14
2,000,000 200,000 20,000 2,000 200 20 Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020 1. World: Evolution of confirmed COVID-19 cases and recoveries Total confirmed cases and recoveries NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE) Confirmed recoveries Confirmed cases # of people (log scale) 10,000 1,000 100 10 1 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 2. World: Evolution of confirmed COVID-19 cases for selected countries Cases per one million population, days since 1/1 000 000 person infected NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Worldometers, Johns Hopkins CSSE) CAN KOR FRA DEU BEL USA Days since 1 case per million ESP # of people (log scale) IND

DEUFRA CAN ESP IND USA BEL KOR - Nash Family Wealth...0 0 0 0 200 20 0 0 0 0 0 0: n f d D - s s E ) d s d cases) 10,000 1,000 100 10 1 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 2 . World:

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    0

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 2,000,000

    200,000

    20,000

    2,000

    200

    20

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    1. World: Evolution of confirmed COVID-19 cases and recoveriesTotal confirmed cases and recoveries

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE)

    Confirmed

    recoveries

    Confirmed

    cases# of people (log scale)

    10,000

    1,000

    100

    10

    1

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

    2. World: Evolution of confirmed COVID-19 cases for selected countriesCases per one million population, days since 1/1 000 000 person infected

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Worldometers, Johns Hopkins CSSE)

    CAN

    KOR

    FRADEU

    BELUSA

    Days since 1 case per million

    ESP# of people (log scale)

    IND

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • 500

    50

    5

    1

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

    3. Europe: COVID-19 deaths versus South KoreaDeaths per one million population, days since 1 death per million

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE, Worldometers)

    SWE

    KOR

    Days since 1 death per million

    GBR

    DEU

    BEL

    FRA

    ESP# of people (log scale)

    DNK

    NOR

    500

    50

    5

    1

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

    4. North America: COVID-19 deaths versus selected countriesDeaths per one million population, days since 1 death per million

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE, Worldometers)

    CAN

    KOR

    USA

    ESP

    BEL

    Days since 1 death per million

    # of people (log scale)

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • 5. Evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic, selected countries

    Daily change in new cases and in total active cases, 3 day moving average (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE)

    0

    20

    40

    60

    80

    100

    120

    140

    0

    500

    1,000

    1,500

    2,000

    2,500

    3,000

    3,500

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    World

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0.0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    1.4

    1.6

    1.8

    2.0

    2.2

    0

    4

    8

    12

    16

    20

    24

    28

    32

    36

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    Canada

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    110

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    Italy

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    35

    0

    200

    400

    600

    800

    1,000

    1,200

    1,400

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    United States

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    Germany

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0.0

    0.2

    0.4

    0.6

    0.8

    1.0

    1.2

    1.4

    1.6

    1.8

    0

    5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    35

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    Belgium

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    New cases (left axis) New recoveries (left axis) Active cases (confirmed – recovered – deaths, right axis)

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • 5. Evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic, selected countries (continued)

    Daily change in new cases and in total active cases (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE)

    .00

    .05

    .10

    .15

    .20

    .25

    .30

    .35

    .40

    .45

    0.0

    0.5

    1.0

    1.5

    2.0

    2.5

    3.0

    3.5

    4.0

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    Denmark

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0.0

    0.5

    1.0

    1.5

    2.0

    2.5

    3.0

    0

    4

    8

    12

    16

    20

    24

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    South Africa

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    0

    20

    40

    60

    80

    100

    120

    140

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    India

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    10

    11

    12

    0

    40

    80

    120

    160

    200

    240

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    Russia

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    South Korea

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    -.1

    .0

    .1

    .2

    .3

    .4

    .5

    .6

    .7

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    0

    4

    8

    12

    16

    20

    24

    28

    32

    36

    40

    44

    0

    50

    100

    150

    200

    250

    300

    350

    400

    Jan 2020 Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    Brazil

    NBF Economics and Strategy

    000 persons

    New cases (left axis) New recoveries (left axis) Active cases (confirmed – recovered – deaths, right axis)

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • 500

    50

    5

    1

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

    6. Canada: COVID-19 deaths versus selected countriesDeaths per one million population, days since 1 death per million

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE, Worldometers)

    SWE

    QC

    Days since 1 death per million

    CAN

    AB

    BEL

    BC

    ON

    # of people (log scale)

    USA

    ESP

    5,000

    500

    50

    5

    1

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

    7. Canada: COVID-19 cases versus selected countriesDeaths per one million population, days since 1 death per million

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE, Worldometers)

    SWE

    QC

    Days since 1 death per million

    CAN

    AB

    BEL

    BC

    ON

    # of people (log scale)USA

    ESP

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • 5,000

    500

    50

    5

    1

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

    8. Latin America: COVID-19 cases versus selected countriesCases per one million population, days since 1 case per million

    MEX

    CAN

    BRA

    BELPER# of people (log scale)

    CHL

    ESP

    1,000

    100

    10

    1

    10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

    9. Latin America: COVID-19 deaths versus selected countriesDeaths per one million population, days since 1 case per million

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html, Worldometers)

    MEX

    Days since 1 death per million

    CANBRA

    BEL

    PER

    # of people (log scale)

    CHL

    ESP

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • 10. World: Evolution of new confirmed cases, selected countriesNew daily cases by one million population, 7-day moving average

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html, Worldometers)

    2020-04-15 2020-04-22 2020-04-29 2020-05-06 2020-05-13 2020-05-20 2020-05-27 2020-06-03 2020-06-10 cumulative

    Brazil 8.17 11.72 22.80 31.54 42.69 68.18 80.81 115.73 126.62 3634

    Sweden 48.59 56.48 59.54 50.09 55.28 50.06 49.38 79.16 83.26 4539

    United States 89.64 88.04 86.13 81.75 69.52 69.68 63.58 65.75 64.28 6044

    South Africa 1.59 2.72 4.13 5.92 10.28 14.28 19.11 27.91 43.11 934

    Portugal 69.33 54.50 35.34 23.49 27.31 21.40 22.86 27.58 32.76 3490

    Mexico 2.95 5.20 8.04 10.90 13.91 18.18 23.74 25.72 30.96 1002

    United Kingdom 79.43 73.69 66.76 75.50 60.19 39.12 39.87 26.55 21.65 4274

    Israel 51.11 32.96 22.05 7.86 3.93 1.96 2.08 9.64 16.14 2121

    Canada 34.72 43.48 43.63 44.61 33.89 29.76 27.84 21.32 15.62 2559

    Netherlands 63.90 56.21 33.28 21.15 15.90 10.39 11.10 8.11 11.38 2829

    Turkey 52.79 49.60 32.04 23.98 19.26 16.05 12.21 11.22 11.20 2052

    Belgium 125.35 102.50 73.59 36.02 39.44 24.68 19.83 13.47 10.90 5140

    India 0.66 0.94 1.21 2.06 2.60 3.52 4.77 6.08 6.19 200

    Denmark 31.54 30.36 27.03 22.94 17.98 11.10 8.95 7.18 6.04 2075

    Spain 89.69 93.72 13.80 22.58 25.50 11.78 11.29 12.40 5.96 5170

    Italy 60.78 52.37 38.41 25.66 18.06 12.42 8.92 6.37 4.55 3898

    Germany 36.62 27.12 18.59 11.30 10.13 7.47 5.21 4.43 4.10 2228

    Austria 22.13 9.35 7.57 4.48 4.97 5.65 3.78 2.86 3.71 1889

    Finland 19.34 23.00 20.03 17.20 12.40 10.03 6.42 5.65 3.33 1270

    Norway 17.23 15.76 9.80 7.54 4.72 2.79 3.16 2.00 3.08 1585

    Switzerland 51.10 32.30 19.04 10.92 5.90 4.10 1.97 1.96 1.97 3630

    South Korea 0.58 0.29 0.20 0.13 0.50 0.37 0.62 0.79 0.89 233

    Japan 4.33 3.84 2.68 1.53 0.90 0.36 0.32 0.24 0.31 135

    China 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 53

    France 110.43 48.71 22.73 16.14 7.70 6.76 2.14 19.25 -1.84 2882

    11. World: Evolution of new deaths, selected countriesNew daily deaths by one million population, 7-day moving average

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html, Worldometers)

    2020-04-15 2020-04-22 2020-04-29 2020-05-06 2020-05-13 2020-05-20 2020-05-27 2020-06-03 2020-06-10 cumulative

    Brazil 0.62 0.79 1.75 2.07 3.13 3.78 4.53 4.67 4.79 187

    Mexico 0.30 0.58 0.84 1.08 1.68 2.07 2.78 3.47 4.02 119

    Sweden 7.31 10.40 7.44 6.79 7.35 5.26 5.51 4.56 3.58 476

    United Kingdom 11.77 11.39 16.83 8.37 6.54 5.30 3.70 4.77 2.95 606

    United States 5.89 7.89 6.22 5.39 4.62 4.03 3.02 2.92 2.49 342

    Canada 2.25 3.80 4.01 4.60 4.02 2.75 2.73 2.65 1.74 212

    Belgium 27.12 22.46 15.27 10.33 6.21 3.78 2.64 1.95 1.32 831

    Italy 9.39 8.12 6.13 4.73 3.36 2.89 1.75 1.25 1.21 564

    South Africa 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.16 0.29 0.51 0.58 1.01 20

    Portugal 3.07 2.61 2.63 1.62 1.20 1.23 1.30 1.27 0.70 147

    France 13.75 9.11 6.02 3.76 2.76 2.30 1.01 0.92 0.64 448

    Netherlands 7.45 7.73 5.52 4.14 3.01 1.56 1.03 0.89 0.55 355

    Denmark 2.24 1.85 1.46 1.55 0.67 0.52 0.27 0.37 0.32 102

    Switzerland 5.75 4.51 3.46 1.49 1.09 0.37 0.42 0.07 0.25 227

    Germany 2.38 2.44 1.77 1.30 0.93 0.52 0.45 0.26 0.23 101

    Turkey 1.20 1.45 1.19 0.85 0.62 0.46 0.35 0.30 0.23 56

    India 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.16 0.17 6

    Israel 0.94 0.97 0.43 0.40 0.41 0.25 0.03 0.17 0.13 35

    Finland 0.83 1.99 1.47 1.19 0.83 0.52 0.23 0.21 0.08 58

    Norway 1.29 0.98 0.53 0.24 0.34 0.13 0.03 0.05 0.05 44

    Austria 1.90 1.86 1.11 0.44 0.25 0.14 0.19 0.40 0.05 75

    Spain 11.97 9.19 7.82 4.83 2.99 0.00 0.86 0.03 0.02 580

    Japan 0.06 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.14 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.02 7

    South Korea 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 5

    China 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • 12. Canada: Evolution of new casesNew daily cases by one million population, 7-day moving average

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Government of Canada, Johns Hopkins CSSE)

    2020-04-15 2020-04-22 2020-04-29 2020-05-06 2020-05-13 2020-05-20 2020-05-27 2020-06-03 2020-06-10 cumulative

    Quebec 81.30 102.79 95.04 130.04 94.39 81.40 73.47 46.22 24.53 6286

    Ontario 31.09 51.68 31.96 28.75 25.55 26.29 26.92 26.08 22.87 2259

    Alberta 16.24 50.04 57.65 26.08 14.51 10.72 6.24 4.90 6.54 1665

    British Columbia 6.37 7.83 8.23 4.73 3.41 2.56 2.34 2.06 1.61 526

    Saskatchewan 5.35 2.68 6.94 15.70 7.91 5.23 2.07 1.22 1.34 560

    Nova Scotia 35.15 32.80 23.97 9.26 3.82 3.09 1.18 0.74 0.44 1092

    Manitoba 3.03 1.15 1.88 1.15 0.42 0.00 0.21 0.63 0.21 219

    New-Brunswick 2.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 151

    Newfounland 5.20 2.47 0.55 0.27 0.55 -0.27 0.00 0.27 0.00 500

    Prince Edward Island 0.91 0.00 0.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 172

    13. Canada: Evolution of new deathsNew daily deaths by one million population, 7-day moving average

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Government of Canada, Johns Hopkins CSSE)

    2020-04-15 2020-04-22 2020-04-29 2020-05-06 2020-05-13 2020-05-20 2020-05-27 2020-06-03 2020-06-10 cumulative

    Quebec 5.25 10.89 10.57 12.61 11.95 8.37 8.59 9.53 4.83 1 599

    Ontario 2.27 3.70 3.83 3.99 3.17 1.80 1.77 1.23 1.59 2 174

    Nova Scotia 0.29 1.32 2.35 1.91 1.47 0.88 0.29 0.15 0.29 3 64

    Saskatchewan 0.12 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.37 0.12 0.24 6 11

    Alberta 0.72 0.59 0.69 0.82 0.26 0.26 0.42 0.13 0.20 5 35

    New-Brunswick 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 6 1

    British Columbia 0.82 0.51 0.54 0.42 0.23 0.48 0.37 0.11 0.03 4 32

    Manitoba 0.21 0.10 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 5

    Prince Edward Island 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 0

    Newfoundland 0.55 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 6

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • -10

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    100

    2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

    14. New York: Then vs nowWeekly deaths per 100 000 population: 1918 pandemic vs COVID-19 (COVID-19 last obs.: May 31 to June 6)

    Weekly deaths per 100 000 population

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Johns Hopkins CSSE, Wikipedia, Markel and al. Nonpharmaceutical Interventions Implemented

    During the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic)

    COVID-19

    1918 pandemic

    # of weeksWeek 1: September 14 1918/ March 14 2020

    Shaded area represents length of nonpharmaceutical interventions in

    1918, line represent start of measures in 2020

    32.3

    46.9

    16.1

    4.7

    23.1

    64.0

    8.5

    4.4

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    less than 15 15-44 45-64 65 and over

    Proportion ofpopulation

    Proportion ofinfluenza andpneumonia deaths

    15. United States: Perspective on pandemic related deaths

    NBF Economy and Strategy (data via CDC, Census Bureau)

    18.6

    39.7

    25.8

    16.0

    0.002.5

    16.8

    80.7

    0

    10

    20

    30

    40

    50

    60

    70

    80

    90

    less than 15 15-44 45-64 65 and over

    Proportion ofpopulation

    Proportion ofCOVID-19 deaths

    Spanish flu (1918) COVID-19 (as of May 30)

    % %

    AgeAge

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • -50

    -40

    -30

    -20

    -10

    0

    New York Miami Toronto Paris Rome Montreal Madrid Stockhom

    Worst week Current

    16. World: Perspective on trafficDifference in congestion level vs 2019 from 6am to 6pm, 7 day moving average (last obs.: May 31 - June 6)

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Tom Tom Traffic)

    Percentage points

    -100

    -90

    -80

    -70

    -60

    -50

    -40

    -30

    -20

    -10

    0

    10

    Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    17. World: Perspective on restaurant reservationsYear over year change in restaurant reservations, 7 day moving average (last obs.: June 9)

    y/y change

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Open Table)

    CAN

    USA

    GBR

    DEU

    Global

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • -80

    -70

    -60

    -50

    -40

    -30

    -20

    -10

    0

    10

    Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    18. World: Back to normal indexGoogle mobility data for retail & recreation, grocery & pharmacy, transit and workplaces, 7-day mov. average

    % change from baseline*

    SWE

    USA

    CANITA

    GBR

    FRA

    ESP

    *The baseline is the median value of the corresponding day of the week during the 5 week period from January 3 to February 6

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Google)

    -80

    -70

    -60

    -50

    -40

    -30

    -20

    -10

    0

    10

    Feb 2020 Mar 2020 Apr 2020 May 2020 Jun 2020

    19. Canada: Back to normal indexGoogle mobility data for retail & recreation, grocery & pharmacy, transit and workplaces, 7-day mov. average

    *The baseline is the median value of the corresponding day of the week during the 5 week period from January 3 to February 6

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Google)

    % change from baseline*

    CA

    AB

    QC

    BC

    ON

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • -1.0

    -0.5

    0.0

    0.5

    1.0

    1.5

    2.0

    2.5

    3.0

    3.5

    4.0

    4.5

    5.0

    5.5

    2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

    20. Canada: Perspective on financial stressNBF financial stress index

    Stdev

    NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Bloomberg and Refinitiv)

    Lehman bankruptcy

    and AIG bailout

    U.S. government

    credit downgrade

    and Eurozone

    crisis

    Fear of Chinese

    recession and

    petrol supply

    shock

    COVID-19

    outbreak and

    OPEC/Russia oil

    price war

    NBF Financial Stress Index for Canada

    Beta S&P/TSX financials β = cov(r,m)/var(m) calculated daily over a rolling 1- year time horizon, where r = daily percentage change in the

    S&P/TSX Financials Total Returns Index. m = daily percentage change in the S&P/TSX Total Returns Index.

    Financials bond yield spreadApproximated by the AA-rated long-term corporate bond yield, of which most constituents are financial issuers,

    minus the 10-year Canadian government bond yield.

    S&P/TSX equity risk premium proxyThe S&P/TSX 12-month forward earnings divided by the price of the index minus the 10-year Canadian

    government bond yield.

    S&P/TSX historical 1-month volatility 1-month historical volatility of the S&P/TSX.

    USD/CAD historical 1-month volatility 1-month historical volatility of the USD/CAD exchange rate.

    BBB rated corporate bond yield spread BBB rated long-term corporate bond yield minus the 10-year Canadian government bond yield.

    Provincical spread Long-term provincial government bond yield minus the 10-year Canadian government bond yield.

    Source: NBF Economics and Strategy (data via Bloomberg and Refinitiv)

    Variables Estimation

    mailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitormailto:[email protected]?subject=COVID-19%20Daily%20Monitor

  • .

    .