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Digital Cities Convention Digital Cities Convention
Sylviane Toporkoff, Sylviane Toporkoff, Founder Partner Items International Founder Partner Items International
President Global Forum/ Shaping the FuturePresident Global Forum/ Shaping the Future
Washington Marriott HotelWashington Marriott HotelDecember 11–12, 2007December 11–12, 2007
Europe’s digital cities and the emerging regulatory and policy debate around municipal Wi-Fi, state aid rules, etc.
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Wifi CoverageWifi Coverage
Top 10 Wi-Fi locationsTop 10 Wi-Fi locations
Top 10 CountriesTop 10 CountriesUnited States 63,773 63,773
United Kingdom 24,023 24,023 France 22,679 22,679
Germany 21,175 21,175 South Korea 15,560 15,560
Japan 8,298 8,298 Spain 5,584 5,584 Italy 5,169 5,169
Taiwan 4,389 4,389 Switzerland 2,995 2,995
Top 10 CitiesTop 10 CitiesParis 3,122 3,122
Taipei 2,750 2,750 London 2,670 2,670 Seoul 2,498 2,498 Tokyo 2,369 2,369
Hong Kong 2,330 2,330 Berlin 1,516 1,516
New York 1,254 1,254 MadridMadrid 1,119 1,119
San FranciscoSan Francisco 1,035 1,035
Source: MuniWireless 22
Free Wireless CoverageFree Wireless Coverage Top 10 worldwide Free Wi-Fi locations
Top 10 CountriesTop 10 Countries Top 10 CitiesTop 10 Cities Top 10 locationsTop 10 locations
USUS 1659816598 PortlandPortland 474474 CaféCafé 53885388 FranceFrance 983983 ParisParis 394394 Hotel/Resort Hotel/Resort 36273627 UKUK 534534 SanSan
FranciscoFrancisco375375 RestaurantRestaurant 31843184
GermanyGermany 532532 SunnyvaleSunnyvale 303303 OtherOther 20862086 CanadaCanada 429429 ConcordConcord 272272 LibraryLibrary 19311931 BrazilBrazil 426426 Sao PauloSao Paulo 252252 Store/Shopping Store/Shopping
MallMall16441644
ArgentinaArgentina 411411 Santa ClaraSanta Clara 215215 Municipal NetworkMunicipal Network 16131613
BelgiumBelgium 365365 Buenos Buenos AiresAires
187187 BarBar 589589
ItalyItaly 349349 AustinAustin 181181 School/UniversitySchool/University 349349
PolandPoland 256256 CupertinoCupertino 137137 Office BuildingOffice Building 275275
Source: MuniWireless33
Focus Municipal ApplicationsFocus Municipal Applications
Security and Surveillance
•Video surveillance •Gunshot location•Perimeter security•Hazmat sensors
Mobile Workforce Automation
•Public safety personnel•Field inspectors (building, food service, health, etc)•Public works personnel•Social workers•Other in-field municipal workers
M2M Communications
•Red light cameras•Automated utility meter reading•Wireless parking meter systems•Intelligent transportation systems
Public Access
•Libraries•Public Gardens•Public Administrations
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Free or FeeFree or Fee
Public Wi-Fi for residents and visitorsPublic Wi-Fi for residents and visitors Broadband access for the masses, free (Tax subsidized service Broadband access for the masses, free (Tax subsidized service
or Sell advertizing space on a welcome page) or fee or Sell advertizing space on a welcome page) or fee ((Subscription based for Wi-Fi )Subscription based for Wi-Fi )
Free means “paid by someone else” (city, ads,…)Free means “paid by someone else” (city, ads,…)
Ubiquitous or specific coverageUbiquitous or specific coverage Achieving ubiquitous coverage can be difficultAchieving ubiquitous coverage can be difficult Coverage to key areas could help retaining people to local Coverage to key areas could help retaining people to local
businessesbusinesses
Digital InclusionDigital Inclusion Access to allAccess to all
In any cases: Competition strugglesIn any cases: Competition struggles
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Sweden- covering 25 citiesSweden- covering 25 cities
Glocalnet; MetroWiFi deployments in Sweden.Glocalnet; MetroWiFi deployments in Sweden.
Glocalnet, a subsidiary of Norway's Telenor, has selected and Glocalnet, a subsidiary of Norway's Telenor, has selected and deployed Proxim's AP-4000MR access points to launch deployed Proxim's AP-4000MR access points to launch Sweden's first outdoor internet access network to the country's Sweden's first outdoor internet access network to the country's twenty-five largest towns by June 2007.twenty-five largest towns by June 2007.
The new service, GlocalZone, is free of charge for its 500,000 The new service, GlocalZone, is free of charge for its 500,000
customers, while for non-subscribers prices will range from customers, while for non-subscribers prices will range from SEK19 (USD$2.60) per hour to SEK99 (USD $ 15,40) for a full SEK19 (USD$2.60) per hour to SEK99 (USD $ 15,40) for a full monthmonth..
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Geneva, Switzerland / FON
Partners with FON to provide Wi-Fi
Geneva, Switzerland is giving away 500 FON routers for free to increase the number of areas where people can get Wi-Fi access.
The goal is to get as many people as possible (digital divide) in the city center sharing their Wi-Fi connections.
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Paris DigitalParis Digital
Providing free WiFi access in 400 public spaces & municipal buildings (no ads).
Huge network of underground tunnels for optical fiber (SHuge network of underground tunnels for optical fiber (Sewer and water distribution systems provide well maintained and easily accessible pathways).The goal: fibre-based broadband to 80 percent of buildings by The goal: fibre-based broadband to 80 percent of buildings by 2009, relying on private companies for laying cables. 2009, relying on private companies for laying cables.
A 5M€ market has been awarded by the City to SFR, an alternative operator.
After discussions with the French Telecom Regulation Paris After discussions with the French Telecom Regulation Paris has decided to supply the services with limitations (i.e these has decided to supply the services with limitations (i.e these hot spots are access free & opened only during working hot spots are access free & opened only during working hours). Orange is currently opposinghours). Orange is currently opposing
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Paris Digital Paris Digital
Place des Vosges
Hôtel de Ville
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London, UKLondon, UK
Meshed Wireless Internet available in the City of Meshed Wireless Internet available in the City of London since April 2007 (130 base stations, London since April 2007 (130 base stations, operated by The Cloud)operated by The Cloud)
350,000 workers have mobile internet access. 350,000 workers have mobile internet access.
Users are charged about £11 a month. (22 USD)Users are charged about £11 a month. (22 USD)
Around London some 2,000 conventional Around London some 2,000 conventional internet hotspots exist, but they require single internet hotspots exist, but they require single log in. In the City log in is done only once.log in. In the City log in is done only once.
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EU Regulation: the exemple of PragueEU Regulation: the exemple of Prague
May 2007: EU regulators approve Prague municipal May 2007: EU regulators approve Prague municipal WiFi network. BUT ………………!WiFi network. BUT ………………!
Prague authorities launched a project for a free municipal Prague authorities launched a project for a free municipal wireless Internet service to cover a third of Prague with a wireless Internet service to cover a third of Prague with a WiFi local area Internet network.WiFi local area Internet network.
The EU Commission launched a probe after receiving The EU Commission launched a probe after receiving competition complaints from private operators.competition complaints from private operators.
As a result Prague had to modify the project and allow As a result Prague had to modify the project and allow access only access only to government and public-sector usesto government and public-sector uses
The project will have a budget of 12 million euros (16 The project will have a budget of 12 million euros (16 million dollars) over five years.million dollars) over five years.
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……/ / EU RegulationEU Regulation
Municipal authorities revised their plans after the Commission Municipal authorities revised their plans after the Commission ruled that the original project « could have crowded out ruled that the original project « could have crowded out investment from private operators by providing unrestricted investment from private operators by providing unrestricted free or subsidised Internet access to the public. » free or subsidised Internet access to the public. »
« Investment in broadband networks is primarily a matter for « Investment in broadband networks is primarily a matter for private companies »private companies »
"State subsidies for such networks are only acceptable if they "State subsidies for such networks are only acceptable if they address a well-defined market failure or cohesion problem,"address a well-defined market failure or cohesion problem,"
European Commissioner for Competition PolicyEuropean Commissioner for Competition Policy
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Consistency with EU position in Consistency with EU position in municipal broadband networksmunicipal broadband networks
Competition Commissioner, seems inconsistent in the application Competition Commissioner, seems inconsistent in the application of EU law. The Commission came down hard on Amsterdam's of EU law. The Commission came down hard on Amsterdam's contribution to the Citynet (FTTH) project. Yet, Vienna is rolling contribution to the Citynet (FTTH) project. Yet, Vienna is rolling out a FTTH network through its wholly owned electricity utility. out a FTTH network through its wholly owned electricity utility. The same is happening in Cologne where the city's utility is rolling The same is happening in Cologne where the city's utility is rolling out a FTTH network. No opposition from the Commission on those out a FTTH network. No opposition from the Commission on those projects despite 100% city participation.projects despite 100% city participation.
Position regarding public investments in Broadband NetworkPosition regarding public investments in Broadband Network• Public investments permitted only in infrastructures not in Public investments permitted only in infrastructures not in
servicesservices• All operators have the same rights to access infrastructureAll operators have the same rights to access infrastructure• Public Private Partnerships : classical model for infrastructures Public Private Partnerships : classical model for infrastructures
only.only.
Municipal wireless projects are being evaluated by the European Municipal wireless projects are being evaluated by the European Commission or challenged in court when public access services Commission or challenged in court when public access services might compete with private-sector offeringsmight compete with private-sector offerings
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More and more Cities’ Initiatives More and more Cities’ Initiatives
Service offered by the
Regional/Local Authorities
Partnership Public/Private with a third party operator
Operator’s own initiative
Public places Ile de France
Brest
Helsinki – Finland
FT : Metz, Poitier, Montpellier…
BT : London, Birmingham, Cardiff, Edimbourg, Leeds, Liverpool, Westminster
All areas Düsseldorf, Germany
Lucerne, Switzlerland
Paris, France
San Francisco, Toronto
Portland, Philadelphia
Pittsburgh, USA
Vancouver, Fredericton
Québec (Wireless Island)
Toronto, Canada
Perth, Australie
Jérusalem, Israël
Johannesburg , South Africa
Taipei , Taiwan
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Gyor, Hungary
Seoul, Korea
Osaka, Japon
O’Spot : Bordeaux
Hambourg, Berlin – Germany
New Zealand
(Communication 2020)
FON* : International
Ozone* : France (Paris, Rennes, Geneve…)
Google : San Francisco
Mountain View
ITEMS International 2007
