Digital Cable Television Broadcasting

Jan.29th 2010Jan.29th 2010Japan Cable Television Engineering Association

(JCTEA)(JCTEA)

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Standardization Organization For Telecommunication & Broadcasting

JCLDpa JCLOperation technical

specification for CATV

DpaOperation technical

specification for radio broadcasting

JCTEATechnical standards for CATV

ARIBTechnical standards for radio

communication & broadcasting

Standardization for Telecommunication &

BroadcastingITU-R ITU-T

Broadcasting

TTCTechnical standard for JCTEA Japan Cable Tele isionTechnical standard for

telecommunication networkJCTEA: Japan Cable Television

Engineering AssociationARIB ：Association of Radio Industries of

BusinessesTTC ：The Telecommunication

Technology Committee

JCL ：Japan Cable LaboratoryDpa ：The Association of Promotion for

Di it l B d ti Technology Committee（ ：Standardization Organization)

Digital Broadcasting

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JCTEA Standards About Network, Equipment, STB & , q p , &Measuring Method For Digital, FTTH & Internet

• STD-001 Conditional Access for Digital Cable Television* J diti lSTD 001 Conditional Access for Digital Cable Television• STD-002 Multiplex System for Digital Cable Television*• STD-003 Service Information for Digital Cable Television*• STD-005 Data Transmission Equipment for Cable Television Network • STD-006 Symbolmark for Cable Television System

Japanese edition only now

*Regarding STDs for Digital Cable Television

• STD-006 Symbolmark for Cable Television System• STD-007 Receiver for Digital Cable Television *• STD-008 BS Digital Broadcasting Pass-through System for Cable Television• STD-009 Method of Measurement for Cable Modem System

STD 010 OFDM Method of Measurement for OFDM Signal Transmission system*• STD-010-OFDM Method of Measurement for OFDM Signal Transmission system*• STD-010-PSK Method of Measurement for PSK Signal Transmission system*• STD-010-QAM Method of Measurement for QAM Signal Transmission system*• STD-011 Pass-through Method for Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting signal over Cable Television

S *System* • STD-012 Head-amplifier for Retransmitting Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting over Cable Television System• STD-013 Transmission System for MDU • STD-014 Optical Network and using Equipments for FTTH Cable Television System• STD-015 Method of Measurement for FTTH Cable Television System• STD-016 Method of Interference Measurement for Cable Television Signal Transmission System • STD-017 Examination Facilities equaled with Actual Cable Television Network for Cable

Television Signal Transmission System g y• STD-018 Optical Network Specification for FTTH Cable Television System• STD-019 Gap-Filler System and its Equipments for Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting• STD-020 Method Of Measurement for Gap-filler System and its Equipments 3

Transmission Signals Of FTTH or HFCTransmission Signals Of FTTH or HFC

Television Signal Modulation Freq. Bandg

Standard Television Broadcasting（Analog Television）

NTSC-VSB-AM

H90～770MHz

HFC

F

Std. Digital Television Broadcasting（Digital Terrestrial Television）

ISBD-TOFDM64QAM F

TTH

Digital Cable Television Broadcasting 64QAM256QAM

Std. Satellite Broadcasting （A l BS T l i i ）

FM BS-IF H（Analog BS Television） (1032-1489MHz)－

Std. Digital Satellite Broadcasting （Digital BS Television）

TC8PSK

Digital Communication Satellite Broadcasting (Digital CS Television) QPSK

CS-IF(1595-2072MHz)

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Retransmission method over Cable-television systemyfor Terrestrial Broadcasting

1. Pass-through method① Received ISDB-T(OFDM) signals are transmitted through cable without any

adjustment(same frequency).② Received ISDB-T(OFDM) signals are transmitted after filtering out individually and adjusting ② ( ) g g y j g

each level.③ Received ISDB-T(OFDM) signals are transmitted after filtering out, converting frequency

and adjusting level, changing channel frequency. (Frequency converted pass-through)④ Digital TV sets on the market are available, its most convenient.

2. Trans-modulation method ① TS ( t t i l b d ti ) i t f d QAM i l bl t l i i① TS (on terrestrial broadcasting) is transferred on QAM signals over cable-television

system without changing of contents, functions, etc.② Only cable television STB is available.

3. Dig-Ana transfer method① Digital audio/video signal is transferred into traditional analog signal(NTSC-VSB-AM)

for conventional analog TV sets.② HD video data service EPG etc are not available② HD video, data service, EPG etc. are not available.

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Retransmission method over Cable-television systemfor Terrestrial Broadcasting

Di it l TV iTerrestrial TV tower Digital TV receiver available at stores

itterPass-through system

Digital TV tunerConventionalSignal processor

Signal processor(Same frequency)

Signal processor(Same frequency)

Signal processor(Same frequency)

MIX

TV n

etw

ork

Spli Pass-through receiving

(OFDM)OFDM

Conventional analog TV receiver

TV antenna

Signal processor(Frequency converting)

erexer

Spl

itter

Cab

le T

Digital TV receiverTSTV antenna

QAM modulator QAM modulator QAM modulator

Mul

tiple

xer

Mul

tiple

xeM

ultip

le

OFDM tuner OFDM tuner OFDM tuner

MIX

Spl

itter

QAM receiving and Pass-through receiving(OFDM)

Cable TV STBTrans-modulation system

Conventional analog TV receiver Cable TV headend

・Digital TV receiver equips terrestrial OFDM tuner, BS tuner, CS tuner・STB equips terrestrial OFDM tuner, QAM tuner, and/or Hard disk memory

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Pass through Retransmission Method(JCTEA STD 011)Pass-through Retransmission Method(JCTEA STD-011)

M

Cablenetwork

Receiver

Terrestrial digitalTV receiver

Terrestrialdigital tuner

Display

MIX

OFDM‐SP

Signal processor

OFDM‐SPOFDM‐SP

UHF470～770MHz

6MHz bandFreq. convert

UHF470～770MHz

OFDM-SP

g

Freq. convert

fn

IF

Output level～110dBμV

fn: Local occ.

IF：Inter. freq,.

Freq. convert VHF／UHFなど90～770MHz

UHF470 770MH

Freq. Convert.6MHz band

OFDM-SP

Transmitting into cable after level adjustment

f1 fn

IF90～770MHz470～770MHz

Output lebel～110dBμV

f1，fn：Local occ.

IF：Inter. freq

f1 fn，

Transmitting into cable after frequency conversion and level adjustment

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Pass-through Method for Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Signals over Cable Television SystemBroadcasting Signals over Cable Television System

(JCTEA STD-011)

BER for received signal at receiver terminal：BER before error correction by Reed Solomon (204,188)： less than１×10－4

＊Desirable BER is not more than 1×10－8 , meaning that about 3dB margin added to １×10－4 , because some equipments example indoor booster etc will be connected on receiver terminalequipments, example indoor booster etc. will be connected on receiver terminal.

OFDM signal processor (SP) performance is specified on 0

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the following items (Example)

1) Quality of OFDM-SP output1 Frequency spectral mask ： Right upper figure -50

-40

-30

-20

-10

相対

レベ

ル　

［dB

］

Rel

ativ

e le

vel

[ dB

]

2 BER ： 1 × 10-4

3 Out-band noise：Right lower figure

2)Rating of OFDM-SP1 A lit d d i ti i i b d ±1 dB

-60

-9 -6 -3 0 3 6 9

中心周波数からの差　［MHｚ］Frequency distance from center [ MHz]

0

1 Amplitude deviation in passing band： ±1 dB2 Group delay deviation in passing band： ±200 ns3 Signal suppression out of band： ≥ 10 dB4 Phase noise of frequency converted carrier： ≤0.5°rms5 S i f f t d i

Rel

ativ

e le

vel

[ dB

]0

0

5 Spurious of frequency converted carrier：-60dB(±6MHz)

Frequency distance from center [ MHz]

-21 0 21

-60

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Multiplex System for Digital Cable Television(JCTEA STD-002)

JCTEA STD-002 describes digital multiplex and digital modulation of digital cable television broadcasting methods by Cable Television Broadcasting Law Enforcement Regulations

Digital broadcasting Head-endInput Signals

BS/CS-IF, RFA/V/D ENC

Multiplex(PSI changed)

Transmissionline

QAMModulation

SI/EPG etc.(PSI changed) Modulation

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Single TS & Multiple TS Multiplexer (JCTEA STD-002)Single TS & Multiple TS Multiplexer (JCTEA STD 002)

Program 1PID：a

Program 2PID：b

Program 3PID：c er

TS A

TS m

ultip

lexe

ecte

d pr

ogra

m Prog.2PID：u

Prog.3PID：ｖ

Prog.4PID：w

Prog.5PID：x

Prog.7PID：y

Prog.8PID：z

TS D (Output TS)Program 4

PID：aProgram 5

PID：bProgram 6

PID：cTS B

PSI／Si d EPG t t d i d t l t h l

Sin

gle

Sele

Program 7PID：a

Program 8PID：b

Program 9PID：c

TS C

Fig 1 Conceptual illustration of single TS multiplexer

・PSI／Si and EPG are restructured in order to select channel.・PID have to be changed to be different PID between each program.・Single TS is used for modulation system of Multi-channel video services.

exer

Fig. 1 Conceptual illustration of single TS multiplexer

Program 1PID：a

Program 2PID：b

Program 3PID：c

TS AProg.1 Prog.2 Prog.3 Prog.7 Prog.8 Prog.9

ple

TS m

ultip

leTS A

Program 4PID：a

Program 5PID：b

Program 6PID：c

TS BProgram 7 Program 8 Program 9

PID：a PID：b PID：c PID：a PID：b PID：cTS C

HeaderTS A

Multiplex frame

・Multiplexer produces multiplex frame by multiple TS formatI t TS lti l d k i d i

Sele

cted

TS

Mul

tiProgram 7PID：a

Program 8PID：b

Program 9PID：c

TS C

・Input TSs are multiplexed keeping program drawing.・PID are not changed because of existing no same PID in a TS.・Multiple TS are used for trans-modulation system of Digital Satellite Broadcasting and Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting

Fig.2 Conceptual illustration of multiple TS multiplexer

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Basic Configuration Of Multiple TS MultiplexerThis multiplexer have a function to multiplex streams of various programs including digital television broadcasting, data broadcasting and on-demand audiovisual services using the MPEG-2 transport stream format as a logical format together with service information containing MPEG-2 program specific information(PSI) into multiple transport stream. It may include another function to multiplex NIT suitable for cable TV network and the related information

Multiplex input

interface

QAM inputinterface

QAM output interface

TS input interface

signal for conditional access with the transport stream.

QAMmodulator

Scrambleencoder

Multi TS

multiplexer１ TＳ signal

R TＳ sig. 1

interface interface

RF or ＩＦ

Signal

QAM

MIX TＳ sig. 1

RF or IF interfa

TＳ sig. 2・・

・ QAMmodulator

ScrambleencoderMulti TS

Multiplexer 2

TＳ signal

ace ・

Test signalＮＩＴ／Multi-frame header information

Related information

(EMM/ECM)

Ks Ks Ks : Encryption Scramble key ECM : Entitlement Control Message EMM : Entitlement Management Message

(EMM/ECM) g gNIT：Network Information Table TS signal：Transport Stream(MPEG-2 System)

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Basic Configuration Of Single TS Multiplexerg g pThis multiplexer have a function to multiplex streams of various programs including digital television broadcasting, data broadcasting and on-demand audiovisual services using the MPEG-2 transport stream format as a logical format together with service information containing MPEG-2 program specific information(PSI) into a single transport stream It may include another function to multiplex the related information signal for conditional access with the

Input signal i f

Multiplex output QAM input QAM output

stream. It may include another function to multiplex the related information signal for conditional access with the transport stream.

Programsignal

interface interface interface interface

signal

・

MIX

・・

Multipl QAM M d l t

Scrambleencoder MIX

Programsignal

lexer

Modulator

64QAM / 256QAM

encoder

Ks

Related information

Test signalService information

g

Ks : Encryption Scramble key

ECM : Entitlement Control Message Related information

ECM/EMM EMM : Entitlement Management Message

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