International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –

6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online), Volume 5, Issue 11, November (2014), pp. 01-03 © IAEME

1

DIELECTRIC CONSTANT STUDY OF POLYANILINE /

NiCoFe2O3 COMPOSITES

Divakar S.J1, Sangshetty Kalyane

2

1Department of Physics, Singhania University, Pacheri Bari Jhunjhunu, Rajastan, India

2Department of Physics, BKIT, Bhalki, Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT

The conducting polyaniline/mixed ferrite (PANI / NiCoFe2O3) composites were synthesized

by single step in situ polymerization technique by placing fine grinded powder of mixed ferrite

(NiCoFe2O3) during the polymerization of aniline. Dielectric constant of these composites was

investigated in the frequency range 102Hz to 10

7Hz. It is found that the Dielectric constant obeyed

the power law index and the variation of Dielectric constant with wt% of NiCoFe2O3 could be

related to conductivity relaxation phenomenon.

Key words: Polyaniline, Mixed Ferrite, Dielectric Constant.

1. INTRODUCTION

Polymers have traditionally been considered as a good electrical insulators and a variety of

their applications have relied on their insulating property [1]. However more than a decade now,

researchers have shown that certain class of polymers which are conjugated, exhibit semiconducting

behavior [2]. The discovery of doping has led to a further dramatic increase in the conductivity of

such conjugated polymers to values as high as 105 S/cm. The presence of an extended π conjugation

in polymers, however, confers the required mobility to charges that are created on the polymer

backbone (by the process of doping) and make them electrically conducting [3]. Conducting

polymers have become the foci of much research in materials science and among all; polyaniline and

polypyrrole have received greater attraction due to their favorable economics, easy synthesis,

environmental stability and unique chemistry [4]. The electrical conductivities of the intrinsically

and conducting polymer systems range from those insulators (<10−5

and 10−10

S/cm) to those of

typical semiconductors such as silicon (≈10−5

S/cm) and to those greater than 104 S/cm (nearly to

that of a good metal such as copper ≈5×105 S/cm) [5]. Applications of these polymers have begun to

emerge a new era. These include coating and blends for electrostatic dissipation and electromagnetic

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING

AND TECHNOLOGY (IJARET)

ISSN 0976 - 6480 (Print) ISSN 0976 - 6499 (Online) Volume 5, Issue 11, November (2014), pp. 01-03 © IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ IJARET.asp

Journal Impact Factor (2014): 7.8273 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com

IJARET

© I A E M E

International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –

6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online), Volume 5, Issue 11, November (2014), pp. 01-03 © IAEME

2

interface (EMI) shielding [6,7]. Electromagnetic radiation absorbs for welding (joining) of plastics,

conductive layers for light emitting polymer devices and anti corrosion for iron and steel [8].

2. EXPERIMENTAL

All Chemicals used are analytical grade (AR) and were procured, used as received. The

monomer aniline was doubly distilled prior to use. Synthesis of Polyaniline / NiCoFe2O3 composites

has been carried out by single step in situ polymerization technique. 0.1 mol of aniline was dissolved

in 1 M of Hydrochloric acid to form aniline hydrochloride. Fine grinded powder of NiCoFe2O3is

added in theweight percent of 10, 30 and 50 to the above solution with vigorous stirring to keep

NiCoFe2O3 suspended in the solution. To this reaction mixture, 0.1 M of oxidizing agent ammonium

persulphate [(NH4)2S2O8] in 1 M of Hydrochloric acid was added slowly with continuous stirring for

4-8 hr at 0-50C to polymerize. The precipitated powder was recovered, vacuum filtered and washed

with deionised water. Finally, the resultant precipitate was dried in an oven for 24hr to achieve

constant weight. In this way, three different PANI /NiCoFe2O3 composites with different weight of

NiCoFe2O3 (10, 30 & 50) in PANI have been synthesized [9-13]

2.1 Preparation of pallets

The pellets of 10 mm diameter are formed with thickness varying upto 2 mm by applying

pressure of 10 Tons in a UTM – 40 (40 Ton Universal testing machine).For conductivity

measurement, In this experiment, three different samples of each composite varying in their weight

percentage are investigated for their frequency dependent Dielectric constant.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Figure 1. shows the variation of ε' as a function of frequency for polyaniline – NiCoFe2O3

composites (different wt %). In all the cases studied here, it is observed that, the dielectric constant is

quite high at low frequency and decreases with increase in applied frequency but 30wt% of

composite shows maximum value. The observed behavior may be due to Debye like relaxation

mechanism taking place in all these materials.

5 .0 x 1 06

1 .0 x 1 07

1 .5 x 1 07

2 .0 x 1 07

2 .5 x 1 07

3 .0 x 1 07

3 .5 x 1 07

0 .0

2 .0 x 1 07

4 .0 x 1 07

6 .0 x 1 07

8 .0 x 1 07

1 .0 x 1 08

e'

F e r q u e n c y

1 0 % P C O F

3 0 % P C O F

5 0 % P C O F

Figure 1: Variation of ε' as a function of frequency for Polyaniline- NiCoFe2O3

International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –

6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online), Volume 5, Issue 11, November (2014), pp. 01-03 © IAEME

3

4. CONCLUSION

Polyaniline composites with different weight percentages of NiCoFe2O3 in PANI were

synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of monomer aniline. The results of Dielectric

constant show a strong dependence on the weight percent of NiCoFe2O3 in polyaniline.

REFERENCES

[1]. ArunkumarLagashetty and Venkataraman A , Resonance, 10(7), 2005

[2]. N.N.Mallikarjuna, AVenkataraman and T.M.Aminabhavi, J.Appl. Poly.Sc.94 (2004)2551.

[3]. M.V.Murgendraappa,M.V.N.Ambikaprasad, Mater.Res.Bull.41(2006)1364.

[4]. Maity, A., Biswas, M. J ApplPolymSci 2004, 94, 803.

[5]. Alenxander, M., Dunois, P. Mater SciEng 2000, 28,1.

[6]. S.C Raghavendra, S Khasim, M Revansiddappa, M.V.N Ambika Prasad, A B Kulkarni,

Bull.Mater.Sci.26(7)(2003)733.

[7]. H V Vijayanand, L Arunkumar, P M Gurubasavaraj, P M Veeresha Sharma, S Basavaraja,

ASaleem, A Venkataraman, Anil Ghanwat and N NMaldar, J Appl. Poly Sci. (In Pres).

[8]. Govindraj B, Shastry N V, Venkataraman, A, J.Appl. Poly. c.92(2004)1527.

[9]. Weon-Pil Tai, Jun-Gyu Kim, Jae-Hee Oh, Young-Sung Kim Sens and Actuators B (2004)

[10]. M V Murugendrappa, Syed Khasim and MVN Ambika Prasad. Bull. Mater. Sci. Vol. 28, No

6, (October 2005), 565-69.

[11]. Sangshettykalyane. International Journal of Science Research vol 1, issue 3, December 2012

pp121-124.

[12]. SangshettyKalyane, Magnetic properties study of polyaniline-CeO2 composites at X-Band

frequency. DeccanJournal of Chemistry. Vol.1, Issue-2, July 2014. p. 29-31.

[13]. SangshettyKalyane, Permeability study of Pani-Dy2O3 Composites in X-Band Frequency.

Deccan Journal of Chemistry. Vol.1. Issue-2, July 2014. p. 33-35.

[14]. K C Sajjan, Muhammad Faisal, Khened B.S and Syed Khasim, “Humidity Sensing Properties

of Polyaniline/Potassium Molybdate Composites”, International Journal of Electrical

Engineering & Technology (IJEET), Volume 4, Issue 2, 2013, pp. 179 - 186, ISSN Print:

0976-6545, ISSN Online: 0976-6553.

[15]. A.M.Bhavikatti, Dr.Subhash Kulkarni and Dr. Arunkumar, “Electromagnetic Studies on

Nano-Sized Magnesium Ferrite”, International Journal of Electronics and Communication

Engineering & Technology (IJECET), Volume 2, Issue 2, 2011, pp. 8 - 15, ISSN Print:

0976- 6464, ISSN Online: 0976 –6472.

[16]. T. K. Vishnuvardhan, V. R. Kulkarni, C. Basavaraja, S C Raghavendra, M Revanasiddappa,

Ambika Prasad Mvn and Do Sung Hu, “Synthesis Characterization and Study of Dielectric

Properties of Conducting Co-Polymer of Panippy-Y2o3 Nanocomposites”, International

Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering & Technology (IJARET), Volume 4, Issue 6,

2013, pp. 278 - 287, ISSN Print: 0976-6480, ISSN Online: 0976-6499.