV -A
- - -
HV-c
HV-C
TABL
E A
-1.
- R
esu
lts
of
dir
ec
t m
eth
od
E
as
co
nte
nt
de
term
ina
tio
ns
on U
.S.
co
al
sam
~le
s--C
on
tin
ue
d
Co
alb
ed
Co
lora
do
(u
nc
) ....
Co
lora
do
(u
nc
) ....
Co
lora
do
(u
nc)
....
C
olo
rad
o
(un
c) ..
.. C
olo
rad
o
(un
c)..
..
Co
lora
do
(u
nc
) ....
Co
lora
do
(u
nc
). . .
. C
olo
rad
o (u
ric).
...
Co
lora
do
(u
nc
) ....
Co
lora
do
(u
nc
) ....
Co
lora
do
(u
ric).
...
Co
lora
do
(u
ric).
...
Co
lora
do
(u
nc)
. . . .
C
olo
rad
o
(un
c) ...
. C
olo
rad
o (u
ric).
...
Co
lora
do
(u
nc)
....
C
olo
rad
o
(un
c). ...
Co
lora
do
(u
nc)
....
Co
lora
do
(u
nc
) ....
Sta
te
Co
lo.
Col
o.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Col
o.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Col
o.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Sam
ple
d
ep
th,
fee
t
101
16
8
311
484
501
584
648
677
718
724
73
3
775
807
81
1
81
3
82
5
829
87
3
89
8
963
966
992
1,0
06
1
,00
9
1,0
14
1
,01
7
1,0
30
1
,03
2
1,0
54
1
,06
4
1,0
76
1
,14
2
1,6
92
1
,79
3
Co
un
ty
Las
Ani
mas
..
Mes
a....
....
Mo
ffat
....
..
Hu
erfu
no
....
L
as A
nim
as..
Mo
ffat
....
..
Las
Ani
mas
.. F
loff
at..
....
Las
Ani
mas
..
Hu
erfa
no
....
L
as A
nim
as..
1les
a...
....
. L
as A
nim
as..
Hu
erfa
no
....
L
as A
nim
as..
Hu
erfa
no
....
L
as A
nim
as..
Hu
erfa
no
....
Las
Ani
mas
..
Lo
st
ga
s,
cm3 17
0 80
0 17
0 89
0 1
,11
0 0
20
300 52 0
3,3
00
50
40
37
0 1
15
65
13
0 70
37
0 13
0 70 0
130
300
170
30
9 0
160
480
850 9 0
550
3,4
00
8
,30
0 D
eso
rbed
ga
;, cm
15
8
1,0
57
3
,39
0
2,0
31
2
,71
9 0
51
18
5
88
0
1
0,1
76
33
4 56
3,0
86
74
56
75
5 50
5 15
7 26
0 27
0 24
74 5
32
44
5
54
320
335
4,7
31
9
,44
8
48
134
14
,25
5
18
,09
8
To
tal
gas
c
on
ten
t,
cm3
/g
0.7
3.6
2.7
2.8
5.0
.O
-1
1.
6 1.
6 .O
7.9 .5
-1
1.
6 -2
-1
.8
1.2
1.5
1
.1
1.0
.5
1.
2 .9
2.7 . 1
1.7
1.6
2.3
6.
0 .5
2.0
11.0
1
5.3
Gas
c
on
ten
t,
crn3
Ig
ex
clu
din
g
resi
du
al
ga
s 0.
4 3.
4 2.
5 2.
8 5.
0 .o
-1
1.5
.2
.O
7.
6 . 5 -1
1.5
-2
-1
.8
.6
1
.5 . 5 -3 . 1 .8
.9
. 8 -1
-5
.5
2.3
6.0 .5
1.
2 1
1.0
1
5.3
App
ar-
ren
t ra
nk
MV
MV LV
MV
MV
HV
-C
HV
-C
MV-
A H
V-A
H
V-C
M
V H
V-C
H
V-C
-
HV
-A
HV
-A
- - H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-C
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
- -
HV
-A
HV
-A
MV
MV
Re
sid
ua
l R
as,
cm
3Ig
,an
d
met
hod
of
ca
lcu
lati
on
0
.3
RM
.2
BM
.2
BM
.O
BM
.O
BM
.O
RM
.O
BM
.1
BM
1.4
RM
.O
BM
.3
BM
.O
BM
.O
BIl
.1
BM
.O
BM
. O B
li .O
BT
l .6
BT
I .O
BM
.6
BM
.7
BM
.4
RM
-4
BII
.O
BM
1.9
RM
.O
BM
1.
2RM
1
.1
BM
. 0 W
I .O
BM
.O
BM
.8
BM
.O
BM
.O
BM
Pe
rce
nt
ash
, a
s-
rec
eiv
ed
39.0
29
.6
36.2
35
.2
19
.0
6.3
8.
0 1
4.0
1
1.3
5.
9 28
.9
4.0
5.2
74.2
20
.7
15.6
78
.9
55.6
7.
8 1
8.3
20
.8
12
.9
12.9
8.
2 1
2.3
13
.9
17
.3
21.3
6
6.3
56
.4
9.0
16
.0
11.7
15
.7
Cod
e
535
536
66
3
53
3
665
359
732
667
671
733
654
734
735
655
672
673
532
656
669
657
65
8
360
659
666
689
670
660
661
651
652
662
668
653
664
Coo
k o
r W
all.
....
.
Da
nv
ille
(N
o.
7).
.
Die
tz..
....
....
... ...
...
Elk
orn
No.
3
Fer
ron
....
....
....
......
F
err
on
(U
)..
Fe
rro
n
(L).
. ...
...
Fis
h C
reek
....
....
Fla
t C
any
on
... ...
. F
reep
ort
....
....
.. ...
.. F
ree
po
rt
(1J)
.
Fre
ep
ort
(U
). ..
...
Fre
eo
irt
(U).
.....
Wyo
. Ill
.
?Ion
t .
KY
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
1Jt
ah
Uta
h
Uta
h
Pa.
Pa.
, P
a.
Pa.
I
Cam
pb
ell.
...
Cla
y. ...
....
Ro
seb
ud
....
.
Pe
rry
....
...
Ga
rfie
ld..
..
Em
ery.
.....
.
Se
vie
r...
...
Se
vie
r.. ...
. C
arb
on
....
..
Em
ery.
. ...
.. A
lle
gh
en
y..
.
All
eg
he
ny
.. .
Wes
tmo
rela
nd
G
reen
e...
...
Sub
-C
HV
-R
HV
-R
Sub
-C
- -
HV
-R
HV
-A
HV
-R
- - - - - - - H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
- - - - - - -
TABLE A-1.
- Results of direct method
eas content determinations on U.S.
coal sam~les--Continued
Coalbed
Fruitland.........
....
Fruitland
(IJ)
.
....
Fruitland
(L).
Gillespie.........
Gilson............
Gilson............
Harrisburg (No. 5)
Harrisburg (NO. 5)
Harrisburg (No. 5)
Harrisburg (No. 5)
...
Hartshorne (U). ...
. Hartshorne (L)
State
N.Mex.
N.Mex.
N-flex.
Ala.
Utah
Utah
111.
Ill.
111.
Ill.
Okla.
Okla.
County
San Juan....
.. San Juan..
.. San Juan..
Pickens.....
Carbon...... ...
Emery....
Jefferson...
.....
White.. ...
....
Wayne
......
Clay..
.. Le Flore.. ....
Le Flore
Sample
depth,
feet
399
399
1,475
1,485
280
295
318
465
642
587
589
736
1,663
476
483
2,340
793
909
1,013
1,069
1,090
823
175
252
318
356
488
489
516
553
Lost
ga;,
cm
92
20
368
208
0
130
95
40
62
47
0
58
160 0 0
68
360
260
122
185
200
1,554
185
500
806
1,050
6,500
1,850
2,700
1,150 Desorbed
ga;,
cm 640
163
2,320
1,849
32
275
237
1,525
2,068
1,755 0
1,609
1,955 0 0
653
94 3
3,470
3,387
2,140
97 4
15,903
8,625
15,960
8,212
23,310
54,300
16,670
36,665
8,117
Gas content,
cm3Ig
excluding
residual
gas
1.4 -3
3.3
2.1 .1
-5
-3
3.9
2.2
2.5 -0
1.9
4.6 .O
-0
-8
-8
2.4
2.4
1.6 -9
14.9
2.3
4.8
8.0
10.1
10.5
10.2
11.1
12.8
Residual
gas,
cm31g, and
method of
calculation
0.0
BM
-0 BM
-9 BM
1.7
RM
.O RM
-0 RM
.O BFI
.O BM
-0 RM
.O RM
-3 RM
. 1 BF4
4.8
RM
1.6
RM
-5 BM
-0 G
-2 CB
-5 BM
-9 G
-7 G
-3 RM
-6 G
-2 G
.9
G -7 BM
-7 G
-7 G
-7 G
-7 G
.3
G
Total
gas
content,
cm31g
1.4 .3
4.2
3.8 -1
-5
-3
3.9
2.2
2.5 -3
2.0
9.4
1.6 -5
.8
1.0
2.9
3.3
2.3
1.2
15.5
2.5
5.7
8.7
10.8
11.2
10.9
11.8
13.1
Appar-
rent
rank
HV-R
HV-B
HV-A
- HV-C
HV-C
HV-C
HV-C
HV-C
HV-B
HV-R
HV-C
HV-A
HV-B
HV-A
- - HV-R
- - HV-R
- - - LV
- - - - -
Percent
ash, as-
received
7.7
6.1
12.2
- 23.7
23.9
24.3
10.8
23.3
8.8
11.7
13.
13.4
4.6
3.5 - - 13.0
- - 12.5
- - - 6.3
- - - - -
Code
694
695
206
207
676
674
675
498
496
499
354
497
235
758
750
115
152
864
151
150
850
217
27
26
20
29
21
25
22
33
P2 m P2 I I 1 7 7 7 7
1 1 1 1 1 1 I > I I > > > I 1 1 1 I I I l l 1 2 % % ? l l > > > x x x x x x x x x
0 0 0 a 0 0 000000 O d o o m m 0 cows 0 m o 0 c h l o m o o o m * m o w m w a w a w m w w m 4
d d m h l m hlm W * W mu2
o o w m a m d e w w d d 4 wcn Q\ m m
* * * 0 0 0 0 Z Z Z z w w w w cd
c d c d * P a c c * - b c c d c d * a 0 a l - l l - l d * d a Q ) M P W .d d ' ~ ' ~ d d % I C E G G 3 3 2 5 m a p )
x x x x x H H H H 5 5 5 9 9
TABLE A-1.
- Results of direct method
gas content determinations on U.S.
coal samples--Continued
Total
gas
content,
cm3/g
2.6
4. 4
6.2
5.1
7.3
3.3
6.6
2. 4
5.8
6.4
5.8
2.6
3.6 . 4
3.4
1.3
2.8
3.4
3.7
5.0
2.3
2.5
2.3 . 5 .8
.8 . 4 .9
1.0 .2
.1
-3
.6
.2
Lost
gas,
cm 19
8 216
520
114
396
534
300
168
58
50
46
118
260 30
160 4 3
155
155
110
500
135
132 95
48
104
67
6 0
59
77
56
45
79
89
13
Coalbed
Kittanning
(U)..
..
Kittanning (U) ...
.
Kittanning (U). . . .
Kittanning
(TI)
Kittanning (M)....
Kittanning (M)....
Kittanning (L). . . .
Appar-
rent
rank
HV-A
HV-A
HV -A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
- - - - - HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
- - - - HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
-
Residual
Ras,
crn3/g, and
method of
calculation
1.9
RM
2.2
BM
2.8
BM
2.7
BM
1.9
RM
2.0
BM
2.5
RM
.6 R7.I
1.2
RM
1.7
BM
1.5
BM
.2 CR
.1 CB
.1 CR
.1 CR
.5 CB
1.3
BM
1.7
BM
1.7
BM
- 0.9
CB
1.0
CR
.9 CB
-3 RM
.4 RM
.6 BM
. 3 RM
.7 BM
.7 BM
.O BM
.O BM
.0 BM
.4 RM
-1 RM
Desorbed
ga;,
cm 800
3,560
5,395
1,960
5,590
1,530
3,895
1,875
5,175
3,435
4,905
2,389
4,321
289
2,472
71 3
1,788
1,752
1,523
11,066
1,578
1,646
1,529
170
430
60
120
215
200
40
30
32 5
13 0
125
Gas content,
crn3Ig
excluding
residual
gas
0.7
2.2
3.4
2.4
5.4
1.3
4.1
1.8
4.6
4.7
4.3
2.4
3.5 .3
3.3 .8
1.5
1.7
2.0
5.0
1.4
1.5
1.4 . 2 . 4 .2 . 1 . 2 .3 . 2 . 1 . 3 .2 . 1
State
W.Va..
Pa.
W.Va.
Ohio
Pa.
W.Va.
W.Va.
Percent
ash, as-
received
22.5
15.2
7.4
18.3
10.6
11.7
8.5
38.0
17.6
17.3
11.7
- - - - - 20.8
12.0
7.4 - - - - 29.8
21.1
10.4
30.0
4.8
4.1
28.6
11.0
7.2
10.4
61.8
Code
485
486
487
488
503
504
505
506
792
793
794
131
133
109
190
127
853
852
854
93 4
128
129
130
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
679
County
Barbour.....
Allegheny...
Upshur.. . . .
. Harrison.. . .
Allegheny...
Upshur...
...
Rraxton.. . . .
Sample
depth,
feet
486
487
489
490
546
547
548
549
610
611
612
708
834
834
834
840
585
586
587
801
909
911
912
76
77
78
92
93
94
146
149
151
154
405
Kittanning (L)....
Kittanning (L)....
Kittanning (L)....
Kittanning (L)....
Kittanning (L)....
Mahoning (?)......
Mammoth...........
Mary Lee (U)......
Mary Lee (U)......
Mary Lee (U)......
Mary Lee (U)......
W.Va..
W.Va.
Pa.
W. Va.
Pa.
Pa.
Pa.
Ala.
Ala.
Ala.
Ala.
Braxton.....
Barbour.....
Indiana.....
Rarbour.....
Westmoreland
Allegheny...
Schuylkill..
Walker.. . . .
. Jefferson...
Tuscaloosa..
Pickens.. ...
MV
HV-A
- HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
- HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
- LV
-
Ant - - LV
LV
LV
- LV
- HV-A
TABLE A-1.
- Results of direct method gas content determinations on U.S.
coal sam~les--Continued
Coalbed
Mary Lee (L). . . .
. .
Mary Lee (L)..
. . . .
Mary Lee (L). . . .
. . Mary Lee (L)......
County
Jefferson.. .
Tuscaloosa..
Pickens.. . . .
Tuscaloosa..
State
Ala.
Ala.
Ala.
Ala.
Sample
depth,
feet
1,053
1,056
1,057
1,073
1,074
1,076
1,076
1,078
1,080
1,082
1,086
1,089
1,092
1,099
1,099
1,099
1,102
1,103
1,120
1,123
1,125
1,126
1,127
1,130
1,704
1,705
1,706
1,913
1,935
2,185
2,231
2,285
Lost
gas,
cm3
270
5,110
3,170
1,010
1,010
1,670
830
640
1,380
1,200
4,480
2,270
2,160
390
240
725
600
470
680
900
1,540
520
1,990
1,400
760
270
260
240
770
1,800
240
1,270
Residual
Ras,
cm3/g, and
method of
calculation
0.2
BM
.1 BM
.0 BM
.2 RM
.1 RM
.O RM
.3 RM
.5 BM
.5 RM
.2 BM
.4 BEI
.1 RM
.1 BM
.7 RM
.5 BPI
.7 CB
.4 RM
.5 RM
.3 RM
.3 RM
.3 BM
.2 BM
.1 BM
.1 RM
.7
G
.4
C,
.4
G
.6
G
.1 CR
1.6
CR
3.3
BM
1.4
RM
nesorbed
ga;,
cm
5,519
14,283
5,687
18,503
17,055
19,817
16,997
9,874
12,640
9,680
45,923
15,171
19,961
13,989
3,464
8,448
10,654
14,404
15,194
15,757
14,457
6,279
16,599
15,300
13,955
9,085
7,661
10,647
15,331
15,986
3,513
14,669
Total
gas
content,
cm3 lg
13.6
15.3
5.1
15.0
14.2
15.7
14.8
11.3
10.4
10.8
13.2
17.0
15.1
10.3
8.1
13.6
11.1
10.9
16.3
13.7
11.9
15.3
15.0
15.6
14.8
11 . 1
11.7
9.8
15.6
17.4
5.9
13.9
Gas content,
cm3/g
excluding
residual
gas
13.4
15.2
5.1
14.8
14.1
15.7
14.5
10.8
9.9
10.6
12.8
16.9
15.0
9.6
7.6
12.9
10.7
10.4
16.0
13.4
11.6
15.1
14.9
15.5
14.1
10.7
11.3
9.2
15.5
15.8
2.6
12.5
Appar-
rent
rank
LV
LV
MV LV
LV
LV
LV
- MV
MY
MY LV
LV
MY
- - MY
LV
LV
MY
MY
LV
LV
LV
- - - - - - HV -A
-
Percent
ash, as-
received
30.2
9.3
9.1
9.0
8.3
9.1
7.2
- 10.7
13.1
10.5
9.7
9.4
8.7
- - 9.2
9.0
7.2
9.9
8.1
8.2
7.5
7.0
- - - - - - 8.1 -
Code
254
264
265
246
249
245
250
263
262
261
248
215
251
255
260
51
259
256
244
243
242
239
238
240
52
53
54
55
56
57
237
58
......
P
len
efee
Fm
..
Mer
cer.
....
....
...
Mes
a V
erd
e F
m...
..
Mil
lda
le..
....
....
Mo
rley
....
....
....
New
C
as
tle
(?
)....
New
C
ast
le..
....
..
O'C
on
no
r (L
)...
...
O'C
on
no
r (U
)..
..e
m
Oh
io N
o.
5
or
6..
.
Orc
har
d..
....
....
.
Co
lo.
Pa.
Co
lo.
Ala
.
Co
lo.
Ala
. A
la.
Uta
h
Uta
h
Oh
io
Pa.
All
egh
eny
...
Rio
Rla
nco
..
Pic
ke
ns.
. ...
L
as
An
imas
..
Je
ffe
rso
n..
.
Tu
sca
loo
sa..
Car
bo
n..
....
Car
bo
n..
....
Ha
rris
on
.. ..
Sc
hu
ylk
ill.
.
-1
G
el
G
-
0.1
BM
.8
RM
.8
RM
.0
RM
. 0
R?l
.6
RM
.2
RM
1.
2 RM
.1
RM
.0
RM
2.9
BM
.5
RM
.4 RM
.5
BM
.6
RN
1
.9
Rfl
.o
C,
.O
G
.O
G
.0
C,
1.2
RM
1
.3
RM
1.9
RM
.O
RM
.5
RM
- - - - - H
V-R
- -
HV
-R
- H
V-R
H
V-R
H
V-R
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
- - - - -
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
Ant
A
nt
TABL
E A
-1.
- R
esu
lts
of
dir
ec
t m
etho
d g
as
co
nte
nt
de
term
ina
tio
ns
on
U.S
. c
oa
l sa
mp
les-
-Co
nti
nu
ed Pe
rce
nt
ash
, as
- re
ce
ive
d
6.7
6.3
11
.2
20.9
27
.9
7.8
1
2.0
5.
2
15.6
1
2.1
- 8.8
9.
8 7.
6 6.
7 6.
7 5.
8 8
.3
22.9
7
.1
9.6
- 10
.0
8.3
- 8.
7 4.
7 5.
8 7.
4 7.
8 5
.5
7.0
30.7
Co
alh
ed
Pal
isad
e...
....
...
Pa
lisa
de
Zon
e.. . . .
Pea
ch M
ou
nta
in..
..
Pit
tsb
urg
h..
....
..
Pit
tsb
urg
h..
. . .
. . .
Lo
st
ga
s,
cm3
0
12
23
20 0 0
45
70
9,4
00
5
,85
0
950
19
5
194
134
94
157
168
164
11
7
192
12
2
240
289
318
300
132
340
256
276
273
18
9
147 23
Cod
e
778
721
815
722
723
724
361
358
210
211 65
8
63
86
2 8
66
86
7 80
0 79
9 85
8 8
59
8
60
8
61
62
2
83
28
4 63
27
6 28
5 85
6 85
7 8
55
8
22
8
20
64
6
Sam
ple
d
ep
th,
fee
t
409
493
61
8
624
627
6 54
8
13
1
,29
0
685
68
5
427
581
582
590
59
3
610
612
622
624
626
666
67 5
67
8 6
80
680
6 8
1
682
7 0
1
70
3
705
716
720
74
9
Sta
te
Uta
h
Co
lo.
Pa.
Pa.
P
a.
Des
orb
ed
ga;,
cm
0
48
56 5
8
5
0 0
1,0
85
5
,11
3
37
,43
0
36
,48
0
2,4
50
3
,71
2
3,8
95
3
,12
7
2,4
65
5
,50
5
5,6
50
3
,41
0
3,5
70
4
,75
5
3,8
60
3
,60
3
5,6
52
6
,64
7
3,8
36
5
,98
6
5,2
97
3
,85
3
4,2
78
3
,27
1
2,0
85
2
,43
0
73
4
Co
un
ty
Gra
nd..
....
.
Mes
a.. . . .
. . .
Sc
hu
ylk
ill.
.
Was
hin
gto
n..
G
reen
e.. . . .
.
Re
sid
ua
l R
as,
cm3
/p,
and
m
etho
d of
c
alc
ula
tio
n
0.0
R1
2 .0
RH
.3
BM
.O
RH
.O
B1
1 .O
BM
1
.1
BM
.5
RM
.4
RM
1.1
BM
1.6
CB
3.
7 RM
3
.5
BM
3.9
BM
4.3
RM
1.
7 R1
2 2.
6 BM
3.
4 RM
3
.5
RM
3.5
BM
2.2
RM
1.2
CB
-6
BM
1.
2 R1
1 3.
2 C
B
1.7
BM
1.6
BM
3.
6 BM
4.
0 BM
4.
4 BM
3.
7 BM
3.
4 BM
3.
1 BM
Gas
c
on
ten
t,
cm3
Ig
ex
clu
din
g
res
idu
al
ga
s 0.
0 .o
.8
.I
.0
.O
1.3
6
.5
18.4
2
0.5
2.2
3.3
3.
7 3.
0 3.
0 4.
5 4.
9 3.
8 3
.5
3.5
3.4
2.8
4.1
4.7
3.3
5.
5 3.
6 3.
8 3.
8 3.
9 4.
0 2.
1 1
.5
To
tal
ga
s c
on
ten
t,
crn3
Ig
0.0 .o
1.
1 .I
.0
.O
2.4
7.0
18
.8
21.6
3.8
7.0
7.2
6.9
7.3
6.
2 7.
5 7.
2 7.
0 7.
0 5.
6 4.
0 4.
7 5.
9 6
.5
7.2
5.2
7.4
7.8
8
.3
7.7
5.5
4.6
App
ar-
ren
t ra
nk
HV
-B
HV
-R
HV
-B
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-R
HV
-A
HV
-A
Ant
A
nt
- H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
- H
V-A
H
V-A
- H
V-A
H
V -A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
Pit
tsb
urg
h..
....
..
Pit
tsb
urg
h..
....
..
Pit
tsb
urg
h R
ide
r..
Po
ca
ho
nta
s N
o.
3..
P
oc
ah
on
tas
No.
3.
.
W.V
a.
Pa.
Pa.
W.V
a.
Va.
Mar
ion
....
..
Gre
ene.
....
.
Gre
ene.
....
.
Wyo
min
g....
. B
uch
anan
. . .
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
- - - - H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
- -
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
W
0
TABL
E A.1
. . R
esu
lts
of
dir
ec
t m
etho
d g
as
co
nte
nt
de
term
ina
tio
ns
on U
.S.
co
al
sam
ples
.. C
on
tin
ued
Co
alb
ed ......
.. P
ond
Cre
ek ...
.....
Pon
d C
reek
......
.. P
ond
Cre
ek
.. P
ond
Cre
ek R
ide
r
......
......
. P
ratt
......
......
. P
ratt
Pri
mro
se ...
......
. ...
......
. R
edst
on
e
......
....
Red
sto
ne ...
......
. R
edst
on
e
......
......
.. R
ees
......
. R
ock
Can
yon
...
Roc
k C
anyo
n (U
) ...
R
ock
Can
yon
(L)
......
. S
ee
ley
vil
le ...
....
Se
ele
yv
ille
......
......
S
ew
ell
Se
we
ll ...
......
...
Sew
ick
ley
......
...
......
...
Sew
ick
ley
S
ewic
kle
y ...
......
Sta
te
. K
y .
Ky .
Ky .
. W
V
a . A
la .
Ala
. P
a
W.V
a.
IJ.V
a.
W.V
a.
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h .
Ill .
Ill
W.V
a.
W.V
a.
W.V
a. . P
a .
Pa
Co
un
ty
......
.. P
ike
...
...
Ma
rtin
......
.. P
ike
...
....
Min
go
.. T
usc
alo
osa
...
.. P
ick
en
s
.. S
ch
uy
lkil
l .. M
on
on
gal
ia
......
M
ario
n ...
...
Wet
zel
....
Ga
rfie
ld ......
C
arb
on
......
. E
mer
y ...
....
Em
ery
......
. W
ayne
......
.. C
lay
.....
Ra
leig
h ...
.. B
rax
ton
.. M
on
on
gal
ia ..
Was
hin
gto
n
Gre
ene ...
... S
amp
le
dep
th.
fee
t
12
5
400
500
1. 0
70
1. 3
65
1. 4
28
1. 5
41
738
746
836
1. 0
99
607
620
436
1. 7
06
2. 3
40
2. 3
53
1. 2
93
1. 2
95
1. 3
52
68
0
700
981 60
45
0 58
9 59
0 59
2
Lo
st
ga;.
cm 24
0 51
85
30
2. 2
00
18
0
0
768
378
11
0
11
0
0 28
7 2
690 61
55
11
4
400
21 5
960
220
250
278 42
15
0
167
12
8
Gas
c
on
ten
t.
crn3
1g
ex
clu
din
g
res
idu
al
ga
s 1.
4 1.
4 . 9 . 6 1
4.1
2.
8 . 4 3.
6 3.
9 2.
0 . 7 . 0 . 1 . 4 2.
6 1
.7
3.3
1.3
1
.9
1 . 1
8.8
2.
8 2.
6 . 3 -1
3.5
3.6
4.1
App
ar-
ren
t ra
nk
- - - H
V-A
- H
V-A
Ant
- - - -
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-R
HV
-R
- - - - H
V-B
- - - - H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
H
V-A
Des
orb
ed
ga;.
cm
1. 2
10
1. 1
34
1. 0
97
296
8. 1
63
1. 9
25
779
4. 3
60
3. 4
21
2. 3
20
495 0 39
251
1. 7
56
1. 8
13
3
. 277
1. 4
85
2. 5
52
775
8. 9
87
3. 1
96
2.
780
22 7
1
03
4.
332
5.
571
4.
03
8
Re
sid
ua
l g
as.
cm3/
g.
and
m
etho
d of
c
alc
ula
tio
n
0.7
CR
. 4
G
. 3 C
B
2.6
BM
1.0
CB
. 2
RFI
. 0 RM
. 3 C
R
. 2 C
R
-4 C
B
. 1 C
B
. 0 BM
. 0
BM
. 9 RM
. 4
RM
. 5 G
1.
4 G
. 4 G
. 6
G
-4 R
M
. 5 C
R
1.3
CR
. 2
G
. 4 C
R
1.0
BM
1
.4
BM
1.8
BM
1
.3
BM
Pe
rce
nt
ash
. a
s-
rec
eiv
ed
- - - 2.7
- 28.0
13
.2
- - - - 8.4
5.2
4.8
4.9
- - - - 19
.8
- - - - 17
.1
9.0
8.4
11
.4
To
tal
ga
s c
on
ten
t.
cm31
g 2.
1 1.
8 1.
2 3.
2
15.1
3.
0 . 4 3.
9 4.
1 2.
4 . 8 . 0 -1
1.3
3.
0 2.
2 4.
7
1.7
2.5
1.5
9.3
4.1
2.8 . 7
1.1
4.
9 5.
4 5.
4
Cod
e
185
186
187
329
209
23
3
287
14
5
144
147
146
544
545
756
310
11
8
119
15
5
156
85
1
18
3
182
181
84
14
9
280
281
282
Sew
ick
ley
....
....
. S
ewic
kle
y..
....
...
Sm
irl
(?
) ...
......
S
mir
l...
....
....
..
Su
nn
ysi
de.
....
....
S
un
ny
sid
e...
....
..
Su
nn
ysi
de
(L
)...
..
Tu
nn
el..
....
....
..
Uta
h A
......
......
Uta
h K
. (U).......
Uta
h K
(L
)...
....
......
.....
Uta
h M
...
......
.. U
tah
El
Uta
h N............
......
.. U
tah
P
(U)
Uta
h S
ub
seam
....
..
Uta
h
Su
bse
am l.
...
W.
Va.
P
a.
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
IJta
h
Uta
h
Pa.
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
TJt
ah
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Uta
h
Mo
no
ng
alia
..
Gre
ene.
....
.
Ga
rfie
ld..
..
Kan
e...
....
.
Car
bo
n..
....
E
mer
y,.
.....
E
mer
y..
...
.. S
ch
uy
lkil
l..
Em
ery
.. ...
.. K
ane.
....
...
Kan
e ...
.....
Kan
e...
....
. K
ane.
....
...
Kan
e...
....
.
Kan
e...
....
.
Car
bo
n..
....
Car
bo
n..
....
3.0
B
II 1
.8
RM
2.5
BM
1
.8
RM
1.0
C
R
.3
CB
2
.6
RM
.O
G
00
G
.9
BM
.3
BM
.O
BM
.O
RM
.0
G
.7
BM
.7
BM
1.9
RF
I
.O
G
.O
BM
.0
RM
.O
BII
.0
BII
.O
RM
I
.O
BE1
2.2
BM
.8R
M
.7
RM
1 1
.2
RM
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
- - - - - -
HV
-R
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
- An
t A
nt
An
t
-
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
I 1 H
V-R
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
1 HV-A
TABLE A-1.
- Results of direct method eas content determinations on U.S.
coal sam~les--Continued
Coalbed
Utah Subseam 2....
Utah Subseam 3....
Utah (uric)........
......
Utah (unc)..
Vermejo Fm........
Vermejo Fm........
Wadge.............
Wall (?
)....
......
Washington........
Watkins E.........
State
Utah
Utah
Utah
Utah
Colo.
Colo.
Colo.
Wyo.
Pa.
Colo.
County
Carbon......
Carbon......
Emery.......
Carbon......
Huerfano....
Las Animas..
Routt.......
Campbell....
Greene......
.. Arapahoe..
Sample
depth,
feet
937
1,437
1,514
1,742
2,110
2,187
963
1,552
1,762
2,222
130
285
355
504
2,058
2,081
111
155
859
874
1,032
336
1,284
1,393
424
369
135
145
Lost
gas,
cm3 40
187
92 0
115
150
55 1
0
55
73
41
28
91
870
168
553
73 1
280
10
200
62 0
31 2
76
17
40
6 0 Desorbed
ga:, cm
96
5,643
1,035
0
460
1,202
1,501 13
0
11 4
497
1,820
1,285
1,557
5,869
5,349
5 1
82
4,409
280
84 7
165 0
49
29
1,350
25
35
Total
gas
content,
cm3Ig
1.9
8.4
2.4
1.5
2.1
2.5
1.8 . 5
2.3 . 4 .8
2.9
2.2
2.0
8.1
6.1
1 . 0 1.1
4.8 . 5
2.8 . 2 . 0 . 5 .2
1.9 .1
.2
Gas content,
cm3/g
excluding
residual
gas
0.1
6.4 . 9 . 0
1.0
1.5
1.2 . O . O . 2 . 7
2.4
1.3
1.7
6.7
5.7 .6 . 7
4.2 . 3
2.2 . 2 . 0 . 3 . 2
1.0 . 1 . 2
Appar-
rent
rank
HV -R
HV-A
HV-A
HV -A
HV-A
-
HV -A
HV-A
HV-A
- - HV-R
HV-R
HV-A
HV-A
HV -R
- - HV-A
HV-A
HV-A
- - -
Sub-R
HV-A
Lig-A
Lig-A
Residual
gas,
cm3/g, and
method of
calculation
1.8
RM
2.0
BM
1.5
RM
1.5
BM
1.1
BM
1.0
G
.6 RM
.5 BM
2.3
BM
.2
G
.1
G
.5 BM
. 9 BI?
.3 BM
1.4
BM
.4 RM
.4
G
.4
G
.6
BM
.2 BM
.6 RM
.O
G
.O
G
.2
G
.O BM
.9 BM
.O BM
.O RM
Percent
ash, as-
received
7.7
5.3
5.7
5.2
6.6
- 6.4
10.5
6.8
- - 4.6
9.7
9.5
5.8
4.5
- - 12.2
42.5
25.9
- - - 6.0
35.5
30.5
29.6
Code
512
547
541
539
824
104
699
825
540
105
103
804
806
809
344
343
162
163
788
744
745
164
165
166
635
637
868
869
Way
nes
bu
rg..
....
..
Way
nes
bu
rg..
....
..
Way
nes
bu
rg..
....
..
Way
nes
bu
rg
Rid
er.
.
Wil
lia
ms
Fo
rk
Fm..
Wil
lia
ms
Fo
rk
Fm..
Wil
lia
ms
Fo
rk F
m..
Wol
f C
ree
k
(17)
. .
Wol
f C
ree
k
(L) .
Pa.
W.V
a.
Pa.
Pa.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Co
lo.
Plo
no
ng
alia
..
Gre
ene.
....
.
Del
ta..
....
.
Rio
Rla
nc
o..
Ro
utt
....
...
Ro
utt
.. . . .
. .
HV
-A
HV
-A
HV
-A
- - H
V-A
H
V-A
- - -
HV
-A
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
HV
-C
- H
V -C
- - - - -
APPENDIX B.--DIAGRAMS OF STANDARD DIRECT METHOD T E S T SAMPLE CONTAINER AND BALL MILL
r 2: rad~us No I top dr~ll
2 - 1 0 N
6 holes
2; radlus
SECTIONAL DESORBING CANISTER
ASSEMBLY
FIGURE B-1. - Standard direct method test sample container. -
SECTIONAL BALL MILL ASSEMBLY
All dimensions in inches Clearance between ~d and od
FIGURE 8-2. - Ba l l m i l l used to crush coal for new residual gas determination procedure.
APPENDIX C.--FIELD DATA COLLECTION FORM FOR DIRECT METHOD TEST
Sample No. Date
Company Person collecting core
Drilling Company Hole No.
Hole location
State County
Coalbed Core size Barrel length
Coalbed thickness Type of core retrieval
Depth to base of coalbed Surface elevation
Roof rock Drilling media
Floor rock Air temperature
Condition of sample, type of coal
Seam description
Sample interval
Cylinder No. Cylinder wt. Coal sample wt. (grams)
Time coalbed encountered (A) Time coring started
Time core started out of hole (B) Time coring completed
Time core reached surface (C)
Time core sealed in canister (D)
RESULTS
Lost gas time: (D-A) if air or mist is used
(D-C) + (y) if water is used ~ o s t gas (cm3) Gas from canister (cm3) Residual gas from crushing (cm5/g)
6U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1980-603-1021146 INT.-BU.OF MINES,PGH.,PA. 25068
