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DIARRHEA- A Leading Killer
Diarrhea Kills :
World
http://data.unicef.org/child-health/diarrhoeal-disease
580,000 Children / Year
125,000 Children / Year
World Wide Pakistan
TREATMENT Options
Oral Rehydration
Salt
ZINC
Continued Feeding(including Breast Feeding)
Key actions to reduce the
burden of Childhood Diarrhea
WHO UNICEF report 2009
ORS- A life Saving Remedy
WHO and UNICEF has recommended a new ORS formula for treating all types of Diarrhea i.e. Low Osmolarity ORS
Low Osmolarity reduces :Stool Output by 20% Vomiting by 30 %Intravenous Therapy by 33 %
WHO UNICEF report 2009
Clinical Trial 1- Low Osmolarity
Objective :
To compare the safety and efficacy of Low and Standard ORS in 190 patients aged 1 to 24 months
ResultStool out put is reduced by 36 % in low osmolarity Vomiting is significantly lower in reduced osmolarity
groupRisk of treatment failure is increased in standard ORS
Ref: J.Pediatr. 1996 Jan; 128 (1): 45-51
ZINC – Critical to Diarrhea Treatment
ZINC stores depleted during diarrhea and supplementations as apart of treatment is critical for replenishing the body reserves
Helping Children to recover from illness and stay healthy
WHO UNICEF report 2009
IMPORTANCE OF ZINCAccording to WHO
Zinc supplementation reduce the duration and severity of diarrheal episodes for 2–3 months
According to World Gastroenterology Organization:
ZINC reduces the Incidence of Diarrhea for 3 months
Effectiveness and Efficacy of Zinc for the treatment of Acute Diarrhea in young children
Duration of Diarrhea Stool Frequency
47%
18.8%
ZINC reduces the duration of Diarrhea and Frequency of stool
over placebo
Ref: Pediatrics 2000 May, Pediatrics 2008 Feb
REDUCTION in deaths
From 2000- 2013 death toll reduced by more than 50%
By Using :
ORS (low) and ZINC
http://data.unicef.org/child-health/diarrhoeal-disease
Zinc intake during the acute phase of severe Pneumonia decreases its Duration & Severity
Zinc decreases susceptibility to Acute Lower RTI and treatment failure rates
According to WHO /UNICEF
ZINC in Pneumonia
WHO DOSAGE RECOMMENDATION OFZINC
Younger than six months10 mg per (2.5 ml) day for 10–14 days
Children older than six months20 mg ( 5ml) per day for 10-14 days
REF : WHO Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhea
Recommended Dietary Allowances
AGE MALE FEMALE PREGNANCY LACTATION
0-6 months 2mg * 2mg *
7-12 months 3 mg 3 mg
1-3 years 3 mg 3 mg
4-8 years 5 mg 5 mg
9-13 years 8 mg 8 mg
14-18 years 11 mg 9 mg 12 mg 13 mg
19+ years 11 mg 8 mg 11 mg 12 mg
* Adequate Intake ( AI)
FOOD SOURCES OF ZINC Chickpeas ( 1 ounce )
FRUITS ( 8 ounce)
( Dried Apricots, Banana, Raspberries, dates)
Almonds( 1 ounce)
Milk low fat ( 1 cup)
Yogurt ( 8 ounce)
Oatmeal prepared in water ( 1 packet)
Chicken Breast roasted ( ½ breast)