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Digestive SystemPrinciples of Health Science
Day 1
Thought for the Day… Warm-up
Thought for the Day & Warm-up
http://padlet.com/wall/CHSHS13
What is digestion? What is the function of your…
mouth? stomach? small
intestine? colon?
Objectives: Students will be able to… describe the various organs in the digestive
system and analyze their functions.
Lesson: Digestive System
Quiz 6: Monday, May 5th, 2014
Agenda
What is Digestion? Physical and chemical
breakdown of food for use by the body
The Digestive System consists of the alimentary canal and the accessory organs
Digestive System
Utilization of Nutrients
Mechanical Digestion Mouth
Chemical Digestion Stomach
Absorption Small Intestine
Metabolism Cells
Long muscular tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus
Accessory organs: Salivary glands,
teeth, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Alimentary Canal
Mouth
Receives food as it enters the body Food is tasted,
broken down by teeth, lubricated by saliva, & swallowed
Teeth Mastication
Tongue Taste/manipulate food
Hard/Soft Palate Separates the mouth
from the nasal cavities & nasopharynx
Uvula Prevents food from
entering the nasopharynx
Salivary glands Produce saliva
Pharynx (Throat)
Carrier for both air and food Carries food to the
esophagus Food Bolus
When food is mixed saliva When bolus swallowed,
epiglottis closes to prevent food from entering the trachea
Muscular tube behind the trachea that carries food to the stomach
Peristalsis moves food toward stomach Rhythmic, wave-like muscle
movement
Esophagus
Digests/breaks down food with gastric juices (acids)
Two circular muscles that keep food in the stomach Cardiac sphincter
Between the esophagus/stomach Pyloric sphincter
Between the stomach/small intestine
Food stays in the stomach 1–4 hours
Chyme semi-liquid material of digested
food
Stomach
Absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream through villi Fingerlike projections on the lining
of the intestines Small intestine
i. Duodenum Connects to the stomach &
receives bile and pancreatic juices
ii. Jejunum Middle section
ii. Ileum Connects to the large intestine
Small Intestine
(continues)
Large Intestine Absorbs water and
stores indigestible materials (feces)
Cecum Appendix
Colon Ascending Transverse Descending Sigmoid
Rectum Storage area for feces
Anus Expels fecal material/stool
Liver Secretes bile Detoxifies substances
(alcohol) Gallbladder
Stores bile until it is ready to be released into the small intestine
Bile Helps to digest/break up fats
Liver & Gallbladder
Fish-shaped organ located behind the stomach
Produces pancreatic juices to digest
food (small intestine) insulin to metabolize sugars
(bloodstream)
Pancreas
Diagram Labeling Word Bank
EsophagusStomachSmall IntestineCecumAscending ColonTransverse Colon
Descending ColonSigmoid ColonRectumAnusLiverGallbladder
Diagram Answers A. Liver B. Gallbladder C. Ascending Colon D. Small Intestine E. Cecum F. Rectum G. Anus H. Sigmoid Colon I. Descending Colon J. Transverse Colon K. Stomach L. Esophagus
Labeling
Activity: Create a children’s
book about where poop comes from.
Include the main structures from #5-12 Write at least 1 FACT
from your notes about each structure
Include what happens with Constipation Diarrhea
This is due TODAY at the END of CLASS!
Review & Looking Ahead…
Discussed: the various organs in the digestive system and analyze their functions.
Next class topic: Wellness - Nutrition
Quiz 6: Monday, May 5th, 2014