Different models of an energy storage subsystem for a ... · EMR’13 Lille Sept. 2013 Summer School EMR’13 “Energetic Macroscopic Representation” « Different models of an

EMR’13

Lille

Sept. 2013

Summer School EMR’13“Energetic Macroscopic Representation”

«« Different models of an energy storage Different models of an energy storage

subsystem for a hybrid locomotive subsystem for a hybrid locomotive »»

C. Mayet1,2,4, A. Bouscayrol1,2,4, J. Pouget3,4, W. Lhomme1,2,4, T. Letrouvé1,2,4

1L2EP, 2Université Lille1, 3SNCF, 4MEGEVH network

EMR’13

Lille

Sept. 2013


«« IntroductionIntroduction »»

3

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013

EMR’13, Lille, Sept. 20133

““Hybrid Electric LocomotiveHybrid Electric Locomotive””

- Context and Objectives -

SNCF has developed a demonstrator

of a new hybrid locomotive1

batteries power

electronics

Scaps fuel-Cell ICE

Energy

management

First energy managements have

been developed in heuristic way2

Problematic : even if electric railway transportation is often used, diesel-

electric locomotives are still used for non-electrified segment and specific tasks (switching, shunting, assistance operation…).

Global objective: development of a systematize control of hybrid

locomotive using the Energetic Macroscopic Representation

Investigate and test of new energy management strategies

Validate these strategies using HIL simulations

4

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



SM

Drawbacks : - No energetic storage for traction,

- Diesel engine is uninterrupted (Auxilairies, etc.)

- Diesel engine is not always in its maximal efficiency point.

Wheels

DCM

4*100 kW

Aux.

Locomotive BB 63413

- Locomotive’s Architecture -

Generation system Traction system

610 kW

DC

Bus

Moteur

DieselDieselEngine

5

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



Traction system

SM

Wheels

DCM

4*100 kW

Aux.

Generation system

610 kW

DC

Bus

Diesel

EngineDieselEngine

- Locomotive’s Architecture -

Locomotive PLATHEE

Storage system

215 kW

Moteur

DieselBat. 1 160 NiCd batteries (194 kWh)

1 600 Scaps (6,94 kWh)Moteur

DieselSuper

Cap.

Energy

managment

[Mayet 12]

dynamic and simplified

models of the traction system

[Baert 11]

Dynamic model of generation and

storage system

Objective: Define what is the convenient model of the generation and storage subsystems in order to make an energetic study?

MEGEVH

1.Generation subsystem

•Complete dynamic and

quasi-static models

2.Energy storage subsystem

•Complete dynamic,

simplified dynamic and

static models

3.Simulation results

•Comparisons between

the different models

EMR’13

Lille

Sept. 2013


«« Generation SubsystemGeneration Subsystem »»

Model, description and controlModel, description and control

7

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



chopper &

inverter //

uc

uc

ir sm

is sm

ird

vrd

us

is1,2

mch

mrec

θsm

vsdq

isdq

vrsd

irsd

irsd

ersd

vsq

isq

isq

esq

Tsm

Ωsh

WRSM

- Complete dynamic model (EMR) -

DC bus

uc

ism

ICE

TICE

Ωsh

TICE_ref

Fuel consumption map

+= smssmrsm

c

iii

u common

( )

=

+Ω=

Ω−=

=

sqksmdsm

rdsrsdsdshsq

shsqsqsd

rd

iXpT

iMiLpe

iLpe

e

η

0

ICEsmshshshsh TTdt

dJf −=Ω+Ω

ird

uc

ism

ir sm

is sm

is1

is2 us12

us13

vrd

Ωsh

Tsm

Ωsh

TICE

DC bus

chopper &

Inverter

synchronous

machine

ICE

All equations are included in the paper

8

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



- Complete dynamic model (IBC) -

θsm

chopper &

inverter //

DC bus

uc

ism

ICE

uc

uc

ir sm

is sm

ird

vrd

us

is1,2

vsdq

isdq

vrsd

irsd

irsd

ersd

vsq

isq

isq

esq

Tsm

TICE Ωsh

Ωsh

TICE_ref

mch

mrec

WRSM

is sm

Tsm_ref

irsd_ref

isq_ref vsq_ref

vrsd_ref

vsdq_ref us_ref

vrd_ref

KD1,2

Ωsh_ref

strategy ism_ref

9

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



- Quasi-static model -

DC bus

uc

ism

ICE

Tsm

TICE Ωsh

Ωsh

TICE_ref

Tsm_ref

strategy ism_ref

Ωsh_ref

Assumptions:

Fast dynamics (electric) are neglected

Torque control of the WRSM is perfectly achieved

Closed-control of the electric machine is well achieved

refsmsm

smc

smc

cksm

shsmsm TT

iu

iuk

u

Ti _ and

0 when1

0 when1 with =

<−

≥=

Ω=

η

9

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013

EMR’13

Lille

Sept. 2013


«« Energy Storage SubsystemEnergy Storage Subsystem »»

Model, description and controlModel, description and control

11

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



mch2,j.

vch2,j

ich2,j

is2,j

ubt tot,j mch1j,.

vch1,j

is1,j

is1,j

ubt tot,j

mch3,j.

vch3,j

is3,j

is3

ubt tot,j

imod bt,j

uc

ich1,j

ich3,j

uc

uc

uc

is2,j

//

smoothing

inductor choppers //

- Complete dynamic model (EMR) -

Bat.

Bat.

Bat.

Bat.

Bat.

ubt tot,j

ibt,j

series

DC bus

uc

ibt DC

=∑=

3

1

,,

, common

q

mjsjbt

jtotbt

ii

u

mjchjtotbtmjsindmjsind vuidt

dLiR ,,,, −=+

=∑=

3

1

,,mod

common

m

mjchjbt

c

ii

u

smoothing

Inductors

uc

ubt tot,j

ibt,j

is1,j

is2,j

is3,j

ich1,j

ich2,j

ich3,j

imod bt,j

uch1,j

uch2,j

uch3,j

choppers

DC

bus

bats

All equations are included in the paper

12

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



- Simplified dynamic model -

//

mch.

vch

ich

is

ubt tot imod bt

uc uc

is

3 3

// smoothing

inductor choppers //

4 DC bus

uc

ibt DC

290 Bat.

ubt

ibt

ubt tot

ibt

series

Assumptions:

All the battery cells, all the inductors and all the modules have the same

behaviour coupling elements are replaced by adaptation elements.

imod bt_ref

4

ibt DC_ref ich_ref

3

is_ref

vch_ref

13

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



- Static model -

Assumptions:

All the battery cells, all the inductors and all the modules have the same

behaviour coupling elements are replaced by adaptation elements.

Current module control is well achieved.

imod bt_ref

4

ibt DC_ref

//

imod bt

uc

chopper

4 DC bus

uc

ibt DC

290 Bat.

ubt

ibt

ubt tot

ibt

series

refbtbtbtc

btc

totbtkeqch

cbt

bt iiiu

iuk

u

uii _modmod

mod

modmod and

0 when1

0 when1 with =

<−

≥==

η

EMR’13

Lille

Sept. 2013


«« Simulation resultsSimulation results »»

15

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



- Comparisons of different models -

SM

Wheels

DCM4*100 kW

Aux.

Generation system Traction systemDCBus

ICE

Storage system

215 kW

Moteur

DieselBat. 1 160 NiCd batteries (194 kWh)

1 600 Scaps (6,94 kWh)Moteur

DieselSupercond.

Energy

managment

Velocity (km/h)

Time (s)

Batteries power (kW)

Time (s)

Supercapacitors power (kW)

Time (s)

ICE power (kW)

Time (s)

Other simulation results are given in the paper

16

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



- Comparisons of different models -

Simulation time is divided by 22 for an accuracy of 99,5%

More suitable for an energetic study

No fast time constant

Constant efficiencyCan be improve

using losses table

Less element: storage

system element have the same behavior

EMR’13

Lille

Sept. 2013


«« ConclusionConclusion »»

18

MEGEVH

EPE’13 Lille

September 2013



- Conclusion -

Conclusion

Determination of complete dynamic models using EMR,

Simplification of these models in an EMR philosophy,

Comparisons between the different models,

Obtaining of a suitable model for the energetic study of the locomotive with quasi-

static model (Simulation time is divided by 22 for an accuracy of 99,5%).

Perspectives

Use of this model for Hardware-In-the-Loop simulation,

Tests new energy management strategy.

Documents

Different models of an energy storage subsystem for a ... · EMR’13 Lille Sept. 2013 Summer School EMR’13 “Energetic Macroscopic Representation” « Different models of an