i

DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY

BY USING TIC-TAC-TOE GAME

(A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH TO THE TENTH IIS GRADE

STUDENTS OF SMA NU KEDUNG JEPARA

IN 2014/2015 ACADEMIC YEAR)

By

INKA PERMATA SARI

NIM 201132215

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS

2015

ii

iii

DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY

BY USING TIC-TAC-TOE GAME

(A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH TO THE TENTH IIS GRADE

STUDENTS OF SMA NU KEDUNG JEPARA

IN 2014/2015 ACADEMIC YEAR)

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program

in English Education

By

INKA PERMATA SARI

NIM 201132215

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS

2015

iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO

Allah will never change one’s destiny. Leave the bad things in the past to

get the bright future. (Q S. Arra’du : 11)

DEDICATION

This thesis is fully dedicated to:

1. My beloved parents

2. My beloved sister and brother, Hety Mayang Fitriani and Abid Aqila Tripranaja

3. All of my friends.

v

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the skripsi of Inka Permata Sari (NIM 201132215) has been

approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining

Committee

Kudus 18th

May 2015

vi

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL

This is certifying that the skripsi of Inka Permata Sari (NIM 201132215) has been

approved by the examining committee as a requirement for completing the sarjana

program in English Education.

Kudus, June 13rd

2015

Thesis Examining Committ

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the writer praises Almighty Allah S.W.T, who had blassed and

given the inspiration, so the writer can finish this final project without there is any

significance of the problem.

During this struggle to finish this final project completely entitled Developing

Students’ Speaking Ability by Using Tic Tac Toe Games (A Classroom Action

Research to the Tenth IIS Grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015

Acdemic Year), the writer would also like to convey her special gratitude to:

1. Drs. Selamet Utomo, M.Pd as the dean of the Teacher Training and

Education Faculty, for all his supports.

2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd the head of English Education Department, for

all her supports.

3. Drs.Suprihadi M.Pd as the frist advisor of the research, for all his

invaluable time and patience in guiding the writer during the process of

research and writing.

4. Atik Rokhayati S.Pd, M.Pd as the second advisor of the research, for all

his invaluable time and patience in guiding the writer during the process of

research and writing.

5. Hj. Aini Mahmudah M.S.1 as the principal of SMA NU Kedung Jepara

for her permission and helps.

viii

6. Akhmad Wiharno S.Pd as the English teacher of the tenth IIS grade

students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara for her advice and helps.

7. All the students in the tenth IIS grades for the joy and help that always full

of spirit during the process of research.

8. The writer beloved family, my mother, father, sister, and brother who

always give spirit and love.

9. My best friends (Farida Fatmawati, Yuyun Maksumah, Hidayah Nilal

Amal, Siti Wafiroh, Noviana Kusmahanani, Santy Agustin, Lina Hartatik,

Fera Haryani, Dian Eka Widiartati, Yuli Prastika Herawati, Eva Yuli

Mukti Ningrum, and Laela Nur Mahmudah) thanks for the joy and our

friendship.

10. All people involved during the writing of this final project.

Finally, thanks are also due to those whose names could not be mentioned

here, their contributions have enabled her completing this final project. The writer

has a great expectation that her study will be beneficial and useful for everybody

who interest in reading this research.

Jepara, 18th

May 2015

The writer,

Inka Permata Sari

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ABSTRACT

Sari, Inka Permata, 2015. Developing Students’ Speaking Ability By Using Tic-

Tac-Toe Game (A Classroom Action Reseach to the Tenth IIS Grade Students

of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 Academic Year). Skripsi: English

Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus

University. Advisor: (1) Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd.,(2) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd.,

M.Pd.

Key words : Speaking ability, Tic-Tac-Toe Game, classroom action research

Speaking ability is one of the skills that should be mastered by the students

besides three other skills in learning language. Through speaking people could

communicate orally by presenting their idea in real life. They make speaking to be

natural than other forms of communication. One purposes of learning English is

understand English early since Elementary School until Senior High School. One

of problems that have to be face by English teacher and learner is how to deal

with speaking. Sometimes, the students could master and always remember all the

speaking learned at school well, but after they have finished their study, they lose

many of English words and only limited numbers are remembered. This

phenomenon happens in the process of speaking ability in the Senior High School,

belong to the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015

academic year is those who are studying about social sciences. Such this condition

happens in SMA NU Kedung Jepara. Tic Tac Toe Game makes students will be

more interested and more active in learning. They will feel something new and

different from what they usually get in their class. The writer hopes that with the

use of Tic Tac Toe Game they will be active as participants and they have more a

chance to express their mind. Tic Tac Toe Game is a game in which two players

alternately crosess and circles in one of the components of square grid of nine

spaces; the object is to get a row of three crosses or three circles before the

opponent does.

The objective of the research is to find out if Tic Tac Toe Game can develop

the speaking ability of recont text at the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU

Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year and to describe the students’ response

on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at developing their speaking ability of

recount text. Based on the explanation above, the writer chooses the tenth IIS

grade of students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year as a

subject of the research.

This research applied a classroom action research which is consisted two

cycles. The subject of this research was the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU

Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year. The number of participants in this

x

research was 28 students. In completing the research, the writer used the

observation sheet, questionnaire, oral test as the instruments of collecting the data.

By conducting the classroom action research, it was found out that using Tic

Tac Toe Game developed students’ speaking ability of recount text and can

describe the students’ response on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at

developing their speaking ability of recount text. The result of this research has

shown that the students progress in developes speaking ability in each cycle. First

cycle was 60.85 (less than 65, not achieved). The second cycles, was 71.85

(Achieved) which was higher than the KKM score and the result of questionnaire

has shown that the students progress in developes speaking ability in each cycle,

the students’ response on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at developing their

speaking ability of recount text still need development in cycle I and in cycle II,

the students’ response on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at developing their

speaking ability of recount text can be developed. The observation sheet, it was

shows that teaching and learning process in the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU

Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year still need improvement and in cycle

II, it was shows that teaching and learning process in the tenth IIS grade of SMA

NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year can be developed.

Therefore, the writer can conclude that the use of Tic Tac Toe Game can

develop the speaking ability of recount text at the tenth IIS grade students of SMA

NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year. Reffering to this research, there

are several important things that can be suggested in the last of the research report

and it is hopefully useful for the English teacher. The first suggestion is the

teacher should make a variety in teaching and learning English speaking either

media to solve the students’ problem in study about English speaking. The second

suggestion is the teacher can apply Tic Tac Toe Game to develop the students’

speaking ability. It is one of media that helped the teacher in teaching and learning

activity is interesting because can attract the students’ response in developing

students’ speaking ability and make the students to be active in responding the

teacher or their friends.

xi

ABSTRAK

Sari, Inka Permata, 2015. Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa

Menggunakan Tic-Tac-Toe Game (SemacamPenelitian Tindakan Kelas pada

Siswa Kelas Sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara Pada Tahun Ajaran

2014/2015). Skripsi : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas

Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing:(1)

Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd., (2) Atik Rokhayani , S.Pd., M.Pd.

Kata Kunci :Kemampuan berbicara Tic-Tac-Toe Game, penelitian tindakan kelas

Kemampuan berbicara adalah salah satu kemampuan yang harus dikuasai

oleh siswa disamping tiga kemampuan lain dalam belajar bahasa. Melalui

berbicara orang dapat berkomunikasi secara langsung dengan mempresentasikan

ide mereka dalam kehidupan nyata. Mereka membuat menjadi alami daripada

bentuk komunikasi lain. Salah satu tujuan adalah bagaimana cara menguasai

berbicara. Kadang- kadang, para siswa dapat menguasai dan selalu mengingat

semua pelajaran berbicara di sekolah dengan baik, tetapi setelah mereka selesai

pelajaran, mereka kehilangan banyak kosa kata bahasa Inggris dan hanya sedikit

kosa kata yang mereka ingat. Kenyataan ini terjadi pada proses kemampuan

berbicara Sekolah Menengah Atas, termasuk siswa kelas sepuluh IIS di SMA NU

Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 yaitu siswa yang belajar mengenai

ilmu sosial. Seperti yang terjadi di SMA NU Kedung Jepara. Tic Tac Toe Game

membuat para siswa akan lebih tertarik dan lebih aktif dalam belajar. Mereka

merasakan sesuatu yang baru dan berbeda dari apa yang mereka dapat biasanya di

kelas. Penulis berharap dengan menggunakan Tic Tac Toe Game mereka akan

aktif sebagai peserta dan mereka mendapatkan kesempatan mengekspresikan ide

mereka. Tic Tac Toe Game adalah game yang dimainkan oleh dua pemain dengan

bentuk simbol silang dan bulat di dalam satu komponen berbentuk persegi

sembilan bagian; yang tujuannya memperoleh tiga baris dengan simbol silang

atau bulat sebelum lawan selesai. Pemain membuat sembilan garis pada papan

atau kertas.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan bahwa Tic Tac Toe Game dapat

mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada teks recount pada kelas

sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 dan

mendeskripsikan respon siswa pada Tic Tac Toe Game yang bertujuan

mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara pada teks recount. Berdasarkan pada

keterangan di atas, penulis memilih siswa kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung

Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 sebagai subjek penelitian.

Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang berisi dua siklus.

Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara

pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015. Jumlah peserta didik adalah 28 siswa. Di dalam

xii

melengkapi penelitian, penulis menggunakan lembar observation, questionnaire,

tes oral sebagai bahan mengumpulkan data.

Dengan mengadakan penelitian tindakan kelas, di temukan bahwa

menggunakan Tic Tac Toe Game mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa

pada teks recount dan dapat mendeskripsikan respon siswa terhadap Tic Tac Toe

Game yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara mereka pada teks

recount. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan kemampuan

berbicara siswa pada masing-masing siklus. Siklus I adalah 60.85 (kurang dari

65,tidak memenuhi). Siklus II adalah 71.85 (memenuhi) yang lebih tinggi dari

nilai KKM dan hasil dari questionnaire menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan siswa

pada kemampuan berbicara pada masing-masing siklus, respon siswa pada Tic

Tac Toe Game yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada

teks recount masih harus dikembangkan di siklus I dan di siklus II, respon siswa

pada Tic Tac Toe Game yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara

siswa pada teks recount dapat berkembang. Lembar observation, menunjukkan

bahwa proses belajar mengajar di kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada

Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 masih harus di tingkatkan dan di siklus II, menunjukkan

bahwa proses belajar mengajar di kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada

Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 dapat berkembang.

Oleh karena itu, penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa menggunakan Tic Tac

Toe Game dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada teks recount

pada kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015.

Sehubungan dengan penelitian ini, ada beberapa saran di akhir laporan penelitian

dan ini sangat berguna untuk guru bahasa Inggris. Saran pertama adalah guru

harus membuat variasi dalam mengajar dan belajar berbicara bahasa Inggris atau

juga dapat menggunakan media untuk mengatasi masalah tentang belajar

berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris. Saran kedua adalah guru dapat menerapakan Tic

Tac Toe Game untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa. Ini adalah

salah satu media yang membantu guru dalam aktivitas mengajar dan belajar

merarik karena dapat membangkitkan respon siswa dalam mengembangkan

kemampuan berbicara dan membuat siswa menjadi aktif dalam merespon guru

teman-teman mereka.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER ................................................................................................................... i

LOGO ..................................................................................................................... ii

TITLE ................................................................................................................... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ............................................................................ iv

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL .................................................................................... v

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... ix

ABSTRAKSI ...................................................................................................... xi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. xiii

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xvi

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... xviii

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xix

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research ....................................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Research………………… .............................................. 4

1.3 Objective of the Research ........................................................................... 5

1.4 Significance of the Research ...................................................................... 5

1.5 Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 6

1.6 Operational Definition Variable ................................................................. 6

CHAPTER 11 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Teaching English for in SMA NU Kedung Jepara .................................. 7

2.1.1 The Curriculum of Teaching English in SMA NU Kedung Jepara ........ 8

2.1.2 Purpose of Teaching English in SMA NU Kedung Jepara ..................... 9

2.1.3 The Material of Teaching English in SMA NU Kedung Jepara ........... 10

2.2 Speaking Ability ..................................................................................... 11

xiv

2.2.1 Elements of Speaking ............................................................................ 12

2.2.2 Assessment of Speaking ........................................................................ 14

2.2.3 Teaching Speaking ................................................................................ 15

2.3 General Concept of Game ........................................................................16

2.3.1 Advantages of Game ............................................................................ 17

2.3.2 Disavantages of Game ........................................................................... 18

2.4 Tic Tac Toe Game .................................................................................. 19

2.4.1 The Characteristic of Tic Tac Toe Game .............................................. 19

2.4.2 Procedure of Tic Tac Toe Game ........................................................... 20

2.5 The Definition of RecountText ............................................................... 21

2.5.1The Characteristics of Recount Text ...................................................... 21

2.5.2 The Implementation of Tic Tac Toe Game in Teaching Speaking Ability

of Recount Text.................................................................................... 22

2.5.3 Eample of Tic Tac Toe Game in Teaching Recount Text ..................... 22

2.6 Review of Previous Research ................................................................... 24

2.7 Theoretical Framework ........................................................................... 26

2.8 Action Hypothesis ................................................................................... 27

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Setting and Characteristics of Research Subject ...................................... 29

3.2 Variable of the Research .......................................................................... 31

3.3 Design of the Research ............................................................................ 31

3.3.1 Planning ................................................................................................. 32

3.3.2 Action .................................................................................................... 33

3.3.3 Observation ........................................................................................... 33

3.3.4 Analysis and Reflection ........................................................................ 33

3.4 Data Collecting Technique ..................................................................... 34

3.5 Instrument Research ................................................................................. 35

3.6 Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 36

3.7 Success Indicator ...................................................................................... 41

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CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Pre- cycle ....................................................................................................... 43

4.2 Development of Students’ speaking Ability by Using Tic Tac Toe Game 45

4.2.1 The Result of Cycle I ................................................................................. 45

4.2.2 The Result of Cycle 2 ................................................................................. 63

CHAPTER V DISCUSSIONS

5.1 Discussion .................................................................................................... 87

5.1.1 The Improvement of Speaking Ability of Recount Text to the

Tenth IIS Grade Students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in

2014/2015 academic year by Using Tic Tac Toe Game ................................... 88

5.1.2 The students of the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung

Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year interested in the use of Tic

Tac Toe Game ............................................................................................................... 92

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusions ...................................................................................................97

6.2 Suggestions ...................................................................................................101

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

xvi

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

3.1 Time of Research ....................................................................................... 30

3.6.1 The Scoring of Speaking Test ................................................................ 36

3.6.2 The Assessment Criteria of the Speaking Ability ................................... 40

4.1 Teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching English by Using

Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth

IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in

Cycle 1 ...................................................................................................... 49

4.2 The students’ response in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe

Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade

of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1 ...... 51

4.3 The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using

Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth

IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in

Cycle 1 ...................................................................................................... 56

4.4 The Assessment Criteria of the Speaking Ability ...................................... 59

4.5 Teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching English by Using

Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth

IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in

Cycle II ..................................................................................................... 67

4.6 The students’ response in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe

Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade

of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle II ...... 69

4.7 The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using

Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth

IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in

Cycle I1 ........................................................................................................74

xvii

4.8 The Assessment Criteria of the Speaking Ability .......................................... 77

4.9 Recapitulation of the students’ Assessment Test of the Speaking Ability by

Using Tic Tac Toe Game ............................................................................... 78

xviii

LIST OF FIGUREES

Figure Page

3.3 Cyclical Action Research ............................................................... 32

xix

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendices Page

1. Syllabus ........................................................................................................ 105

2. Lesson plan for Cycle 1................................................................................ 131

3. The observation sheet of teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching

English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking

ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in

2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1 .......................................................... 146

4. The questionnaire of the students’ response in teaching English

by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability

of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015

academic year in Cycle 1 ............................................................................. 148

5. Lesson plan for Cycle 2................................................................................ 150

6. The observation sheet of teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching

English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking

ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in

2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 2 .......................................................... 166

7. The questionnaire of the students’ response in teaching English by

Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability

of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015

academic year in Cycle 2 ............................................................................. 168

8. The List of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in

2014/2015 academic year.......................................................................... 170

9. The List of the Midterm Test Score of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU

Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year ............................................... 171

10. The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using

Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth

IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in

Cycle 1 ...................................................................................................... 172

11. The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using

Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth

IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in

Cycle 2 ...................................................................................................... 174

xx

12. The Score of Cycle I ................................................................................. 176

13. The Score of Cycle II ................................................................................. 177

14.The Recapitulation of the students’ Assessment Test of the Speaking

Ability by Using Tic Tac Toe Game ......................................................... 178

15. Tic Tac Toe Grid Paper for Cycle 1 ........................................................... 179

16. Tic Tac Toe Grid Paper for Cycle 2 ........................................................... 180

17. The Script of teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop

students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung

Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year ............................................................. 181

18. Documentation ........................................................................................... 193

19. Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian............................................................... 194

20. Surat Keterangan Penelitian ....................................................................... 195

21. Profil SMA NU Kedung Jepara ................................................................. 196

22. Struktur Kurikulum dan Pembagian Jam Mata Pelajaran dan Mulok........ 197

23. Tata Tertib Siswa SMA NU Kedung Jepara .............................................. 198

24. Surat Permohonan Ujin Skripsi .................................................................. 199

25. Surat Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan ......................................................... 200

26. Statement .................................................................................................... 201

27. Curriculum Vitae ........................................................................................ 202