Upload
madison
View
69
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Diffusion and Osmosis: How does stuff get into and out of a cell?. The Cell in its Environment Ch 7, Section 2 L3 Biology. Molecules are always moving. Molecules move randomly and bump into each other and other barriers. Diffusion. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Diffusion and Osmosis: How does stuff get into
and out of a cell?
The Cell in its EnvironmentCh 7, Section 2
L3 Biology
Molecules are always moving• Molecules move randomly and bump into
each other and other barriers
Diffusion• Movement of molecules from an area of
high concentration to an area of lower concentration
• Continues until equilibrium is reached.
Diffusion
Diffusion• Occurs without control or energy use – it
is called Passive Transport• Affected by:
• Size of molecules• Size of pores in a membrane• Temperature• Stirring
Simple Diffusion
Cell Membranes are Semipermeable• Let some molecules pass through and not
others.– Small molecules pass through – ex: water– Large molecules can’t pass through – ex:
proteins and complex carbohydrates
Which molecules will diffuse?1 2 3 4
5 6
How long does diffusion continue?• Until equilibrium is reached:
– This means there will be an equal distribution of molecules throughout the space – this is why odors smell strong at first, then seem to disappear
Osmosis – A Special kind of Diffusion
• Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
• Cytoplasm is a solution of water and solutes (stuff dissolved in the water).
• Water moves into and out of cells because of the different concentrations of the solutes.
• Different kinds of cells react differently to osmosis, depending on the solution they are in:
Blood in different solutions:
Active Transport – uses carrier molecules to move molecules from an area of lower
concentration to an area of higher concentration
Endocytosis
• Very large molecules or substances must enter the cell by the membrane pinching inward:
Pinocytosis• The cell takes in liquid droplets and
forms a vacuole
Phagocytosis
• The cell takes in large particles
Exocytosis• The cell gets rid of secretions or wastes
The End
Phagocytosis in action – phagocyte (white blood cell)
going after a bacteria cell