DICTIONAR DE TERMENI GEOLOGICI

Prof.Nicolae Anastasiu

Dnd-Daniel Manuchian

DICIONAR DE TERMENI GEOLOGICISedimentologie-Sisteme depozitionale

(ENGLEZ ROMN)A.accomodation XE "accomodation" = spatiu disponibil

Andean-type arc = arc de tip Aldean

air-abraded = coroziune

Algoma-type iron-formations XE "Algoma-type iron-formations" = ferilite stratificate tip Algomaallocyclic controls, event XE "allocyclic controls, event" = alociclic, control a., eveniment

alluvial = aluvial

alluvial-fan XE "alluvial, a.fan" = con aluvial

alluvial-flat = pnz aluvial

along-strike = de-a lungul direciei

anastomozing system XE "anastomozing system" = sistem anastomozat

antidunes XE "antidunes" = antidune

appareance = fenomen

arc = arc

arc-related = arc asociat

arc crust = arc crustalarcuate fold-thrust belt =

artifact = artefact, obiect al omului primitiv, relict

ash XE "ash" = cenusa

a.flow = curgeri de cenusa (cineritice)

attached lobes XE "attached lobes" = lobi legati (atasati)

authigenesis XE "authigenesis" = autigenezaautochthonous = autohton

autochthonous complex of gabbros = complex gabbroic autohton

autocyclic, controls XE "autocyclic, controls" = autociclic, control a.

avulsion XE "avulsion" = avulsie

B.backarc basin = bazin backarc (de tip backarc)bafflestone =

balanced basin = bazin compensat

barchane = dune semilunare

barrier island = insula barierabarite = baritinabase level = nivel de bazabasement = fundament

basin = bazin

basin-and-range-type transtensional basin = bazin transtensional de tip bazine-i-catenebasin fill = umplutura bazinuluibasin-floor fan = con bazinal

basin to input = bazin de alimentare

basin-wide = bazin

bay = golf, baie

beach rock = nisipuri cimentate in zone de plajabed = strat, litonbed boundaries = limitele litonilor (stratelor)

bedded jasper =

bedforms = forme de fund (din baza curentului)

bed load = sarcina (debit) de fund

bedding = stratificaie

beding = ncovoiere

beding by curve parallel simple shear = ncovoiere cu curbare paralel forfecat simplubelt = centur, zon, regiune, strmtoare ngust

bindstone =

biolithite = biolitit

bird foot = picior de pasare

black shale = argile negre

blocks = blocuri

body of water = corp de ap

standing body of water = corp de ap stttor

boulder = galet, bloc, bolovan, lespede de stnc

boulder clay = argil cu blocuri (eratic)

boulder period = er glaciar

boulder stone = bloc, bolovan, lespede de stnc

bolder wall = moren

borings = perforii n roci i galei

bottom currents = curenti de fund

boundstone = bioloitit

bottom set = set bazal

braidplain deposit = depozite de albie de tip mpletitbraided channel deposits = sedimente de canal impletit

braided channel systems = sisteme de canal impletit

braided fluvial = ruri mpletite

braided-stream environment = ambian fluvial mpletit

sandy braided-stream environment = ambian fluvial mpletit nisipoas

break = ruptur, fractur, deschiztur, crptur, despictur, bre

breakdown = alterare, accident

breccias = brecii

boulder = foarte grosier

(to) build = a nla, a ridicabuild-outs = nclecarea

build-up = bioconstructie, acumulare, cretere, dezvoltare(to) build-out = a exonda

bulk = structur

burial = ngropare

burial diagenesis = diageneza tarzie, de ingropare progresivaburrows = caneluri colmatate, tuburi colmatate, structuri canaliforme(to) bury = a ngropa

C.calcic nodules = noduli calcaroi

calcic tubules = forme alungite calcaroase

caliche soil = calcret (caliche)

carbonate buildups = boconstructie carbonaticac.platform = platforma carbonaticacarbonate ramp = rampa carbonaticacasts = mulaje de urme

symdromous casts = riduri dendritice

catchment = bazin de captare, de recepiecatchment area = bazin (de ru), bazin tributar, bazin de captare, capcan petrolifer

catchment basin = bazin de acumulare a apei (de recepie a precipitaiilor), colector de ap

cement = ciment

= drusy = druzic

= fibrous = fibros

= meniscus = de contact

= mosaic = echigranular, mozaic

= porous = de pori

= overgrowth = de supracrestere

cessation of depozition = discontinuitate stratigrafic

channel = canal

anastomosing = anastomozat

floor = aluviuni bazale

high-sinuosity = sinuozitate mare

low-sinuosity = sinuozitate scazutaclogged stream channel = umplutura canalului

chloralgal = coral-algalchlorozoan =chute bar = bara de inundatie

(to) circumscribe = a mrgini, a limita, a circumscrie, a ncercui

clastic = clastic, frmicios, detritic

clastic dykes = filoane clastice

clastic succession = sccesiune clastic (detritic)

cliff = falez

climbing ripple lamination = ondulatii ascensionale

cluster = acumulare, grmad, mulime

coarse = grosier

coarse alluvial detritus = detritus aluvial grosiercoarse alluvial-fan = con aluvial grosiercoarsening up sequence (CUS) = secventa prograda (progradationala)

coarse tail = granoclasai

normally coarse tail = normal granoclasai

inversely coase tail = invers granoclasai

coast = coast, rmcobble = piatr de pavat, cremene, silicecomponent clastes = componeni clastici

complex flood events = evenimentele complexe de curgere

concentration = concentrare, concentraie, condensare

continental-shelf enviroment = ambian de self continental

continental-interior basin = bazin continental-interncontinental-margin arc environment = ambian de arc-marginal continental

continental-margin backarc basin = bazin backarc de margine continental

contraction fault = falie de contracie

convolute bedding = stratificaie convolut

convolute lamination = laminatie convoluta, microondulatacoprolites = coprolite

correlative conformity

course = flux, curs

cracks = crpturi

mud cracks = crpturi de uscare, poligoane de contracie

syneresis cracks = crpturi de sinerezcrawling traces = urme de locomoiecrawling trails = urme de trre, de reptaie, de tip repichniacrevase spaly deposits = sedimente de spartura in grind (con de crevasa)

cross-beds = stratificaie oblic (ncruciat)

cross-bedded deposit = depozit stratificat oblic

cross-bedding = stratificatie oblic (incrucisata)cross-lamination = laminatie oblic (incrucisata)crude = primar, imatur, neprelucratcrumbly = sfrmicios

current = curent, uvoi, curgere, scurgere

current liniation = liniaie de curent

current ripple = ondulatii de curent

current velocity -= viteza curentului

current bedding = stratificaie oblic / diagonal / normal

current-ripple cross lamination = ondulaii de curent cu laminaie obliccurrent structures = structuri de curent

current-modified = cureni modificai

cutting = excavare, spturcyclothem = ciclotem

D.deep desicated = desecat de mare adancime

deepening up = de adancime din ce in ce mai mare

deep marine (sea) = mare adancadeep water = apa adancadegree = grad, treapt, proporie

delta lobe = lob deltaic

d.front = front deltaic, delta submersa

d.plain = campie deltaica, delta emersadelta = delta

river-dominated delta = delt construita de rauri

tide-dominated delta = delt construita de maree

wave-dominated delta = delt construita de valuridelta-front = delt frontal

coastal delta front = delt frontal de coastdelta-plain = cmpie deltaic (aluvial)dendritic ridge moulds = riduri dendritice

depth = adncime, profunzime, adnc

depocenter = depocentru

deposit = depozite

near-shore-marin deposit = depozite de plaj

braided-stream deposit = depozite de cursuri mpletite

toe deposit = depozite distale

depositional environment = mediu depoziionaldepositional basin = bazin depoziional

depozitional systems = sistem depozitional

desiccation = uscare

desiccation feactures = urme de uscare

desiccation cracks = crpturi de uscare

detrital grain = granul detritic

detritical mineral = mineral detritic (de origine)

detached lobes = lobi separati (detasati)

diatom ooze = mal diatomitic

dike (dyke) = dike, filon eruptiv

(to) dip = a se sedimenta, a se nclina, a cdea, a se surpa, a se afunda

dip = nclinare, pant, povrni

discharge = debit, scurgere

flashy discharge = debit torenial (curgere torenial)disconformities = discordante

dish structure = lamine concave discontinui

(to) displace = a disloca

displacement = dislocare, deplasare

disrupted bedding = bioturbaii

disrupted sediments = sedimente cu bioturbaii

distributary = afluent

distributary channels = canale ramificate (distributare)distributary-mouth-bar = bar distributiv de la gura de vrsaredisturbance = dislocare, discontinuitate stratigrafic

downcutting =

downthrow = falie, cdere, cufundaredraa = asociatii de dune (dune complexe)

dune = dun, dun hidraulic

dune-scale structure = structur de dune la scar mare (megadune)cliff-top dune =

climbing dune = dun ascendent

E.(to) embay = a nchide, a nconjura, a cresta (un rm cu golfuri)

embayed grain = litoclastembayed monocrystalline grain = granoclast litificat

embayment = ni, coroziuneenvironment = mediu, ambianequilibrum point = punct de echilibru

erratic boulder = bloc eratic

(to) erode = a eroda, a coroda

erosion = eroziune, erodare

erosion surface = suprafata erozionalaestuarine systems = sistem de estuar

eustasy = eustasie

glacial = e.glaciara

global = e. globala

tectono-e. = e. tectonicaeustatic effects = efecte eustatice

evaporativ pumping = drenaj prin evaporare

evaporites = evaporite

event = eveniment

event bedding = stratificatie disciclica (aleatoare)exposure = denudare, dezgolire

extension = extensie

extension parallel = extensie paralel

extension fault = falie de extensie

extent = ntindere, extindere, dimensiuneF.fabric = modul de dispunere spaial a particulelor

facies transition = facies de tranziie

fan = con

fan deltas = delte conice

fan-patten =

fan head trench = canal situat n partea proximal a conului (canal de alimentare)

fan toe = con distal

fan catchment = consolidarea conului

fans = conuri de mare joasafault = falie, deplasarea unui strat sau a unui filon, ruptur, dislocaie, fisurfault-bounded basin = bazin faliat

fault breaks = falii rupturale

fault cross-cutting =

fault cuts = cute faliifault cuts formation = formaiunea cutelor-falii

fault-related = falii asociate

fault-related sedimentation = falii asociate sedimentrii

fault-repeated = reactivarea faliei

fault-slip =

fault sets in extensional mode =

(to) fault = a deplasa, a falia, a dezaxa

= a se deplasa, a se falia

feature = caracteristic, trstur, particularitate, urm

feeding traces = urme de hranire

fenestral cavities (birdseyes) = goluri fenestrale

feeding structures = urme de hrnire, de tip pascichnia(to) fill = a umple, a colmatafill channel = canal colmatat

feldspar (feldspath) = feldspat

field = cmp, teren, bazin, regiune bogat n zcminte

(to) fill = a umple, a ocupa, a acoperi, a astupa

fill = umplutur

fine = fin

fine-grained = granulaie fin, fin granularefinely laminated = laminaia fin

finer in grade = granulaie mai fin

finger stone = fosil de belemnit

fining up sequence (FUS) = secventa retrograda (recesionala)fining-upward character = caracter retrograd

fining-upward cycle = cicluri FUS (retrograde)flaggy = ntins

flaser bedding = stratificatie flaser (de mulaj argilos)

flat = cmpie, depresiune, filon orizontal, strat orizontal

flat lamination = laminaie orizontal, laminaie paralel(to) flatten = a turti, a aplatiza

flatly = orizontal

flood = curgere

flood plain = campie aluvialaflooding surface = suprafata de inundare

sheet-flood =

flow = flux, erupie, curent, curgere

grain flow = curgere cu presiune dispersant, curgerea granulelor

mud flow = curgere mloas

debris flow

slurry flow

unidirectional flow = curgere unidirecional

aqueous flow = curgere de sedimente (nisipoas)

flood flow = curgere torenial

flow banded = curgere stratificat difereniatstreamflows = curgeri toreniale

flow units = uniti de curgere

fluid inclusion = incluziune fluid

fluidized flows = curgeri fluidizate

flute casts = caneluri de eroziune

fluvial systems = sistem fluvial

fold = cut

fold-trend =

folds = cute

flexural folds = cute flexurale

flexural flow folds = cute flexurale de curgere

flexural slip folds = cute flexurale de alunecare

cross-folds = cute nclinate

folding = cutare

shear folding = cutare de forfecare

slip folding = cutare de alunecare (forfecare)

foramol = foraminifere-molute

foreland basin = bazin de foreland (vorland-germ.)

foreset = set frontal

foreset lamina = lamin frontal

formally = din punct de vedere al formei, ca stratotipformation = formaiune, structur, sistem, stratificaie, seciune

formation of concretions = concreionare

formation of the soil = solificare

foreshore = plaj, partea care rmne uscat la reflux

framestone =

framework = structur, schelet, osatur

framework-grain = structur granular

fresh water = apa dulce

fringing reefs = recifi dantelati (litorali)

G.gashes = fracturi

tension gashes = fracturi de tensiune

geological setting = geologia regiunii

genetic stratigraphic sequences (units) = secventtratigrafice genetice

geometrical models = modele geometrice

geopetal structures = structura geopetalaglass shard = vitroclaste

glauconite = glauconit

grain = granul, clast

grain supported = orto, granule (particule) dominante

grain size = granulometria, dimensiunea granulelor

grainstone = calcar granular, alochemicgrained = granulaie (to grain = a sfrma, a mruni, a granula)

granitic basement = fundament granitic

grade = granoclasare

graded bed = strat granoclasat

graded bedding = stratificatie gradata, granoclasaregrading = granoclasare

normal grading = granoclasare normal

distribution grading = granoclasare complet

coarse tail grading = granoclasare complet

granule conglomerate = microconglomerate

gravel = pietri, nisip aurifer, strat aurifer, rudit

gravel bars = bare de pietri

gravelly channel = canal nisiposgravity flow deposits = sedimente de curgere gravitationala

processes = procese de c.g.

grazing traces = urme de tarare

ground = sol, teren solid

guano phosphate = guano

gutter casts = mulaj de suprasarcina (hidroplastic)

H.half graben = graben incomplet (semigraben)

hardgrounds = discontinuitate bazinala (hiatus)

hard grounds = suprafee ntrite

herring bone = os de peste

herringbone cross-lamination sets = seturi de laminaii oblice n os de pete

herringbone cross-stratification = stratificaie (structur) oblic n os de peteheadland = promotoriu

hiatus = hiatus

high-energy delta = delt de mare energie

highland = inut muntos, platou, orogenhigh stand = nivel inalt

hinterland = regiune situat n interior, arie surs

cratonic hinterland = regiunea cratonic intern, craton intern

horizontal grazing burrows = urme orizontale de hrnire (de tip pascichnia)

hummocky cross-stratification = stratificaie oblic de tip hummockyI.incised valleys = vale incisiva (canion, vale adanca)induration = litificare (masivitate)

inlet = golf mic (golfule), strmtoare ngust, fiord, sn de mare

inter-flow = confluen, interfluviuinter-surge = intertorenialintra-arc assemblage = ansamblu intra-arc

intrabasinal shifts = variaii intrabazinale

interbedded = intercalaie, interstratificaieinterflow = confluen

interstitial clots = mas interstiial

ironformations (BIF)= ferilite stratitificate (taconite)

ironstones = (IS) = ferilite corpusculare (minette)

island arc = arc insular

J.

joint = falie, suprafa de contact

L.labile = instabil

labile framework grains = structuri granulare instabile

labile lithic fragments = fragmente litice instabile

labile grains = granule instabile

labile material = material instabil

lack of grain-size contrast = uniformitate dimensional

lacustrine flooding surface = suprafata de inundare lacustralags = panza mulata

surface lags =

lahar = curgere noroioasa (vulc.)laminae = lamin, lamine

laminated = laminaii

finely l. = laminaii fine

lamination = laminaie, stratificaie fin, exfoliere

convolute lamination = laminaie convolut, curbicortical

corrugated lamination = laminaie contorsionat

planar lamination = laminaie planar (paralel)

wavy lamination = laminaie cu ondulaii de valuriripple cross-lamination = ondulaii de curent asociate cu laminaii concoide

land plants = plante de uscat

landscape = relief

landward stepping = cu inaintare spre continent

late-in-the-flood-cycle = prile distale ale curgerilorlateral accretion = acretie (sedimentare) lateralalateral link hemisphroid (LLH) = structuri laminice de nlnuire, structuri de tip Collenialava = lav

(to) lay = a se depune

layer = strat, liton, zcmnt, strat, stratificaie, ptur, albie, matc

granule layer = liton arenitic

gravel layer = liton ruditic

layering = liton

lee side = panta sub curent, faa ondulaiei

lens = zcmnt lentiliform

lenticular bedding - = stratificatie lenticularaless angular = subangular

limestone = calcar

liquidized flows = curgeri lichefiate

lithic = litic

lithic fragment = fragment litic, litoclast

lithologie =

lithology = litologie

lithosphere = litosfer

load cast = mulaje de suprasarcinaload casting = tasare diferenial

loam sand = nisip argilos

low-matrix = matrice redus

low stand = nivel scazut

lower flow regime = regim de curgere inferior

lower intercepts =

lowermost unit = unitate bazal

M.mafic volcanic rock = roc vulcanic mafic

making = accidente de teren (pe suprafaa unei planete)

mantle = strat de lav, manta de protecie, roca din acoperi, nvelimapping = cartografie

Marianas-type arc assembleges = ansambluri de arcuri de tip Marianemarginal playa = zon periferic, marginal

marks = urme (propriu-zise)

flute marks = caneluri de eroziune

crescent marks = urme semilunare

flute rill marks = urme meandrate

rill marks = urme de iroire

groove marks = anuri de dragaj

chevron marks = riduri de dragaj

prod marks = urme de nfigere

bounce marks = urme de ricoare

brush marks = urme cu rid frontal

ripple marks = ondulaii la suprafaa litonului, ondulaii depoziionale

resting marks = urme de odihn, de ngropare, de tip cubichniamass flow processes = procese de curgere in masamassive bedding = stratificatie masiva (neorganizata)

matrix = matrice

matrix supported = para, matrice dominantamature quartz arenite = cuararenit matur

megaripples = megaondulaii

melting = topire, fuziune

partial melting = topire parial

meniscate back-filled burrows = urme umplute cu material

Mesozoic arc volcanic rocks = roci vulcanice din arcuri Mezozoice

meteoric diagenesis = diageneza meteoricamicrobial ball = oncoid

microbial mat = pat algal

monocrystalline grain = granul monocristalin, granoclastmonocrystalline quartz = cuar monocristalin

mountain = munte, muntos, alpin, orogen, orogenic

mud = mal, argil

mud rich = bogat in argilamud mounds = elevatii (protuberante) maloase

mudstone = argilit

mud drapes = plaje noroioasemudrock = roc argiloas

N.natural levee = grind

nearshore-marine envirenment = ambian de plaj

nepheloid layers = nivele nefeloide (curenti de contur)neptunian dykes = dyke neptunian (clastic)

nodular cherts = silicolit nodular

nonembayed grain = granul liber

non-stratified delapsion = alunecri nestratificate

normative analysis = analize normative

nuee-ardente (fr.) = nori arzatori

O.off-shore = coast, rm

oil shale = argila bituminoasaoncoids = oncoide

orbital forcing = forte orbitale

organic matter = substanta organica

o. productivity = productivitate bioticaoroclin =

orogenic event = eveniment orogenic

outcrop = afloriment

outlier = dmb-martor (martor de eroziune)olistolith = olistolit, bloc imens

ongoing volcanism = activitate vulcanic

orogen-parallel extension =

overbank deposits = sedimente de intercanal (peste maluri)

overburden pressure = presiune de suprasarcinaoverland = pe uscat

over-supplied basin = bazin supraincarcat

overturned beds = strate rsturnate

oxbow lake = lac belciug (de meandru parasit)

ooze = mal

P.package = pachet, secven

paleocurrent arrow = direcie de paleocurent

paleoenvironmental analysis = analiza paleoambientala (paleomediu)

parting lineation = liniaie discontinu

passive continental margins = margini continentale pasive

patch = strat

peat = turbapebble = mediu

pebbly = granular

pedogenesis = pedogenezapellet = pelet

pelloids = peloide

periodicity = periodicitate

phenocryst = fenocristal

photic zone = zona foticaphyllosilicate = filosilicai

phyllosilicate matrix = matrice filosilicatic

phyllosilicate material = material filosilicatic

phytoclast = fitoclast

pile = stiv

sediment pile = stiv sedimentar (de sedimente)

pillow = perna (structura pilow)

planar cross-bedding = stratificatie oblica tabularaplant rootlets = radacini de plante

plate-margin = margine de plac

active-plate-margin = margine de plac activ

plutonic roots = fundament plutonic

policrystallin grain = granul policristalin

policrystallin quartz = cuar policristalin

porosity

porous~ cavernous~ cellular

fenestral p.

intergranular p.

moldic p. = de mulaj

primary p.

secundary p.

shelter = protectie

shrinkage p. = de contractie prin deshidratare

vugs p. = vacuolaraprod casts = mulaj de impact, canelura de impact

prograding wedges = prisme de progradare de nivel inalt

prone = n pant, nclinat, rpos, abrupt

pull-apart structures = structuri de tip pull-apartpure beding = ncovoiere purQ.quartz = cuar

quartz arenite = arenit cuartos, gresie cuaroas, cuararenitquartzite = cuarite, gresie cuaroas

silty q. = cuarite siltice

R.radial thrusting =

(to) raft = a transporta n suspensie

rain = ploaie

rain spots = urme de picaturi de ploaie

raindrop imprintsrainstorms = ploii toreniale

rainfall = avers, ploaie torenial, precipitaii multe, rupere de nori

ramps = rampe

range = direcie, caten, lan

ravinement = reactivare

r.surface = suprafata de reactivare

reactivation surface = suprafata de reactivare

recrystallization recristalizare

red-bed sediment = sediment de tip red-bedredox potential (Eh) = potential redox

regolith =

regressive systems tracts = cortegiu regresiv

relative sea-level = nivel-(-ul marii) relativ

r.s.l.curve = curba relativa a n.m

r.s.l.cycles ciclu relativ

reservoirs = rezervor (de petrol, apa), colector, magazin

resistant lithologies =

resorption embayment = ni de coroziune

reting traces = urme de odihnaretrogradation = retrogradare

reworking = reprelucrare

rhodoliths = rodolite

rhythmic succesions = secvente ritmice

rhythmites = ritmite

ripple = ondulare

ripple index = indice de ondulare

ripple cross lamination = ondulaii ale structurii interne

ripple drift laminae = ondulaii cu lamine oblice continue

ripples = ondulaii

curent ripples = ondulaii de curent

climbing ripples = ondulaii ascendente

wave ripples = ondulatii de valuri

wind ripples = ondulatii eoliene

piled ripples = ondulaii suprapuse necaterip-up = galei moi

rising sea level = ridicrii (nlrii) nivelului marin

roadcut = versantul drumului

rock = roc

rockfall = caderi de blocuri

run-off rates = ratele de curgeri torenialeS.S-flowing = ru meandrat

sample = eantion, prob

sand = nisip, arenitsand rich = bogat in nisip

sand sheets = panze de nisip

sandstone = gresii

wave-rippled sandstone = gresii cu ondulaii de valuri

sand drift = nisip mictorsand bank = banc de nisip

sand bar = bar de nisip, banc

sandflat = deert, cmpie nisipoas

sand hill = dun

sand streak = apofiz de nisip

sand-size = dimensiuni arenitice

sand-dominated terrestrial sedimentation = sedimentare continental dominant nisipoas

sands sea = mare de nisip, pnz de nisip

(to) scour = a eroda, a spla, a cura

scour = eroziune, erodare

scour-and-fill structures = structuri de eroziune colmatatesea level = nivelul marii (ca nivel de baza)

sea level change = oscilatii de nivel (ale marii)

sea page refluxion = drenaj marin la reflux

seals = ecrane (in petrol, nivele impermeabile)

seaward steeping = cu inaintare spre bazin (mare/ocean)

section = profil, seciune

sediment = sediment, depunere, depozit, rezidiuusediment load = sarcina (debit solid, in sedimente) seismic facies = facies seismic

sediment starved basin = bazin subalimentat (aport redus de sedimente)

sediment provenance = sursa sedimentelor

sedimentary loggin = coloan litologic

sedimentary sequence = secven sedimentar

sedimentary sistem = sistem sedimentar

sequence = secven

sequence boundaries (SB) = limite de secventa depozitionalasequence stratigraphy = stratigrafie secventialabasin-wide sequence = secven bazinal

set = ansamblu, set

tabular cross-set = set oblic tabular (laminaia oblic tabular)

trough cross-set = set oblic concoid (laminaia oblic concoid)setting = mediu, direcia unui curent, scurgere, poziie

coastal setting = mediu de coast (costal)

cratonic setting = mediu cratonic

tectonic setting = mediu tectonic

stable continental-interior setting = mediu continental-intern stabil

extensional arc setting = mediu extensional al arcului

shale = marn, isturi argiloase (bituminoase), roc argiloas n lameleshallow water = apa putin adanca (