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Lecture Summer ProgramUniversity of Ulm
GlobalizationProf. Dr. Christopher StehrGerman Graduate School of Management and Law (GGS), HeilbronnFor the SUMMER PROGRAMM University Ulm Room Uni West
04. till 05. July 2011 and 21.07.2011
Herzlich WillkommenWelcome
Part III– Selected Countries– Intercultural Business
in Europe– Marketing in Europe
Selected Countries
Part IV– Case Studies/
Participants– Case Study/
Hidden Champion– Selected Cases
Part I– Globalization– Europe and Globalization– Integration and Trade
Theories– International Trade and
International Relations
Part II– Landmarks
of European Integration– The main Treaties– The European Institutions– European Harmonization
7/11/2011 Prof. Dr. Christopher Stehr; „Doing Business in Europe“
Doing Business in Europe
Globalization - Dimensions
General Introduction
Globalization Chances and Risks
Remarks by Prof. Dr. Christopher Stehr
German Graduate School of Management & Lawpolymundo - Consultancy for Globalization
Content1. Globalization - What is that?2. Germany@Globalization3. Globalization Indices 4. …and in the Future?!
Team work
Work task (content):
Try to get the question answered:
What is Globalization?
Is it measurable?
Please try to find a scientific and a personal definition through out a group discussion.
Can you use the definition in any kind for your enterprise?
7/11/2011
What is Globalization?
9. November 1989
11. September 2001
11. December 2001
September / October 2008
Worldwide DevelopmentsEnvironment
Global Cities
S
N
CAPITAL
RESSOURCECONFLICTS
ABC-Weapons
11.07.2011 11
Globalization - Dimensions
ATTAC
SMENGO´s
LA
ASEAN
Quantitative DimensionsEU
RUS
USA
IMF
MNE
JAPANCHINAWTO
11.07.2011 12
Globalization - Dimensions
ATTAC
SMENGO´s
LA
ASEAN
EURUS
USA
IMF
MNE
JAPANCHINAWTO
Environment
Global Cities
S
N
CAPITAL
RESSOURCECONFLICTS
ABC-Weapons
+ qualitative Dimensions
11.07.2011 13
Globalization - Dimensions
"Globalization is the continuous interlinking process of different worldwide happening occurrences in the fields of economy, technique, politics, culture and social aspects of nations with interlinked inter-dependenciesand consequences.“
Stehr, C. (2003), S. 47
Definition Globalization
11.07.2011 14
Globalization - Definition
Not a “new” „Phenomena“No fixed steady State..But a continuous ProcessIncrease, Consolidation, Condensation of cross-frontier Activities Increase of transnational Players
What is Globalization?
11.07.2011 15
Globalization - Definition
First of all economical „Dimensions“Worldwide opening of Marketsfor Goods, Currency and Work ForceInterlocking and Dependencyof different MarketsInternational/global (?)value added Chain
What is Globalization?
Globalization - Definition
Forms of Globalization
World ProductionWorld TradeWorld Market
World Communication
EnvironmentEnvironmental Consciousness
World CultureWorld SocietyWorld Politics
Environmental Crisis
World InformationWorld Standards
Economy
Technique
Ecology
Politics
Globalization - Dimensions
High SpeedInterlinkage Change of PowerPlaceless, timelessChange of Hierarchy
The “new” Globalization
Globalization – Dimensions
SummaryHistorical Dimension/DatesQuantitative/qualitative DimensionsDefinition/DefinitionsWhat is Globalization?Forms of GlobalizationThe “new” Globalization
11.07.2011 19
Content1. Globalization - What is that? 2. Germany@Globalization3. Globalization Indices 4. …and in the future?!
“Unification Boom” (since 1989)
New Economy (Bubble)
Standstill/StagnationReforms: Agenda 2010End of the German AG/Inc.?Export World Leader (till 2009?)
Germany and Globalization
Globalization – Countries
Development approachExport SurplusesPlaza-Degree (1985)
Heisei-Boom (1986-1991)
Ichiban, Japan as no.1Bubble economy (1990)
Decrease branch finance (1997/98)
“Lost decade” Reforms (Kouzumi)
Japan and Globalization
Globalization – Countries
Content1. Globalization - What is that? 2. Germany@Globalization3. Globalization Indices4. …and in the future?!
Work task (content):
Is globalization measurable?
How could you measureglobalization?
Are there any indicators of how you could globalization processes?
Does that makes sense?
How could you use thes indicators for your enterprise you are working for?
Are they usefull?
Globalization – Indices
Measuring Globalization?
Measurement of Globalization
Ökonomie
Technik
Ökologie
Politik
Sub-Sahara-AfricaBrazil
European UnionChina
India/BangladeshJapanRussiaUSA
Economy
Technique
Ecology
Politics
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Ökonomie
Technik
Ökologie
Politik
Sub-Sahara-AfrikaBrasilien
Europäische UnionChina
Indien/BangladeschJapan
RusslandUSA
Measurement of Globalization
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
0%
50%
100%WG1: Auslandsverschuldung
WG2: Warenhandel
WG3: Einkommen pro KopfWG4: Wirtschaftswachstum
WG5: Ausländische DirektinvestitionenTG1: Anzahl der TV-Geräte
TG2: Aufkommen Flugpassagiere
TG3: Internetnutzer
TG4: Internationale TelefonanrufeTG5: Anzahl Autos
ÖG1: WaldflächenÖG2: Verfügbares Wasser pro Kopf
ÖG3: Energieverbrauch
ÖG4: CO2-Emissionen
ÖG5: Katastrophen
PG1: Anteil / Weltbevölkerung
PG2: Militärausgaben
PG3: Soldaten
PG4: Korruptionsindex
PG5: Bevölkerung unterhalb Armutsgrenze
Economical Globalization Indicators
Political Globalization Indicators
Ecological Globalization Indicators
Technical Globalization Indicators
Globalization Indicators
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Japan
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5
TG 1 Television
WG 3 Income
TG 5 Cars
WG 2 Trade
Globalization Indicators
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Europäische Union
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5
WG 5 Direct Investments
PG 3 Soldiers
TG 4 Telephon Calls
TG 1 Television
WG 3 Income
TG 5 Cars
WG 2 Trade
Globalization Indicators
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization IndicatorsEuropäische Union
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5Sub Sahara Afrika
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5
USA
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5Russland
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5Japan
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5Indien/Bangladesch
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5
China
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5Brasilien
0%
50%
100%WG1
WG2
WG3
WG4
WG5
TG1
TG2
TG3
TG4
TG5
ÖG1
ÖG2
ÖG3
ÖG4
ÖG5
PG1
PG2
PG3
PG4
PG5
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization Index
Konjunkturforschungsstelle ETH Zürichhttp://globalization.kof.ethz.ch
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
What is measured?
Konjunkturforschungsstelle ETH Zürich, http://globalization.kof.ethz.ch, 15.10.2008
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
What is measured?
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Schwellenländer (BRICS)Multinationale UnternehmenSupranationale OrganisationenInternationale KMU und NGO´sKapitaleigentümer (>1Mrd. US$)
What is measured?
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization Degree - World
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Source: Konjunkturforschungsstelle ETH Zürich, http://globalization.kof.ethz.ch/static/maps/index_2007_75.png, Zugriff: 10.10.2010
Globalization Degree - World
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization Degree - Germany
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization Degree - Europe
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization – Top 15 countries
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization – Last 15 countries
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization Degree - Germany
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization Degree - Europe
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalisierungsindex gesamt: Nr. 1Wirtschaftliche Globalisierung: Nr. 1Soziale Globalisierung: Nr. 1Politische Globalisierung: Nr. 1
Globalization Degree - ComparisonUSA - Germany
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
Globalization Degree - ComparisonJapan - Germany
Globalization – Indicators and Indices
SummaryMeasurement Globalization IndicatorsGlobalization IndexWhat is measured?Globalization Degree World/EuropeGlobalization Degree Germany, USA, Japan
Content1. Globalization - What is that? 2. Germany@Globalization3. Globalization Indices 4. …and in the future?!
Challenges
Stability Innovation
Reforms People
Globalization
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
Continuous Globalization Countries/DistributionDeregulationGlobal Competition:Work, Earth/Floor, CapitalKnowledge and Innovation
Globalization – even more?
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
Agglomeration advantagesCooperation politics/economyHuman resourcesCompetitivenessContinuous competitionGlobal cities (culture, innovation)
Globalization advantage – Europe
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
Economic Power – Global Cities
Globalization – “Global Cities”
S. SASSEN, 1996, Metropolen des Weltmarkts. Die neue Rolle der Global Cities. – Frankfurt u. New York.
Steuerungs- und Kontrollzentralen, Standorte zentralisierter Managementfunktionen fürhochspezialisierte Dienstleistungen und die Zentralen der Finanzwirtschaft.
Steering- and control centersPlaces with centralized management functions for highly specified services and the centers of the finance industry
Economic Power – Global Cities
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
S. SASSEN, 1996, Metropolen des Weltmarkts. Die neueRolle der Global Cities. – Frankfurt u. New York.
Globalization – even more?
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
„Angreiferstaat“ Goals of the society:DevelopmentHuman ResourcesWelfare„Domination”
The Asiatic Century
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
New global players: Mukesh Ambani
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
No. 7: Mukesh Ambani / $19.5 billion / Petrochemicals
Oversees Reliance Industries, India's most valuable company by market cap despite stock falling 40% in past year. Merging his Reliance Petroleum with flagship Reliance Industries. Late father, Dhirubhai, founded Reliance and built it into a massive conglomerate. After he died, Mukesh and his brother, Anil, ran the family business together for a brief time. But siblings feuded over control; mother eventually brokered split of assets. Has yet to move into his 27-story home that he's building at a reported cost of $1 billion. Ardent fan of Bollywood films. Wife, Nita, oversees school named after his father.
http://articles.moneycentral.msn.com/Banking/Advice/the-10-richest-people-in-the-world-slides.aspx?slide-number=7, 17.10.2010
New global players: Lakshmi Mittal
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
No. 8: Lakshmi Mittal / $19.3 billion / SteelIndian immigrant heads world's largest steel company; ArcelorMittal was formed via hostile takeover three years ago. Stock in company makes up bulk of his fortune; shares at a four-year low, with steel prices down 75% since last summer. Company forced to pay heavy fines after a French antitrust investigation found 10 companies guilty of price-fixing in European steel markets. Arcelor posted $2.6 billion loss in most recent quarter. Started in family steel business in the 1970s, branched out on his own in 1994. Initially bought up steel mills on the cheap in Eastern Europe. Holds substantial cash; owns 12-bedroom mansion in London's posh Kensington neighborhood.
http://articles.moneycentral.msn.com/Banking/Advice/the-10-richest-people-in-the-world-slides.aspx?slide-number=8, Zugriff: 17.10.2010
The century of the BRICS
Who wins?
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
The century of the BRICS?
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
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BRICS status quo?
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
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Brazil:Resources
India:Software
Russia:Resources
China:Production line of the world
BRICS status quo?!
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
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Brazil:ResourcesOil, Financesector
India:Steel, AutomotiveIT branch
Russia:Oil, gas and other resources
China:High-tec, telecom.AerospaceSolar techniqueFinancesector, resources
Worldwide largest companies Market value (29.12.2009)
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
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Personal work
Work task (research and presentation): Please stay on your own/better in groups?. Please reflect the recent strategy of your country. If you don´t know please make a research. Please summarize the results on a flip chart. Please present your results to the other members
of our lecture. THX.
7/11/2011 Prof. Dr. Christopher Stehr; „Doing Business in Europe“62
How can your country react on these developments?How is your country reacting on these developments?How could/must be a proactive strategy though out these developments concerning your country?
Chances in the future?!
3.500 3.300 2.700 2.000
44.500
35.000
27.500
6.500 6.000 5.500
China
USAInd
ienJa
pan
Brasilie
n
Russla
nd UK
Deutsc
hland
Frankre
ichIta
lien
Quelle: Goldman Sachs, 2003
The largest economies in 2050
CNP (based on 2003 in billion US$)
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
0
10.000
20.000
30.000
40.000
50.000
60.000
70.000
80.000
90.000
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
BRICs
G6
Development GNP - BRICS
Quelle: Goldman Sachs, 2003
GNP (in billion US$)
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
Super PowerUnilateralism Liberal EmpireEnemy ProjectionBasic Norm = LibertyMissionary ApproachWorld due to US-Approach
The American Dream
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
Global Responsibility Civil SocietyPeace, FreedomDemocracy, SustainabilityHuman RightsWelfare State
The European Dream
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
Japan as no.1?Primus inter paresGlobal ResponsibilityEcological ApproachDemocracy/WelfareIncome Distribution
The Japanese Dream
Globalization – Challenges and Risks
Team work
Work task (content):
Do theses societies have developing goals or “dreams”?
How can you use this information your organization enterprise you were are working for?
7/11/2011 Prof. Dr. Christopher Stehr; „Doing Business in Europe“68
What could be the Brazilian Dream on Globalization?What could be the Russian Dream on Globalization?What could be the Indian dream on Globalization?What could be the Chinese dream on Globalization?
SummaryChallengesGlobalization – still more?The Asiatic Century?!BRIC-StatesThe American DreamThe European Dream The Japanese DreamThe BRICs Dream
Content1. Globalization - What is that? 2. Germany@Globalization3. Globalization Indices 4. …and in the future?!
Thank you very muchfor your Attention
Your QuestionsYour Remarks
and the last group work ;-)for today?!
Effect of Globalization upon industrialised societies
Work-change
Value-change
Social change
System-change
Structure-change
Globalization
Main Conflict - Example
Classical welfare states are in an economic and social-political time-dilemma
National destabilisationSocial agitation
Spreading fairness
Over-capacities
Consensus society
Public debts
Reduction of the welfare state
Bondage to save
Competition of nations
Globalisation
e.g. Asian market crisis
Modernisation
Main Conflict - Example