Digestion and Absorption

10/11/11

Georgia Performance Standard

S7L2 Students will describe the structure and function

of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. c. Explain the purpose of the major organ

systems in the human body (i.e. digestion,

respiration, reproduction, circulation, excretion, movement, control, and coordination, and for protection from disease.)

Essential Questions

• What digestive processes occur in the small intestine, and how are other digestive organs involved?

• What role does the large intestine play in digestion?

The Small Intestine

• Almost all chemical digestion and

absorption of nutrients takes place in the

small intestines.

The Small Intestine

• When fluid leaves the stomach, it goes to the small intestine. The small intestine is the part of the digestive system where most chemical digestion takes place.

• Chemicals from the small intestine and other nearby organs break down the rest of the food molecules in the small intestine.

• The lining of the small intestine is covered with millions of tiny bumps called villi. When digestion is finished, food molecules pass through the villi into the blood

The Small Intestine

1. What takes place in the small intestine?

Almost all chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place in the small intestine.

The Small Intestine

2. List the three organs that produce the enzymes and secretions used in the small intestine.

a. small intestine

b. liver

c. pancreas

The Liver

3. The largest organ inside the

body, which is located in the

upper right part of the

abdomen, is the liver.

The Liver

4. A substance made by the liver that breaks up fat particles is called bile.

The Gallbladder

5. What is the role of the gallbladder?

The role of the

gallbladder is to

store bile.

The Pancreas

6. Enzymes produced by the pancreas help break down starches, proteins, and fats.

Absorption in the Small Intestine 7. The tiny finger- shaped structures that cover the inner surface of the small intestine are called villi.

(singular villus)

Absorption in the Small Intestine

8. Nutrient molecules pass from the small intestine into the bloodstream through the villi.

The Large Intestine

. As the material moves through the large intestine, water is absorbed into the blood stream. The remaining materialis readied for elimination from the body.

The large Intestine

• Any material that is not absorbed in the small intestine moves on to the large intestine. The large intestine is the last organ in the digestive system.

• The main job of the large intestine is to remove water from the material that passes through it

• The waste material that is left leaves the body through the anus. The anus is an opening to the outside of the body.

The large Intestine

1. The bacteria in the large intestine feed on the material passing through and make certain vitamins for the body.2. The short tube at the end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed is called the rectum.3. Circle the letter of the muscular opening

through which wastes are removed from the body. a. rectum b. anus c. pancreas

Assignment

Using your notebook paper,

answer the essential questions.

Write the questions and the

answers.

Essential Questions

• What digestive processes occur in the small intestine, and how are other digestive organs involved?

• The small intestine is where most chemical digestion takes place.

• Enzymes and secretions produces by the small intestines, the liver, and pancreas finish the chemical digestion of foods.

Essential Questions

• The role of the liver is to produce bile.

• Bile is a substance that breaks up fat particles.

• Bile flows from the liver into the gallbladder, the organ that stores the bile.

• The pancreas produce enzymes that flow into the small intestine and help break down starches, proteins, and fats.

Essential Questions

• What digestive processes occur in the small intestine, and how are other digestive organs involved?

Essential Questions

• What role does the large intestine play in digestion?

• The large intestine contains bacteria that feed on material passing through.

• As material move through the large intestine, water is absorbed into the blood stream. The remaining material is readied for elimination from the body.