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Development of New Data Collection Techniques
ITE/MPO 2004 Technical Conference
NYSDOT Traffic Monitoring Section
Todd B. Westhuis, P.E.
Data Collection Technologies• Sensors/Hardware
• Mobile Traffic Monitoring Platform• Permanent Acoustic Site• Micro Loops• High speed WIM
• Communications• Trafmate Digital Pagers• Trafinfo Tri-Mode Cellular Modems
• Software Applications• Highway Data Management System• Highway Data Store• Traffic Count Editor• Traffic Data Forecaster
Mobile Traffic Monitoring Platform
“Side Fire” Geometry
SAS-1 Acoustic Sensor
SAS-1
91 Look Directions(0 Deg to 180 Deg)
Time
Each “Blob” Shows Positionand Strength of a Vehicle’sAcoustic Intensity - Lt Green is Weak - Dk Green/Red is Strong
Lane Switcher
Detection Indicator(Magenta Markers)
Lane 1Lane 2
Lane 3LS RS
Traffic in Other Direction
Mobile Platforms• Trailer equipped with a
35’ telescoping mast and SAS monitor
• Powered by 50 watt solar panel and two 100 aH deep cycle batteries (12V DC)
• Interface for programming and data download to laptop
• Trafmate digital pager for data download via telemetry
Special Studies
• Non-traditional counts• Seasonal snowmobile and
ATV studies
• Siting new equipment• Event coverage• Traf Mon Section
support offered
Permanent Acoustic Site
• Equipped similarly to platforms
• Cost: ~$8-12K including installation
Micro Loop Traffic Monitoring Site
Under Bridge Deck Application
M701 Microloop(Hold secure with RTV or foam)
3/4" PVC pipe, 24" Long, Schedule 40ASTM D-1785, Bristolpipe
Type T Rigid PVC Access Fitting 3/4",Kraloy T07
(Insert Microloop through this cover)
1" PVC Schedule 80 SocketFlange, NIBCO 851-H10
Bolted Water Pipe GroundClamp, 1/2" to 1", Galvan
Industries #DCG
Magnet - Supervet, Alnico V, Model TA134, 0.5"dia. X 3" lg. (Hold secure to clamp with RTV )
3/4" PVC pipe, 2" Long, Schedule40
ASTM D-1785, Bristolpipe
3/4" Plug, PVCLASCO 449-007
3/4" Coupling PVCLASCO 429-007
Glue to underside of bridge deck using structural epoxy such as 3M DP-810. (See surface prep. note below)
During magnetic field surveys, an oval of 3M 08612 Auto Glass Butyl Sealer may be used to provide a temporary bond to bridge deck.
Preparation for structural epoxy bonding:* Wipe all bonding surfaces free of dust and most films with solvent, such as isopropyl alcohol.* Abrade surfaces using fine grit abrasive (180 grit or finer)* Remove residue using solvent such as isopropyl alcohol.
TEE Reducing 2"X2"X1" PVCLASCO 401-249
Holding Screw - Self-Tapping,SS, #4X1/2" (Drill 3/32" pilot
hole in Tee)2" PVC pipe, Schedule 40 ASTM D-1785, Bristolpipe
Clamp to bottom of bridge I beams
1" to 3/4" PVC ReducerBushing, LASCO 437-131
Van Wyck Expressway• Site installed by NYSDOT forces on elevated 8 lane section
of I-678 in Queens• 142,000 AADT
• Two probes per lane• Currently collecting volume data via telemetry
A Cost Effective Method to Obtain ‘Weigh-In-Motion’ Data
Weight Data Needs
• Planning
• Targeted Commercial Vehicle Enforcement• Joint New York State Police/NYSDOT effort
• 2002 Pavement Design Guide
Guide’s Three Hierarchical Levels of Design Inputs
• Level 1 – Site Specific Measurements• Traffic Volume • Vehicle Classification (axle configuration)• WIM (Axle load distribution)• Data collected within or near project area
• Level 2 – Correlations• Regional values derived from larger dataset• Similar truck traffic and truck weight characteristics
• Level 3 – Default Values• National defaults configured with local knowledge
“Do More With Less”
• Traditional WIM Sites• Expensive to equip• Expensive to install• Expensive to maintain
• DOT Traffic Monitoring Programs• Staffs shrinking• Funding limited
• Cost effective alternatives needed
2001 Construction
‘WIM Card’ Development
• Desire to collect volume, speed, classification and truck weight data using piezo axle sensor inputs to an auto-calibrating traffic recorder • Added functionality for existing traffic monitoring sites• Provides a cost effective and safe weighing solution
when compared to other WIM technologies
• Nineteen sites now online statewide• Periodic testing to verify accuracy
• Continuous monitoring and collection
WIM Site Features/Capabilities
• Auto-calibrates using steering axle of a Class 9 truck with user selected sample size• Meets ASTM 1318-02 accuracy requirements for Class I piezos
(ASTM Type II)
• Auto-gain control detects input signal from the piezo sensor and adjusts gain to provide best axle detection and resolution
• Solar powered• Cell modem for communications• Seamless integration into Statewide Traffic Monitoring
System• Trafman software for auto polling
• Automated quality control checks
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Archived Data Formats
• Standard is FHWA W card• Enhanced W card
• Vehicle time stamped to 1/100 second• Speed recorded to 1/10 mile per hour
• Quarterly report for stakeholders• Summary by site of volume, speed, class
and weight data in user friendly format• Design Guide inputs and ESALs• Raw data available by request
Costs
• Four Lane AVC/WIM site installation• $50K (Upstate)• $80K (Metro New York
City)
• WIM Enabled TCC 540 ATR• $10K per unit
• Data Rate • $20-$30/day
Site Maintenance Contract
• Performance based maintenance contract highly recommended
• Payment based on “per day of data”• Full 24 hours with no interruptions or failures
• Liquidated damages• Site “down” for more than five days• System drops below 95% readiness
• Over and Above Items• New construction or upgrade of sites
“Cutting The Cord”Wireless Communications and Traffic
Monitoring Sites
Communications: Why Wireless?
• No infrastructure costs• Service fees less than landline• Eliminates line quality issues• Coverage issues resolved• Digital• Low power
• Accommodates use of photovoltaics • Flexibility
• Equipment choices• Coverage choices
NYSDOT’s Sites• 169 Locations in Statewide
Traffic Monitoring System (Continuous Count)
LandlineCell
ModemDigital Pager
73 69 27
Tri-Mode CDMA Cellular Modem
• Dataremote CDS 9022
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Sullivan
Suffolk
Warren
Oswego
Allegany
Orange
Cattaraugus
Cayuga
Tioga
Saratoga
Broome
Ontario
ChautauquaGreene
Dutchess
Monroe
Chenango
Wayne
Albany
Madison
Onondaga
Washington
Columbia
Niagara
Yates
LivingstonWyoming
SchoharieCortland
Rensselaer
Genesee
Seneca
Tompkins
Orleans
Chemung
Schuyler
Westchester
Nassau
Montgomery
Putnam
Rockland
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Bronx
Richmond
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New York State Cell SitesNew York Cell Sites
Dataremote CDS 9022
• Equipment Costs• $695 for cell modem• $70 for antenna
• Monthly Service Costs
Volume
OnlyClass/Speed
Weigh-In-Motion
$11-$24 $24-32 $25-$100
Digital Pager• Trafinfo.com Trafmate
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Metro New York City Pager Sites
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Trafmate
• Equipment Costs• $685 for digital pager
including antenna
• Monthly Service Costs
Volume
1-3 Lanes
Volume
4-7 Lanes
Volume
8 LanesClass/Speed
$6.75 $8.95 $9.80 $25.00
Two-Way Digital Pager• Trafinfo.com Trafmate 6
Trafmate 6
• Equipment Costs• $795 for digital pager
including antenna
• Monthly Service Costs
Volume/Class/Speed
$20.00
Highway Data Management SystemHDMS
Highway Data StoreHDS
DATABASE TOOLS
• HIGHWAY DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (HDMS)• An Oracle-based relational database and
application to process and manage highway and traffic data with linkages to other NYSDOT data systems
• HIGHWAY DATA STORE (HDS)• A data warehouse tool to access and query
data maintained in HDMS
HDMS
• All data in one consistent database• Replaces flat file mainframe data storage system
• Traffic and pavement data linked to highway data• All volume, speed, classification and truck weight
data captured and archived on network• State, county and local facilities
• Extracts to support current users• Business rules/list of values driven• Feature based as opposed to segment
Highway Data Store
• An Oracle Discoverer-based data warehouse tool to access the highway inventory and traffic monitoring data of the NYSDOT Highway Data Services Bureau
• Refreshed nightly with data from HDMS
• Pre-packaged data sets available
• Full data access offered
HDS Implementation
Sequence of user implementation:• NYSDOT Highway Data Services
Bureau staff
• NYSDOT Main Office “super users”
• NYSDOT Regional Offices/other Intradot users
• MPOs/FHWA web-based access
Traffic Count Editor(TCE)
TCE
• Analyze, maintain, and submit short-term volume, classification and speed counts • Standard file formats found in NYSDOT EI 01-001
“Traffic Monitoring Standards”• Includes automatic processing conditions/checks• Any combination of conditions of 15 different types
can be configured centrally and distributed to users
• Used by thirty-three NYSDOT county and Regional offices
Traffic Data Forecaster(TDF)
TDF
• Evaluates historical AADT data and determines short- and long-term traffic growth rates based on user selected criteria• Applies these projections to determine
AADT forecasts and estimates for sites without annual counts
• Produces a variety of summary reports and file extracts
Traf Mon Future Directions
• Road Weather Information System (RWIS)• Road temperature sensor input on WIM board• Installed in shoulder at test site• Real time temperature data for use in deicing
operations
• Commercial Vehicle Enforcement• Augment weigh stations with High Speed WIM
to enable continuous monitoring of locations
• Information Exchange Network (IEN)
Traf Mon Future Directions
• Micro Fuel Cell Venture?• Backup power source
• All traffic data available through GIS (Arcview)• On target for completion, November 2004
• Traffic controllers for data collection • Counts at intersections• Piezo inputs to obtain vehicle classification data
A Plea To The ITS Community
• Don’t forget us!• Archive and share your data
• Build on successes• Early partnerships with ITS & Traf Mon in
NYSDOT Region’s 1, 6 and 8• Additional hardware and/or software
modifications
Questions?
The NYSDOT Traffic Monitoring Section Thanks You For Your
Interest In Our Program