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Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan

Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

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Page 1: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Digital Photography DeCal

EECS98Nathan Yan

Page 2: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Exposure “Stops”

Stops Exposure

Shutter speed Aperture ISO sensitivity

-4 1/16x 1/1600s f/22 ISO50

-3 1/8x 1/800s f/16 ISO100

-2 1/4x 1/400s f/11 ISO200

-1 1/2x 1/200s f/8.0 ISO400

0 1x 1/100s f/5.6 ISO800

+1 2x 1/50s f/4.0 ISO1600

+2 4x 1/25s f/2.8 ISO3200

+3 8x 1/12s f/2.0 ISO6400

+4 16x 1/6s f/1.4 ISO12800

Page 3: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Determining ExposureDetermining Exposure

Manual exposure – "zone system", guess and check, histogram

Auto exposure – tries to achieve an overall "middle grey" brightness

Issues

Built-in meters only see reflected light, instead of incident light

Reflected light depends on reflectivity of surface, not just the amount of light

Dark and bright objects can "fool" the camera's light meter

Page 4: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

SolutionsSolutionsExposure compensation: correcting metering errors by biasing metered value

Metering modes: Evaluative/Matrix: analyzes entire scene Center-weighted: analyzes entire scene, with bias toward center Partial/Spot: only analyzes small center of the image

Page 5: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Shorter<---------------Shutter speed --------------->Longer

Darker<--------------Exposure -------------->Brighter

Smaller<---------------Aperture--------------->Larger

Less sensitivity<----------ISO sensitivity--------->More sensitive

1/400s 1/20s

f/8 f/2.8

ISO1600ISO100

Sharper Blurrier

More in focus Less in focus

NoisierClearer

Page 6: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Program ModesMode Apert

ureShutter speed

ISO Exposure

Program (P) Auto Auto Auto/Manual

Auto

Shutter Priority (S,Tv)

Auto Manual Auto/Manual

Auto

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

Manual

Auto Auto/Manual

Auto

Manual Manual

Manual Manual Manual

Which parameters do you want to control?Which parameters is it OK to let the camera decide?

Thought experiment:

Page 7: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO Exposure

Program (P) Auto Auto Auto/Manual Auto

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) Auto Manual Auto/Manual Auto

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

Manual Auto Auto/Manual Auto

Manual Manual Manual Manual ManualThought experiment: Sports in daylight

Page 8: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO400

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/500s ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) ISO400

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) 1/500s ISO400

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/5.6 1/500s ISO400

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/5.6 1/500s ISO400

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/5.6 1/500s ISO400

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/2000s ISO400

ShadeShade

DaylightDaylight

+2E+2EVV

Page 9: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

DaylightDaylight

ShadeShade

-2EV-2EVMode Apertur

eShutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/125s ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/500s ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/2000s ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/125s ISO400

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) f/2.8 1/500s ISO100

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

f/2.8 1/500s ISO400

Page 10: Digital Photography DeCal EECS98 Nathan Yan. Exposure “Stops” StopsExposureShutter speedApertureISO sensitivity -41/16x1/1600sf/22ISO50 -31/8x1/800sf/16ISO100

Mode Aperture

Shutter speed

ISO Exposure

Program (P) Auto Auto Auto/Manual Auto

Shutter Priority (S,Tv) Auto Manual Auto/Manual Auto

Aperture Priority (A,Av)

Manual Auto Auto/Manual Auto

Manual Manual Manual Manual ManualThought experiment: Indoor sports