S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Digital Image ProcessingDigital Image Processing

ECE.09.452/ECE.09.552ECE.09.452/ECE.09.552 Fall 2009Fall 2009

Shreekanth MandayamECE Department

Rowan University

http://engineering.rowan.edu/~shreek/fall09/dip/

Lecture 1Lecture 1September 14, 2009September 14, 2009

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

http://www.apple.com/iphone/

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

http://hubblesite.org/

“Pillars of Creation” Eagle Nebula (M16)

Supernova remnant: Crab Nebula Jupiter

Galaxies from Ultra-Deep-Field

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

ABA E-13B FontABA E-13B Font

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

BiometricsBiometrics

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

PlanPlan• What is an image?

• Mathematical representation of monochromatic images• What is a digital image?

• Digital image processing• Fundamental steps• Why do we need this?

• Course logistics• Self-Assessment Test

• Sampling & Quantization• Image Preprocessing• Pre-Lab 1

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

ImagesImages

xy

f(x, y)row

column

Sample

Quantize

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Digital ImageDigital Image

.....

.....

....120

....255

..1127128x

y

GrayLevel

f(x,y)

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Color ImagesColor Images

R B

G

W

M

CY

Mixtures of Light: Additive Primaries

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

R+G+BRG

B

R+G+BRG

B

R+G+BRG

B

R+G+BRG

B

R+G+BRG

B

R+G+BRG

B

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

RGB Color SpaceRGB Color Space

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Fundamental StepsFundamental Steps

ImageAcquisition

ImageAcquisition

Preprocessing Preprocessing SegmentationSegmentation Representation &Description

Representation &Description

Recognition &Interpretation

Recognition &Interpretation

ProblemDomain

KnowledgeBase

KnowledgeBase

Result

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

The Human EyeThe Human Eye

http://webvision.med.utah.edu/anatomy.html

Section of human retinaSagittal section of adult human eye

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Perceived BrightnessPerceived Brightness

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Perceived ContrastPerceived Contrast

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Optical IllusionsOptical Illusions

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

DIP: DetailsDIP: Details

Gray-level Histogram

Spatial

DFT DC T

Spectral

Digital Image Characteristics

Point Processing M asking Filtering

Enhancem ent

Degradation M odels Inverse Filtering W iener Filtering

Restoration

Pre-Processing

Inform ation Theory

LZW (gif)

Lossless

Transform -based (jpeg)

Lossy

Com pression

Edge Detection

Segm entation

Shape Descriptors Texture M orphology

Description

Digital Im age Processing

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

DIP: Course LogisticsDIP: Course Logistics

http://engineering.rowan.edu/~shreek/fall09/dip/

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Sampling & QuantizationSampling & Quantization

• Samplingdemos/demo1sampling_and_quantization/demo_sampling.m

• Quantizationdemos/demo1sampling_and_quantization/demo_quant.m

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Image PreprocessingImage Preprocessing

Enhancement Restoration

SpatialDomain

SpectralDomain

Point Processing• >>imadjust• >>histeq

Spatial filtering• >>filter2

Filtering• >>fft2/ifft2• >>fftshift

• Inverse filtering• Wiener filtering

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Point ProcessingPoint Processing(Intensity Transformation)(Intensity Transformation)

s(x,y) = T{ r(x,y)}

TransformedGray Level

OriginalGray Level

TransformationFunction

>>imadjust

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

Pre-Lab 1: Intro to Matlab IP Pre-Lab 1: Intro to Matlab IP ToolboxToolbox

http://engineering.rowan.edu/~shreek/fall09/dip/ipintro.html

S. Mandayam/ DIP/ECE Dept./Rowan University

SummarySummary