Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå Ïðîáëåìè è ïåðñïåêòèâè ïðè ïëàíèðàíåòîÈðèíà Àíãåëîâà

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå Èðèíà Àíãåëîâà

Riverside zone of the city of RuseIrina Angelova

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå Ïðîáëåìè è ïåðñïåêòèâè ïðè ïëàíèðàíåòî

Riverside zone of the city of Ruse Planning problems and perspectives

Èðèíà Àíãåëîâà

Ñåïòåìâðè 2011 ãîäèíà Ðóñå September 2011 Ruse

Irina Angelova

Îáùèíà ÐóñåÏðîåêòúò å îñúùåñòâåí ñúñ ñúäåéñòâèåòî íà Îáùèíà Ðóñå ïî Ïðîãðàìàòà çà ôèíàíñèðàíå íà ïðîåêòè â îáëàñòòà íà èçêóñòâîòî è êóëòóðàòà.

Ëàéúíñ êëóá Ðóñå

Èçäàíèåòî ñå ðàçïðîñòðàíÿâà áåçïëàòíî ñ íåêîìåðñèàëíà öåë.

Ruse MunicipalityThe project is realised with the support of the Municipality of Ruse under the Programme for financing projects in the field of art and culture.

Ruse Lions Club

The issue is disseminated free of charge for non-commercial use.

ISBN 978-954-337-127-3

Online book: www.irinkaangelova.com/blog/album

ÑúäúðæàíèåÁëàãîäàðíîñòè 6Âúâåäåíèå 9 Îáîñíîâêà íà ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâåíèÿ ïðîáëåì Öåë è çàäà÷èÃðàä Ðóñå è ðåêàòà 11 Ïðîåêòíè ïðåäëîæåíèÿ çà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå Õàðàêòåðíè ãðàäîâå íà ðåêà Äóíàâ 23 Ãðàäîâå ñ áîãàòî êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêî íàñëåäñòâî â êðàéáðåæíàòà èâèöà íà ðåêà Äóíàâ 25 Ãðàä Óëì, Ãåðìàíèÿ 26 Ãðàä Ðåãåíñáóðã, Ãåðìàíèÿ 28 Ãðàä Ëèíö, Àâñòðèÿ 30 Ãðàä Çåìóí, Ñúðáèÿ 32Äîáðèòå ïðèìåðè â ñâåòîâíàòà ïðàêòèêà 33 Ïðîìåíàäàòà Ñàìþåë äå ×àìïëàéí â Êâåáåê, Êàíàäà 35 Öåíòðàëíàòà áðåãîâà ëèíèÿ â Òîðîíòî, Êàíàäà 36 Âèñîêàòà ëèíèÿ â Íþ Éîðê, ÑÀÙ 37 Ìîðñêèÿò áðÿã íà Çàäàð, Õúðâàòèÿ 38Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå êàòî ÷àñò îò åâðîðåãèîíà Ðóñå - Ãþðãåâî 39 Òðàíñïîðòíè êîðèäîðè 41 Êóëòóðíè êîðèäîðè 42 Ñèíè êîðèäîðè 43 Çåëåíè êîðèäîðè 44Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà è öåíòúðúò íà ãðàä Ðóñå 45 Èñòîðè÷åñêî ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàä Ðóñå 47 Öåíòðàëíàòà ãðàäñêà ÷àñò â èñòîðè÷åñêîòî ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàäà 48Îöåíêà è ïðîáëåìè íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà 49 Àâòîìîáèëåí òðàíñïîðò íà ãðàä Ðóñå 51 Æåëåçîïúòåí òðàíñïîðò íà ãðàä Ðóñå 52 Çåëåíà ñèñòåìà íà ãðàä Ðóñå 53 Ôóíêöèîíàëíî çîíèðàíå íà ãðàä Ðóñå 54Âèçèÿ çà ðàçâèòèå íà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà 55 Àðõèòåêòóðíî-ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâåíè àñïåêòè íà òåðèòîðèÿòà 57 Àíàëèç íà óëèöè è ïðîñòðàíñòâà 58 Öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà äíåñ 60 Îïîðåí ïëàí 61 Êîíöåïöèÿ 62 Îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíöñòâåíî ðåøåíèå íà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà 65 Âèçóàëèçàöèè íà ïðîåêòíîòî ïðåäëîæåíèå 66 Ïåøåõîäíè ïëîùè â òåðèòîðèè ñ êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêî íàñëåäñòâî 76Èçòî÷íèöè íà èíôîðìàöèÿ 78

Table of ContentsAcknowledgements 6Introduction 9 Justification of th e city planning problem Goal and objectivesThe city of Ruse and the river 11 Project proposals for the riverside zone of the city of RuseCharacterisric towns and cities on the Danube 23 Towns and cities with rich cultural and historical heritage in the riverside area of the Danube river 25 City of Ulm, Germany 26 City of Regensburg, Germany 28 City of Linz, Austria 30 Town of Zemun, Serbia 32The good examples in the world practice 33 The Promenade Samuel-De Champlain in Quebec, Canada 35 The central waterfront in Toronto, Canada 36 The High Line in New York, USA 37 The Riva of Zadar, Croatia 38The riverside zone of the city of Ruse as part of the Ruse – Giurgiu Euroregion 39 Transport corridors 41 Cultural corridors 42 Blue corridors 43 Green corridors 44The riverside zone and the centre of Ruse 45 Historical development of the city of Ruse 47 The central city part in the historical development of the city 48Riverside zone evaluation and problems 49 Road transport in the city of Ruse 51 Rail transport in the city of Ruse 52 Green system of the city of Ruse 53 Functional zoning in the city of Ruse 54Vision for development of the central riverside zone 55 Architectural and city planning aspects of the territory 57 Analysis of the spaces and streets 58 The central riverside zone today 60 Basic plan 61 Concept 62 Volumetric and spatial solution to the central Riverside zone 65 Visualisations of the project proposal 66 Pedestrian areas in territories with cultural and historical heritage 76References 78

6

ÁëàãîäàðíîñòèÑïåöèàëíè áëàãîäàðíîñòè êúì âñè÷êè ïðèÿòåëè è ïðîôåñèîíàëèñòè, êîèòî îòäåëèõà âðåìå, ïîìîãíàõà ñ ìàòåðèàëè è áÿõà ñúïðè÷àñòíè íà ïðîöåñà íà ðàáîòà àðõ. Öâåòè Ðóñèíîâ

Íîðä Ïëàí ÎÎÄ Îáùèíà Ðóñå Ëèëè Ãàí÷åâà

Ãëàâåí åêñïåðò â àñîöèàöèÿ Åâðîðåãèîí Äàíóáèóñ

äîö. ä-ð Âàñèë Äîéêîâ Èêîíîìè÷åñêà ãåîãðàôèÿ â óíèâåðñèòåòèòå âúâ Âåëèêî Òúðíîâî è Ðóñå èíæ. Íèêîëàé Ãåí÷åâ

Íà÷àëíèê îòäåë Òåõíè÷åñêè Ïàðàõîäñòâî áúëãàðñêî ðå÷íî ïëàâàíå ÀÄ èíæ. Ãåîðãè ×îíîâ

Ãåî ×îíîâ ÎÎÄ èíæ. Äîáðèí Åôðåìîâ èíæ. Âàëåðè Ìàòååâ

Óïðàâèòåë â Èñòúð èíæåíåðèíã ÎÎÄ èíæ. Íèêîëà Àíãåëîâ

Äèðåêòîð íà Æåëåçîïúòíà ñåêöèÿ - Ðóñå ëàíä. àðõ. Ìèëåí Ñàðèåâ Âåíåòà Ïîïîâà

Îòäåë Òåõíè÷åñêè, Äèðåêöèÿ Õèäðîòåõíè÷åñêà è ïðîåêòè

Èçïúëíèòåëíà àãåíöèÿ Ïðîó÷âàíå è ïîääúðæàíå íà ðåêà Äóíàâ

Íèêîëàé Ìèõàéëîâ Ìèðîñëàâ Ïåòðîâ

Äèðåêòîð íà òåðèòîðèàëíî ïîäåëåíèå Ïðèñòàíèùå Ðóñå

Äúðæàâíî ïðåäïðèÿòèå Ïðèñòàíèùíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà

äîö. ä-ð Äîáðèë Õðèñòîâ ãë. àñ. Äàíèåëà Êàìàðèí÷åâà

Êàòåäðà Áúëãàðñêè åçèê, ëèòåðàòóðà è èçêóñòâî Ôàêóëòåò Ïðèðîäíè íàóêè è îáðàçîâàíèå

Ðóñåíñêè óíèâåðñèòåò Àíãåë Êúí÷åâ

AcknowledgementsSpecial acknowledgements are extended to all friends and professionals who spared time, helped with materials and were supportive of the work process

arch. Tsveti Rusinov

Nord Plan Ltd.

Municipality of Ruse

Lili Gancheva

Chief expert in association Euroregion Danubius

Assoc. Prof. Vasil Doykov, PhD Economic geography in the universities of Veliko Tarnovo and Ruse

eng. Nikolay Genchev

Head of the Technical department at Bulgarian River Shipping JSC

eng. Georgi Chonov

Geo Chonov Ltd.

eng. Dobrin Efremov

eng. Valeri Mateev

Manager of Istar Engineering Ltd.

eng. Nikola Angelov

Director of Railway Section - Ruse

land. arch. Milen Sariev

Veneta Popova

Technical department, Hydrotechnical and projects Dire ctorate

Executive Agency Exploration and Maintenance of the Danube River

Nikolay Mihaylov

Miroslav Petrov

Director of Territorial Division Port Ruse

State-owned Enterprise Port Infrastructure

Assoc. Prof. Dobril Hristov

Chief assistant Daniela Kamarincheva

Bulgarian Language, Literature and Art Department

Natural Sciences and Education Faculty

Angel Kanchev University of Ruse

7

8

9

ÂúâåäåíèåÍàñòîÿùàòà ðàçðàáîòêà å ïðîäúëæåíèå íà äèïëîìíàòà ìè ðàáîòà Ñòðàòåãèÿ çà îáíîâÿâàíå è ðàçâèòèå íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå, çàùèòåíà â Óíèâåðñèòåòà ïî àðõèòåêòóðà, ñòðîèòåëñòâî è ãåîäåçèÿ, Ñîôèÿ ïðåç ÿíóàðè 2011 ãîäèíà.Ïðîåêòúò å îñúùåñòâåí áëàãîäàðåíèå íà ñúäåéñòâèåòî è ïîäêðåïàòà íà ïðåïîäàâàòåëèòå îò êàòåäðà Ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâî - ïðîô. ä-ð àðõ. Âåñåëèíà Òðîåâà, äîö. ä-ð àðõ. Âàëåðè Èâàíîâ è äîö. ä-ð àðõ. Éîðäàí Òúðñàíêîâ. Èçêëþ÷èòåëíà ïîìîù ïîëó÷èõ îò àðõ. Öâåòè Ðóñèíîâ è îò Îáùèíà Ðóñå, êîèòî ñúòðóäíè÷åõà ïðåç öåëèÿ ïðîöåñ íà ðàáîòàòà.Òåìàòà çà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå èçáðàõ, çàùîòî ñúì èçðàñíàëà â íåïîñðåäñòâåíà áëèçîñò äî ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé è ïðåç ãîäèíèòå ñòàíàõ ñâèäåòåë êàê òîé áåøå èçîñòàâåí è çàíåìàðåí. Òåðèòîðèÿòà ïðèòåæàâà ãîëÿì ïîòåíöèàë è íåéíîòî áúäåùå âúëíóâà íå ñàìî ìåí, íî è âñè÷êè ãðàæäàíè è ãîñòè íà ãðàäà.Íàñòîÿùàòà êîíöåïöèÿ ñïîäåëÿ åäíà ìå÷òà, ïîêàçâà ãëåäíàòà òî÷êà íà åäèí ìëàä ÷îâåê ïî åäèí àêòóàëåí âúïðîñ. Íàäÿâàì ñå òîâà äà äîâåäå äî ðàçãîâîðè è äåáàòè ïî òåìàòà, êîèòî ùå ïîëîæàò íà÷àëîòî íà ðàçëè÷íè èíèöèàòèâè çà ïî-äîáðîòî ðàçâèòèå íà ëþáèìèÿ êåé íà ðóñåíöè. Îáîñíîâêà íà ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâåíèÿ ïðîáëåìÐåêà Äóíàâ å åäèí îò îñíîâíèòå ãðàäîîáðàçóâàùè ôàêòîðè, êîéòî îïðåäåëÿ ðàçâèòèåòî íà Ðóñå îò íåãîâîòî âúçíèêâàíå äî äíåñ. Ïðåç ãîäèíèòå öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà ñå å ðàçâèëà êàòî ÷àñò îò ïúòíè÷åñêè è òîâàðåí òåðìèíàë è âèíàãè å áèëà ëèöåòî íà ãðàäà êúì ðåêàòà.Êðàéáðåæíàòà èâèöà å åäèí îò íàé-öåííèòå àêòèâè íà ãðàäà. Ïðåç ïîñëåäíèòå 60 ãîäèíè ñà ðàçðàáîòâàíè ðàçëè÷íè óñòðîéñòâåíè ïëàíîâå êàêòî çà öåíòðàëíàòà ãðàäñêà ÷àñò, òàêà è çà öåëèÿò ïðèëåæàù áðÿã. Ïî ñòå÷åíèe íà îáñòîÿòåëñòâàòà òåçè ïðîåêòè íå ñà îñúùåñòâåíè. Ñåãàøíîòî ñúäúðæàíèå íà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéðå÷íàòà çîíà, äîðè ïðè ïîëîæåíè ãðèæè çà ïîäîáðÿâàíå íà ñúñòîÿíèåòî é, íå óñïÿâà äà ïðèâëå÷å æèòåëèòå è ãîñòèòå íà Ðóñå. È â íàé-ïðèÿòíèòå äíè êðàéáðåæèåòî å ñëàáî ïîñåùàâàíî è íåäîñòàòú÷íî ïðèâëåêàòåëíî. Âå÷åð ïðîñòðàíñòâîòî íå å îñâåòåíî è å îïàñíî çà ðàçõîäêà. Ïðåç ïîñëåäíèòå 20 ãîäèíè íå ñà ïîëàãàíè íèêàêâè óñèëèÿ çà îáëàãîðîäÿâàíåòî íà òåðèòîðèÿòà.Ðàçâèòèåòî íà ðå÷íèÿ òóðèçúì è óâåëè÷àâàùèÿò ñå áðîé íà àêîñòèðàùè ïàñàæåðñêè êîðàáè ñúçäàâàò íåîáõîäèìîñòòà îò èçãðàæäàíåòî íà ñúâðåìåííî ïúòíè÷åñêî ïðèñòàíèùå. Ïðåäè øåñò ãîäèíè ñà èçâúðøâàíè îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíè ïðîó÷âàíèÿ çà èçãðàæäàíå íà íîâ òåðìèíàë ïðè óñëîâèÿòà íà ñåãà äåéñòâàùèÿ ðåãóëàöèîíåí ïëàí.Íåïîñðåäñòâåíî äî êåÿ ïðåìèíàâà êðàéäóíàâñêèÿò ó÷àñòúê íà æåëåçîïúòíàòà ëèíèÿ. Ðàçïîëîæåíà íà íèâîòî íà ïàðêà, òÿ îñúùåñòâÿâà òðàíñïîðòíàòà âðúçêàòà ìåæäó ãàðà Ðàçïðåäåëèòåëíà è ïðîìèøëåíèòå çîíè. Îáùèÿò óñòðîéñòâåí ïëàí, âëÿçúë â ñèëà ïðåç 2006 ãîäèíà, ïðåäâèæäà äåìîíòèðàíå íà òîâà íàïðàâëåíèå îò æåëåçîïúòíèÿ àðåàë íà ãðàäà. Îòäåëåí ÷ðåç ìàñèâåí çåìëåí øêàðï, íà 10 m ïî-âèñîêî îò ïàðêà, ïðåìèíàâà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè.  ìîìåíòà ïðèäâèæâàíåòî íà ïåøåõîäöè è àâòîáóñè å çàòðóäíåíî. Øèðîêèÿò

IntroductionThe present article is a sequel to my master’s thesis, Strategy for renovation and development of the riverside zone of the city of Ruse, defended at the University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Sofia, in January 2011.The project was realised owing to the assistance and support of the lecturers from the Department of Urban Planning - Prof. Veselina Troeva, D. Arch., Assoc. Prof. Valeri Ivanov, D. Arch., and Assoc. Prof. Yordan Tarsankov, D. Arch. Exclusive assistance was extended by arch. Tsveti Rusinov and by the Municipality of Ruse, whose cooperation continued for the entire course of work.I chose the topic of the riverside zone of the city of Ruse as I grew up in close proximity to the Ruse quay park and over the years I witnessed how it was abandoned and left unkept. The territory has great potential and its future worries not only me but also all citizens and guests of the city.The present concept shares a dream, and shows the point of view of a young person on a topical issue. I hope this will lead to discussions and debates on the issue, which will lay the foundations of different initiatives for the better development of Ruse citizens’ favourite quay.Justification of the city planning problemThe Danube River is one of the main urbanisation factors, which has determined the development of Ruse from its origin to date. Over the years, the central riverside zone has developed as part of a passenger and cargo terminal and has always been the face of the city as seen from the river.Different city plans have been developed in the last 60 years both for the central city part and for the entire adjacent bank. Due to concurrence of circumstances, these projects have not been realised. The present content of the central riverside zone, even when care is taken to improve its condition, fails to attract the citizens and guests of Ruse. Even on the most pleasant days the riverside is scarcely visited and insufficiently attractive. In the evenings the territory is not illuminated and is dangerous for walks. No efforts have been made during the last 20 years to improve the territory.The development of river tourism and the increasing number of landing passenger ships make it necessary to construct a modern passenger port. Volumetric and spatial surveys were carried out six years ago for the construction of a new terminal under the provisions of the zoning plan currently in effect.The Danube riverside section of the railway line runs in immediate proximity to the quay. Located on the level of the park, it realises the transport connection between the Marshalling yard and the industrial zones. The City master plan, effective as of 2006, makes provisions for dismantling of this section of the city railway area. Separated by a solid escarpment, Pridunavski Boulevard runs 20 m higher than the park. At present the movement of pedestrians and buses is obstructed. During the day the broad footway is converted into a car park. The plan makes provisions for the expansion of the boulevard, thus promoting the thoroughfare to a higher class and closing the first ring of the city.The big displacement between Pridunavski Boulevard and Ruse Quay Park is overcome with three pedestrian footbridges. They are not secured and do not comply with the modern requirements for such facilities. That is namely why the movement of people with disabilities on the territory is not possible.

10

òðîòîàð ïðåç äåíÿ ñå ïðåâðúùà â ïàðêèíã. Ïëàíúò çàëàãà áóëåâàäðà äà ñå ðàçøèðè, êàòî ñå ïðåâúðíå â ïúòíà àðòåðèÿ îò ïî-âèñîê êëàñ è äà çàòâîðè ïúðâèÿ ðèíã íà ãðàäà.Ãîëÿìàòà äåíèâàëàöèÿ ìåæäó áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè è ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé å ïðåîäîëÿíà ÷ðåç òðè ïàñåðåëêè çà ïåøåõîäöè. Òå íå ñà îáåçîïàñåíè è íå îòãîâàðÿò íà ñúâðåìåííèòå èçèñêâàíèÿ çà òàêèâà ñúîðúæåíèÿ. Èìåííî ïîðàäè òîâà äâèæåíèåòî íà õîðà â íåðàâíîñòîéíî ïîëîæåíèå íà òåðèòîðèÿòà íå å âúçìîæíî.Äíåñ êðàéðå÷íàòà çîíà íà ãðàäà å ïðèîðèòåò, òúé êàòî ïî-ãîëÿìàòà ÷àñò îò èâèöàòà – îò ðóñåíñêèÿ ëèìàí íà çàïàä äî íîâîèçãðàäåíèÿ çèìîâíèê çà ïëàâàòåëíè ñúäîâå íà èçòîê – å îáùèíñêà ñîáñòâåíîñò. Èçðàáîòâàíåòî íà öÿëîñòåí óñòðîéñòâåí ïëàí íà òåðèòîðèÿòà å èçêëþ÷èòåëíî àêòóàëåí âúïðîñ. Öåë è çàäà÷èÖåëòà íà íàñòîÿùàòà ðàçðàáîòêà å äà ïðåäñòàâè íîâà óðáàíèñòè÷íà âèçèÿ çà áúäåùåòî íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà êàòî ÷àñò îò ãðàäà, îò ðåêà Äóíàâ è îò åâðîðåãèîí Ðóñå – Ãþðãåâî. Òàçè öåë ïîñòàâÿ ñëåäíèòå îñíîâíè çàäà÷è:

Èçñëåäâàíå íà ïðèðîäî-ãåîãðàôñêèòå è íà àíòðîïîãåííèòå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè íà òåðèòîðèÿòà, âêëþ÷èòåëíî è íà èñòîðè÷åñêîòî é ðàçâèòèå.

Çàïîçíàâàíå ñ îñíîâíèòå îáùèíñêè è èíâåñòèöèîííè íàìåðåíèÿ. Èçÿñíÿâàíå íà îñíîâíèòå ïðèíöèïè â ìîäåðíèÿ äèàëîã ãðàä – ðåêà â êîíòåêñòà íà

ñúâðåìåííèòå ñâåòîâíè ïðàêòèêè. Îïðåäåëÿíå íà ïðèîðèòåòè çà ðàçâèòèå íà äóíàâñêî êðàéáðåæèå íà Ðóñå.

Ðàçðàáîòêàòà ïðåäñòàâÿ èäåè â ñëåäíèòå àñïåêòè: Ïðåäëîæåíî å ðåøåíèå íà îñíîâíèòå êîìóíèêàöèîííè ïðîáëåìè, ñúçäàâàíå íà

ïúòíè÷åñêèÿ òåðìèíàë è îáíîâÿâàíå íà âðúçêèòå ìåæäó ãðàäà è ïðèëåæàùàòà êðàéðå÷íà òåðèòîðèÿ.

Îñèãóðÿâàíå íà òðàíñïîðòåí äîñòúï äî çîíàòà è îáâúðçàíîñò ñ êîìóíèêàöèîííàòà ñèñòåìà íà ãðàäà. Ïðåäâèæäàíå íà íåîáõîäèìèÿ áðîé ïàðêîìåñòà è îïòèìèçèðàíå íà ïîäõîäèòå êúì ðåêàòà. Íàìàëÿâàíå íà êîíôëèêòèòå ìåæäó àâòîìîáèëíîòî è ïåøåõîäíîòî äâèæåíèå.

Ñúçäàâàíå íà ïîäõîäÿùè çà ìàùàáà íà ãðàäà îáåêòè çà îáñëóæâàíå íà âîäíèÿ òðàíñïîðò è íà âîäíèòå ñïîðòîâå – ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë, ãðåáíà áàçà, ïðèñòàí çà ëîäêè è äð.

Èçãðàæäàíå íà êóëòóðåí öåíòúð, ñúñòîÿù ñå îò ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëíà çàëà çà êîíöåðòè, ïðåäñòàâëåíèÿ, ôîðóìè è òúðæåñòâà ñ íåîáõîäèìèòå îáñëóæâàùè îáåêòè êúì íåãî – ïðèåìíè, èíôîðìàöèîíåí öåíòúð, ðåñòîðàíò, êàôåíå, ïàðêèíã, ñêëàäîâå è äð.

Ôîðìèðàíå íà ïàðêîâà òåðèòîðèÿ ñúñ çîíè çà ðàçõîäêà, íàáëþäåíèå, èãðà, ñïîðò è ñ ðàçäåëíî âåëîñèïåäíî è ïåøåõîäíî äâèæåíèå.

Ïðèëàãàíå íà åëåìåíòè íà ñèíòåçà – ïàìåòíèöè, ñèìâîëè è àêöåíòè, ðàçïîëîæåíè íà ãëàâíèòå îñè è îòêðèòèòå ïðîñòðàíñòâà â òàçè ÷àñò íà ãðàäà.

Today the riverside zone of the city is a priority as its bigger part – from the Ruse firth in the west to the newly constructed winter quarters for vessels in the east – is municipal property. The elaboration of a comprehensive city master plan is an exceptionally topical issue.Goal and objectivesThe goal of the present article is to present a new urbanistic vision of the future of the riverside zone as part of the city, of the Danube River and of the Ruse – Giurgiu Euroregion. This goal sets the following main objectives:

Examination of the natural and geographic and the anthropogenic characteristics of the territory, including its historical development.

Familiarising with the basic municipal and investment intents. Clasification of the basic principles in the modern dialogue city – river in the context of the modern

world practices. Determination of priorities for development of the Danube riverside of Ruse.

The research presents ideas in the following aspects: A solution to the basic communication problems is suggested, by creating the passenger

terminal and renovation of the connections between the city and the adjacent riverside territory. Provision of transport access to the zone and inter-relation with the city communication

system. Estimation of the necessary number of parking places and optimisation of the approaches to the river. Decreasing the conflicts between the car and pedestrian traffic.

Establishing facilities to serve the water transport and the water sports – passenger terminal, boathouse, boat wharf, etc., which are suitable for the size of the city.

Construction of a cultural centre, comprising a multi-functional hall for concerts, performances, forums and festivities, with the necessary service facilities to it – reception rooms, information centre, restaurant, cafe, car park, storage facilities, etc.

Formation of a park territory with zones for walking, observation, play, sport and with separate bicycle and pedestrian traffic.

Application of elements of synthesis – monuments, symbols and accents, located on the main axes and the open spaces in this part of the city.

Ãðàä Ðóñå è ðåêàòàThe city of Ruse and the riverrt

 òåìàòà ñà ðàçãëåäàíè óñòðîéñòâåíè ïëàíîâå çà êðàéáðåæíàòà òåðèòîðèÿ è õàðàêòåðèñòèêèòå íà ñèëóåòà íà ãðàäà äíåñ, îòêúì ðåêàòà.

Ñ ïîìîùòà íà àðõ. Öâåòè Ðóñèíîâ è íà Îáùèíà Ðóñå ñà ñúáðàíè óñòðîéñòâåíè ïðîåêòè, ñúçäàäåíè ïðåç ïîñëåäíèòå 50 ãîäèíè çà êðàéðå÷íàòà çîíà íà ãðàäà. Òîâà âåðîÿòíî íå ñà âñè÷êè òåðèòîðèàëíè ïëàíîâå, íî òóê ñà èçëîæåíè ïî-çíà÷èìèòå îò òÿõ. Ïðåäñòàâåíè ñà ðåøåíèÿ çà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà, çà òåðèòîðèÿòà íà ãðàäà, êàêòî è çà öÿëîòî ðóñåíñêî ïîðå÷èå.

Îáùèÿò ãðàäîñòðîèòåëåí ïëàí îò 1959 ãîäèíà ñ ðúêîâîäèòåë àðõ. Óçóíîâ ïîêàçâà êàê áè èçãëåæäàë ãðàäúò áåç êðàéäóíàâñêèÿ ó÷àñòúê íà æeëåçîïúòíàòà ëèíèÿ. Äåìîíòèðàíåòî íà òîâà íàïðàâëåíèå íàëàãà èçãðàæäàíåòî íà æåëåçîïúòåí âúçåë äî Çàïàäíà ïðîìèøëåíà çîíà, êîéòî äà îñúùåñòâè òðàíñïîðòíèÿ äîñòúï äî íåÿ.

60-òå ãîäèíè íà ìèíàëèÿ âåê ñå õàðàêòåðèçèðàò ñ òúðñåíå íà ïðîáèâ îò öåíòðàëíèÿ ïëîùàä êúì êåÿ. Ïðåç 1968 ãîäèíà ñå ïðîâåæäà ìàùàáåí íàöèîíàëåí êîíêóðñ. Âñè÷êè àâòîðè òúðñÿò ãëàâåí ïîäõîä êúì ðåêàòà, íÿêîè åêèïè çàëàãàò è íà âòîðè÷íè âðúçêè.

Ïðîåêòúò çà áëàãîóñòðîéñòâî îò 1976 ãîäèíà ñ ðúêîâîäèòåë èíæ. Áîÿäæèåâà ïðåäñòàâÿ òåðèòîðèÿòà íà ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé â ñúñòîÿíèå, êîåòî ñå äîáëèæàâà äî äíåøíîòî.

 êðàÿ íà 80-òå ãîäèíè àòåëèå Ãåíïëàí ðàçðàáîòâà ïðîåêò çà öåíòðàëíàòà ÷àñò íà ãðàäà. Çàëîæåíè ñà çîíè çà îáùåñòâåíî îáñëóæâàíå è áîãàòî îçåëåíÿâàíå â êðàéáðåæíàòà òåðèòîðèÿ.

 íà÷àëîòî íà 90-òå ãîäèíè ñå ñúçäàâà öÿëîñòåí ïðîåêò ïî ïðîòåæåíèå íà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè. Ïðåäëîæåíî å àâòîìîáèëíîòî äâèæåíèå äà ñëåçå íà íèâîòî íà æåëåçîïúòíàòà ëèíèÿ è öÿëàòà êîìóíèêàöèÿ äà ñå ïîêðèå ñ ïðîñòðàíñòâåíà êîíñòðóêöèÿ. Çàìèñëåíàòà íîâà ïëîù å àêòèâíî óñâîåíà ñ íîâè îáùåñòâåíè ñãðàäè.

Ïîñëåäíèòå èäåè çà òàçè òåðèòîðèÿ ñà îò 2005 ãîäèíà. Äúðæàâíîòî ïðåäïðèÿòèå Ïðèñòàíèùíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà îðãàíèçèðà êîíêóðñ çà îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíî ïðîó÷âàíå è èçãðàæäàíå íà íîâ ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë. Îñíîâà íà çàäàíèåòî å ñåãà äåéñòâàùèÿò ðåãóëàöèîíåí ïëàí íà ãðàäà. Åäèí îò åêèïèòå ïðåóñòðîéâà çîíàòà îêîëî ðå÷íàòà ãàðà, äîêàòî äðóãèòå ïðåäëàãàò èíòåðåñíè ðåøåíèÿ â ÷àñòòà îò âèòèÿ ìîñò äî õîòåë Ðèãà.

Íå âåäíúæ ñà ðàçðàáîòâàíè ïëàíîâå çà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà è çà öÿëàòà áðåãîâà èâèöà íà ðåêà Äóíàâ. Âàðèàíòèòå ãåíåðèðàò ðàçëè÷íè çîíè íà àêòèâíîñò, àêöåíòèðàò âúðõó îòäåëíè ïðîáëåìè, íî ãîëÿìà ÷àñò îò ïðåäñòàâåíèòå èäåè îñòàâàò íåîñúùåñòâåíè è äî äíåñ.

Òúé êàòî ñåãà íÿìà ðåäîâíè ëèíèè, ïðåäëàãàùè ðàçõîäêà ïî ðåêàòà, àâòîðêàòà ïúòóâà íà êîðàá÷åòî Ðîæåí ïðåç àâãóñò 2010 ãîäèíà, ñ ïîäêðåïàòà íà Ïàðàõîäñòâî Áúëãàðñêî ðå÷íî ïëàâàíå ÀÄ. Íàïðàâåíèòå ôîòîãðàôèè ñà ñúáðàíè â åäèí îáù ñèëóåò, êîéòî ïîêàçâà ãðàäà îò Äóíàâ ìîñò äî âõîäà íà Ðóñåíñêà êîðàáîñòðîèòåëíèöà ÀÄ.

The topic discusses development plans for the riverside territory and the characteristics of the city outlineurestoday, as seen from the river.o

Development projects for the riverside zone of the city, elaborated in the last 50 years, were gathered with the doohelp of arch. Tsveti Rusinov and the Municipality of Ruse. Probably these are not all territorial plans, but those benepresented here in are the more significant of them. The article presents solutions for the central riverside zone, sthnfor the territory of the city, as well as for the entire river valley near Ruse.tof

The city master plan of 1959 with lead architect arch. Uzunov demonstrates how the city would look like 1pwithout the Danube riverside section of the railway line. The dismantling of this section necessitates thethruconstruction of a railway junction to West Industrial Zone, which will implement the transport access to it. ty

The 1960s were characterised by the search for a break from the central square to the quay. A vast nationalaeccompetition was held in 1968. All authors sought a main approach to the river, and some teams even relied on rsecondary connections.e

The development project of 1976, headed by eng. Boyadzhieva, presented the territory of the ect Ruse Quayu Park yin a condition that approximates the current one.oa

At the end of the 80se Genplane studio elaborated a project for the central part of the city. It made provisionsvtfor public service zones and rich landscaping in the riverside territory.e

A comprehensive project along ce Pridunavski Boulevard was created in the beginning of the 1990s. It suggestedugthat the car traffic should descend to the level of the railway line and that the entire communication should besedccovered with a spatial structure. The planned new area was actively utilised with new public buildings.swtp

The last ideas about this territory date back from 2005. The State-owned o Portt Infrastructure organised a tender dfor a volumetric and spatial survey and construction of a new multifunctional passenger terminal. ptaThe assignment was based on the city zoning plan in effect at that time. One of the teams reorganised theeswzone around the riverside station, whereas the others suggested interesting solutions in the part from the oerspiral bridge to RigaRi hotel.e

Plans for the central riverside zone and for the entire Danube riverside have repeatedly been developed.pretThe variants generate different zones of activity and emphasise on different problems, but a large part of the tfepresented ideas still remain unrealised to date.ms

As there are no regular lines offering a voyage on the river at present, the author sailed on the ship tlr RozhenR inAugust 2010 with the financial support ofh Bulgarian River Shipping JSC. The photographs made are collected opgin a general outline showing the city from Danube Bridge to the entrance ofwn Ruse Shipyard R JSC.

13

Ðóñå. Îáù ãðàäîñòðîèòåëåí ïëàí. Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Óçóíîâ, 1959 ãîäèíà.

Ðóñå. Öåíòúð. Îïîðåí ïëàí è èäååí çàñòðîèòåëåí ïëàí. Ðúêîâîäèòåëè: àðõ. Ã. Ïëèí÷åâ è àðõ. Ì. Ñàâîâ, 1966 ãîäèíà.Ruse. Centre. Basic plan and concept development plan. Lead architects: arch. G. Plinchev and arch. M. Savov, 1966.

Ruse. City master plan. Lead architect: arch. Uzunov, 1959.

14

Íàöèîíàëåí êîíêóðñ çà öåíòðàëíàòà ãðàäñêà ÷àñò íà Ðóñå. Êîíöåïöèè íà âñè÷êè åêèïè, 1968 ãîäèíà.National tender for the central city part of Ruse. Concepts of all teams, 1968.

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Åâã. ÈâàíîâLead architect: arch. Evg. Ivanov

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Õð. Êîâà÷åâLead architect: arch. Hr. Kovachev

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Èâ. ÀâðàìîâLead architect: arch. Iv. Avramov

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Èâ. ÑèâðåâLead architect: arch. Iv. Sivrev

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Ê. ßðúìîâLead architect: arch. K. Yaramov

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Í. ÊàìåíîâLead architect: arch. N. Kamenov

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Í. ÍèêîëîâLead architect: arch. N. Nikolov

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Ð. ÈâàíîâLead architect: arch. R. Ivanov

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Àñ. ÃîðàíîâLead architect: arch. As. Goranov

Ðúêîâîäèòåë: ïðîô. àðõ. Ñòîè÷êîîâLead architect: Prof. arch. Stoichkov

Ãðàä

Ðóñ

å è

ðåêà

òà

The

city

of R

use

and

the

river

15

Ðóñå. Áëàãîóñòðîÿâàíå è îçåëåíÿâàíå Êåÿ. Ðúêîâîäèòåë: èíæ. Ð. Áîÿäæèåâà, 1976 ãîäèíà.Ruse. Quay development and landscaping. Lead architect: eng. R. Boyadzhieva, 1976.

Ðóñå. Öåíòðàëíà ãðàäñêà ÷àñò. Àòåëèå Ãåíïëàí. Ðúêîâîäèòåëè: àðõ. Ï. Èâàíêèí è èíæ. Ð. Ðàäêîâ, 1989 ãîäèíà.Ruse. Central city part. Genplan Studio. Lead architects: arch. P. Ivankin and eng. R. Radkov, 1989.

16

Ãðàä

Ðóñ

å è

ðåêà

òà

Ðóñå. Äèðåêòèâåí ïëàí çà ðàöèîíàëíî ïîëçâàíå êðàéáðåæèåòî íà ðåêà Äóíàâ – I-âè âàðèàíò. Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. À. Ñòîåâ, áåç äàòà.Ruse. Directive plan for rational utilisation of the Danube riverside – Ist variant. Lead architect: arch. À. Stoev, date unavailable.

Ðóñå. Äèðåêòèâåí ïëàí çà ðàöèîíàëíî ïîëçâàíå êðàéáðåæèåòî íà ðåêà Äóíàâ – II-ðè âàðèàíò. Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. À. Ñòîåâ, áåç äàòà.Ruse. Directive plan for rational utilisation of the Danube riverside – IInd variant. Lead architect: arch. À. Stoev, date unavailable.

The

city

of R

use

and

the

river

17Ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ íà Ïðèäóíàâñêè áóëåâàðä. Åêèï: àðõ. Öâ. Ðóñèíîâ, àðõ. Ñ. Ðàíãåëîâ è àðõ. Äð. Ñòîÿíîâ, 1992 ãîäèíà.Reconstruction of Pridunavski Boulevard. Team: arch. Tsv. Rusinov, arch. S. Rangelov and arch. Dr. Stoyanov, 1992.

Ñèëóåò êúì ðåêàòà

Ñèòóàöèîíåí ïëàí

Outline to the river

Situation plan

18

Ãðàä

Ðóñ

å è

ðåêà

òà

Öåíòðàëíà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà, Ðóñå. Ïëàí ñõåìà çà òåðèòîðèàëíà ñòðóêòóðà. Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. Ñ. Àëåêñèåâà, 2002 ãîäèíà.Central riverside area, Ruse. Territorial structure plan. Lead architect: arch. S. Aleksieva, 2002.

The

city

of R

use

and

the

river

19

Äúðæàâíî ïðåäïðèÿòèå Ïðèñòàíèùíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà. Êîíêóðñ çà îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíî ïðîó÷âàíå çà èçãðàæäàíå íà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë â çîíàòà íà Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé, ãðàä Ðóñå. Åêèï ñ ðúêîâîäèòåë àðõ. É. Áîÿäæèåâ, 2005 ãîäèíà.

State-owned enterprise Port Infrastructure. Tender procedure for volumetric and spatial survey for construction of a multi-functional passenger terminal in the area of Central Passenger Quay, city of Ruse. Lead architect: arch. Y. Boyadzhiev, 2005.

Ïàíîðàìåí èçãëåä – ìîíòàæ â çîíàòà íà öåíòðàëåí êåé Panoramic view – installation in the zone of the central quay

Îñíîâåí ÷åðòåæ íà ïðîåêòíîòî ïðåäëîæåíèå Basic drawing of the project proposal

Ôîòî ïàíîðàìà ïî óëèöà Ñëàâÿíñêà êúì Ðå÷íà ãàðà – ñúùåñòâóâàùî ïîëîæåíèå (ëÿâî) è ïðîåêòíî ïðåäëîæåíèå çà çàñòðîÿâàíå (äÿñíî)

Âúçäóøíà ôîòî ïàíîðàìà íà ðàéîíà îêîëî Äúëáîêèÿ ïúò - ñúùåñòâóâàùî ïîëîæåíèå (ëÿâî) è ïðîåêòíî ïðåäëîæåíèå (äÿñíî)

Photo panorama along Slavyanska Street to the Riverside station – existing situation (left) and project proposal for development (right)

Aerial photo panorama of the area around Dalbokiya Pat - existing situation (left) and project proposal for development (right)

20

Ãðàä

Ðóñ

å è

ðåêà

òà

Äúðæàâíî ïðåäïðèÿòèå Ïðèñòàíèùíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà. Êîíêóðñ çà îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíî ïðîó÷âàíå çà èçãðàæäàíå íà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë â çîíàòà íà Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé, ãðàä Ðóñå. Åêèï: àðõ. Ë. Ìèëåâ, àðõ. Ç. Ñòàìáîëèåâà è àðõ. Ã. Òîíåâ, 2005 ãîäèíà.

State-owned enterprise Port Infrastructure. Tender procedure for volumetric and spatial survey for construction of a multi-functional passenger terminal in the area of Central Passenger Quay, city of Ruse. Team: arch. L. Milev, arch. Z. Stambolieva and arch. G. Tonev, 2005.

Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé. Êîíöåïöèÿ çà òåðèòîðèàëíà è ôóíêöèîíàëíà ñòðóêòóðà è çîíèðàíå, óñòðîéñòâåíè ðåæèìè.Central passenger quay. Concept for territory and functional structure and zoning, urban development regimes.

Èçãëåä êúì ïîëèôóíêöèîíàëíà ñãðàäàView of the polyfunctional building

Èçãëåä êúì àìôèòåàòúðView of the amphitheatre

The

city

of R

use

and

the

river

21

Äúðæàâíî ïðåäïðèÿòèå Ïðèñòàíèùíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà. Êîíêóðñ çà îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíî ïðîó÷âàíå çà èçãðàæäàíå íà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë â çîíàòà íà Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé, ãðàä Ðóñå. Åêèï ñ ðúêîâîäèòåë àðõ. Ì. Äèìîâà, 2005 ãîäèíà.

State-owned enterprise Port Infrastructure. Tender procedure for volumetric and spatial survey for construction of a multi-functional passenger terminal in the area of Central Passenger Quay, city of Ruse. Lead architect: arch. M. Dimova, 2005.

Ñõåìà – êîìóíèêàöèè, ïîäõîäè, îáñëóæâàíå, ìÿñòî è çíà÷èìîñò â ãðàäñêàòà ñòðóêòóðàDrawing – communications, approaches, service, location and importance in the city structure

Ôîòîìîíòàæ íà êîðàáåí ïîñðåùà÷ àòðàêöèîí ïðè ïîíòîí ¹ 6 – äåí (ëÿâî) è íîù (äÿñíî)Photomontage of a ship reception facility at pontoon No. 6 – during the daytime (left) and at nighttime (right)

Ôîòîìîíòàæ íà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàëPhotomontage of a multifunctional passenger terminal

Ôîòîìîíòàæ íà ïàíîðàìíà êàôåòåðèÿ ïî ñêàëàòàPhotomontage of a panoramic cafeteria on the rock

22

Ãðàä

Ðóñ

å è

ðåêà

òà

Äúðæàâíî ïðåäïðèÿòèå Ïðèñòàíèùíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà. Êîíêóðñ çà îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíî ïðîó÷âàíå çà èçãðàæäàíå íà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë â çîíàòà íà Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé, ãðàä Ðóñå. Ðúêîâîäèòåë: àðõ. É. Äèìèòðîâ, 2005 ãîäèíà.

State-owned ånterprise Port Infrastructure. Tender procedure for volumetric and spatial survey for construction of a multifunctional passenger terminal in the area of Central Passenger Quay, city of Ruse. Lead architect: arch. Y. Dimitrov, 2005.

Àãëîìåðàöèÿ Ðóñå – Ãþðãåâî. Õèïîòåçà çà ðàçâèòèå.

Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé – ìíîãîôóêöèîíàëåí òåðìèíàë. Êðàéáðåæåí ñèëóåò.

Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé – ìíîãîôóêöèîíàëåí òåðìèíàë. Óñòðîéñòâåí ðåæèì. / Central passenger quay – multifunctional terminal. Urban development regime.

Ruse – Giurgiu agglomeration. Hypothesis for development.

Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé – ìíîãîôóêöèîíàëåí òåðìèíàë. Îáùà ñõåìà.

Central passenger quay – multifunctional terminal. General scheme.

Central passenger quay – multifunctional terminal. Riverside outline.

Õàðàêòåðíè ãðàäîâå íà ðåêà ÄóíàâCharacterisric towns on the DanubeDc

Âòîðàòà òåìà ïðåäñòàâÿ ãðàäîâå ïî ðåêà Äóíàâ, êîèòî èìàò ïëîù è íàñåëåíèå áëèçêè äî òåçè íà Ðóñå: Óëì è Ðåãåíñáóðã â Ãåðìàíèÿ, Ëèíö â Àâñòðèÿ, Çåìóí â Ñúðáèÿ. Ïðåäñòàâåíè ñà îùå ÷åòèðè ïðèìåðà, êîèòî ïðèòåæàâàò êóëòóðåí ïîòåíöèàë îò ðàçëè÷íè èñòîðè÷åñêè ïåðèîäè, ïîäîáåí íà íàøèÿ ãðàä. Âñè÷êè òå èìàò òðàäèöèè â íåìàòåðèàëíîòî êóëòóðíî íàñëåäñòâî, ñâúðçàíî ñ ðåêàòà, êîåòî å àêòèâíà ÷àñò îò æèâîòà íà ãðàäîâåòå äíåñ. Ðàçãëåäàíè ñà îñíîâíèòå ñúáèòèÿ, êîèòî ñå ïðîâåæäàò âñÿêà ãîäèíà, è óñòðîéñòâåíèÿò ïëàí çà ðàçâèòèå íà Ðåãåíñáóðã.Îñíîâíè òåíäåíöèè â óðáàíèñòè÷íîòî ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàäîâåòå ïî ðåêà Äóíàâ

Êðàéðå÷íèòå òåðèòîðèè íà ãðàäîâåòå ñå çàùèòàâàò îò ïðåêîìåðíî çàñòðîÿâàíå. Ïî ïðîòåæåíèå íà öÿëîòî êðàéáðåæèå ñå ðàçâèâàò çîíè çà îòäèõ íà íàñåëåíèåòî, ÷èéòî ñâúðçâàù åëåìåíò å ðåêà Äóíàâ.

Çàëèâíèòå òåðàñè ñå èçïîëçâàò êàòî åñòåñòâåíà çåëåíà îñ, êîÿòî ñå ñâúðçâà ñúñ çåëåíàòà ñèñòåìà íà öåëèÿ ãðàä.

Êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêîòî íàñëåäñòâî â êðàéáðåæíàòà èâèöà íà ðåêà Äóíàâ ñå èíòåãðèðà â ñúâðåìåííàòà ñòðóêòóðà íà ãðàäîâåòå. Êðåïîñòíèòå ñãðàäè äíåñ èçïúëíÿâàò ìóçåéíè ôóíêöèè.

Ñúçäàâàò ñå íîâè îáùåñòâåíè ñãðàäè íà áðåãà, êîèòî ñå ïðåâðúùàò â ñèìâîëè íà ãðàäîâåòå.

Åæåãîäíî ñå ïðîâåæäàò ìàñîâè ìåðîïðèÿòèÿ è ïðàçíèöè, ñâúðçàíè ñ ðåêàòà. Òåíäåíöèÿòà å ïóáëèêàòà äà å àêòèâåí ó÷àñòíèê â ïîäãîòîâêàòà íà ñúáèòèÿòà, à íå ñàìî òåõåí ïàñèâåí êîíñóìàòîð.

The second topic presents towns and cities on the Danube which have area and population similarnvspto that of Ruse: Ulm and Regensburg in Germany, Linz in Austria, and Zemun in Serbia. Four more ua:examples are presented, which have cultural potential from different historical periods that is similar shtpto our city. All of them have traditions in the intangible cultural heritage related to the river, which wemois an active part of the life in the towns and cities today. The topic considers the main events heldtnertevery year and the city development plan of Regensburg.tBasic trends in the urbanistic development of the towns and cities on the Danubeeci

The riverside territories of the towns and cities are protected against excessive development. msoe Recreation zones for the population are developed along the entire riverside, whose connecting noo element is the Danube.h

The floodplain terraces are used as a natural green axis, which is connected to the green system oai of the entire town or city.o

The cultural and historical heritage in the riverside area of the Danube is integrated sa in the modern structure of the towns and cities. The fortress buildings today perform museum sncr functions.

New public buildings are erected on the bank, which become symbols of the towns and cities. bgb Annual river-related mass events and celebrations are held. The tendency is towards the public p r

becoming an active participant in the preparation of the events, and not only their passive eden consumer.

Char

acte

risric

tow

ns o

n th

e D

anub

e

25

Ãðàäîâå ñ áîãàòî êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêî íàñëåäñòâî â êðàéáðåæíàòà èâèöà íà ðåêà ÄóíàâTowns and cities with rich cultural and historical heritage in the riverside area of the Danube

Ñìåäåðoâñêàòà êðåïîñò, ÑúðáèÿÏîñòðîåíà ïðåç 1430-òà ãîäèíà, òÿ îãðàæäà ñðåäíîâåêîâåí ãðàä, êîéòî èìà î÷åðòàíèå íà íåïðàâèëåí òðèúãúëíèê. Ïëîùòà, çàòâîðåíà îò êðåïîñòíèòå ñòåíè, å ïîâå÷å îò 10 ha.Smederevo Fortress, SerbiaBuilt in 1430, it surrounds a medieval town, which has the outline of an irregular triangle. The area enclosed by the fortress wall exceeds 10 ha.

Êðåïîñòòà Ãîëóáàö, ÑúðáèÿÏðåç XIV-òè âåê íà æäðåëîòî Æåëåçíè Âðàòà, äî ïëàíèíàòà Ðèäàí, å ïîñòðîåíà êðåïîñòòà Ãîëóáàö. Åäèí îò íàé-èíòåðåñíèòå è äîáðå ñúõðàíåíè ìåñòíè ñðåäíîâåêîâíè ïàìåòíèöè, äíåñ å âõîäåí ïóíêò çà ïðèðîäíèÿ ïàðê Äæåðïàí.Golubac Fortress, SerbiaThe Golubac Fortress was built in 14 c. on the Iron Gates gorge, next to Ridan Mountain. One of the most interesting and well-preserved local medieval monuments, today it is an entrance point to the Djerpan national park.

Áàçèëèêàòà â Åñòåðãîì, ÓíãàðèÿÏîñòðîåíà ïðåç 1856 ãîäèíà, òîâà å åäíà îò íàé-êðàñèâèòå ðåíåñàíñîâè ñãðàäè íà Åâðîïà è íàé-ãîëÿìàòà â Óíãàðèÿ.Estergom Basilica, HungaryBuilt in 1856, it is one of the most beautiful Renaissance buildings in Europe and the largest one in Hungary.

Êðåïîñòòà Ïåòðîâàðàäèí â Íîâè Ñàä, ÑúðáèÿÓêðåïëåíèåòî Ïåòðîâàðàäèí å åäíî îò íàé-äîáðèòå ïîñòèæåíèÿ íà åâðîïåéñêàòà âîåííà àðõèòåêòóðà îò âòîðàòà ïîëîâèíà íà XVII-òè âåê. Â ïîäíîæèåòî íà êðåïîñòòà ïðåìèíàâàò ïîäçåìíè ãàëåðèè è âðúçêè, äúëãè 16 km.Petrovaradin Fortress in Novi Sad, SerbiaPetrovaradin Fortress is one of the best achievements of the European military architecture dating back from the second half of 17 c. The foot of the fortress is cut across by underground galleries and connections with length of 16 km.

Õàðà

êòåð

íè ã

ðàäî

âå í

à ðå

êà Ä

óíàâ

26

Ñâåòëèííà ñåðåíàäàÑâåòëèííà ñåðåíàäà å øîó ïî âîäà, êîåòî ïðåäøåñòâà òðàäèöèîííèÿ ïðàçíèê Êëåòâà, ïðîâåæäàí ïðåç þëè. Ïëàâàùè ôåíåðè ñâåòÿò â ïðîòåæåíèå íà êèëîìåòðè ïî ðåêà Äóíàâ. Øåñòâèåòî å ñúïðîâîäåíî ñúñ çàðÿ îò ôîéåðâåðêè. Ìîñòîâåòå, ñâúðçâàùè äâàòà áðÿãà íà ðåêàòà, ñà ñïåöèàëíî äåêîðèðàíè ñ íåîíîâè ëàìïè. Ïèùíî óêðàñåíè ôîíòàíè è ÿðêè öâåòîâå îñâåòÿâàò Äóíàâà. Âïå÷àòëÿâàùèÿò ñïåêòàêúë å íà÷àëîòî íà ïðàçíèêà Êëåòâà è ðîìàíòè÷íèÿ óèêåíä â Óëì.

Serenade of LightsSerenade of Lights is a show on the water that precedes the traditional holiday Oath Monday, held in July. Floating lanterns glow for kilometers on the Danube. The procession is accompanied by a firework display. The bridges connecting the two banks of the river are specially decorated with neon lamps. The Danube is illuminated by magnificently adorned fountains and bright colours. The impressive show is the beginning of the holiday Oath Monday and the romantic weekend in Ulm.

Ulmer JoustingEarly in the morning, two weeks before Oath Monday, begins the Ulmer Jousting. Every four years 300 participants, dressed in traditional costumes, reenact history. In pairs, and in small boats, they contest in a tournament, called Jousting. Lance in hand, each one tries to push the opponent into the river. Only the participants who have managed to stay dry continue in the tournament. The event is accompanied by dances and drum music which are characteristic of the region.

Ãðàä Óëì, Ãåðìàíèÿ; 122 000 æèòåëè; ëÿâ áðÿã; 477 m íàäìîðñêà âèñî÷èíà; km 2568City of Ulm, Germany; population 122,000; left bank; elevation 477 m; km 2568

Òóðíèðúò íà ÓëìÐàíî ñóòðèí, äâå íåäåëè ïðåäè Êëåòâà, çàïî÷âà òóðíèðúò íà Óëì. Íà âñåêè ÷åòèðè ãîäèíè 300 ó÷àñòíèöè, îáëå÷åíè â òðàäèöèîííè êîñòþìè ïðåñúçäàâàò èñòîðèÿòà. Ïî äâîéêè, â ìàëêè ëîäêè, òå ñå ñúñòåçàâàò â òóðíèð, íàðå÷åí Óæèëâàíå. Ñ êîïèå â ðúêà âñåêè ñå îïèòâà äà íàòèñíå ïðîòèâíèêà â ðåêàòà. Ó÷àñòíèöèòå, êîèòî ñà îñòàíàëè ñóõè, ïðîäúëæàâàò ñúñòåçàíèåòî. Ñúáèòèåòî å ñúïðîâîäåíî îò õàðàêòåðíè çà ðåãèîíà òàíöè è ìóçèêà ñ áàðàáàíè.

Char

acte

risric

tow

ns o

n th

e D

anub

e

27

Êàðíàâàëíî øåñòâèå ïî ðåêà Äóíàâ Êóëìèíàöèÿòà íà ïðàçíèêà Êëåòâà å êàðíàâàëíîòî øåñòâèå ïî âîäà Íàáàäà. Ëîäêè, äåêîðèðàíè ïî òåìàòè÷åí íà÷èí, ÷ðåç êàðèêàòóðè ïðåñúçäàâàò ñöåíè îò ïîëèòè÷åñêèÿ è îáùåñòâåí æèâîò íà ñòðàíàòà. 60 000 çðèòåëè ñå íàñëàæäàâàò íà øåñòâèåòî â ïðîäúëæåíèå íà 7 êèëîìåòðà. Âñè÷êè ïðèñúñòâàùè ñå íàñî÷âàò êúì êðàÿ íà îòñå÷êàòà è âëèçàò â ðåêàòà. Àêî ìåòåîðîëîãè÷íèòå óñëîâèÿ ñà íåáëàãîïðèÿòíè, â ïðàâîúãúëíàòà êóëà íà ãðàäñêàòà êàòåäðàëà ñå èçäèãà ÷åðâåíà êîøíèöà, ñèãíàëèçèðàùà çà îòëàãàíåòî íà øåñòâèåòî.

Õîêåòå Âå÷åðòà ïðàçíèêúò Êëåòâà ïðîäúëæàâà ïîä îòêðèòî íåáå, êàòî ñå îðãàíèçèðàò òúðæåñòâà â ðàçëè÷íè ÷àñòè íà èñòîðè÷åñêèÿ öåíòúð. Åäíà ÷àñò îò õîðàòà ñå íàñëàæäàâàò íà ìóçèêà íà æèâî íà ìàëêè ñöåíè è êóëèíàðíèòå èçêóøåíèÿ ïî ïàâèëèîíèòå íà ñòàðèÿ ãðàä. Äðóãàòà ÷àñò îò ïðàçíóâàùèòå ñå íàñî÷âàò êúì ãðàäñêèÿ ïàðê, êúäåòî ãè ïðèâëè÷àò êîíóñîîáðàçíè ñâåòëèíè.

HoketeIn the evening Oath Monday continues in the open, by organising celebrations in different parts of the historical centre. Part of the people enjoys live music on small stages and the culinary temptations in the pavilions in the old town. Another part of the celebrating people head for the city park, where they are attracted by coneshaped lights.

Carnival procession on the DanubeThe culmination of the Oath Monday is the carnival procession on the river, called Nabada. Boats, decorated thematically with caricatures, reenact scenes from the political and social life of the country. 60,000 spectators enjoy the procession for a stretch of 7 kilometres. All attendees head for the end of the stretch and go into the river. If the weather conditions are unfavourable, a red basket is raised in the rectangular tower of the city cathedral, signalling the postponement of the procession.

Õàðà

êòåð

íè ã

ðàäî

âå í

à ðå

êà Ä

óíàâ

28

Ïðîñòðàíñòâåíà ñòðóêòóðà è ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâåíî ïëàíèðàíåÓñòðîéñòâåíèÿò ïëàí íà Ðåãåíñáóðã å åäíà óñïåøíà ñúâðåìåííà ñòðàòåãèÿ, êîÿòî ðàçâèâà ìîäåëà íà êðàéðå÷åí ãðàä. Îñíîâíèòå çàëîæåíè ïðèíöèïè ñà:

Òîïîãðàôèÿòà êàòî ìîäåë íà ðàçâèòèå. Ñïåöèôè÷íèÿò ðåëåô íà ðå÷íèòå äîëèíè è îêîëíèòå õúëìîâå ñå ðàçãëåæäàò è îôîðìÿò êàòî åäèí ìîäåë. Ñòðóêòóðàòà íà êðàéðå÷åí ãðàä å ÿñíî ÷åòèìà.

Öåíòðîâå íà êâàðòàëèòå.  êâàðòàëèòå, êîèòî ñà â íåïîñðåäñòâåíà áëèçîñò äî ãðàäñêèÿ öåíòúð, ñå îáåçïå÷àâàò è ðàçâèâàò ïðîñòðàíñòâåíè è ôóíêöèîíàëíè âòîðè÷íè öåíòðîâå.

Îáðàçîâàòåëíî ïðîñòðàíñòâî. Ïóáëè÷íîòî ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñúçäàâà ñèëíà èäåíòè÷íîñò, êàòî îôîðìÿ òâîð÷åñêè ãëàâíèòå è âòîðîñòåïåííèòå ïîäõîäè.

Êîíñòðóèðàíå íà ñãðàäèòå. Ñúçäàäåíè ñà åäèííè ïðàâèëà çà ïðîïîðöèîíàëíîñò è äèçàéí íà ïîñòðîéêèòå âúâ âñåêè åäèí êâàðòàë, ïîä÷èíåíè íà ñòðàòåãèÿòà íà öåëèÿ ãðàä.

Ñïåöèàëíè ñèòóàöèè. Ñúçäàäåíè ñà ñïåöèàëíè óñëîâèÿ çà èíòåãðèðàíåòî íà òúðãîâñêèòå ïëîùè è óíèâåðñèòåòñêèòå ñãðàäè â ñòðóêòóðàòà íà ãðàäà.

Spatial structure and city planningRegensburg’s city plan is a successful modern strategy, which develops the model of a riverside city. The main underlying principles are:

Topography as model of development. The specific relief of the river valleys and the surroundng hills are taken into consideration and formed as a model. The structure of the riverside city is clearly readable.

Centres of the residential districts. Spatial and functional secondary centres are provided and developed in the residential districts located in immediate proximity to the city centre.

Educational sphere. The public sphere creates a strong identity by creatively shaping the main and secondary approaches.

Construction of the buildings. Unified rules for proportion and design of the buildings in each residential district are established, governed by the strategy for the entire city.

Special situations. Special conditions are created for the integration of the commercial areas and the university buildings into the city structure.

Ãðàä Ðåãåíñáóðã, Ãåðìàíèÿ; 131 500 æèòåëè; ëÿâ áðÿã; 330 m íàäìîðñêà âèñî÷èíà; km 2379City of Regensburg, Germany; population 131,500; left bank; elevation 330 m; km 2379

Òðèàòëîíúò â ÐåãåíñáóðãÅæåãîäíîòî ñúñòåçàíèå å íàé-ãîëÿìîòî ñïîðòíî ñúáèòèå â îáëàñòòà, ñâúðçàíî ñ ðåêà Äóíàâ.

The Triathlon in RegensburgThe annual competition is the biggest sporting event related to the Danube in the region.

Char

acte

risric

tow

ns o

n th

e D

anub

e

29

City environment formThe plan considers the city environment from the visitor’s viewpoint and through the effect that the environment has on people. It changes dynamically in the course of time and with the views of the popula-tion. The aim is to meet people’s requirements for orientation, diversity, identity, security, “homeland”, beauty, and harmony. It is considered on two levels:

level of the region – the one which we define specifically every day: I live in Tsarski Livadi.

level of the whole city – unity of the identity: I come from Regensburg.

Ôîðìà íà ãðàäñêà ñðåäàÏëàíúò ðàçãëåæäà ãðàäñêàòà ñðåäà îò ãëåäíà òî÷êà íà ïîñåòèòåëÿ è ÷ðåç åôåêòà, êîéòî ñðåäàòà îêàçâà âúðõó õîðàòà. Òÿ ñå ïðîìåíÿ äèíàìè÷íî ñ òå÷åíèå íà âðåìåòî è âúçãëåäèòå íà íàñåëåíèåòî. Öåëòà å äà ñå îòãîâîðè íà íóæäèòå íà õîðàòà çà îðèåíòèðàíå, ðàçíîîáðàçèå, èäåíòè÷íîñò, ñèãóðíîñò, “ðîäåí êðàé”, êðàñîòà, õàðìîíèÿ. Ðàçãëåæäà ñå íà äâå íèâà:

íèâî íà ðàéîíà - òîâà, êîåòî êîíêðåòíî îïðåäåëÿìå åæåäíåâíî: Àç æèâåÿ â Öàðñêè ëèâàäè.

íèâî íà öåëèÿ ãðàä - åäèíñòâî íà èäåíòè÷íîñòòà: Àç ñúì îò Ðåãåíñáóðã.

Open space StructureOne of the main goals of the plan is that the open spaces should preserve their functions and be in the interest of the sustainable urban development.The basic paradigm underlying the city plan about the river is: Development and expansion of the riverside zones of the Danube – corridor for leisure time and rest, by taking into consideration the necessary protection against floods. To achieve this goal, the following are introduced:

forest massifs, which are the main source of clean air for the city, called “green rings”. The riverside flood plain terraces are preserved intact, as much as this is possible;

open spaces connecting different residential districts, called “green rooms”. These are intensively planned regions - parks, cemeteries, sports grounds, children’s playgrounds, gardens;

the radial structure of the city is complete with “green corridors”.

Ñòðóêòóðà Îòâîðåíî ïðîñòðàíñòâîÅäíà îò îñíîâíèòå öåëè íà ïëàíà å îòêðèòèòå ïðîñòðàíñòâà äà ñúõðàíÿò ôóíêöèèòå ñè è ÷ðåç ãðàäñêè äèçàéí äà ñà â èíòåðåñ íà óñòîé÷èâîòî ãðàäñêî ðàçâèòèå.Îñíîâíàòà ïàðàäèãìà, çàëîæåíà â ïëàíà íà ãðàäà çà ðåêàòà å: Ðàçâèòèå è ðàçøèðÿâàíå íà êðàéáðåæíèòå çîíè íà ðåêà Äóíàâ – êîðèäîð çà ñâîáîäíî âðåìå è îòäèõ, êàòî ñå âçåìå ïðåäâèä íåîáõîäèìàòà çàùèòà îò íàâîäíåíèÿ. Çà äà ñå ïîñòèãíå öåëòà, ñå âúâåæäàò:

äúðâåñíè ìàñèâè, êîèòî ñà îñíîâåí èçòî÷íèê íà ÷èñò âúçäóõ çà ãðàäà, íàðå÷åíè „çåëåíè ïðúñòåíè“. Êðàéáðåæíèòå çàëèâíè òåðàñè ñå çàïàçâàò íåïîêúòíàòè, äîêîëêîòî òîâà å âúçìîæíî;

îòêðèòè ïðîñòðàíñòâà, êîèòî ñâúðçâàò îòäåëíè êâàðòàëè, íàðå÷åíè „çåëåíè ñòàè“. Òîâà ñà èíòåíçèâíî ïëàíèðàíè ðàéîíè - ïàðêîâå, ãðîáèùà, ñïîðòíè, äåòñêè ïëîùàäêè, ãðàäèíè;

ðàäèàëíàòà ñòðóêòóðà íà ãðàäà ñå äîâúðøâà îò „çåëåíè êîðèäîðè“.

Õàðà

êòåð

íè ã

ðàäî

âå í

à ðå

êà Ä

óíàâ

30

2007

1990

1995

1988

1994

1980

Ñúáèòèÿ, ñâúðçàíè ñ ðåêàòàÌóçèêàëåí ôåñòèâàë Îáëàöè îò çâóöè

Îò 1987-ìà ãîäèíà äâà ìèëèîíà ïîñåòèòåëè åæåãîäíî ñå íàñëàæäàâàò íà òðè îáëàêà â Äóíàâñêèÿ ïàðê:

Îáëàê Âèçóàëèçàöèÿ – âñÿêà ãîäèíà íàä âîäàòà ñå èçâèñÿâà íîâ äèçàéí, ïðèäðóæåí îò ìóçèêà, ñâåòëèíè è ôîéåðâåðêè.

Äåòñêèÿò îáëàê Òåëåêîì ñå ïðîâåæäà çà íàé-ìàëêèòå ïîñåòèòåëè.

Îáëàêúò îò çâóöè Êëàñèêà îòêðèâà ôåñòèâàëà ïðåä êîíöåðòíàòà çàëà Àíòîí Áðóêíåð.

River-related eventsCloud of Sound music festival Ever since 1987, two million visitors every year have enjoyed three clouds in the Danube park:

Visualisation cloud – every year a new design rises above the water, accompanied by music, lights and fireworks.

Children’s Telecom cloud is held for the youngest visitors. The Classic Cloud of Sound opens the festival in front of the Anton Bruckner concert hall.

Linz FestThe space by the river, between the Lentos Museum of Modern Art and the concert hall, is converted into a free open-air stage during the week of Whitsunday. Established in 1990 as Linz Fest, today this lively and diverse festival has become a constant feature of the city’s cultural life. The visitors of the fest can enjoy stars from the local stage as well as worldfamous musicians. The fest is accompanied by a regatta, musical evenings and literary readings.

Ãðàä Ëèíö, Àâñòðèÿ; 189 500 æèòåëè; äåñåí áðÿã; 250 m íàäìîðñêà âèñî÷èíà; km 2135City of Linz, Austria; population 189,500; right bank; elevation 250 m; km 2135

Ôåñòèâàëúò íà ãðàä ËèíöÏðîñòðàíñòâîòî äî ðåêàòà, ìåæäó ìóçåÿ çà ñúâðåìåííî èçêóñòâî Ëåíòîñ è êîíöåðòíàòà çàëà, ñå ïðåâðúùà â áåçïëàòíà ñöåíà íà îòêðèòî ïðåç íåäåëÿòà íà Ïåòäåñåòíèöà. Ñúçäàäåí ïðåç 1990 ãîäèíà êàòî Ïðàçíèê íà Ëèíö, äíåñ òîçè îæèâåí è ðàçíîîáðàçåí ôåñòèâàë ñå å ïðåâúðíàë â ïîñòîÿííà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà íà êóëòóðíèÿ æèâîò íà ãðàäà. Ïîñåòèòåëèòå íà ïðàçíèêà ìîãàò äà ñå íàñëàäÿò íà çâåçäè îò ìåñòíàòà ñöåíà è íà ñâåòîâíî èçâåñòíè ìóçèêàíòè. Ïðàçíèêúò å ñúïðîâîäåí îò ðåãàòà, ìóçèêàëíè âå÷åðè è ëèòåðàòóðíè ÷åòåíèÿ.

Char

acte

risric

tow

ns o

n th

e D

anub

e

31

Èçëîæáåí öåíòúð Àðñ ÅëåêòðîíèêàArs Electronica Exhibition Center

Ìóçåé çà ñúâðåìåííî èçêóñòâî ËåíòîñLentos Museum of Modern Art

Lentos Museum of Modern Art The museum was launched in 2003 and is a successor to the Modern Art Gallery in Linz, one of Austria’s most important museums. The exhibition programme and the wide range of events are governed by the following principles:

Art as a means of understanding of the world Art as a catalyst for experiencing the different moments in life Art as a means for drilling of social opportunities Art as an environment for living

Courses for students in different subjects are held in the summer. The studio of the museum is a platform for creative experiments.

Ars Electronica Exhibition CenterA digital art centre has existed in Linz for more than 30 years. In 2009, a new building for the institution was erected. Situated on the left bank of the Danube and illuminated by light-emitting diodes, the shape of the new building resembles a ship. The international platform for digital art and culture with area of 6,500 m2 is divided into four parts:

Avantgarde festival Hi-tech exhibition Museum dedicated to the mission of sharing knowledge and skills Media lab for artists

Through Ars Electronica Exhibition Centre the digital revolution is presented in a way that is accessible for all ages and population layers.

Èçëîæáåí öåíòúð Àðñ ÅëåêòðîíèêàÏîâå÷å îò 30 ãîäèíè â Ëèíö ôóíêöèîíèðà öåíòúð çà äèãèòàëíî èçêóñòâî. Ïðåç 2009 ãîäèíà å ïîñòðîåíà íîâà ñãðàäà çà èíñòèòóöèÿòa. Ðàçïîëîæåíà íà ëåâèÿ áðÿã íà ðåêà Äóíàâ, îñâåòåíà ñúñ ñâåòîäèîäè, ôîðìàòà íà íîâàòà ñãðàäà íàïîäîáÿâà êîðàá. Ìåæäóíàðîäíàòà ïëàòôîðìà çà äèãèòàëíî èçêóñòâî è êóëòóðà ñ ïëîù îò 6500 m2 å ðàçäåëåíà íà ÷åòèðè ÷àñòè:

Àâàíãàðäåí ôåñòèâàë Èçëîæåíèå çà âèñîêè òåõíîëîãèè Ìóçåé, ïîñâåòåí íà ìèñèÿòà çà ñïîäåëÿíå íà çíàíèÿ è óìåíèÿ Ìåäèéíà ëàáîðàòîðèÿ çà àðòèñòè

×ðåç èçëîæáåíèÿ öåíòúð Àðñ Åëåêòðîíèêà öèôðîâàòà ðåâîëþöèÿ å ïðåäñòàâåíà ïî äîñòúïåí çà âñè÷êè âúçðàñòè è ñëîåâå íà íàñåëåíèåòî íà÷èí.

Ìóçåé çà ñúâðåìåííî èçêóñòâî ËåíòîñÌóçåÿò å îòêðèò ïðåç 2003 ãîäèíà è å ïðèåìíèê íà Ãàëåðèÿòà çà ñúâðåìåííî èçêóñòâî íà ãðàä Ëèíö, åäèí îò íàé-âàæíèòå ìóçåè â Àâñòðèÿ. Èçëîæáåíàòà ïðîãðàìà è øèðîêèÿò êðúã îò ìåðîïðèÿòèÿ ñà ïîä÷èíåíè íà ñëåäíèòå ïðèíöèïè:

Èçêóñòâîòî êàòî ñðåäñòâî çà ðàçáèðàíå íà ñâåòà Èçêóñòâîòî êàòî êàòàëèçàòîð çà ïðåæèâÿâàíå íà îòäåëíèòå ìîìåíòè íà æèâîòà Èçêóñòâîòî êàòî ñðåäñòâî çà ñîíäèðàíå íà ñîöèàëíè âúçìîæíîñòè Èçêóñòâîòî – ñðåäà çà æèâîò

Ïðåç ëÿòîòî ñå ïðîâåæäàò êóðñîâå çà ó÷åíèöè ñ ðàçëè÷íà òåìàòèêà. Àòåëèåòî íà ìóçåÿ å ïëàòôîðìà çà òâîð÷åñêè åêñïåðèìåíòè.

Õàðà

êòåð

íè ã

ðàäî

âå í

à ðå

êà Ä

óíàâ

32Çàâåäåíèÿòà íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà è ÿõòåíîòî ïðèñòàíèùå / Catering establishments in the riverside zone and the marina

Ãðàä Çåìóí, Ñúðáèÿ; 145 700 æèòåëè; äåñåí áðÿã; 80 m íàäìîðñêà âèñî÷èíà; km 1174Town of Zemun, Serbia; population 145,700; right bank; elevation 80 m; km 1174

Äîáðèòå ïðèìåðè â ñâåòîâíàòà ïðàêòèêàGood examples in the world practice

Êðàéáðåæíèòå òåðèòîðèè ñà åäíè îò íàé-êðàñèâèòå è òÿõíîòî ðàçâèòèå ïîñòàâÿ ðåäèöà ïðåäèçâèêàòåëñòâà â ñâåòîâåí ìàùàá. Ïðåäñòàâåíè ñà ÷åòèðè ðàçëè÷íè ïðèìåðà îò Êàíàäà, ÑÀÙ è Õúðâàòèÿ. Ðàçãëåäàíè ñà ïðîåêòè, êîèòî èëþñòðèðàò ñúâðåìåííè ïîäõîäè è ðàçëè÷íî îòíîøåíèå êúì ñðåäàòà. Îñíîâíè ïðèíöèïè, çàëîæåíè â ïðîåêòèòå:

×ðåç åëåìåíòèòå íà äèçàéíà èñòîðèÿòà è êóëòóðàòà íà òåðèòîðèÿòà ñå èíòåãðèðàò â ñúâðåìåííèòå óñòðîéñòâåíè ðåøåíèÿ. Ðåãèîíàëíàòà èäåíòè÷íîñò ñå ñúçäàâà ÷ðåç ãðàäñêè ìåáåëè, âäúõíîâåíè îò ïðèðîäàòà â êîíêðåòíàòà çîíà.

Ïðè ôóíêöèîíàëíîòî çîíèðàíå â òåðèòîðèèòå ñå çàëàãàò íîâè ðåøåíèÿ, êîèòî êîíòðàñòèðàò ñ èñòîðèÿòà íà ðåãèîíà. Ïî òîçè íà÷èí ñðåäàòà ñå àêòèâèçèðà è ïðåîáðàçÿâà.

Îðãàíèçèðàò ñå ïóáëè÷íè ïðîñòðàíñòâà è àòðàêöèè â êðàéáðåæíèòå çîíè, êîèòî îñúùåñòâÿâàò êîíòàêòà ñ îòäåëíèòå ÷àñòè îò ãðàäà.

Îáíîâÿâàò ñå âðúçêèòå îò ãðàäà êúì êðàéáðåæíèòå òåðèòîðèè. Íà ìåñòàòà, êúäåòî ôóíêöèèòå íà òåðèòîðèÿ ãî èçèñêâà, ñå ñúçäàâàò íîâè ïîäõîäè.

Waterfront territories are some of the most beautiful ones and their development poses a numberueatof challenges on a global scale. Four different examples are presented from Canada, USA and ndonCroatia. The research considers projects that illustrate modern approaches and a different attitude tottcsthe environment. nBasic principles underlying the projects:de

The history and culture of the territory are integrated into the modern development solutions ortn through the design elements. The regional identity is formed through city urban inspired by the bgd nature in the particular zone.u

The functional zoning in the territories relies on new solutions, which contrast with the history of thna the region. In this way the environment is activated and transformed.dwn

Public spaces and attractions are organised in the waterfront zones that implement the contact otas with the different parts of the town or city.ae

The connections from the city to the waterfront territories are renovated. New approach facilities avo are created in the places where required by the functions of the territory.rpn

Goo

d ex

ampl

es in

the

wor

ld p

ract

ice

35

Ïðîìåíàäàòà èçãðàæäà ïóáëè÷íè ïðîñòðàíñòâà, îðèåíòèðàíè êúì ñâîáîäíîòî âðåìå. Ðåêîíñòðóèðàíà å áðåãîâàòà èâèöà, êàòî îñíîâíàòà öåë íà ïðîåêòà å äà ñå ñúçäàäå êðàñèâ áóëåâàðä ñ ïîíèæåíà ïðîïóñêëèâîñò. Âèñîêèòå ñêîðîñòè ñà îãðàíè÷åíè, êàòî ñà îáðàçóâàíè èçêóñòâåíè êðèâè.Èñòîðèÿòà è ðåãèîíàëíàòà èäåíòè÷íîñò íà ïðîñòðàíñòâîòî ñà ïðåäñòàâåíè ÷ðåç ñëåäè îò ïðèðîäíîòî è êðàéáðåæíî íàñëåäñòâî. 2,5-êèëîìåòðîâàòà èâèöà å ðèòìè÷íî ðàçäåëåíà îò ÷åòèðè ãðàäèíè. Êåÿò íà äúðâåòàòà å ãëàâíèÿò âõîä, êîéòî îòâåæäà ïîñåòèòåëèòå äî ïàâèëèîí è èçêóñòâåíî åçåðî. Êåÿò íà ìúãëèòå ñúçäàâà íåïîâòîðèìè ãëåäêè, êîèòî ìîãàò äà ñå íàáëþäàâàò îò êàìåííè áëîêîâå ñðåä èçêóñòâåíî ñúçäàäåíà ìúãëà. Êåÿò íà âîäàòà ñúõðàíÿâà çåëåíèòå âúëíè íà ðåêàòà. ßòà îò ïòèöè, êîèòî ñå íîñÿò îêîëî áðåãîâèÿ ìàñèâ, ìîãàò äà ñå âèäÿò íà Êåÿ íà âÿòúðà ïðåç âñè÷êè ñåçîíè íà ãîäèíàòà.

The promenade creates free-time-orientated public spaces. The coastal area is reconstructed, and the main goal of the project is to create a beautiful boulevard with reduced permeability. The high speeds are limited by introducing artificial curves.

The history and the regional identity of the space are represented through traces of the natural and waterside heritage. The 2.5-kilometre stretch is rhythmically divided by four gardens. The Quay of Trees is the main entrance, which leads the visitors to a pavilion and an artificial lake. The Quay of Fogs creates unique sights, which can be observed from granite blocks amidst the artificially created fog. The Quay of Water preserves the green waves of the river. Flocks of birds flying around the beach massif can be seen at the Quay of Wind in all seasons of the year.

Ïðîìåíàäàòà Ñàìþåë äå ×àìïëàéí â Êâåáåê, ÊàíàäàThe promenade Samuel-de Champlain in Quebec, Canada

Äîá

ðèò

å ïð

èìåð

è â

ñâåò

îâíà

òà

ïðàê

òèê

à

36

Ñëåä äåñåòèëåòèÿ íà ïëàíèðàíå å èçãðàäåíà öÿëîñòíà âèçèÿ çà ðàçâèòèå íà 3,5-êèëîìåòðîâàòà áðåãîâà èâèöà îêîëî åçåðîòî Îíòàðèî. Ñúâðåìåíåí äèçàéí ñúñ ñèëà è ïðîñòîòà ïðåîäîëÿâà ñúùåñòâóâàùèÿ øóì è ñúçäàâà ÷óâñòâî çà èäåíòè÷íîñò. Ïðåäëîæåíè ñà ÷åòèðè èíèöèàòèâè:

Ïðîìåíàäàòà ïî ðúáà íà âîäàòà ñ ïîðåäèöàòà îò ïåøåõîäíè ìîñòîâå å ìÿñòî çà ðàçõîäêà è ïî÷èâêà.

Êåÿò å îáíîâåí è ñà îôîðìåíè íîâè ïóáëè÷íè ïðîñòðàíñòâà. Âúëíîîáðàçíàòà ïàëóáà ñ âúðõîâå çà ïúðçàëÿíå å ãëàâíàòà àòðàêöèÿ.

Ïîðåäèöàòà îò ïëàâàùè åëåìåíòè âúâ âîäàòà ñà ïðåäíàçíà÷åíè çà íàé-ìàëêèòå ïîñåòèòåëè.

Ñúæèâåíè ñà îñíîâíèòå âðúçêè îò ãðàäà êúì ðåêàòà.

Following decades of planning, a comprehensive vision for the development of the 3.5-kilometre beach area around Lake Ontario has been created. A modern design with its strength and simplicity overcomes the existing noise and builds the sense of identity. Four initiatives are suggested:

The pedestrian zone by the water with the series of pedestrian bridges is the place for a walk and rest.

The quay is renovated and new public spaces are formed. The undulating platform with slopes for sliding is the main attraction.

The series of floating elements in the water is designed for the youngest visitors.

The main connections from the city to the river have been revived.

Öåíòðàëíàòà áðåãîâà ëèíèÿ â Òîðîíòî, ÊàíàäàThe Central waterfront in Toronto, Canada

Goo

d ex

ampl

es in

the

wor

ld p

ract

ice

37

Âèñîêà ëèíèÿ å æåëåçîïúòíà ëèíèÿ, ïîñòðîåíàòà ïðåç 30-òå ãîäèíè íà ìèíàëèÿ âåê, ïî êîÿòî ñå å ïðåâîçâàë äîáèòúê êúì íþéîðêñêèòå êëàíèöè â çàïàäíàòà ÷àñò íà Ìàíõàòúí. Ïðèñúñòâèåòî é å áåëÿçàëî öÿëàòà îêîëíîñò ïðåç ïîñëåäíèòå 75 ãîäèíè. Ñëåä îêîí÷àòåëíîòî é èçîñòàâÿíå ïðåç 80-òå ãîäèíè íà ìèíàëèÿ âåê îò ñèìâîë íà ïðîãðåñà òÿ ñå ïðåâðúùà â îïàñíî ìÿñòî.Ïðåç 1999 ãîäèíà ïèñàòåëÿò Äæîøóà Äåéâèä è õóäîæíèêúò Ðîáúðò Õàìúíä ðåøàâàò äà ñå áîðÿò çà ñïàñÿâàíåòî é êàòî ÷àñò îò ñðåäàòà. Ïðîåêòúò öåëè äà ïðåâúðíå òàçè èíäóñòðèàëíà òðàíñïîðòíà ëèíèÿ â ïîñòèíäóñòðèàëåí åëåìåíò çà ñâîáîäíî âðåìå. Ñëåä 10 ãîäèíè áîðáà å ñúçäàäåí ãðàäñêè ïàðê îò íîâ òèï. Îáùåñòâåíèòå ïðîñòðàíñòâà ðàçêðèâàò ïîðàçÿâàùè ãëåäêè êúì íàé-çàáåëåæèòåëíèòå ÷àñòè íà ðåêà Õúäñúí è íà Ìàíõàòúí.

High Line is the railway line built in the 1930s on which cattle was transported to the New York abattoirs in West Manhattan. Its existence has left its mark on the entire locality in the last 75 years. After its final abandonment in the 1980s, from a symbol of progress it became a dangerous place.

In 1999 writer Joshua David and artist Robert Hammond decided to advocate for its preservation as part of the environment. The project aims at converting this industrial transport line into a post-industrial element for the free time. After 10 years of struggling, a city park of a new type was created. The public spaces reveal astonishing views to the most remarkable parts of the Hudson River and Manhattan.

Âèñîêàòà ëèíèÿ â Íþ Éîðê, ÑÀÙHigh Line in New York, USA

Äîá

ðèò

å ïð

èìåð

è â

ñâåò

îâíà

òà

ïðàê

òèê

à

38

Ïðåç 2005 ãîäèíà å èçãðàäåí ïúðâèÿò â ñâåòà îðãàí, íà êîéòî ñâèðè ìîðåòî. Èíñòàëàöèÿòà å îò òðúáè, â êîèòî ìîðñêîòî âúëíåíèå âêàðâà âúçäóõ.  çàâèñèìîñò îò ãîëåìèíàòà è ñèëàòà íà âúëíèòå àêîðäèòå ñúçäàâàò ðàçëè÷íè çâóöè. Òàçè íîâà ïîïóëÿðíà àòðàêöèÿ âäúõâà æèâîò íà ñòàðèÿ ãðàä.  íåïîñðåäñòâåíà áëèçîñò äî îðãàíà â íàñòèëêàòà ñà èíñòàëèðàíè ôîòîâîëòàè÷íè ïàíåëè. Òå àêóìóëèðàò ñëúí÷åâàòà åíåðãèÿ è ðèñóâàò ðàçëè÷íè îáðàçè.Äî XIX-òè âåê òîâà ïðîñòðàíñòâî å áèëî çàåòî îò âúíøíèÿ ïðúñòåí íà ôîðòèôèêàöèîííà ñèñòåìà, êîÿòî å çàùèòàâàëà ãðàäà îò íàïàäàòåëè. Ñëåä íàñòúïâàíåòî íà ìèðíè âðåìåíà ïðúñòåíúò å ïðåìàõíàò è ïðåâúðíàò â êðàñèâî îçåëåíåíà ñðåäà. Äíåñ òîâà îòâîðåíî êúì ìîðåòî ìÿñòî å ïðåêðàñíî çà ðàçõîäêà êàêòî äåíåì, òàêà è âå÷åð.

In 2005 the first organ in the world played by the sea was built. The installation is made of pipes, which the sea waves fill with air. Depending on the size and the strength of the wave, the chords create different sounds. This new popular attraction breathes life into the old town. Photovoltaic panels are installed in the pavement in close proximity to the organ. They accumulate solar power and draw different images.

Until 19 century this space was occupied by the outside ring of the fortification system, which protected the town against invaders. After peaceful times set in, the ring was removed and converted into a beautifully landscaped environment. Today this open to the sea place is wonderful for a walk both during daytime and in the evening.

Ìîðñêèÿò áðÿã íà Çàäàð, ÕúðâàòèÿThe Riva of Zadar, Croatia

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå êàòî ÷àñò îò åâðîðåãèîíà Ðóñå — ÃþðãåâîThe riverside zone of the city of Ruse and the Ruse — Giurgiu Euroregionuov

Çà ðàçëèêà îò ïðèâåäåíèòå ïðèìåðè íà ãðàäîâåòå ïî Äóíàâà, Ðóñå è Ãþðãåâî ñà ðàçïîëîæåíè îò åäíàòà ñòðàíà íà ñðåùóïîëîæíèòå áðåãîâå íà ðåêàòà. Ðåäèöà óñòðîéñòâåíè ïðîáëåìè âúçíèêâàò ïðè òåðèòîðèàëíîòî ðàçðàñòâàíåòî íà ãðàäîâåòå. Äíåñ ðàçëè÷íàòà íàöèîíàëíîñò è ãîëÿìàòà øèðèíà íà ðåêàòà ñà åäíè îò îñíîâíèòå ôàêòîðè, êîèòî òðÿáâà äà ñå ïðåîäîëåÿò, çà äà ñå ïîäîáðè îáùîòî èì ñåëèùíî ðàçâèòèå. Òåìàòà ïðåäñòàâÿ îñíîâíèòå ïðèðîäíè è êóëòóðíè öåííîñòè, êîèòî ñå íàìèðàò â åâðîðåãèîíà Ðóñå – Ãþðãåâî. Ñâúðçâàíåòî èì â öÿëîñòíà òóðèñòè÷åñêà ñèñòåìà ìîæå äà áúäå îáåäèíÿâàùîòî çâåíî â áúäåùåòî íà äâàòà ãðàäà.Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà íà åâðîðåãèîíàÎáùèíà Ðóñå å ðàçïîëîæåíà â Ñåâåðîèçòî÷íà Áúëãàðèÿ è ãðàíè÷è ñ îáùèíèòå Ñëèâî ïîëå, Âÿòîâî, Èâàíîâî è Êóáðàò. Öåíòúðúò íà îáùèíàòà ñå ïðîñòèðà ñåâåðîèçòî÷íî îò óñòèåòî íà ðåêà Ðóñåíñêè Ëîì. Ðóñå çàåìà çàïàäíàòà ÷àñò îò íàé-ãîëÿìàòà êðàéäóíàâñêà íèçèíà – Ïîáðåæèå. Òåðèòîðèÿòà íà ãðàäà èìà î÷åðòàíèÿòà íà åëèïñà, îðèåíòèðàíà ñ ãîëÿìàòà ñè îñ óñïîðåäíî íà ðåêàòà â ïðîòåæåíèå íà 11 km. Îáùèíà Ãþðãåâî ñå íàìèðà â þæíàòà ÷àñò íà Ðóìúíèÿ, â ðàâíèíèòå îò ëÿâàòà ñòðàíà íà Äóíàâà. Ãðàäúò å íà ðàçñòîÿíèå 64 êì îò ñòîëèöàòà Áóêóðåù. Îêðúã Ãþðãåâî ñå íàìèðà â ðåãèîí Ìóíòåíèÿ, ñúñòàâåí å îò åäíà ìóíöèïèÿ – Ãþðãåâî, äâà ãðàäà ñúñ ñàìîñòîÿòåëíî ñàìîóïðàâëåíèå Áîëèíòèí-Âàëå è Ìèõàéëåùè è 50 ìàëêè îáùèíè.

Unlike the submitted examples of the Danubian towns, cities Ruse and Giurgiu are locatedosdonly on one of the opposite river banks. A number of planning issues arise in the softerritorial expansion of the towns. Today the different nationality and the great width aonof the river are some of the main factors which need to be united to improve their commonoeeeurban development. mThe topic presents the main natural and cultural values located in the Ruse-Giurgiu nheEuroregion. Their connection in a comprehensive tourist system may be the unifying nlink in the future of the two towns.rEuroregion characteristicseaThe Municipality of Ruse is located in Northeastern Bulgaria and borders Rton the municipalities of Slivo Pole, Vyatovo, Ivanovo and Kubrat. The centre Tspof the municipality spreads northeast of the mouth of the Rusenski Lom. Ruse occupies pspthe western part of the largest Danube riverside lowlands - Pobrezhie. The outline of the etacity territory is oval, orientated with its large axis parallel to the river on a stretch of 11 km. 1voThe Municipality of Giurgiu is situated in Southern Romania, in the plains on the left bank bGtof the Danube. The town lies 64 km from the capital Bucharest. The district of Giurgiu Ttis located in Muntenia region, and comprises one municipality – Giurgiu, two towns Mwith independent government – Bolintin-Vale and Mihàilesti, and 50 communes.oe

Ëåãåíäà / Key

Ïúò I-âè êëàñ / I class road

Ïúò II-ðè êëàñ / II class road

Ïúò III-òè êëàñ / III class road

Îáùèñíêè ïúò / Municipal road

Ìàãèñòðàëà â ñòðîåæ / Motorway under construction

ÆÏ ëèíèÿ / Railway line

- Ïðèñòàíèøå / Port

- Ëåòèùå / Airport

Öåíòðàëíà àâòîãàðà / Central bus station

Öåíòðàëíà æï ãàðà / Central railway station

The

river

side

zon

e of

the

city

of R

use

and

the

Ruse

– G

iurg

iu E

uror

egio

n

41

Ïðåç òåðèòîðèÿòà íà åâðîðåãèîíà ïðåìèíàâàò:

Êîðèäîð ¹ 7, òðàíñåâðîïåéñêèÿò âîäåí ïúò Ðåéí – Ìàéí – Äóíàâ îò Ðîòåðäàì äî Ñóëèíà.

Êîðèäîð ¹ 9, êîéòî ñâúðçâà Ñåâåðíà, Ñðåäíà è Èçòî÷íà Åâðîïà ñ Åãåéñêî ìîðå. Ðóñå ñå îáñëóæâà îò äâå àâòîãàðè, ïåò æåëåçîïúòíè ãàðè è e íàé-ãîëÿìîòî áúëãàðñêî äóíàâñêî ïðèñòàíèùå. Ãþðãåâî ñå îáñëóæâà îò ÷åòèðè ãàðè. Ãðàäúò å ïðèñòàíèùå íà Áóêóðåù è èìà òðè òîâàðíè ó÷àñòúêà – Ðàìàäàí, ×àðîé è Ïëàíòåëîð. Ðóñå è Ãþðãåâî ñúáèðàò â åäíà òî÷êà øîñåéíàòà, æåëåçîïúòíàòà è ðå÷íàòà òðàíñïîðòíà ñèñòåìà.  ðåãèîíà ñå íàìèðà è ëåòèùå Ðóñå äî ñåëî Ùðúêëåâî, êîåòî âðåìåííî íå ðàáîòè. êðàÿ íà XIX-òè âåê ïîñëåäîâàòåëíî ñà ïîñòðîåíè æåëåçîïúòíèòå ëèíèè ×åðíà âîäà – Êþñòåíäæà, Ðóñ÷óê – Âàðíà, Áóêóðåù – Ãþðãåâî. Ïðåç 1954 ãîäèíà å èçãðàäåí Äóíàâ ìîñò, åäèíñòâåíèÿò â áúëãàðî-ðóìúíñêèÿ ó÷àñòúê.

The following run through the territory of the Euroregion:

Corridor No. 7, the trans-European waterway Rhein – Main – Danube from Rotterdam to Sulina.

Corridor No. 9, connecting Northern, Central and Eastern Europe to the Aegean Sea.Ruse is served by two bus stations, five railway stations and is the largest Bulgarian port on the Danube. Giurgiu is served by four railway stations. The town is a port of Bucharest and has three freight sections - Ramadan, Cioroiu and Plantelor. Ruse and Giurgiu concentrate in one point the road, railway and river transport system. Ruse Airport near the village of Shtraklevo, which is temporarily unoperational, is also located in the region.The railway lines Cernavodà – Constanta, Ruschuk – Varna, Bucharest – Giurgiu were built consecutively in the end of XIX century. Danube Bridge was built in 1954, the only one in the shared Bulgarian-Romanian section.

Òðàíñïîðòíè êîðèäîðè Transport corridors

Êðàé

áðåæ

íàò

à çî

íà í

à ãð

àä Ð

óñå

êàò

î ÷à

ñò î

ò å

âðîð

åãèî

íà Ð

óñå

– Ãþ

ðãåâ

î

42

Ïðåç òåðèòîðèÿòà íà åâðîðåãèîíà Ðóñå – Ãþðãåâî ïðåìèíàâàò êóëòóðíèòå êîðèäîðè íà Þãîèçòî÷íà ÅâðîïàÄóíàâñêè ïúò è èçòî÷åí òðàíñáàëêàíñêè ïúò ñ îñíîâíè çàáåëåæèòåëíîñòè:

Ðóñå, èñòîðè÷åñêè ãðàä Ñêàëíèòå öúðêâè êðàé ñåëî Èâàíîâî

(Ñâåòîâíî íàñëåäñòâî íà ÞÍÅÑÊÎ) Ñðåäíîâåêîâíèÿò ãðàä ×åðâåí

Èçòî÷åí òðàíñáàëêàíñêè ïúò ñ îñíîâíè çàáåëåæèòåëíîñòè:

Áóêóðåù, èñòîðè÷åñêè ãðàä Öúðêâèòå íà Áóêóðåù

 Ðóñå è îêîëíîñòèòå ñà ðàçïîëîæåí ïîâå÷å ïðèðîäíè è èñòîðè÷åñêè çàáåëåæèòåëíîñòè, äîêàòî â Ãþðãåâî ñå ïðîâåæäàò ïîâå÷å ñúáèòèÿ, ñâúðçàíè ñ ðåêàòà. Äâåòå îáùèíè ðàçïîëàãàò ñ ïàìåòíèöè ñ ðàçíîîáðàçåí õàðàêòåð îò ðàçëè÷íè åïîõè, êîèòî ñà âàæíà ïðåäïîñòàâêà çà ôîðìèðàíå íà ïðîãðàìè çà ðàçâèòèå íà êóëòóðíèÿ òóðèçúì.

The cultural corridors of Southeastern Europe run through the territory of the Ruse-Giurgiu Euroregion Danube road and Eastern trans-Balkan road with main landmarks:

Ruse, historical city The rock-hewn churches near the village

of Ivanovo (UNESCO World Heritage site) The medieval town of Cherven

Eastern trans-Balkan road with main landmarks: Bucharest, historical city The churches of Bucharest

In Ruse and its locality are situated more natural and historical landmarks, whereas in Giurgiu more river-related events are held. The two municipalities have monuments of diverse nature from different ages, which are an important prerequisite for the formation of programmes for development of river tourism.

Êóëòóðíè êîðèäîðèËåãåíäà / Key

Ìàòåðèàëíè êóëòóðíè öåííîñòè Â ðåãèîíà:

Tangible cultural riches In the region:

- Ñêàëåí ìàíàñòèð / Rock-hewn monastery

- Êðåïîñò / Fortress

- Ìàíàñòèð / Monastery

 ãðàäîâåòå / In the towns and cities:

- Ðóñå, èñòîðè÷åñêè ãðàä / Ruse, historical city

- Ðóèíèòå íà Ìèð÷åà ÷åë Áàòðúí / The ruins of Mircea cel Batran

- Ìîñòúò Áèæåö / Bijec Bridge

- Êúùà çà êóëòóðà Éîí Âèíåà / Ion Vinea House of Culture

- Ïðàçíèê íà ðåêà Äóíàâ / River Danube Festival

 Ðóñå ïðåç 70-òå ãîäèíè çàïî÷âà äà ñå ïðîâåæäà ïðàçíèê, ïîñâåòåí íà ðåêà Äóíàâ. Êîíöåðòè, âîäíè ñïîðòîâå, êîíêóðñ çà êðàñîòà ñà ÷àñò îò æèâîòà íà ãðàäà äî íà÷àëîòî íà 90-òå ãîäèíè.

Intangible cultural riches related to the Danube The celebration of a holiday dedicated to the Danube was started in Ruse in the 1970s. Concerts, water sports, and a beauty pageant were a part of the city life until the beginning of the 1990s.

 Ãþðãåâî ñå ïðîâåæäàò òðè ìóçèêàëíè ôåñòèâàëà:

Three music festivals are held in Giurgiu:

- Âúëíèòå íà Äóíàâà / Waves of the Danube

- Äóíàâñêè çâåçäè / Danubian stars

- Ñèíèÿò Äóíàâ / The Blue Danube

Cultural corridors

The

river

side

zon

e of

the

city

of R

use

and

the

Ruse

– G

iurg

iu E

uror

egio

n

43

Îùå â äðåâíîñòòà ñåëèùà ïî Äóíàâà âúçíèêâàò íà ìåñòà, êúäåòî å èìàëî áðîäîâå è ðåêàòà å ìîãëà äà áúäå ïðåìèíàâàíà. Ïî âðåìå íà Ðèìñêàòà èìïåðèÿ òåçè ñòðàòåãè÷åñêè ìåñòà ñà ïðåâúðíàòè â óêðåïåíè ïóíêòîâå îò Äóíàâñêèÿ ëèìåñ.Ðóñåíñêè Ëîì å ïîñëåäíèÿò ïî-ãîëÿì ïðèòîê íà Äóíàâ, ïðåäè âëèâàíåòî íà ðåêàòà â ×åðíî ìîðå. Îáðàçóâàíà å îò ðåêèòå Áåëè è ×åðíè Ëîì, êîèòî òåêàò íà ñåâåðîçàïàä è ñå ñëèâàò íà ñåâåð îò ñåëî Èâàíîâî. Äúëæèíàòà íà ðåêàòà å 200 km. ßçîâèð Áåëè Ëîì å åäèí îò 10-òå ïîñòðîåíè ÿçîâèðà â îáëàñò Ðóñå, ðàçðåøåí çà ëþáèòåëñêè ðèáîëîâ.Ðåêà Âåäåà èçâèðà îò ïëàòîòî Êîòìåàíà è ñå âëèâà â Äóíàâà. Äúëæèíàòà é å 224 km, 33 îò êîèòî ñà ïëàâàòåëíè. Ìåñòíîñòòà Êîìàíà å ïðèãîäåíà çà ëîâ è ðèáîëîâ.

As early as the antiquity, settlements emerged on the Danube in places where there were fords and the river could be crossed. During the Roman Empire these strategic places were converted into fortified points from the Danube limes.Rusenski Lom is the last more significant tributary of the Danube prior to the river flowing into the Black Sea. It is formed by the rivers Beli and Cherni Lom, which flow in a northwestern direction and join north of the village of Ivanovo. The river length is 200 km. Beli Lom reservoir is one of the 10 reservoirs built in the district of Ruse, where amateur fishing is allowed.The Vedea River rises from the Kotmeana Plateau and flows into the Danube. Its length is 224 km, 33 of which are navigable. The locality of Komana is suitable for hunting and fishing.

Ñèíè êîðèäîðè Ëåãåíäà / Key

Ïðåç XX-òè âåê ðàçëè÷íè ðàçâëå÷åíèÿ ñòàâàò ìàñîâè

In 20 c. different entertainments become wide-spread

- Ïðî÷óòèÿò ðóñåíñêè êàòîê – ïúðçàëêà ïî çàìðúçíàëàòà ðåêà

The famous Ruse katok – a slide on the frozen river

- Áàëîâåòå îò çàëèòå ñå ïðåìåñòâàò íà êîðàáèòå

Boat trips and visits to the nearby islands

- Ðàçõîäêà ñ ëîäêà è ïîñåùåíèÿ íà áëèçêèòå îñòðîâè

Boat trips and visits to the nearby islands

- ßõòêëóá è ãðåáíè ñúñòåçàíèÿ / Yacht club and rowing competitions

Âîäíè ñêè / Water skiing

Ðóñåíåö êîíñòðóèðà ïúðâàòà ó íàñ äúñêà çà âîäíî ïúðçàëÿíå.

A Ruse citizen constructed the first board in the country for water skiing.

- Êúïàëíèòå â ðåêàòà Áàíè÷êèòå

The public baths in the river called Banichkite

- Ïëàâàù áàñåéí Ëåáåäà / Lebeda floating pool

- Õîäåíå íà ïëàæ / Sunbathing on the beach

Blue corridors

Êðàé

áðåæ

íàò

à çî

íà í

à ãð

àä Ð

óñå

êàò

î ÷à

ñò î

ò å

âðîð

åãèî

íà Ð

óñå

– Ãþ

ðãåâ

î

44

Ïî åâðîïåéñêà èíèöèàòèâà çà îïàçâàíåòî è âúçñòàíîâÿâàíåòî íà âëàæíèòå çîíè è íà áèîðàçíîîáðàçèåòî Çåëåí êîðèäîð Äîëåí Äóíàâ, Áúëãàðèÿ âúçñòàíîâÿâà òåðèòîðèèòå â ñâîÿ ó÷àñòúê. Ñúçäàäåíè ñà ñåäåì íîâè çàùèòåíè òåðèòîðèè è ñà âúçñòàíîâåíè íàä 1 ìèëèîí õåêòàðà âëàæíè çîíè ïî ðåêà Äóíàâ. Çàùèòåíà çîíà íà òåðèòîðèÿòà íà îáëàñò Ðóñå ñà Ëîìîâåòå. Ïðèðîäíèÿò ïàðê å ðàçïîëîæåí íà 20 km þæíî îò ãðàäà íà ïëîù îò 32 600 dka. Âèñîêî îöåíåí å ïîðàäè íàëè÷èåòî íà êðàñèâè êðàéðå÷íè òåðàñè è çîíè ñ áîãàòî âèäîâî ðàñòèòåëíî è æèâîòèíñêî ðàçíîîáðàçèå. Òóê ñå íàìèðà åäèíñòâåíèÿò áúëãàðñêè åíäåìèò èç Ïîëîìîðèåòî – Êîâà÷åâ çàíîâåö. áëèçîñò äî Ãþðãåâî ñå íàìèðà ãîðàòà Êîìàíà. Òåðèòîðèÿòà å çàùèòåíà çàðàäè íàëè÷èåòî íà ñèí äæèíäæèôèë è äèâ áîæóð.

Under the European initiative for protection and restoration of the wetlands and biodiversity Lower Danube Green corridor, Bulgaria is restoring the territories in its section. Seven new protected territories are created and over 1 million hectares of wetlands on the Danube are restored. A protected zone in the territory of Ruse district is the Lom RIvers. The natural park is located 20 km south of the city on an area of 32,600 dka. It is highly valued due to the presence of beautiful riverside terraces and zones with rich diversity of animal and plant species. In the zone is located the only Bulgarian endemic plant in the Lom River valley – Kovachev’s broom (Chamaecytisus kovacevii).Komana Forest is located near Giurgiu. The territory is protected due to the presence of blue ginger and Balkan peony.

Ëåãåíäà / Key

- Ãîðà / Forest

- Ïàðê / Park

- Çàùèòåíà çîíà / Protected zone

Äóíàâñêèòå îñòðîâè / The islands of the Danube

- Áúëãàðñêè îñòðîâè / Bulgarian islands

- Ðóìúíñêè îñòðîâè / Romanian islands 1. î. Âàðäèì / Vardim Island 2. î. Áàòèí / Batin Island 3. î. Êîìàäèíó / Komadinu Island 4. î. Ëþëÿê / Lyulyak Island 5. î. Ìîêàíó / Mokanu Island 6. î. Ìîêàí / Mokan Island 7. î. Àëåêî / Aleko Island 8. î. Ëèíãó / Lingu Island 9. î. Ìàëúê Áðúøëÿí / Malak Brashlyan Island 10. î. Ìèøêà / Mishka Island 11. î. Ãîëÿì Áðúøëÿí / Golyam Brashlyan Island

Çåëåíè êîðèäîðè Green corridors

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà è öåíòúðúò íà ãðàä ÐóñåThe riverside zone and the Ruse city centreeRv

Ðåêà Äóíàâ å çíà÷èì ôàêòîð â ðàçâèòèåòî íà ãðàä Ðóñå. Òåðèòîðèàëíîòî ðàçðàñòâàíå íà ñåëèùåòî ñëåäâà ïîñîêàòà íà òå÷åíèåòî íà ðåêàòà îùå îò àíòè÷íîñòòà. Èçòî÷íèòå ÷àñòè íà ãðàäà ñå óñâîÿâàò ïúòè ïî-áúðçî, îòêîëêîòî òåçè â çàïàäíà ïîñîêà. Êîðèòîòî íà ðåêà Ðóñåíñêè Ëîì ñå èçìåñòâà, à óñòèåòî å ïðåâúðíàòî â ëèìàí íà Ðóñåíñêàòà êîðàáîñòðîèòåëíèöà. Òåðèòîðèÿòà, êúäåòî äíåñ ñå íàìèðà óñòèåòî, îñòàâà íåóðáàíèçèðàíà äî ñðåäàòà íà ìèíàëèÿ âåê.

The Danube River has been a significant factor in the development of the city of Ruse. seaRThe territorial expansion of the city has followed the direction of the river course ever sinceesethe antiquity. The eastern parts of the city were reclaimed many times faster than those osTin western direction. The river bed of the Rusenski Lom was relocated, and the mouth to.ewas converted into a firth of the Ruse shipyard. The territory where its mouth is locatedaeadtoday remained unurbanised until the middle of the previous century. nre

Ãðàäúò â÷åðà, äíåñ è óòðå. Öåíòðîâåòå íà ãðàä Ðóñå.The city yesterday, today and tomorrow. The .ycentres of the city of Ruse.y

The

river

side

zon

e an

d th

e Ru

se c

ity c

entre

47

Õèïîòåçàòà îò 1970 ãîäèíà ïîêàçâà êàêâè ñà áèëè ïðåäâèæäàíèÿòà çà ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàäà êúì êðàÿ íà ìèíàëèÿ âåê. Ñïîðåä íåÿ òåðèòîðèèòå, íåïîñðåäñòâåíî äî ðåêàòà òðÿáâà äà ñå óñâîÿâàò ðàâíîìåðíî â èçòî÷íà è çàïàäíà ïîñîêà. Óðáàíèçèðàíåòî â þæíà ïîñîêà å ñëàáî, ïðåäïîëàãà ñå ëèíåéíî íàðàñòâàíå íà öåíòúðà è íà öåëèÿ ãðàä. Ìîæå äà ñå êàæå, ÷å ñàìî èçìåñòâàíåòî íà öåíòúðà â ñåâåðîèçòî÷íà ïîñîêà ñòàâà ðåàëíîñò.

The hypothesis of 1970 shows the forecasts for development of the city as at the end of the previous century. According to it, the territories located next to the river need to be utilised at a uniform speed westward and eastward alike. The urbanisation in southern direction is weak; linear expansion of the centre and the entire city is presumed. It can be maintained that only the northeastward relocation of the centre has become a reality.

Ëåãåíäà / Key Ñõåìàòà å íàïðàâåíà íà áàçàòà íà ñâåäåíèÿ îò Îáùèíà Ðóñå.

The drawing was made based on data from the Municipality of Ruse. Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ îò I äî IV-òè âåê / Sexsaginta Pristis from 1 to 4 c. AD Ðóñè äî 1595 ãîäèíà / Rusi up to 1595 Ðóñ÷óê îò 1603 äî 1864 ãîäèíà / Ruschuk from 1603 to 1864 Ðóñ÷óê îò 1864 äî 1879 ãîäèíà / Ruschuk from 1864 to 1879 Ðóñå îò 1879 äî 1945 ãîäèíà / Ruse from 1879 to 1945 Ðóñå îò 1945 äî 1970 ãîäèíà / Ruse îò 1945 to 1970 Ðóñå îò 1970 äî 2010 ãîäèíà / Ruse from 1970 to 2010

Èñòîðè÷åñêî ðàçâèòèå íà ÐóñåÕèïîòåçà çà ëèíåéíîòî íàðàñòâàíå íà öåíòúðà â èñòîðè÷åñêîòî ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàäà îò 1970 ãîäèíà:Hypothesis for the linear expansion of the centre in the historical development of the city of 1970:

Historical development of Ruse

Êðàé

áðåæ

íàò

à çî

íà è

öåí

òúð

úò í

à ãð

àä Ð

óñå

48

Åñòåñòâåíèòå êîíòàêòíè ìåñòà íà Ðóñå ñ Äóíàâà ñà ìåñòàòà, êúäåòî ðåëåôúò íà ãðàäà ñëèçà äî íèâîòî íà áðåãà íà ðåêàòà. Òå ñà äâå - ïëîùàäúò ïðåä Ðå÷íàòà ãàðà è êðúñòîâèùåòî íà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè è óëèöà Ìîñòîâà. Òåçè ïîäõîäè ñà ëîøî óñòðîåíè è íå ñå èçïîëçâàò.Ñúçäàäåíèòå ïîäõîäè â êðàÿ íà 60-òå ãîäèíè íà XX-òè âåê îò ãðàäà êúì ðåêàòà ñà òðèòå ïåøåõîäíè ïàñàðåëà – ïðè Ïðîôåñèîíàëíàòà ãèìíàçèÿ ïî îáëåêëî Íåäêà Èâàí Ëàçàðîâà, ïðè ïàìåòíèêà íà Áàáà Òîíêà è ïðè Ìîðñêèÿ êëóá. ×åòâúðòàòà âðúçêà – Ìîñòúò íà âúçäèøêèòå, ëþáèìî ìÿñòî çà ðàçõîäêà íà ðóñåíöè, ñâúðçâà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè ñ õîòåë Ðèãà. Öåíòðàëíèòå äâà ïîäõîäà îñúùåñòâÿâàò âðúçêàòà îò ïëîùàä Ñâîáîäà, à ïåðèôåðíèòå - îò æèëèùíèòå êâàðòàëè êúì ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé.Öåíòúðúò ñå å ïðîìåíÿë â èñòîðè÷åñêîòî ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàäà. Ïúðâîíà÷àëíî ñåëèùåòî ïðåäñòàâëÿâà ðèìñêèÿò êàñòåë Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ (1). Ïî âðåìåòî íà Ðóñ÷óê öåíòúðúò ñå íàìèðà îêîëî ïëîùàäà íà ÷àñîâíèêîâàòà êóëà (2). Ñëåä Îñâîáîæäåíèåòî ñå îáîñîáÿâà ïëîùàä Àëåêñàíäúð Áàòåíáåðã (3), äíåñ å íà ïëîùàä Ñâîáîäà (4). Ìîæå äà ñå êàæå, ÷å öåíòúðúò ñå èçìåñòâà êúì íîâèÿ òúðãîâñêè öåíòúð (5). Ïîñëåäíèòå òðè ñà ñâúðçàíè ïîñðåäñòâîì ïåøåõîäíàòà óëèöà Àëåêñàíäðîâñêà, îò êîÿòî òðúãâàò è îñíîâíèòå ïîäõîäè êúì ðåêàòà.

The natural points of contact of Ruse and the Danube are the places where the city relief reaches the level of the city bank. They are two – the square in front of the Riverside station and the junction of Pridunavski Boulevard. and Mostova Steet. These approaches are poorly engineered and are not used.The approaches created at the end of the 1960s from the city to the river are the three pedestrian footbridges – next to the Nedka Ivan Lazarova Vocational Secondary School of Clothing, next to the monument of Baba Tonka and next to the Maritime Club. The fourth connection – the Bridge of Sighs, a favourite place for a walk of the Ruse citizens, connects Pridunavski Boulevard to Riga hotel. The two central approaches realise the connection from Freedom square, and the peripheral ones – from the residential quarters to the Ruse Quay Park.The centre changed with the historical development of the city. Initially the settlement was the Roman castle Sexsaginta Pristis (1). In the time of Ruschuk the centre was located around the square of the clock tower (2). After the Liberation it was relocated to Alexander of Battenberg square (3), and today it is in Freedom square (4). It can be maintained the centre has been moving towards the new commercial centre (5). The latter three are connected by the pedestrian Alexandrovska Street, from which the main approaches to the river start.

Ëåãåíäà / Key Ãðàäúò â÷åðà / The city yesterday Ãðàäúò äíåñ / The city today Ãðàäúò óòðå / The city tomorrow

1. Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ / Sexsaginta Pristis 2. Ïëîùàäúò ïðåä ÷àñîâíèêîâàòà êóëà íà Ðóñ÷óê The square in front of the clock tower of Ruschuk 3. Ïëîùàä Àëåêñàíäúð Áàòåíáåðã / Alexander of Battenberg square 4. Ïëîùàä Ñâîáîäà / Freedom square5. Íîâèÿò òúðãîâñêè öåíòúð íà ãðàäà / The new city commercial centre

Åñòåñòâåíèòå êîíòàêòíè ìåñòà íà ãðàäà ñ ðåêàòà Natural points of contact of the city and the river

Ïîäõîäèòå, êîèòî ñà ñúçäàäåíè îò ÷îâåêà / The man-made access facilities Îñíîâíî ïåøåõîäíî äâèæåíèå / Main pedestrian traffic

Ðàçïîëîæåíèå íà öåíòúðà â èñòîðè÷åñêîòî ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàä Ðóñå Location of the city centre in the historical development of the city of Ruse

Îöåíêà è ïðîáëåìè íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíàRiverside zone evaluation and problemsrds

Ãðàä Ðóñå è ðåêàòà – óðáàíèñòè÷íè âëèÿíèÿ Îò êîìóíèêàöèîííèòå òðàñåòà íà ãðàäà åäèíñòâåíî æåëåçîïúòíàòà ëèíèÿ ïðåìèíàâà ïî öÿëîòî ïðîòåæåíèå íà êðàéáðåæèåòî. Äîðè è äíåñ íå ñå îöåíÿâà êàòî èñòèíñêî áîãàòñòâî, êàêâîòî å âñúùíîñò.  ñåãà äåéñòâàùèÿ Îáù óñòðîéñòâåí ïëàí å çàëîæåíî äåìîíòèðàíåòî íà êðàéäóíàâñêèÿ é ó÷àñòúê.Ïîðàäè ãåîãðàôñêèòå óñëîâèÿ â ðåãèîíà, ãðàäúò ñå å ðàçâèë èçäèãíàò íàä íèâîòî íà ðåêàòà. Ïîñòðîåíà å âèñîêà êåéîâà ñòåíà. Òåðèòîðèèòå, êîèòî ñà îñòàíàëè â íèñêàòà ÷àñò, ñà ñå îáîñîáèëè êàòî ïàðêîâè è ïðîèçâîäñòâåíè.Ïðîáëåìè íà êðàéáðåæíàòà òåðèòîðèÿ äíåñÓñòðîéñòâåíè ïðîáëåìè

Ëèïñà íà ìîäåðíè äîêîâè ñúîðúæåíèÿ çà ïðèñòèãàùèòå êîðàáè ñ òóðèñòè. Èçîëèðàíà öåíòðàëíà ãðàäñêà ÷àñò îò ïàðêà Ðóñåíñêè êåé. Ëîøî ðàçâèòà êóëòóðíà èíäóñòðèÿ è ëèïñà íà òóðèñòè÷åñêè îáåêòè. Ëèïñà íà ìàòåðèàëíà áàçà çà ïðîâåæäàíå íà ìàùàáíè ìåðîïðèÿòèÿ. Ëèïñà íà íîùåí æèâîò. Ïðîñòðàíñòâîòî å îïàñíî çà ïîñåùåíèå âå÷åð.

Êîìóíèêàöèîííè ïðîáëåìè Ïî êðàéáðåæíèÿ ó÷àñòúê íà æåëåçîïúòíàòà ëèíèÿ, íåïîñðåäñòâåíî äî ïàðêà, ñå äâèæàò ñàìî

òîâàðíè êîìïîçèöèè. Áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè íÿìà êàïàöèòåòà äà îáñëóæè ñúùåñòâóâàùèÿ òðàôèê è äà çàòâîðè ïúðâèÿ

ðèíã íà ãðàäà. Äîñòúïúò ñ àâòîìîáèëè å çàòðóäíåí. Ëèïñâàò îáùåñòâåíè ïàðêèíãè. Çàòðóäíåíà äîñòúïíîñò çà ïåøåõîäöè è âåëîñèïåäèñòè. Äîñòúïúò çà õîðà â íåðàâíîñòîéíî

ïîëîæåíèå íå å âúçìîæåí. “Åñòåñòâåíèòå” êîíòàêòíè ìåñòà íà ãðàäà ñ ðåêàòà îñòàâàò èçîëèðàíè îò îñíîâíîòî

ïåøåõîäíî äâèæåíèå.Åñòåòè÷åñêè ïðîáëåìè

Íåîáåçîïàñåíà è íåçàùèòåíà æåëåçîïúòíà ëèíèÿ â êðàéáðåæíèÿ ó÷àñòúê. Ëîøà èíôðàñòðóêòóðíà îáåçïå÷åíîñò. Àëåéíàòà ìðåæà è äåòñêèòå ïëîùàäêè ñà â èçêëþ÷èòåëíî

ëîøî ñúñòîÿíèå. Íèñêà ñòåïåí íà áëàãîóñòðîåíîñò íà ïàðêîâåòå è çîíèòå çà îòäèõ. Ìàëêîòî ïóáëè÷íè ïðîñòðàíñòâà ñà â ëîøî ñúñòîÿíèå è ñ íèñêè åñòåòè÷åñêè êà÷åñòâà.

Åêîëîãè÷íè ïðîáëåìè Âèñîêî íèâî íà øóìîâî çàìúðñÿâàíå îò àâòîìîáèëåí òðàôèê. Òåðèòîðèÿòà å çàíåìàðåíà è íå îòãîâàðÿ íà åêîëîãè÷íèòå è åñòåòè÷åñêèòå èçèñêâàíèÿ çà

ãðàäñêà ñðåäà. Çà ïîääúðæàíåòî íà ðàñòèòåëíîñòòà íå ñå ïîëàãàò ãðèæè. Ðàñòèòåëíèòå âèäîâå íå ñå îòëè÷àâàò ñ åñòåòè÷åñêà ñòîéíîñò è íå èçïúëíÿâàò

èçèñêâàíèÿòà, ñâúðçàíè ñ îñîáåíîñòèòå íà çàîáèêàëÿùàòà ãè ñðåäà.

The city of Ruse and the river – urbanistic influences teOf the city’s communication routes only the railway line goes through the entire riverside stretch. Even today it ttis not appreciated as a true asset, which in fact it is. The City Master plan in effect today makes provisions for serdthe dismantling of its Danube riverside section.aoDue to the geographic conditions in the region, the city has developed above the river level. A high quay wallqecrwas been built. The territories remaining in the low part have established themselves as park and productionmiTones.Problems of the riverside territory todaysePlanning problemse

Lack of modern dock facilities for the arriving passenger ships.r Isolated city central part from theae Ruse Quay Park.y

Poorly developed cultural industry and lack of tourist sights.tp Lack of facilities and equipment for holding large-scale events.ee Lack of nightlife. The territory is dangerous for visits at night.tf

Communication problemsen Only freight trains run on the riverside section of the railway line immediately to the park.e aPridunavski Boulevard does not have the capacity to serve the existing traffic and close the city’s first ring.rfdoi

The car access is obstructed. There are no public car parks.ts Obstructed accessibility for pedestrians and cyclists. The access of people with disabilities is impossible.sic The “natural” points of contact of the city with the river remain isolated from the main pedestrian traffic.rmfp

Aesthetic problemse Unsecured and unprotected railway line in the riverside section.otd Scarce infrastructure. The alley network and the children’s playgrounds are in an extremely poor condition.o u Low level of development of the park and the recreation zones.me The few public spaces are in poor condition and are of low aesthetic quality.tsc

Ecological problemsb High level of noise pollution from the road traffic.on The territory is neglected and does not meet the ecological and aesthetic requirements for city rcs

environment. No care is taken for the vegetation maintenance.he The plant species are not distinguished by their aesthetic value and do not meet the requirements related t c

to the peculiarities of their environment.r

51

Rive

rsid

e zo

ne e

valu

atio

n an

d pr

oble

ms

Ñõåìà Ñúùåñòâóâàùî ïîëîæåíèåExisting situation drawing

Ñõåìà Ïðåäâèæäàíèÿ íà Îáù Óñòðîéñòâåí Ïëàí, 2006 ã.2006 General Development Plan provisions drawing.

Ñõåìà Ïðîåêòíî ïðåäëîæåíèåProject proposal drawing

Àâòîìîáèëåí òðàíñïîðòËåãåíäà / Key Ãðàäñêè ìàãèñòðàëè II-ðè êëàñ / II class city motorways

Ðàéîííè àðòåðèè III à êëàñ / III à class regional thoroughfares

Ðàéîííè àðòåðèè III á êëàñ / III b class regional thoroughfares

Àâòîãàðà / Bus station

Road transport

52

Îöå

íêà

è ï

ðîáë

åìè

íà ê

ðàéá

ðåæ

íàò

à çî

íà

Öåíòðàëíàòà æåëåçîïúòíà ãàðà îáñëóæâà ïúòíèêîïîòîêà îò ñòðàíàòà è îò Èçòî÷íà, Ñðåäíà è Çàïàäíà Åâðîïà. Ãàðà Ðàçïðåäåëèòåëíà å âëàêîîáðàçóâàùà çà ñòðàíàòà. Îáñëóæâà òîâàðíèòå âëàêîâå ìåæäó Áúëãàðèÿ è Ðóìúíèÿ. Òîâàðíàòà æåëåçîïúòíà ãàðà îáðàáîòâà òîâàðèòå çà Ðóñå è îáëàñòòà. Òîâàðíàòà æåëåçîïúòíà ãàðà Ñåâåð îáñëóæâà èíäóñòðèàëíè êëîíîâå íà ïðèñòàíèùå Ðóñå-Èçòîê, Ñâîáîäíà áåçìèòíà çîíà è ïðåäïðèÿòèÿòà îò êðàéáðåæíàòà òðàíñïîðòíî-ïðîèçâîäñòâåíà çîíà. Òîâàðíàòà æåëåçîïúòíà ãàðà Çàïàä îáñëóæâà ïðèñòàíèùå Ðóñå-Çàïàä è èíäóñòðèàëíèòå êëîíîâå â Çàïàäíàòà ïðîèçâîäñòâåíà çîíà. Ñãðàäàòà íà Íàöèîíàëíèÿ ìóçåé íà òðàíñïîðòà å ïúðâàòà áúëãàðñêà æåëåçîïúòíà ãàðà, ïîñòðîåíà â ñòðàíàòà ïðåç 1866 ãîäèíà ïî àíãëèéñêè ïðîåêò.

The central railway station serves the passenger flow from the country and from Eastern, Central and Western Europe. The Marshalling yard is one of the important marshalling ones for the country. It serves the freight trains between Bulgaria and Romania. The freight railway station handles the freights for Ruse and the region. North freight railway station serves the industrial branches of port Ruse-East, the Duty Free Zone and the enterprises from the riverside transport and industrial zone. West freight railway station serves port Ruse-West and the industrial branches in West Industrial Zone. The building of the National Museum of Transport is the first railway station, built in the country in 1866 after an English design.

Æåëåçîïúòåí òðàíñïîðòËåãåíäà / Key Ñúùåñòâóâàùè æåëåçîïúòíè òðàñåòà / Existing rail routes

Æåëåçîïúòåí àðåàë / Railway area

Òîâàðíà æåëåçîïúòíà ãàðà / Freight railway station

Ïúòíè÷åñêà æåëåçîïúòíà ãàðà / Passenger railway station

Rail transport

53

Rive

rsid

e zo

ne e

valu

atio

n an

d pr

oble

ms

Çåëåíà ñèñòåìà

Ñõåìà Ñúùåñòâóâàùî ïîëîæåíèåExisting situation drawing

Ñõåìà Ïðîåêòíî ïðåäëîæåíèåProject proposal drawing

Ñõåìà Ïðîåêòíî ïðåäëîæåíèåProject proposal drawing

Ëåãåíäà / Key Ïàðê / Park

1. Ìëàäåæêè ïàðê / Youth Park

2. Ïàðêà íà âúçðîæäåíöèòå

Park of the National Revival heroes

Ñòàäèîí / Stadium

3. Ãðàäñêè ñòàäèîí è ñïîðòåí êîìïëåêñ ßëòà

City stadium and Yalta sports complex

Íîâàòà ñïîðòíà çàëà íà ãðàäà

The new sports hall of the city

4. Ñòàäèîí Ëîêîìîòèâ / Locomotive stadium

5. Ñòàäèîí Äóíàâ / Dunav stadium

Ïëîùàä / Square

6. Ïëîùàä Àëåêñàíäúð Áàòåíáåðã Alexander of Battenberg square

7. Ïëîùàä Ä-ð Ìóñòàêîâ / Dr. Mustakov square

8. Ïëîùàä Ñâîáîäà / Freedom square

9. Ïëîùàä Ñâåòà Òðîèöà è Îáùèíàòà

Sveta Troitsa square and the Municipality

Óëèöà / Street

10. Áóëåâàðä Öàð Îñâîáîäèòåë

Tsar Osvoboditel Boulevard

Green system

54

Îöå

íêà

è ï

ðîáë

åìè

íà ê

ðàéá

ðåæ

íàò

à çî

íà

Ôóíêöèîíàëíî çîíèðàíå

Òåðèòîðèèòå íà ãðàäà, êîèòî ãðàíè÷àò ñ ðåêà Äóíàâ ñà: Çàïàäíàòà ïðîìèøëåíà çîíà, öåíòðàëíàòà ãðàäñêà ÷àñò, ïàðêúò Ðóñåíñêè êåé, æèëèùíè êâàðòàëè è Èçòî÷íàòà ïðîìèøëåíà çîíà. Íàñòîÿùàòà ðàçðàáîòêà ðàçãëåæäà òåðèòîðèÿòà îò Ðå÷íàòà ãàðà äî Ìîðñêèÿ êëóá.  òîçè ó÷àñòúê êðàéáðåæèåòî êîíòàêòóâà ñúñ àðõåëîãè÷åñêèòå îñòàíêè Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ, ñ öåíòúðà íà ãðàäà, ñ ïàðêîâèòå òåðèòîðèè è ñ íàé-ñòàðèòå æèëèùíè êâàðòàëè.  ìîìåíòà ïåøåõîäíîòî äâèæåíèå å çàòðóäíåíî è ãîëåìè ó÷àñòúöè îò òåðèòîðèÿòà ñà çàíåìàðåíè. Òÿ íå ïðåäñòàâëÿâàò èíòåðåñ êàêòî çà ãðàæäàíèòå, òàêà è çà ïîñåòèòåëèòå íà Ðóñå.

The city territories bordering on the Danube are: West Industrial Zone, the city central part, the Ruse Quay Park, residential quarters and East Industrial Zone. The present research examines the territory from the Riverside station to the Maritime club. In this section the riverside is in contact with the archaeological remains of Sexsaginta Pristis, the city centre, the park territories and the oldest residential quarters. Currently the pedestrian traffic is obstructed and large sections of the territory are neglected. They are of no interest to either citizens or visitors of Ruse.

Ëåãåíäà / Key

Æèëèùíè òåðèòîðèè / Residential territories

Ïðîìèøëåíè òåðèòîðèè / Industrial territories

Ñìåñåíà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëíà çîíà / Mixed multi-functional zone

Öåíòðàëíà ãðàäñêà ÷àñò / City central part

Çåëåíè ïëîùè / Green areas

Functional zoning

§

Âèçèÿ çà ðàçâèòèå íà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíàVision for development of the central riverside zoneee

§

Ïðåç 1866 ãîäèíà å ïóñíàòà â åêñïëîàòàöèÿ ëèíèÿòà Ðóñå – Âàðíà. Ñëåä 1878 ã. æåëåçîïúòíàòà ìðåæà ñå óâåëè÷àâà ìíîãîêðàòíî.  ñëåäñòâèå íà òåðèòîðèàëíîòî ðàçðàñòâàíå íà ãðàäà, àðåàëúò ïðåìèíàâà äî Èçòî÷íàòà ïðîìèøëåíà çîíà íà èçòîê è äî ñåâåðíèòå æèëèùíè òåðèòîðèè íà ñåâåðîçàïàä. Äíåñ ïî êðàéáðåæíèÿ ó÷àñòúê íà îêîëîâðúñòíàòà ëèíèÿ ñå äâèæàò òîâàðíè êîìïîçèöèè, à ïî ó÷àñòúêà, ïðåñè÷àù ãðàäà – ïúòíè÷åñêè. Îáùèÿò óñòðîéñòâåí ïëàí, âëÿçúë â ñèëà ïðåç 2006 ãîäèíà, ïðåäâèæäà äåìîíòèðàíå íà êðàéäóíàâñêèÿ ó÷àñòúê è îáåäèíÿâàíåòî íà äâåòå òðàñåòà. Íî ïåò ãîäèíè ñëåä àêòóàëèçàöèÿòà íà ïëàíà ñå íàëàãàò ïðîåêòè, â êîèòî öåíòðàëíà ðîëÿ çàåìà æåëåçîïúòíèÿò òðàíñïîðò. Ðàçðàáîòêàòà ïðåäñòàâÿ èäåÿòà çà èçïîëçâàíåòî íà æåëåçîïúòíàòà îêîëîâðúñòíà ëèíèÿ êàòî ÷àñò îò ãðàäñêèÿ ïúòíè÷åñêè òðàíñïîðò.Ïî êðàéáðåæíèÿ ó÷àñòúê ïðåìèíàâà è áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè, êîéòî òðÿáâà äà çàòâîðè ïúðâèÿ ðèíã íà ãðàäà. Òîâà íàëàãà ðàçøèðåíèå íà ïúòíîòî ïëàòíî ñ äâå ëåíòè.  ìîìåíòà êîëèòå ñå äâèæàò íà êîòà 32 m, à æåëåçîïúòíàòà ëèíèÿòà – íà êîòà 22 m. Âúçìîæíîñòòà àâòîìîáèëèòå äà ñëÿçàò íà íèâîòî íà æåëåçîïúòíàòà ëèíèÿòà, áè îçíà÷àâàëî äà óíèùîæèì ïàðêà Ðóñåíñêè êåé. Çàòîâà ñå ïðåäëàãà äâèæåíèåòî äà ìèíå íà íèâî ïî ñðåäàòà ìåæäó æï ëèíèÿòà è áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè. Êîìóíèêàöèÿòà ìîæå äà ñå ïîêðèå íà íèâîòî íà áóëåâàðäà è äà ñå ñúçäàäå åäíà øèðîêà ïðîìåíàäà çà ïåøåõîäöè, êîÿòî ñå ñúîáðàçÿâà ñúñ ãðàäñêàòà ñòðóêòóðà. Ïî òîçè íà÷èí ñå çàïàçâà è ñúùåñòâóâàùàòà ïåøåõîäíà çîíà íà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè. Ñòàðàòà ðå÷íà ãàðà íå ðàçïîëàãà ñ äîñòàòú÷íî ïðèñòàíèùíè ñúîðúæåíèÿ è ïúòíè÷åñêèòå êîðàáè ñïèðàò ïîä õîòåë Ðèãà. Ïåøåõîäöèòå ñå ïðèäâèæâàò ïåø äî öåíòúðà íà ãðàäà. Ðå÷íàòà ãàðà å ÷àñò îò ãðóïîâ ïàìåòíèê íà êóëòóðàòà è íÿìà âúçìîæíîñò äà îñèãóðè íåîáõîäèìî ïðîñòðàíñòâî çà èíôðàñòðóêòóðàòà, êîÿòî áè èçèñêâàë åäèí íîâ ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë.

panded phe railway network exphway line was commissioned in 1866. After 1878 thwna railwnThe Ruse – Var pphhwwnnZone Znt past East Industrial nof the territorial expansion of the city, its area weoresult ormanifold. As a r Znoorron the oday freight trains run odrthern residential territories in the Northwest. Tothe noin the East and oodocity. c section crossing the ee orbital railway line, and passenger trains on theen of thenriverside section ceeeenniverside ntling of the Danube rneffective as of 2006, makes provisions for dismaer plan, rThe City Master rrerrin whichplan update, projects of the two routes. However, five years after thenficationfsection and unif nnff

e the eresents the idea to usercentral part became necessary. The research prays thearail transport pla eerr aapart of the city passenger transport.pne as pnorbital railway li ppn

Pridunavski rsiderruns through the riverwhich has to close the first ring of the city, also ulevard,u Bou rr uuiare aes. Currently the cars aenecessary to expand the road bed with two laneakes it asection. This ma aaeeaas go-sThe possibility of cars 32 m and the railway line – at elevation of 22 m.3on of 3idriven at elevati ss33ii

of the railway line would mean to destroye level eing down to theee QuayQRuse Q y it isy Park. That is whyyyyavskiaailway line and Pridunaafic should run on a level which is between the rafhe traffhproposed that t aaaaffhn and a wide pedestria unication may be covered at the boulevard levelcommBoulevard. The lthe tstructure. In this way tseated, which will be in compliance with the city se be crepromenade can ttsseenn

n nnade onnexisting promen nnnn Pridunavski Boulevard is also preserved. i

underpassenger ships land on does not have sufficient port facilities and the oe statioeThe old riversid ooeeRiga group gde station is part of a gdtrians walk on foot to the city centre. The riversidtpedeshotel. The ggddtt

uld ufrastructure, which woufd cannot provide the necessary space for the infdent ancultural monum uuffdmmger terminal.gpassengprequire a new p ggpp

Visi

on fo

r dev

elop

men

t of t

he c

entra

l riv

ersi

de z

one

57

 ó÷àñòúêà íà Ðå÷íàòà ãàðà òåðèòîðèÿòà ñå íóæäàå îò îáíîâÿâàíå è èíòåãðèðàíå íà ðèìñêèÿ êàñòåë Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ â ñúâðåìåííàòà ñòðóêòóðà íà ãðàäà. Íîâà íàìåñà å ïðåäëîæåíà â òåðèòîðèèòå, êîèòî ñå íóæäàÿò îò ñïåøíà ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ – à èìåííî çîíàòà îò âèòèÿ ìîñò äî õîòåë Ðèãà. Îñîáåíî âíèìàíèå òðÿáâà äà ñå îáúðíå íà õàðàêòåðíèòå óëèöè ñ êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêî íàñëåäñòâî, êîèòî ñà îñíîâíàòà âðúçêà íà ãðàäà ñ ðåêàòà. Òåðèòîðèÿòà íåïîñðåäñòâåíî ñðåùó êðåïîñòòà ìîæå äà ñå îòðåäè çà òúðãîâñêî îáñëóæâàíå îò ïàâèëèîíåí òèï êúì êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêèÿ îáåêò. Äâèæåéêè ñå ïî ïðîìåíàäàòà ñå ñòèãà äî ìàëúê ïðèñòàí, îò êîéòî ñ ëîäêà ìîæå äà ñå ñòèãíå äî ïàíîðàìíà êóëà íà êðàÿ íà ëèìàíà. Ðå÷íàòà ãàðà ñå ïðåâðúùà â ìåæäóíàðîäåí öåíòúð çà èíôîðìàöèÿ è ñúòðóäíè÷åñòâî. Òóê îò ñúùåñòâóâàùèÿ ïîíòîí çàïî÷âàò êóëòóðíèòå ìàðøðóòè Ðóñå ïðåç âåêîâåòå è Öåíòúðúò íà ãðàä Ðóñå. Ñúùåñòâóâàùèòå ïðèñòàíèùíè ñúîðúæåíèÿ ñå ïðåâðúùàò â çàâåäåíèÿ ñ ðèáíè äàðîâå, êàêâèòî â ìîìåíòà â ãðàäà íÿìà. Íà ïîêðèòèÿ ó÷àñòúê íà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè ìîæå äà ñå ôîðìèðà êîíãðåñåí öåíòúð, êîéòî ùå îñèãóðè ìàòåðèàëíà áàçà çà ìàñîâè ñúáèòèÿ. Òîâà ìîæå äà áúäå åäíà ñòúêëåíà ñãðàäà, êîÿòî ñèìâîëèçèðà íîâèÿ îáëèê íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàäà. Ïðîìåíàäàòà ïðîäúëæàâà ñ åêñïîçèöèè íà áàçàòà íà âèðòóàëíè ñðåäñòâà. Ïàâèëèîíèòå íà áóëåâàðäà ñà îòðåäåíè çà êàôå-áàðîâå è ãàëåðèéíè ïðîñòðàíñòâà. Ìèíàâàéêè ïðåç äðóãàòà êîíòàêòíà òî÷êà íà ãðàäà ñ ðåêàòà, êðúñòîâèùåòî íà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè è óëèöà Ìîñòîâà, ñå ñòèãà äî ñòàðèÿ Ìîðñêè êëóá, êîéòî äíåñ å Êóëòóðåí öåíòúð Äóíàâ – ïðèñòàíèùå çà ìëàäè õîðà ñ îáùè èíòåðåñè.  ïàðêà å îòðåäåíî ìÿñòî çà ãàëåðèÿ íà îòêðèòî, äåòñêè ïëîùàäêè, àìôèòåàòúð êúì ðåêàòà è ïàíîðàìíè ïëàòôîðìè, êîèòî ðàçêðèâàò íîâè õîðèçîíòè. Çåëåíàòà ñèñòåìà å ðàçâèòà íà äâå íèâà. Ïúðâîòî èìà èçîëàöèîííà ôóíêöèÿ ìåæäó ïàðêà è ãðàäñêàòà æåëåçíèöà, à âòîðîòî - ìåæäó ãðàäñêàòà æåëåçíèöà è íîâàòà êîìóíèêàöèÿ. Âòîðîòî íèâî îáñëóæâà âå÷å ñúçäàäåíèòå ôóíêöèîíàëíè çîíè è íàñî÷âà äâèæåíèåòî íà õîðàòà. Íîâèÿò îáëèê íà öåíòðàëíàòà ïðèñòàíèùíà çîíà èçöÿëî ñå âïèñâà â ñåãàøíàòà ñòðóêòóðà íà ãðàäà. Âåðòèêàëåí àêöåíò å ñãðàäàòà íà ïúòíè÷åñêèÿ òåðìèíàë.

In the section of the Riverside station the territory needs renovation and integration of the Roman castle Sexsaginta Pristis into the modern city structure. A new intervention is suggested in the territories in need of urgent reconstruction – namely the zone from the spiral bridge to Riga hotel. Special attention needs to be paid to the characteristic streets with cultural and historical heritage, which are the main connection of the city to the river. The territory immediately opposite the castle can be allotted for pavilion-type commercial service at the cultural and historical landmark. Walking on the promenade, one arrives at a small wharf, from where a panoramic tower at the end of the Firth can be reached by boat. The Riverside station is converted into an international information and cooperation centre. Here, from the existing pontoon, start the cultural routes Ruse through the ages and Ruse City Centre. The old port facilities are converted into catering establishments with fish food, which the city lacks at present. A congress centre can be established in the covered section of Pridunavski Boulevard, which will provide the necessary facilities for mass events. This can be a glass building, which will symbolise the new image of the city riverside zone. The promenade continues with displays based on virtual means. The pavilions on the boulevard are designed for cafes and gallery spaces. Going through the other point of contact of the city with the river, the junction of Pridunavski Boulevard and Mostova Street, one reaches the old Maritime club, which today is the Dunav cultural centre – a port for young people with common interests. Place in the park is allocated for an open-air gallery, children’s playgrounds, an amphitheatre to the river and panoramic platforms, which will reveal new horizons. The green system is developed on two levels. The first one has an insulation function between the park and the city railway transport, and the second one – between the city railway transport and the new communication. The second level serves the already established functional zones and directs people’s movement. The new image of the central wharf zone completely fits into the present city structure, a vertical emphasis is the building of the passenger terminal.

Àðõèòåêòóðíî-ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâåíè àñïåêòè íà òåðèòîðèÿòà Architectural and city planning aspects of the territory

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

58

Àíàëèç íà ïðîñòðàíñòâà è óëèöè

Ïî âðåìåòî íà èìïåðàòîð Âåñïàñèàí (69 – 79 ãîäèíà) âúçíèêâà êàñòåëúò è ôëîòñêàòà ñòàíöèÿ Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ - Øåñòäåñåò êîðàáà . Êðåïîñòòà áèëà ðàçïîëîæåíà íà ãëàâíèÿ êðàéäóíàâñêè ïúò îò äíåøíèÿ Áåëãðàä äî äåëòàòà íà ðåêà Äóíàâ.Íà êðåïîñòòà íå ñà ïðàâåíè ñèñòåìíè àðõåîëîãè÷åñêè ðàçêîïêè. Ïðîâåäåíè ñà ñïàñèòåëíè ðàçêîïêè íà çàñòðàøåíèòå îò ñúâðåìåííîòî ñòðîèòåëñòâî ó÷àñòúöè.  ðåçóëòàò íà òÿõ ñà ïðîó÷åíè ñåâåðîèçòî÷íàòà áîéíà êóëà, ÷àñò îò ñåâåðíàòà êðåïîñòíà ñòåíà è îñòàíêè îò ÷åòèðè ñãðàäè. Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ ñïîäåëÿ ñúäáàòà íà îñòàíàëèòå êðåïîñòè ïî äåñíèÿ áðÿã íà Äîëåí Äóíàâ. Òÿ çàãèâà ïîä óäàðèòå íà àâàðè è ñëàâÿíè â êðàÿ íà VI è íà÷àëîòî íà VII âåê. Ïî-êúñíî, ïðåç IX – X âåê, âúðõó íåéíèòå ðóèíè, âúçíèêâà ñðåäíîâåêîâíî ñåëèùå.

Òåðèòîðèÿ çà èçñëåäâàíå è åêñïîíèðàíåÑåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ

Ïðè Ðóñå äóíàâñêèÿò áðÿã å âèñîê è ñòðúìåí, óêðåïåí ñ ìàñèâíà êåéîâà ñòåíà. Îáðàçóâàíà å ïîäëîæêà íà òåðàñà, ïî êîÿòî ïðåìèíàâà åäèí òðàíçèòåí êîëîâîç, à îñòàíàëîòî ïðîñòðàíñòâî äî Ìîðñêèÿ êëóá å ïðåâúðíàòî â êðàéáðåæåí ïàðê. Äî íåãî ñëèçàò òðè ïåøåõîäíè ïàñàðåëà - ïîä Ïðîôåñèîíàëíàòà ãèìíàçèÿ ïî îáëåêëî Íåäêà Èâàí Ëàçàðîâà, ïîä Ïàìåòíèêà íà Áàáà Òîíêà è íàä Ìîðñêèÿ êëóá.

Òåðèòîðèÿ çà ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ è íàìåñàÏàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé è ïàñàðåëèòå

 ÷åñò íà ïàäíàëèòå âúâ âîéíèòå ìîðÿöè è çà îçíàìåíóâàíå íà 50-ãîäèøíèíàòà îò ñúçäàâàíåòî íà Äóíàâñêàòà ôëîòèëèÿ è Ìîðñêà ÷àñò â Ðóñå íà 19 äåêåìâðè 1930 ãîäèíà â äâîðà íà ôëîòñêàòà êàçàðìà íà óëèöà Ðàäåöêè ¹ 18 áèë îòêðèò ïàìåòíèê. Àâòîð íà ôèãóðàòà íà ìîðÿêà å Ãåîðãè Ãåîðãèåâ. Íà ïèåäåñòàëà ïîä ïàìåòíèêà ñå ÷åòå: Îò òóê çàïî÷íà áúëãàðñêîòî ìîðÿ÷åñòâî. Íà ïàìåòíà ïëî÷à, ïîä ñòèõà È òâîéòî èìå êàò ìúëâÿõà, Áúëãàðèéî, çà òåáå òå óìðÿõà îò Èâàí Âàçîâ, â òàáëèöà ñà ïîñî÷åíè èìåíàòà íà çàãèíàëèòå îôèöåðè, ïîäîôèöåðè è ìîðÿöè. Ïðåç 1968 ãîäèíà, ïîä ïðåäëîã çà ïðîêàðâàíå íà ïúòåí âúçåë, ïàìåòíèêúò å ðàçðóøåí è åäâà ïðåç 1999 ãîäèíà å âúçñòàíîâåí â ïúðâîíà÷àëíèÿ ñè âèä íà âèñî÷èíàòà â áëèçîñò äî Âîåííèÿ êëóá.

Òåðèòîðèÿ çà îáíîâÿâàíå è èíòåãðèðàíåÏàìåòíèêà íà ìîðÿêà

The castle and the Sexsaginta Pristis – Sixty ships fleet station emerged in the time of Emperor Vespasian (69 – 79 AD). The castle was located on the main Danube road from present Belgrade to the Danube delta.No systematic archaeological excavations of the castle have been performed. Rescue excavations of the sections endangered by the modern civil engineering have been carried out. As a result, the northeastern military tower, part of the northern fortified wall and remains from four buildings have been explored. Sexsaginta Pristis shared the fate of the other fortresses on the right bank of the Lower Danube. It perished under the attacks of Avars and Slavs at the end of 6 c. and the beginning of 7 c. Later, in 9-10 c., a medieval settlement originated on its ruins.

Territory for research and displaySexsaginta Pristis

Near Ruse the Danube bank is high and steep, reinforced with a solid quay wall. A terrace pad is formed, on which a transit rail track runs, and the remaining space to the Maritime club is converted into a riverside park. Three pedestrian footbridges lead down to it – under the Nedka Ivan Lazarova Vocational Secondary School of Clothing, under the Baba Tonka monument and above the Maritime club.

Territory for reconstruction and interventionRuse Quay Park and the footbridges

In honour of the sailors fallen in the wars and to celebrate the 50th anniversary from the establishment of the Danube fleet and the Maritime unit in Ruse, a monument was inaugurated on 19 December 1930 in the yard of the naval barracks located on 18, Radetski St. The author of the sailor’s figure was Georgi Georgiev. The sign under the monument pedestal reads: Bulgarian seamanship started here. On a memorial plaque, under the line And uttering your name, Bulgaria, they gave their lives for you by Ivan Vazov, a table specifies the names of the fallen officers, NCOs and sailors. In 1968, on the pretext of constructing a road junction, the monument was demolished and was restored to its original condition as late as 1999 on the hill near the Military club.

Territory for renovation and integrationMonument of the Sailor

Analysis of the spaces and streets

Visi

on fo

r dev

elop

men

t of t

he c

entra

l riv

ersi

de z

one

59

1. Óëèöà Ñëàâÿíñêà

Óëèöàòà çàïî÷âà îò äóíàâñêèÿ áðÿã, êúäåòî å áèëà ìèòíèöàòà è ãàðà Ïðèñòàíèùå.  íåéíîòî íà÷àëî ñà áèëè Ðå÷íîòî óïðàâëåíèå, àðñåíàëúò è Ñòîëàðñêîòî ó÷èëèùå. Ïîíå ñòî ïúòè èìàõ ñëó÷àè äà ïðåäïî÷åòà äðóãà óëèöà ïðåä ìîÿòà ðóñåíñêà, íî íèòî âåäíúæ íå ñå ïîêîëåáàõ... Ñåãà èñêàì òÿ âñå òàêà äà îñòàíå âÿðíà íà ñåáå ñè - áîãàòà íà õîðà è ñúáèòèÿ, äà ïîðàæäà âúçõèòà ñ àðõèòåêòóðàòà ñè, ìíîãîëèêà, îáîæàâàíà. Åëèàñ Êàíåòè (1905 -1994, Íîáåëîâ ëàóðåàò ïî ëèòåðàòóðà çà 1981 ãîäèíà) 2. Óëèöà Êíÿæåñêà

Ãëàâíà ïðåäñòàâèòåëíà óëèöà ïðåäè Îñâîáîæäåíèåòî. Ñëåä 1878 ãîäèíà òîâà å óëèöàòà ñ õîòåëèòå è êàôåíåòàòà, êúäåòî ñà ñå ñúáèðàëè íàé-èçòúêíàòèòå ëè÷íîñòè íà ãðàäà. Ïúðâàòà êèíîïðîæåêöèÿ ó íàñ å áèëà ïðåç 1897 ãîäèíà â êàôå Ëîíäîí íà òàçè óëèöà. Òóê ñå å íàìèðàëà ðåçèäåíöèÿòà íà êíÿç Àëåêñàíäúð Áàòåíáåðã. À îùå ïðåäè Âòîðàòà ñâåòîâíà âîéíà ñà ïîñòðîåíè ïúðâèòå äâå ðóñåíñêè æèëèùíè êîîïåðàöèè. 3. Óëèöà Åïèñêîï Áîñèëêîâ

Íà òàçè óëèöà åäíà ñðåùó äðóãà ñå íàìèðàò ïðàâîñëàâíàòà öúðêâà Ñâåòè Íèêîëàé ×óäîòâîðåö è êàòîëè÷åñêàòà åêëåñèÿ Ñâåòè Ïàâåë îò êðúñòà, â êîÿòî ñå íàìèðà åäèíñòâåíèÿò â Áúëãàðèÿ ôóíêöèîíèðàù öúðêîâåí îðãàí. Äâå ðåëèãèè, êîèòî ñå óâàæàâàò è æèâåÿò çàåäíî. Öúðêâèòå ñà ðàçïîëîæåíè äî áðåãà íà Äóíàâà. Óëèöàòà îòâåæäà äî âèòèÿ ìîñò è äî ïàðêà Ðóñåíñêè êåé. Êàìáàíàðèÿòà íà Ñâåòè Ïàâåë îò êðúñòà äîìèíèðà â ñèëóåòà íà ãðàäà.4. Óëèöà Áàáà Òîíêà

Òóê ñå íàìèðàò êúùàòà-ìóçåé, êîÿòî âðåìåííî íå ðàáîòè è ïàìåòíèêúò íà Áàáà Òîíêà. Óëèöàòà å íàé-ïðÿêàòà âðúçêà ìåæäó ãðàäñêèÿ ïëîùàä è ïàðêà Ðóñåíñêè êåé. Òî÷íî ïðåäè ïàñàðåëêàòà ïåøåõîäíàòà çîíà ñå ðàøèðÿâà.5. Áóëåâàðä Öàð Îñâîáîäèòåë

Òîâà å åäíà îò ãëàâíèòå ïúòíè êîìóíèêàöèè â ãðàäà, êîÿòî ñå å ðàçâèëà â ïîñîêà ñåâåð - þã. Óëèöàòà å íàé-øèðîêàòà â ãðàäà ñ ïëîù çà ïåøåõîäöè ñ áîãàòî îçåëåíÿâàíå. Áóëåâàðäúò îñúùåñòâÿâà âðúçêàòà îò àâòîãàðà Þã äî ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé. Êîìóíèêàöèÿòà ìîæå äà áúäå ÷àñò îò ïúðâèÿ çåëåí ðèíã íà ãðàäà. Äúëáîêèÿò ïúò å äèðåêòíàòà âðúçêà îò Öàð Îñâîáîäèòåë äî êåÿ.

1. Slavyanska Street The street starts from the Danube bank, where the Customs Office and the Port station used to be. In its beginning were located the River Management Office, the arsenal and the Chair-making school. I had the opportunity at least a hundred times to show a preference for another street and not mine located in Ruse, but not one time did I hesitate... Now I would like it to remain much the same true to itself – rich in people and events, breeding admiration with its architecture, versatile and adored. Elias Canetti (1905 -1994, laureate of the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1981) 2. Knyazheska StreetA main representative street before the Liberation. After 1878 this was the street with the hotels and the cafes, where the most prominent people in the city gathered. The first film show in the country was in 1897 in the London cafå in this street. Here was located the residence of Knyaz Alexander Battenberg. In addition, the first two residential blocks of flats were built even before the Second World War. 3. Episkop Bosilkov Street In this street, opposite each other, are located the Orthodox church Saint Nicholas the Wonder-Worker and the Catholic ecclesia Saint Paul of the Cross, which houses the only functioning church organ in Bulgaria. Two religions that respect each other and live together. The churches are located near the Danube bank. The street leads to the spiral bridge and the Ruse Quay Park. The belfry of the Saint Paul of the Cross dominates the city outline.4. Baba Tonka Street Here are located the museum house, which is temporarily unoperational, and the monument of Baba Tonka. The street is the most direct connection between the city square and the Ruse Quay Park. Immediately before the footbridge the pedestrian zone expands.5. Tsar Osvoboditel Boulevard This is one of the main road communications in the city, which has developed in North-South direction. The thoroughfare is the widest one in the city, with richly landscaped pedestrian area. The boulevard implements the connection from South bus station to the Ruse Quay Park. The communication may be part of the first green ring of the city. The deep road is the direct connection from Tsar Osvoboditel to the quay.

Òåðèòîðèè çà ÷àñòè÷íà íàìåñà Territories for partial intervention

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

60

Öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà äíåñ The central riverside zone today

Visi

on fo

r dev

elop

men

t of t

he c

entra

l riv

ersi

de z

one

61

Îïîðåí ïëàíËåãåíäà / KeyI. Óñòðîéñòâåíè çîíè è óñòðîéñòâåíè ðåæèìè

Structure plan zones and structure plan regimes

Óñòðîéñòâåíà æèëèùíà çîíà ñ ïðåîáëàäàâàùî çàñòðîÿâàíå ñúñ ñðåäíà âèñî÷èíà è ïëúòíîñò

Structure plan residential zone with predominant development of medium height and density

Óñòðîéñòâåíà çîíà çà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëíî ïîëçâàíå îò òèï ñìåñåíà öåíòðàëíà çîíà Structure plan zone for multifunctional use of mixed central zone type

II. Ïîçåìëåíè èìîòè ñ óñòàíîâåíî ïðåäíàçíà÷åíèå

Land plots with establish land use

Ïîçåìëåíè èìîòè çà ñîöèàëíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà / Land plots for social infrastructure

Ïîçåìëåíè èìîòè íà òðàíñïîðòíî-êîìóíèêàöèîííà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà

Land plots for transport and communication infrastructure

Ïîçåìëåíè èìîòè çà îçåëåíÿâàíå / Land plots for landscaping

Âîäíè ïëîùè / Water areas

Æåëåçîïúòåí àðåàë / Railway area

III. Óëè÷íà ìðåæà / Street network

Ïúðâîñòåïåííà óëè÷íà ìðåæà / Primary street network

Âòîðîñòåïåííà óëè÷íà ìðåæà / Secondary street network

Ñúáèðàòåëíè óëèöà / Collector streets

Îáñëóæâàùè óëèöè / Service streets

Õàðàêòåðíè óëèöè â òåðèòîðèè ñ êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêî íàñëåäñòâî

Typical streets in territories with cultural and historical heritage

Òðîòîàðè è ïåøåõîäíè ïëîùè / Footways and pedestrian areas

Ïàðêîâà àëåéíà ìðåæà / Park alley network

IV. Ñãðàäè / Buildings

Æèëèùíè ñãðàäè / Residential buildings

Îáùåñòâåíî-îáñëóæâàùè ñãðàäè / Public service buildings

Ñãðàäè, ïàìåòíèöè íà êóëòóðàòà / Buildings which are cultural monuments

Äîïúëâàùî çàñòðîÿâàíå / Complementary development

V. Êåéîâè ñúîðúæåíèÿ / Quay facilities

Êåéîâà ñòåíà íà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè / Quay wall on Pridunavski Boulevard

Êåéîâà ñòåíà íà ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé / Quay wall of Ruse Quay Park

Ñòðîèòåëíà ãðàíèöà íà ðàçãëåæäàíàòà òåðèòîðèÿ

Construction limit of the territory under research

Basic plan

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

62

Êîíöåïöèÿ

Ãëàâíè ïîäõîäè îò âîäàòàMain approach roads from the water

1. Ïîäõîäè îò âîäàòà è ñóøàòà Approach roads from the water and the land

Âòîðîñòåïåííè ïîäõîäè îò âîäàòàSecondary approach roads from the water

Âòîðîñòåïåííè ïîäõîäè îò âîäàòàSecondary approach roads from the water

Ãëàâíè ïîäõîäè îò ñóøàòà

Main approach roads from the land

2. Âðúçêè ìåæäó ãðàäà è ðåêàòà Connections between the city and the river

Âòîðîñòåïåííè âðúçêè ìåæäó ãðàäà è ðåêàòà Secondary connections between the city and the river

Ãëàâíè âðúçêè ìåæäó ãðàäà è ðåêàòàMain connections between the city and the river

Ïðîìåíàäà ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåéRuse Quay Park promenade

3. Ïðîìåíàäè Promenades

Ïðîìåíàäà áóëåâàðä ÏðèäóíàâñêèPridunavski Boulevard promenade

Ãëàâíè öåíòðîâåMain centres

4. Òî÷êè íà ïðåñè÷àíå Points of intersection

Âòîðè÷íè öåíòðîâåSecondary centres

Concept

Visi

on fo

r dev

elop

men

t of t

he c

entra

l riv

ersi

de z

one

63

Âèçèÿòà çà ðàçâèòèå íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà å åäíà èäåÿ, êîÿòî èìà îòíîøåíèå êúì ñúùåñòâóâàùîòî ïîëîæåíèå è ïðåäëàãà öÿëîñòíî ðåøåíèå çà óñòðîéñòâåíèòå ïðîáëåìè íà òåðèòîðèÿòà.Îñíîâíàòà êîíöåïöèÿ íà ðàçðàáîòêàòà å ñëåäíàòà:Âñè÷êè ñúùåñòâóâàùè è íîâè ïîäõîäè îò âîäàòà è ñóøàòà äà ñå ñâúðæàò ÷ðåç ãëàâíè è âòîðîñòåïåííè âðúçêè. Ñåãàøíàòà ïðîìåíàäà íà ïàðêà äà ñå ïðîäúëæè è äà ñå ðàçâèå ïðåä êðåïîñòòà Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ. Ïðîìåíàäàòà íà íèâîòî íà áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè ñå óâåëè÷àâà è ñå ñúçäàâàò èçöÿëî íîâè îáåêòè. Ïðè ïðåñè÷àíåòî íà êîðèäîðèòå ñ ïðîìåíàäèòå ñå ãåíåðèðàò ôóíêöèîíàëíè çîíè. Òå ñå ñâúðçâàò ÷ðåç çåëåíè âðúçêè, îò êîèòî ñå îòâàðÿò äâå ïðîñòðàíñòâà – åäíî, íàñî÷åíî êúì ðåêàòà, è åäíî, îôîðìåíî ñ äúðâåñòíè ìàñèâè. Âðúçêèòå íà òåðèòîðèÿòà ñ ãðàäà ñå îáíîâÿâàò. Ñúçäàâàò ñå óëèöè ñ âèçóàëíî èçìåíåíèå íà ïðîñòðàíñòâîòî, óëèöè ñúñ ñòåñíåí ïðîôèë è çîíè ñ ïðåäèìñòâî çà ïåøåõîäíîòî äâèæåíèå.

The vision for development of the riverside zone is an idea that is related to the existing situation and offers a comprehensive solution to the planning problems of the territory.The basic concept of the research is as follows:All existing and new approach roads from the water and the land will be connected through main and secondary connections. The present promenade in the park needs to be extended and developed in front of the Sexsaginta Pristis castle. The promenade at the level of Pridunavski Boulevard is extended and entirely new sites are created. Functional zones are generated upon the intersection of the corridors with the promenades. They are connected through green connections, from which two spaces open – one directed to the river, and one shaped by tree massifs. The connections of the territory with the city are renovated. Streets with visual modification of the space, streets with narrowed profile and zones with pedestrian traffic priority are created.

Çîíà çà íàóêàScientific zone

5. Ôóíêöèîíàëíè çîíè Functional zones

Òúðãîâñêà çîíàCommercial zone

Ïðåäñòàâèòåëíà çîíàRepresentative zone

Êîíôåðåíòåí öåíòúðConference centre

7. Çåëåíè ïðîñòðàíñòâà Green spaces

6. Ôóíêöèîíàëíè çîíè Green connections

Çåëåíè âðúçêè íà íèâîòî íà áóëåâàðä ÏðèäóíàâñêèGreen connections at the level of Pridunavski Boulevard

Îòâîðåíî ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñ ãëåäêà êúì ðåêàòàOpen space overlooking the river

Ïðîñòðàíñòâî, îôîðìåíî ñ äúðâåñíè ìàñèâèSpace shaped with tree massifs

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

64

Òðèèçìåðåí ìîäåë íà íîâèÿ òðàíñïîðòíî-êîìóíèêàöèîíåí ïúòåí âúçåë Three-dimensional model of the new transport and communication road junction

Visi

on fo

r dev

elop

men

t of t

he c

entra

l riv

ersi

de z

one

65

Îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíî ðåøåíèå íà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðàæíà çîíàËåãåíäà / KeyI. Óñòðîéñòâåíè çîíè è óñòðîéñòâåíè ðåæèìè Structure plan zones and structure plan regimes

Óñòðîéñòâåíà æèëèùíà çîíà ñ ïðåîáëàäàâàùî çàñòðîÿâàíå ñúñ ñðåäíà âèñî÷èíà è ïëúòíîñò

Structure plan residential zone with predominant development of medium height and density

Óñòðîéñòâåíà çîíà çà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëíî ïîëçâàíå îò òèï ñìåñåíà öåíòðàëíà çîíà Structure plan zone for multifunctional use of mixed central zone type II. Ïîçåìëåíè èìîòè ñ óñòàíîâåíî ïðåäíàçíà÷åíèå / Land plots with established land use

Ïîçåìëåíè èìîòè çà îçåëåíÿâàíå / Land plots for landscaping

Âîäíè ïëîùè / Water areas

Æåëåçîïúòåí àðåàë / Railway area

Ïîçåìëåíè èìîòè çà îçåëåíÿâàíå / Land plots for landscaping

III. Óëè÷íà ìðåæà / Street network

Ïúðâîñòåïåííà óëè÷íà ìðåæà / Primary street network

Âòîðîñòåïåííà óëè÷íà ìðåæà / Secondary street network

Ñúáèðàòåëíè óëèöà / Collector streets

Îáñëóæâàùè óëèöè / Service streets

Îáñëóæâàùà óëèöà ñúñ ñòåñíåí ïðîôèë / Service street with narrowed profile

Óëèöè ñ âèçóàëíî èçìåíåíèå íà ïðîñòðàíñòâîòî / Streets with visual modification of the space

Çîíà ñ ïðèîðèòåò íà ïåøåõîäöèòå è çàáàâåíî äâèæåíèå íà àâòîìîáèëíèÿ òðàíñïîðò Zone with pedestrian priority and slowed down road traffic

Òðîòîàðè è ïåøåõîäíè ïëîùè / Footways and pedestrian areas

Ïàðêîâà àëåéíà ìðåæà / Park alley network

Ìîñòèê êúì ðåêàòà / Forebridge to the river

IV. Ñãðàäè / Buildings

Ñúùåñòâóâàùè ñãðàäè / Existing buildings

Íîâîïðîåêòèðàíè ñãðàäè / Newly designed buildings

V. Çåëåíè ïëîùè / Green areas Çåëåíè ïëîùè çà îáùåñòâåíî ïîëçâàíå / Green areas for public use Çåëåíè òåðàñè / Green terraces

- Ñòðîèòåëíà ãðàíèöà íà ðàçãëåæäàíàòà òåðèòîðèÿ

Construction limit of the territory under research

Volumetric and spatial solution to the central Riverside zone

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

66

Íîâèÿò ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë íà ãðàä Ðóñå. Êúì ñãðàäàòà å îñèãóðåí ïàðêèíã çà ïðåñòîé íà àâòîìîáèëè è àâòîáóñè. Íà çàäåí ïëàí ñå âèæäà íà÷àëîòî íà òóíåëíèÿ ó÷àñòúê îò áóëåâàðä Ïðèäóíàâñêè. Ïðîåêòúò çàïàçâà ïåøåõîäíàòà ïàñàðåëêà ïðåä ïàìåòíèêà íà Áàáà Òîíêà.

The new passenger terminal of the city of Ruse. A car park is provided by the building for parking cars and buses. The beginning of the tunnel section of Pridunavski Boulevard can be seen in the background. The project preserves the pedestrian footbridge in front of the monument of Baba Tonka.

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

68

Ïîãëåä êúì íîâèÿ ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë è ïúòåí âúçåë. Êðúñòîâèùåòî îñúùåñòâÿâà âðúçêàòà ìåæäó áóëåâàðäèòå Öàð Îñâîáîäèòåë è Ïðèäóíàâñêè. Àâòîìîáèëíèÿò äîñòúï äî íîâèÿ ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë å âúçìîæåí ïîä ìîñòîâîòî ñúîðúæåíèå. Íà çàäåí ïëàí - íîâ ïåøåõîäåí ìîñò ïðåä õîòåë Ðèãà.

A view of the new passenger terminal and road junction. The crossroads implements the connection between the boulevards Tsar Osvoboditel and Pridunavski. The car access to the new passenger terminal is possible under the bridge facility. In the background – a new pedestrian bridge in front of Riga hotel.

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

70

Ïîãëåä êúì ïàðê Ðóñåíñêè êåé îò âèòèÿ ìîñò. Ïðîìåíàäàòà íà ïàðêà å ðàçøèðåíà ,îñèãóðåíè ñà ëåíòè çà âåëîñèïåäèñòè â äâå ïîñîêè. Ïàíîðàìíè ïëîùàäêè è àìôèòåàòúð êúì ðåêàòà ðàçêðèâàò íîâè õîðèçîíòè çà ïîñåòèòåëèòå. Ìåæäó áîãàòî îçåëåíÿâàíå ñå ðàçâèâàò äåòñêè ïëîùàäêè çà îòäåëíè âúçðàñòîâè ãðóïè.

A view of Ruse Quay Park from the spiral bridge. The promenade of the park is expanded, and lanes for cyclists in two directions are provided. Panoramic grounds and amphitheatre to the river reveal new horizons to the visitors. Children’s playgrounds for different age groups are developed among lush landscaping.

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

72

Ñåãàøíèÿò Ìîðñêè êëóá ñå ïðåâðúùà â Êóëòóðåí öåíòúð Äóíàâ – ïðèñòàíèùå çà ìëàäè õîðà. Ïëàòôîðìàòà ïðåä ñãðàäàòà ìîæå äà ñå ïîêðèâà è äà ñå ïðåâðúùà â ñöåíà çà ìàñîâè ñúáèòèÿ. Ïðîìåíàäàòà íà ïàðêà çàâúðøâà â ìàëêî ïëîùàäíî ïðîñòðàíñòâî ñ ôîíòàíè.

The present Maritime club is converted into Dunav cultural centre – a port for young people. The platform in front of the building may be covered and converted into a stage for mass events. The promenade of the park ends in a small square space with fountains.

Âèçè

ÿ çà

ðàç

âèò

èå í

à öå

íòðà

ëíàò

à êð

àéáð

åæíà

çîí

à

74

Ðèìñêèÿò êàñòåë Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ å èíòåãðèðàí â ñúâðåìåííàòà ñòðóêòóðà íà ãðàäà. Ñåâåðíàòà êðåïîñòíà å åêñïîíèðàíà â ñèëóåòà îòêúì ðåêàòà. Ïðåäâèäåíà å ïåøåõîäíà âðúçêà ìåæäó êàñòåëà è ïàðêà íàä àâòîìîáèëíîòî äâèæåíèå. Ïðîìåíàäàòà íà ïàðêà ïðîäúëæàâà ïîä êðåïîñòòà è ïðåäëàãà ðàçëè÷íè àòðàêöèè çà ïîñåòèòåëèòå. Çîíàòà ìîæå äà áúäå åäíà îò íàé-àêòèâíèòå â ãðàäà âå÷åð.

The Roman castle Sexsaginta Pristis is integrated into the modern structure of the city. The northern fortified wall is displayed in the outline to the river. A pedestrian connection is provided between the castle and the park over the road traffic. The promenade of the park continues under the castle and offers different attractions for the visitors. The zone can be one of the most active ones in the city in the evening.

76Óëèöà ÊíÿæåñêàKnyazheska Street

Ñúùåñòâóâàùî ïîëîæåíèå / Existing situation

Ïðîåêòíî ïðåäëîæåíèå / Project proposal

Ðàçðàáîòêàòà ïðåäëàãà îáíîâÿâàíå íà âðúçêèòå ìåæäó ãðàäà è ðåêàòà. Àâòîìîáèëíîòî äâèæåíèåòî íà óëèöà Ñëàâÿíñêà ñëåä êðúñòîâèùåòî ñ óëèöà Îòåö Ïàèñèé ñòàâà åäíîïîñî÷íî è ñå ñúçäàâà çîíà ñ ïðåäèìíî ïåøåõîäíî äâèæåíèå. Áóëåâàðä Öàð Îñâîáîäèòåë ñå îáíîâÿâà ÷ðåç íîâî îôîðìëåíèå íà ëàíäøàôòà è ãðàäñêàòà ìåáåë. Ïî óëèöèòå Êíÿæåñêà è Åïèñêîï Áîñèëêîâ ïåøåõîäíîòî äâèæåíèå ñå ñòèìóëèðà ÷ðåç âèçóàëíîòî èçìåíåíèå íà ïðîñòðàíñòâîòî. Ïðîôèëúò íà óëè÷íîòî ïëàòíî íà óëèöà Áàáà Òîíêà ñå ñòåñíÿâà.

The research proposes renovation of the connections between the city and the river. The road traffic in Slavyanska street after the junction with Otets Paisiy Street becomes one-way and a zone with predominantly pedestrian traffic is created. Tsar Osvoboditel Boulevard is renovated through new shaping of the landscape and the urban furniture. In the streets Knyazheska and Episkop Bosilkov pedestrian traffic is stimulated through the visual modification of the space. The street lane profile of Baba Tonka Street is narrowed.

Ïåøåõîäíè ïëîùè â òåðèòîðèè ñ êóëòóðíî – èñòîðè÷åñêî íàñëåäñòâîPedestrian areas in territories with cultural and historical heritage

Óëèöà ÑëàâÿíñêàSlavyanska Street

Visi

on fo

r dev

elop

men

t of t

he c

entra

l riv

ersi

de z

one

77Óëèöà Åïèñêîï ÁîñèëêîâEpiskop Bosilkov Street

Óëèöà Áàáà Òîíêà Baba Tonka Street

Áóëåâàðä Öàð ÎñâîáîäèòåëTsar Osvoboditel Boulevard

78

Èçòî÷íèöè íà èíôîðìàöèÿ Ãðàä Ðóñå è ðåêàòà / The city of Ðóñå and the river

Îáùèíà Ðóñå. Àðõèâ. Óñòðîéñòâåíè ïëàíîâå çà ðàçãëåæäàíàòà òåðèòîðèÿ. Municipality of Ruse. Archive. City structure plans for the territory under research. Äúðæàâíî ïðåäïðèÿòèå Ïðèñòàíèùíà èíôðàñòðóêòóðà. Êîíêóðñ çà îáåìíî-ïðîñòðàíñòâåíî ïðîó÷âàíå çà èçãðàæäàíå íà ìíîãîôóíêöèîíàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè òåðìèíàë â çîíàòà íà Öåíòðàëåí ïúòíè÷åñêè êåé, ãðàä Ðóñå. State-owned Enterprise Port Infrastructure. Tender for volumetric and spatial survey for construction of a multifunctional passenger terminal in the zone of Central passenger quay, city of Ruse.

Õàðàêòåðíè ãðàäîâå íà ðåêà Äóíàâ / Characteristic towns and cities on the Danube Ãðàäîâå ñ áîãàòî êóëòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêî íàñëåäñòâî â êðàéáðåæíàòà èâèöà íà ðåêà Äóíàâ Towns and cities with rich cultural and historical heritage in the riverside area of the Danube: http://www.seecorridors.eu/ Ñíèìêîâ ìàòåðèàë: èíæ. Íèêîëàé Ãåí÷åâ / Photographs: eng. Nikolay Genchev Ãðàä Óëì, Ãåðìàíèÿ / City of Ulm, Germany Ïðàçíèöèòå íà ãðàäà / The city festivals: http://www.schwoermontag.com/info/index.html Ãðàä Ðåãåíñáóðã, Ãåðìàíèÿ / City of Regensburg, Germany Òðèàòëîíúò â Ðåãåíñáóðã / The Triathlon in Regensburg: http://www.tristar-regensburg.de/ Ïðîñòðàíñòâåíà ñòðóêòóðà è ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâåíî ïëàíèðàíå Spatial structure and city planning: http://www.regensburg.de/rathaus/stadtentwicklung-in-regensburg/ regensburg-plan-2005/3-raumstruktur-staedtebau/15816 Ãðàä Ëèíö, Àâñòðèÿ / City of Linz, Austria Ìóçèêàëåí ôåñòèâàë Îáëàöè îò çâóöè / Cloud of Sound musical festival: http://www.klangwolke.at/ Ôåñòèâàëúò íà ãðàä Ëèíö / Linz Fest: http://www.linz.at/english/culture/4560.asp Ìóçåé çà ñúâðåìåííî èçêóñòâî Ëåíòîñ / Lentos Modern Art Museum: http://www.lentos.at/en/2152_2194.asp Èçëîæáåí öåíòúð Àðñ Åëåêòðîíèêà / Àrs Electronica exhibition centre: http://www.aec.at/about_history_en.php Ñíèìêîâ ìàòåðèàë / Photographs: http://www.flickr.com/photos/arselectronica/collections/72157623122900657/ Ãðàä Çåìóí, Ñúðáèÿ / Town of Zemun, Serbia Ñíèìêîâ ìàòåðèàë: èíæ. Íèêîëàé Ãåí÷åâ / Photographs: eng. Nikolay Genchev

Äîáðèòå ïðèìåðè â ñâåòîâíàòà ïðàêòèêà / The good examples in the world practice Ïðîìåíàäàòà Ñàìóåë äå ×àìïëàéí, Êâåáåê, Êàíàäà The promenade Samuel-de Champlain, Quebec, Canada: http://www.daoustlestage.com/site/fr/accueil Öåíòðàëíàòà áðåãîâà ëèíèÿ â Òîðîíòî, Êàíàäà

The central waterfront in Toronto, Canada: http://www.west8.nl/projects/all/toronto_central_waterfront/ Âèñîêà ëèíèÿ â Íþ Éîðê, ÑÀÙ / High Line in New York, USA: http://www.thehighline.org/; http://www.fieldoperations.net/ Ìîðñêèÿò áðÿã íà Çàäàð, Õúðâàòèÿ / The Riva of Zadar, Croatia: Ïîçäðàâúò íà ñëúíöåòî / Greeting to the Sun: http://www.croatia.org/crown/articles/9541/1/Spectacular-Monument-to-The-Sun-in-the-city-of-Zadar- by-Nikola-Baiae.html Ìîðñêèÿò îðãàí / The Sea Organ: http://www.croatia.org/crown/articles/9359/1/Nikola-Baiae-author-of-the-Zadar-Sea-Organ.html

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå è åâðîðåãèîíà Ðóñå – Ãþðãåâî The riverside zone of the city of Ruse and the Ruse-Giurgiu Euroregion Äîéêîâ, Ì. Åâðîðåãèîí Ðóñå – Ãþðãåâî êàòî ïðåäïîñòàâêà çà ðàçâèòèåòî íà èêîíîìè÷åñêà îñ îò Êàðïàòèòå äî Ñòàðà ïëàíèíà. –  ñáîðíèê: Íàó÷íè òðóäîâå íà Ðóñåíñêè óíèâåðñèòåò Àíãåë Êúí÷åâ, òîì 48, ñåðèÿ 5.2. Ðóñå, 2009. Äîéêîâ, Â. Ãðàäîâåòå áëèçíàöè Ðóñå è Ãþðãåâî – åäèí åâðîðåãèîí â äåéñòâèå: ïîãëåä êúì ìèíàëîòî, íàñòîÿùåòî è áúäåùåòî. –  ñáîðíèê: Òðóäîâå íà Þáèëåéíà íàó÷íà êîíôåðåíöèÿ, òîì 44, ñåðèÿ 5.3. Ðóñå, 2005. Íåíîâ, Í. Ðóñå è ðåêà Äóíàâ. Ðàçìèòèòå ÷åðòè íà ëîêàëíàòà èäåíòè÷íîñò. –  ñáîðíèê: Íàó÷íè òðóäîâå íà Ðóñåíñêè óíèâåðñèòåò “Àíãåë Êúí÷åâ” Ïîäñåêöèÿ Äóíàâñêèÿò ïúò è ðåãèîíàëíèòå èäåíòè÷íîñòè. Ðóñå, 2001. Ãðàä Ãþðãåâî: http://icp.donauhanse.net/index.php?id=384

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà è öåíòúðúò íà ãðàä Ðóñå / The riverside zone and Ruse city centre Îáùèíà Ðóñå. Àðõèâ. Óñòðîéñòâåíè ïëàíîâå çà ðàçãëåæäàíàòà òåðèòîðèÿ. Municipality of Ruse. Archive. City plans for the territory under research. Äîéêîâ, Â. Ðóñå. Áèáëèîãðàôèÿòà íà åäèí ãðàä. Ðóñå, 2008.

Îöåíêà è ïðîáëåìè íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà / Evaluation and problems of the riverside zone Àíãåëîâà, È. Ñòðàòåãèÿ çà îáíîâÿâàíå è ðàçâèòèå íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå (äèïëîìíà ðàáîòà). Óíèâåðñèòåò ïî àðõèòåêòóðà, ñòðîèòåëñòâî è ãåîäåçèÿ, êàòåäðà Ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâî. Ñîôèÿ, 2011.

Âèçèÿ çà ðàçâèòèå íà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà Vision for development of the central riverside zone Àíãåëîâà, È. Ñòðàòåãèÿ çà îáíîâÿâàíå è ðàçâèòèå íà êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä Ðóñå (äèïëîìíà ðàáîòà). Óíèâåðñèòåò ïî àðõèòåêòóðà, ñòðîèòåëñòâî è ãåîäåçèÿ, êàòåäðà „Ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâî“. Ñîôèÿ, 2011. Ñòàí÷åâ, Ä. Ðèìñêà êðåïîñò Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ. –  áðîøóðà: Ðèìñêà êðåïîñò Ñåêñàãèíòà Ïðèñòèñ. Ðåãèîíàëåí èñòîðè÷åñêè ìóçåé Ðóñå. Äîéêîâ, Â. Ðóñå. Áèáëèîãðàôèÿòà íà åäèí ãðàä. Ðóñå, 2008.

79

Èðèíà Ïåòðîâà ÀíãåëîâàÐîäåíà íà 13 ìàé 1986 ãîäèíà. Çàâúðøâà ôðåíñêà ïàðàëåëêà êúì Àíãëèéñêà ãèìíàçèÿ Ãåî Ìèëåâ â ãðàä Ðóñå. Ïðåç ÿíóàðè 2011 ãîäèíà ñå äèïëîìèðà ñïåöèàëíîñò Àðõèòåêòóðà â êàòåäðà Ãðàäîóñòðîéñòâî íà Óíèâåðñèòåòà ïî àðõèòåêòóðà, ñòðîèòåëñòâî è ãåîäåçèÿ, Ñîôèÿ.

Irina Petrova AngelovaBorn on 13 May 1986, Irina Angelova completed the course of study in the French Language class at Geo Milev English Language School in Ruse. In January 2011 she graduated from the University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy in Sofia, specialising in the subject of Architecture at the Urban Planning department.

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà ãðàä ÐóñåÏðîáëåìè è ïåðñïåêòèâè ïðè ïëàíèðàíåòî

Èðèíà ÀíãåëîâàÑåïòåìâðè 2011 ãîäèíà Ðóñå

Àâòîð: Èðèíà ÀíãåëîâàÐåäàêòîð: Èâî ÆåéíîâÏðåâîä: Êàëîÿí Íà÷åâþÄèçàéí: Êðèñòèíà Ñòåôàíîâà, ÐÀ Àâå Âîêñ ÎÎÄ Ïå÷àòíèöà: Áåò Ïðèíò, ÑîôèÿISBN 978-954-337-127-3

The riverside zone of the city of RusePlanning problems and perspectives

Irina AngelovaSeptember 2011 Ruse

Author: Irina AngelovaEditor: Ivo ZheynovTranslator: Kaloyan NachevDesign: Kristina Stefanova Ave Vox Advertising Agency Ltd.Printing house: Bet Print, Sofia

Êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà íà Ðóñå å åäèí îò íàé-öåííèòå àêòèâè íà ãðàäà. Ïðåç ïîñëåäíèòå 60 ãîäèíè ñà ðàçðàáîòâàíè ðàçëè÷íè óñòðîéñòâåíè ïëàíîâå çà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà è çà öåëèÿò ïðèëåæàù áðÿã. Ïî ñòå÷åíèe íà îáñòîÿòåëñòâàòà òåçè ïðîåêòè íå ñà îñúùåñòâåíè. Äíåñ çîíàòà íà ãðàäà å ïðèîðèòåò è èçðàáîòâàíåòî íà öÿëîñòåí óñòðîéñòâåí ïëàí íà òåðèòîðèÿòà å èçêëþ÷èòåëíî àêòóàëåí âúïðîñ.

Íàñòîÿùàòà ðàçðàáîòêà ïðàâè êðàòêà ðåòðîñïåêöèÿ íà îñíîâíèòå àêöåíòè â èñòîðè÷åñêîòî ðàçâèòèå íà ãðàäà, îôîðìèëè êðàéáðåæíàòà çîíà â äíåøíèÿ é âèä. Ïðåäñòàâÿ èçñëåäâàíå íà ïðîáëåìàòèêàòà â ðåãîèíàëåí è åâðîïåéñêè ìàùàá, êàòî îòêðîÿâà îñíîâíè òåíöåíöèè â ðàçâèòèåòî íà ãðàäîâåòå ïî ðåêà Äóíàâ. Ïðåäëîæåíà e íîâà óðáàíèñòè÷íà âèçèÿ çà öåíòðàëíàòà êðàéáðåæíà çîíà, ÷èÿòî îñíîâíà öåë å äà ôîðìóëèðà äúëãîñðî÷íèòå ïðèîðèòåòè çà ðàçâèòèåòî íà òåðèòîðèÿòà.