DETERMINATION OF NINE RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN EIGHT USGS REFERENCE SAMPLES AND IN THE ANRT GLAUCONITE, GL-O, BY SEQUENTIAL INDUCTIVELY COUPLED ARGON PLASMA SPECTROMETRY

49

DETERMINATION OF NINE RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN EIGHT USGS REFERENCE SAMPLES AND IN THE ANRT G LAUCONITE, GL-0, BY SEQUENTIAL INDUCTIVELY COUPLED ARGON PLASMA SPECTROMETRY

Iwan ROELANDTS

Geology, Petrology and Geochemistry, University of Libge, B 4OOO Sart Tilman, Libge 1, Belgium.

Nine rare earth elements have been determined by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP) in eight USGS reference samples, MAG-1, SCo-1, SDC-1, BIR-1, DNC-1, W-2, BCR-1 and BHVO-1 and in the ANRT Glauconite, GL-0. Along with these new data, updated compilations a re presented for these samples. Good agreement is observed between the present work and the compiled values.

The abundance of the rare earth elements (REE) is widely used in geochemical investigations (e.g. fractionation processes, provenance studies, realistic petrogenetic modelling, ...). So far, neutron activation analysis (NAA) and isotope dilution mass spectrometry (ID) have been the most commonly used methods for determining REE. The capabilities of inductively coupled plasma (ICP) have been demonstrated during the last decade and this technique provides now an alternative approach for the determination of REE at a level of precision generally suitable for geochemical studies.

The purpose of this present, work was to evaluate the feasibility of determining REE in sedimentary and mafic rocks by ICP.

The crust of the Earth is composed principally of igneous rocks (95 % including metamorphic rocks) and 5 % of sedimentary rocks. So far, the producers of geochemical reference samples (GRS) have given little attention to this class of rocks and collaborative studies were performed almost exclusively on igneous rocks. The use of igneous rocks as reference samples for sediment analysis is not always an adequate solution and the need for sedimentary reference samples was mentioned by Parker

in this Journal (1). Three USGS sedimentary rocks (2) were chosen as the test rocks: Marine Mud MAG-1, Shale SCo-1 and Mica Schist SDC-1. A pure Glauconite GL-0 (3) issued by ANRT, France, was also included in the present work because this material may prove useful to sedimentologists.

Most published ICP anaIyses have been concerned with common silicate rocks. We present here results for rocks of mafic composition which show low levels of REE. Three USGS mafic rock reference samples (9), Basalt BIR-1, Dolerite DNC-1 and Diabase W-2 were examined for nine REE.

In order to assess the accuracy of our ICP procedure, two older "established" USGS reference samples, Basalt BCR-1 and Basalt BHVO-1(2), were also analysed.

Compilations of analytical data on all these GRS appeared in the literature (2-9). Further REE results have become available since then. We have attempted to collate most of the new data on these samples to present updated compilations on REE. Our ICP results are reported in the present paper and compared with the compiled values.

EXPERIMENTAL

Our ICP method for REE determinations is based on acid digestion of the sample and cation exchange separation of the REE group from the matrix elements. The different steps have been published in detail in this Journal (10). The REE were determined in triplicate on the same sample solution. The precision was generally better than k 2 %.

Geostandards Newsletter, Vof. 11, N"1, Avril1987,p. 49 d 74

50

Table 1 . Comparison of our ICP results with compiled data for sedimentary reference samples. All values in ppm

Marine-Mud MAG-1 Cody Shale SCo-1 Mica Schist SDC-1 Glauconite GL-0 Element

ICP Gnpiled Val- ICP cmplled values ICP carpiled \mlm ICP colpild valm This work Mean+SD (n) This work Mean+SD (n) This work Mean+SD (n) This work Mean+SD (n)

La

Ce

Nd

Sm

EU

Gd

DY

Yb

Lu

42.6

90; 2

38.3

7.4

1.48

5.8

4.8

2.82

0.39

43.4 3.5(17)

88.7+8.6(18)

37.8 25.8(21)

7.5 0.7(19)

1.5420.16( 18)

6.2 21.5(14)

5.1 20.4(8)

2.6420.33( 18)

0.3920.04(8)

29.1

59.0

26.0

5.5

1.12

4.0

3.7

2.28

0.33

30.2 21.8(16)

63.42 5.4(18)

26.62 3.4119)

5.32 0.4(18)

1.19+0.12( 17)

4.9 0.9(14)

4.2 0.5(10)

2.4220.34( 18)

0.34+0.03( 8)

42.6

95.2

41.2

8.3

1.67

6.7

6.4

3.9

0.50

43.52 3.1(14)

93.92 7.7(15)

40.02 4.6(16)

8.13.7(17)

1 .7420.12 ( 12 )

7.621.4( 1 1 )

7.220.8 (4 )

4.320.8 ( 1 3 )

0.54+0.11(7)

20.0

55.0

27.2

5.2

1.29

4.9

3 .o

0.84

0.19

22.62 3.6(4)

38 2 21(4)

25 2 7 (4)

5.520.8( 7)

1.36+0.16(4)

4.36-4.6

0.7 -2.71

0.76s. 17 (4)

0.1220.06 (4

Table 2. Comparison of our ICP results with compiled data for three USGS mafie rock reference samples. All values are in PPm

E 1 emen t Basalt BIR-1 Dolerite DNC-1 D i a b a s e w-2 ICP Compiled values ICP Compiled values ICP Compiled value,.

This work Mean+SD(n) This work Mean+SD(n) This work Mean+SD(n)

La

Ce

Nd Sm

Eu

Cd

DY Yb

Lu

1.6

3.4 2.4 0.92 0.48 1-80 2.65 1.54 0.22

0.76 2 0.18 (14) 2.22 2 0.91 (12)

2.67 2 0.87 (12) 1.09 2 0.09 (23) 0.55 2 0.04 (19) 1.83 2 0.30 (12) 2.53 2 0.49 ( 8 )

0.25 + 0.03 (12) 1.70 2 0.19 (18)

4.2 9.8 5.1 1.07 0.55 1.95 2.82

1.98 0.29

3.76 2 0.41 (16) 9.47 5 1.52 (16) 4.89 2 0.17 ( 8 )

1.41 20.11 (19) 0.60 2 0.04 (19) 2.06 2 0.41 (10) 2.67 2 0.42 ( 7) 1.99 2 0.12 (17) 0.32 2 6.03 (13)

11.4 24.4 12.5 3.62 1.11 3.47 3.85 2.11 0.33

10.64 2 0.79 (18) 23.44 2 1.51 (18) 12.39 2 2.02 (11) 3.24 2 0.22 (20) 1.12 2 0.09 (18) 3.73 2 0.48 ( 8) 3.69 2 0.28 ( 7) 2.08 2 0.08 (16) 0.33 2 0.03 (11)

~- ~

Table 3. Comparison of our ICP results with compiled data for BCR-1 and BHVO-1 basalts. All values in ppm

Element Basalt BCR-1 ICP Compiled data

This work Mean+SO(n) NAA

Basalt BHVO-1 ICP Compiled values

ID This work Mean+SD(n)

La Ce

Nd Sm

Eu Gd

DY Yh

Lu

25.6 53.6 27.8 6.72 1.98 6.59 6.34 3.44 0.55

25.33 2 1.48 (201) 52.70 2 3.30 (235) 29.15 2 1.57 (171) 6.64 2 0.31 (200) 1.97 2 0.08 (216) 6.72 20.35 (107) 6.32 2 0.23 (111) 3.36 2 0.19 (213) 0.53 2 0.03 (150)

25.35 2 1.45(139) 52.43 2 3.35(139) 29.25 2 1.79( 89) 6.66 2 0.31(118) 1.97 2 0.08(135) 6.82 2 0.41( 37) 6.32 2 0.28( 42) 3.39 2 0.19(130) 0.53 2 0.03(108)

24.93 2 0.73 (19) 16.4 53.65 2 0.92 (42) 39.1 28.79 2 0.89 (46) 24.0 6.58 t 0.14 (45) 6.08 1.97 +. 0.05 (40) 2.11 6.70 2 0.14 (35) 5.98

3.39 2 0.1'1 (42) 2.01 6.35 2 0.14 (40) 5.23

0.52 2 0.03 (26) 0.33

15.93 2 1.39 (44) 38.83 2 3.58 (43) 25.43 2 2.17 (39) 6.20 2 0.32 (46)

6.44 2 0.44 (21) 2.1 0 2 0.1 2 (45)

5.1820.28 C19) 2.062 0.20 (46) 0.29 2 0.03 (26)

51

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Our ICP determinations are presented in Tables 1 to 3, along with mean values derived from the compiled data. In these Tables, SD represents the standard deviation of the mean value and (n) the number of values used for its calculation.The mean values were calculated following the methodology described by Gladney et a1 (8). As neutron activation is the principal source of data, it is evident that the mean values are mainly based on this method.

The following abbreviations have been used for analytical methods:

AAS CAN DCP ICP ID MS NAA OES SSMS XRF

atomic absorption spectrometry candoluminescence emission direct current plasma OES inductively coupled plasma OES isotope dilution MS mass spectrometry (not specified) neutron activation analysis optical emission spectrometry spark source MS x-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Compiled data. Tables A to I contain compiled data for REE in the nine samples studied, from MAG-1 to BHVO-1. Data are listed in ascending order of their concentration. The reference coding system is similar to that previously used (8). A complete list of individual references is given in Table J.

Sedimentary samples The compiled data for MAG-1, SCo-1 and SDC-1 are presented respectively in Tables A to C. For these samples, we achieve an excellent agreement between our data and the mean values calculated from the compiled data (Table l). In particular, it is noted our data are very near to those of NAA.

Table D contains the few values available in the literature on GL-0. The producers have not published any preferred values. Our values (Table 1) agree with the ICP values of Jarvis and J m i s (85 JAR 01)

Mafic samples. The data compiled for BIR-1, DNC-1 and W-2 are presented respectively in Tables E to G and our values in Table 2.

BIR-1 and DNC-1 samples are one order of, magnitude lower in REE content than "normal" basalts. La and Ce concentrations for BIR-1 measured in this work are significantly greater by a factor of 2 to 1.5 than the mean of the compiled values. At such low concentration levels there still remains some analytical problems (probably caused by the "blank"?). With the exception of Sm which is low, our results for DNC-1 and the mean values are in relatively good agreement

For W-2 (replacement sample for W-l), which is richer in M E , the comparison between our ICP data and the compiled means appears to be satisfactory. In particular, our results are in most instances close to the set of values obtained by NAA.

Basalts BCR-1 and BHVO-1. The compiled values for these basalts are presented respectively in Tables H and I and our ICP data in Table 3.

Basalt BCR-1 is probably the most extensively analysed and the best known GRS for REE. Its popularity is mainly due to the fact that this sample was taken as the reference standard for tGe analysis of the Apollo lunar samples. Although this GRS is no longer available (1979, many geochemical laboratories through the world still use it. An important volume of data has been reported in the literature on this sample. In Tables H and 9, we have not recompiled all the data and references since its first studies. We have started at the end of the last compilation (S), catching up on those data and references that are new or missed earlier. However, the data previously covered have been taken into account for the calculation of the mean values (Table 3). As a relatively large number of data by NAA and ID are available, their means and SD are also presented in Table 3 for comparison purposes. It is seen from this Table that our values are very close to the ID and NAA values.

For BHVO-1, our values for Nd, Sm and Gd are lower than the mean of the compiled values; however, they agree well with the mean value of the three sets of ID data. In general, our ICP results on BHVO-1 fall within k 4 % of the literature values.

As final remarks, it may be added that the-data presented in Tables 1 to 3 show that ICP spectrometry has adequate sensitivity,provided that the REE are separated from the matrix elements.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The ICP equipment used for this study was purchased with funds from the Belgian "Fonds de la Recherche Fondamentale Collective", under contract no. 9.4569.83. We are grateful to V. Miocque for her assistance.

RESUME

Neuf elements de terres rares ont t5te doses par spectrometrie d'dmission-plasma inductif (ICP) dans huit Cchahtillons geochimiques de reference du Service Geologique des Etats-Unis, MAG-1, SCo-1, SDC-1, BIR-1, DNC-1, W-2, BCR-1 et BHVO-1 et dans la Clauconite G L - 0 de 1' Association Nationale de la Recherche

52

Technique. En plus des rdsultats nouveaux, les compilations disponibles ont dte mises jour. Les resultats obtenus dans ce travail montrent une bonne concordance avec les valeurs compiICes.

REFERENCES

(1) A. Parker (1977) Is there a need for sedimentary rock reference samples?, Geostandards Newsletter, 1: 147.

Description and analysis of eight USGS rock standards, US Geological Survey Professional Paper 840,192 pp.

(2) J.F. Flanagan (1976)

(5) E. Steinnes (1981) Reference materials for trace analysis by radioanalytical methods: U.S. Geological Survey rock standards, Pure and Applied Chemistry, 53: 903-908.

An evaluation of USGS 111, Geostandards Newsletter, 6: (6) S. Abbey (1982)

47-76.

(7) S, Abbey (1982) Studies in "standard samples" of silicate rocks and minerals 1969-1982, Geological S w e y of Canada, Paper 83-15, 114 pp.

(8) E.S. Gladney, CE. Burns and I. Roelandts (1983) 1982 compilation of elemental concentrations in eleven United States Geological Survey rock standards, Geostandards Newsletter, 7: 3-226.

(3) H. de la Roche, K. Govindaraju and G.S. Odin (1976) (9) FJ. Flanagan (1984) Preparation d'un etalon analytique de glauconite, Analusis, 4: 385-397.

Elemental concentration in eight new United States Sequential inductively coupled argon plasma Geological Survey rock standards: a review, determination of some rareearth elements in five French Geostandards Newsletter, 5: 31-64.

Three USGS mafk rock reference samples, W-2, DNC-1 and BIR-1, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1623,54 p.

(4) E.S. Gladney and W.E. Goode (1981) (10) I. Roelandts and G. Michel(l986)

geostandards, Geostandards Newsletter, 1 0 135-154.

Table A. Compiled data on rare earth elements in MAG-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Metk - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc. Meth. Ref. Conc. Meth. Ref. Conc. Meth. Ref.

La Ce ... Nd ... *35 38 39 39.3 41 41 41 41.8 41.8 42.9 43 45.78 46 46 46 48 48 49.7

ce *64

NAA XRF NAA ssm NAA AAS NAA NAA ICP NAA ICP NAA AAS OES AAS AAS AAS OES

NAA

81HOE 01 81ROB 01 8 2 Z E 01 80MAC 01 80ROS 01 81SEN 01 81STU 01 81POT 01 85JAR 01 79vAN 01 81 CHU 01 83BAK 01 82SEN 01 82SEN 02 85SEN 01 82SEN 01 82SEN 02 76WAL 01

82ZIL 01

70 72 80 84 85.2 86.5 87.6 88.9 89.6 90 90 90 91.5 95 95.3 98 99

104

Nd

26.7

XRF NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA OES AAS Ss.Is NAA NAA CAN OES OES

81ROB 01 80ROS 01 81CHU 01 79vAN 01 83BAK 01 81HOE 01 81 POT 01 85JAR 01 77BAE 01 81 GLA 02 82SEN 02 85SEN 01 80MAC 01 77ROW 01 76KAT 01 80MAZ 01 82ABB 01 76WAL 01

OES 76WAL 01

29 30 30 32 34 34 36.1 38 39 39.1 40.7 41 41 42 42 42 42.6 43 46 46.6

NAA AAS OES NAA ICP AAS ICP AAS NAA NAA NAA XRF AAS OES AAS NAA SSMS NAA NAA NAA

80ROS 01 81 SEN 01 81 SEN 01 82ZtL 01 81CHU 01 84sEN 01 85JAR 01 82SEN 01 81HOE 01 81POT 01 77BAE 01 81ROB 01 85SEN 01 82SEN 02 84sEN 01 85AND 01 80MAC 01 79GOR 01 79vAN 01 77ROW 01

53

Table A (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in MAG-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Sm

*5.5 6.3 6.4 6.49 6.64 6.9 7.1 7.1 7.22 7.29 7.6 7.8 7.96 8 8.2 8.21 8.21 8.25 8.3 8.45

Eu

1.3 1.35 1.36 1.39 1.43 1.455 1.47 1.49 1.5 1.5 1.5

NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP SSMS OES AAS NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA

OES NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA SSMS NAA NAA AAS ICP

80TOU 01 81HOE 01 85GLA 01 79GOR 01 85JAR 01 82ZIL 01 81STU 01 86KER 01 81 POT 01 83BAK 01 85AND 01 81CHU 01 80MAC 01 82ABB 01 85SEN 01 77BAE 01 77ROW 01 80ROS 01 82SEN 02 79vAN 01

76WAL 01 79vAN 01 81HOE 01 81 GLA 02 81POT 01 83BAK 01 80MAC 01 80ROS 01 82ZIL 01 84SEN 01 85JAR 01

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Eu ...

1.6 AAS 84SEN 01 1.64 NAA 76KAT 01 1.7 ICP 81CHU 01 1.71 NAA 77ROW 01 1.73 NAA 77BAE 01 1.8 AAS 82SEN 02 1.8 AAS 85SEN 01

Gd

4.6 4.6 4.75 5.45 5.55 5.6 5.6 6 6.1 6.4 7 7.6 9 9

OES NAA NAA ICP S W NAA NAA AAS ICP NAA AAS NAA NAA NAA

76 WAL 01 85GLA 01 79GOR 01 85JAR 01 80MAC 01 85GLA 01 86 KER 01 85SEN 01 81 CHU 01 85AND 01 82SEN 02 80ROS 01 77BAE 01 77ROW 01

DY

4.29 ICP 85JAR 01 4.9 NAA 81 GLA 02 5 AAS 82SEN 02 5 AAS 84SEN 01 5.02 SSMS 80MAC 01 5.3 AAS 85SEN 01

Conc.

Dy ... 5.4 5.6

Yb

2.1 2.13 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.519 2.57 2.65 2.68 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.78 2.95 2.97 3.2 3.34

*3.7

Lu

0.32 0.34 0.38 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.45

*0.6

Meth.

NAA AAS

NAA ICP ICP NAA NAA AAS NAA NAA NAA OES OES AAS AAS NAA SSMS NAA OES NAA OES

ICP NAA NAA AAS NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS

Ref.

80ROS 01 84SEN 01

82ZIL 01 85JAR 01 81CHU 01 80ROS 01 80TOU 01 82SEN 02 83BAK 01 81 POT 01 81HOE 01 76WAL 01 82SEN 02 84 SEN 01 85 SEN 01 77BAE 01 8OMAC 01 77ROW 01 76MAN 01 79vAN 01 82ABB 01

85JAR 01 82ZIL 01 81STU 01 85SEN 01 79vAN 01 81HOE 01 81POT 01 83BAK 01 81SEN 01

Personal notes:

54

Table B. Compiled data on rare earth elements in SCo-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text: Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc.

La

28 28.4 29 29 29 29.2 29.6 29.7 30 30 30 30.3 31 31 34.1 34.2

*38 *50 *50

ce *46 *46 54.4 55 56 59 60 60.1 61 62.1 63.4 64.8 65 66 67 67 69 69 71 72

*loo

Nd

21 21

Meth. Ref.

ICP NAA NAA AAS OES NAA ICP SSMS NAA AAS AAS NAA NAA AAS NAA OES XRF OES OES

NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF ICP NAA NAA NAA ssm NAA ICP OES NAA CAN AAS AAS OES OES OES

81CHU 01 79vAN 01 80ROS 01 82SEN 01 82SEN 02 74KOS 01 85JAR 01 80MAC 01 81STU 01 82SEN 02 82SEN 01 81 POT 01 82 ZIL 01 85SEN 01 82FRO 01 76WAL 01 81ROB 01 76SCH 01 82ABB 01

80ROS 01 82 ZIL 01 74KOS 01 82FRO 01 79vAN 01 81ROB 01 85JAR 01 81 POT 01 81 GLA 02 76KAT 01 80MAC 01 77 BAE 01 81CHU 01 82SEN 02 77ROW 01 80h4AZ 01 84SEN 02 85SEN 01 76 WAL 01 82ABB 01 76SCH 01

AAS 81SEN 01 OES 81 SEN 01

Conc.

Nd ...

23.8 24 24 24 24.7 25 26.9 27.3 27.4 27.6 27.9 28 28 28 29 32 35

*37

Sm

4.71 4.78 4.9 5 5 5.07 5.1 5.1 5.13 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.59 5.59 5.8 6 6.1

Eu

1.02 1.02 1.03 1.1

Meth. Ref.

OES NAA NAA AAS ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA SSMS AAS AAS AAS NAA XRF NAA NAA

ICP NAA NAA OES NAA SSMS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA

76WAL 01 79vAN 01 82ZIL 01 84SEN 01 85JAR 01 80ROS 01 77ROW 01 74KOS 01 77BAE 01 81 POT 01 80MAC 01 82SEN 02 84SEN 01 85SEN 01 79GOR 01 81ROB 01 82FRO 01 85AND 01

85JAR 01 79GOR 01 85GLA 01 82ABB 01 85GLA 01 80MAC 01 81STU 01 86KER 01 74KOS 01 82 ZIL 01 81POT 01 85AND 01 82SEN 02 77BAE 01 77ROW 01 80ROS 01 85SEN 01 82FRO 01

NAA 74KOS 01 NAA 81GLA 02 SSMS 80MAC 01 ICP 81CHU 01

1.1 NAA 79VAN 01

Conc.

Eu ... 1.13 1.16 1.16 1.17 1.2 1.2 1.24 1.24 1.29 1.3 1.4 1.42

Gd

3.92 3.97 4 4 4.2 4.2 4.7 4.7 5 5.1 5.1 6.2 6.2 6.6

DY

3.27 3.5 3.79 3.9 4.21 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.6 5

*5.7

Yb

*1.s 1.88

Meth.

NAA NAA ICP NAA AAS AAS NAA NAA NAA AAS AAS NAA

NAA ICP SSMS ICP NAA NAA AAS NAA AAS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA

ICP NAA SSMS NAA NAA AAS NAA AAS AAS AAS NAA

NAA ICP

Ref.

82 ZIL 01 81 POT 01 85JAR 01 80ROS 01 82SEN 02 84SEN 01 76KAT 01 77ROW 01 82FRO 01 84SEN 01 85SEN 01 77BAE 01

79GOR 01 85JAR 01 80MAC 01 81 CHU 01 74KOS 01 80ROS 01 82SEN 02 86KER 01 85SEN 01 85AND 01 85GLA 01 77BAE 01 77ROW 01 85 GLA 01

85JAR 01 78CHA 01 80MAC 01 81 GLA 02 74KOS 01 82SEN 02 82FRO 01 84sEN 01 85SEN 01 84SEN 01 80ROS 01

82ZIL 01 85JAR 01

55

Table B (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in SCo-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


Yb ...

2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.21 2.25 2.3 2.3 1

NAA NAA ICP AAS OES ssm AAS NAA

82FRO 01 SOFRO 01 81 CHU 01 84SEN 01 76*WAL 01 8OMAC 01 82SEN 02 79vAN 01

Yb ...

2.33 2.4 2.43 2.5 2.7 2.77 2.86 3 3.1

NAA AAS NAA OES AAS NAA NAA OES OES

74KOS 01 84SEN 01 81 POT 01 82SEN 02 85SEN 01 77ROW 01 77BAE 01 76SCH 01 82ABB 01

Lu

*0.21 0.29 0.3 0.32 0.34 0.35 0.37 0.37 0.37

*0.50

NAA ICP AAS AAS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS

82 ZIL 85 JAR 85 SEN 82 SEN 81 STU 81 POT 74 KOS 79 VAN 82 FRO 81 SEN

01 01 01 02 01 01 01 01 01 01

Table C. Compiled data on rare earth elements in SDC-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Me& - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc.

La

39 39 41 41 41.8 42 42.2 45 45 45 46 46 46 50

*54.7 150

Ce

* 64 79 84 85 88 92

Meth. Ref.

AAS NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA AAS AAS AAS NAA AAS OES XRF OES OES

81 SEN 01 82 ZIL 01 80 ROS 01 81 CHU 01 81 POT 01 81 STU 01 79 VAN 01 82 SEN 01 82 SEN 02 85 SEN 01 81 HOE 01 82 SEN 01 82 SEN 02 81 ROB 01 76 WAL 01 76 FLA 01

NAA 82 ZIL 01 NAA 80ROS 01 XRF 81 ROB 01 AAS 85 SEN 01 ICP 81 CHU 01 NAA 79 VAN 01

Conc.

Ce ...

92 92.4 94.7 95 95 97

102 103 103 106

*124 *200

Nd

33.8 35 35 35 37 37 38 38 39 42

Meth. Ref.

OES NAA XRF NAA CAN NAA OES NAA N U NAA OES OES

OES NAA ICP AAS OES NAA NAA AAS AAS NAA

82SEN 02 81 POT 01 83 AND 01 77 BAE 01 80 MAZ 01 81 GLA 02 82 ABB 01 77 ROW 01 81 HOE 01 76 KAT 01 76 WAL 01 76 FLA 01

76 WAL 01 79 VAN 01 81 CHU 01 81 SEN 01 81 SEN 01 85 AND 01 80 ROS 01 82 SEN 02 85 SEN 01 79GOR 01

Conc.

Nd ...

42 43.1 44 45.4 46.9 48

*51 *loo

Sm

5.18 6.7 7.37 7.4 7.5 7.5 7.9 8 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.7 8.7

Meth.

OES NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF OES

OES ICP NAA NAA AAS NAA NAA OES AAS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA

Ref.

82 SEN 02 81 POT 01 82 ZIL 01 77 ROW 01 77 BAE 01 81 HOE 01 81 ROB 01 76 FLA 01

76 WAL 01 81 CHU 01 79GOR 01 82 ZIL 01 82 SEN 02 85 GLA 01 85 GLA 01 82 ABB 01 85 SEN 01 86KER 01 81 POT 01 81 STU 01 81 HOE 01 85 AND 01

56

Table C (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in SDC-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analwcal method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


Sm ... Gd ... Yb ... 8.9 9 9 9.03

Eu

1.6 1.61 1.64 1.66 1.68 1.68 1.7

NAA NAA NAA NAA

NAA NAA NAA NAA OES NAA A A S

1.76 NAA 1.8 ICP 1.86 NAA 1.86 NAA 2 AAS

80ROS 01 77 BAE 01 77 ROW 01 79 VAN 01

82 ZIL 01 81 GLA 02 81 POT 01 79 VAN 01 76 WAL 01 80 ROS 01 82 SEN 02 81 HOE 01 81 CHU 01 76 KAT 01 77 ROW 01 85 SEN 01

6.9 7 7 7 7.4 7.4 7.5 8.2 9.9 9.9

DY

6 7.3 7.5 7.8

NAA AAS NAA AAS NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA

86KER 01 82 SEN 02 85 GLA 01 85 SEN 01 80 ROS 01 81 CHU 01 85 AND 01 85 GLA 01 77 BAE 01 77 ROW 01

NAA 81 GLA 02 AAS 82SEN 02 AAS 85 SEN 01 NAA 80ROS 01

3.2 4 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.8 4.9 5.13 5.34 5.59

*7

NAA AAS NAA OES AAS NAA NAA OES OES NAA NAA 0f23

Lu

0.39 NAA

79 VAN 01 82 SEN 02 8OROS 01 82SEN 02 85 SEN 01 81 POT 01 81 HOE 01 82ABB 01 76 WAL 01 77 ROW 01 77 BAE 01 76 FLA 01

82 ZIL 01 '2.10 NAA 77 BAE 01 0.49 NAA 79 VAN 01

0.5 AAS 81 SEN 01 Gd Yb 0.5 AAS 82 SEN 02

0.5 AAS 85 SEN 01 '1.69 NAA 79GOR 01 3 NAA 82 ZIL 01 0.69 NAA 81 POT 01 5 OES 76 WAL01 3.2 ICP 81CHU 01 0.69 NAA 81 STU 01

Table D. Compiled data on rare earth elements in GL-0 Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

(* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm;

Conc.

La

'5 19.5 19.7 20 27

Ce

18 22 52.6 59

Meth. Ref.

MS 76 KAP 01 ICP 85 JAR 01 NAA 79 VAN 01 NAA 79BOR 01 NAA 76 BRA 01

NAA 76 BRA 01 NAA 76BOR 01 ICP 85 JAR 01 NAA 79 VAN 01

Conc.

Nd

15 25 27 32

Sm

4 5 5.42 5.5 6.1

Meth.

MS NAA ICP NAA

MS NAA ICP NAA NAA

Ref.

76 KAP 01 79 VAN 01 85 JAR 01 79BOR 01

76 KAP 01 86KER 01 85 JAR 01 86KER 01 76BRA 01

Conc.

Sm ...

6.1 6.4

Eu

*0.4 1.27 1.28 1.28 1.6

Meth.

NAA NAA

MS ICP NAA NAA NAA

Ref.

79BOR 01 79 VAN 01

76 KAP 01 85 JAR 01 79BOR 01 79 VAN 01 76 BRA 01

57

Table D (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in GL-O (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref, - Reference, see Table J)


Gd

4.36 ICP 85 JAR 01 4.6 NAA 86KER 01 Yb Lu

DY 0.64 ICP 85 JAR 01 0.07 MS 76 U P 01 0.65 NAA 79 VAN 01 0.08 ICP 85 JAR 01

0.7 MS 76 KAP 01 0.73 NAA 79BOR 01 0.12 NAA 79BOR 01 2.71 ICP 85 JAR 01 1 NAA 76 BRA 01 0.2 NAA 76 BRA 01

Table E. Compiled data on rare earth elements in BIR-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


La Ce ... Sm ... 0.51 0.518 0.55 0.612 0.67 0.74 0.74 0.75 0.8 0.8 1 1 1 1

*1.7 * 3.40 *3.5 *4 *6 *6.0

Ce

1.2 1.2 1.26 1.9 1.9 1.96

ICP NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF XRF XRF OES AAS DCP

NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP ID

86CRO 01 84 SCH 01 84 JOC 01 84SCH 01 84 VOL 01 79 VAN 01 84 MUR 01 84 FOL 01 81 HEN 01 85 WAN 01 84SCH 02 79 FLA 01 81 POT 01 84 POT 01 84 HEN 01 84 HAR 01 84 RIC 01 81 SEN 02 82SEN 01 84DREi 01

84SCH 01 84 SCH 01 81 HEN 01 84 KAT 01 86CRO 01 84 JOC 01

2.08 2.1 2.42 3 3.6 4

* 5 *5.41

*13

Nd

1.83 2 2 2.21 2.3 2.32 2.32 2.4 2.6 3.5 4.2 4.4

Sm

0.94 0.95 0.957

NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA CAN NAA NAA

NAA XRF ID ID NAA NAA NAA ICP ID XRF AAS AAS

ID NAA NAA

84 POT 01 81 POT 01 85 WAN 01 79 FLA 01 84 HEN 01 84SCH 02 80 MAZ 01 84 HAN 01 81 GLA 02

81 HEN 01 84 DIE 01 84 JOC 01 84 JOC 01 81 POT 01 84 POT 01 85 WAN 01 86CRO 01 84 FOL 01 84 HAR 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02

84 JOC 01 84 BOR 01 84 HAN 01

0.99 0.99 1 1 1.06 1.06 1.08 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.11 1.11 1.13 1.15 1.19 1.2 1.2 1.24 1.25

*2.02

Eu

0.498 0.5 0.502 0.51 0.52 0.522

NAA NAA AAS AAS ID NAA NAA NAA NAA ID ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA

NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA

79GOR 01 79 VAN 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 84 JOC 01 84 SCH 01 84 POT 01 79 FLA 01 81 POT 01 84 FOL 01 86CRO 01 84 MUR 01 85 GLA 01 84SCH 02 85 GLA 01 81 HEN 01 84 SCH 01 85AND 01 85 WAN 01 84 FOL 01 84 VOL 01

84 SCH 01 79 FLA 01 84SCH 02 84FOL 01 81 GLA 02 85 WAN 01

58

Table E (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in BIR-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analyttcal method coded in b e e letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Eu ... 0.529 0.53 0.54 0.545 0.55 0.56 0.564 0.57 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.61 0.62

*0.68 *0.83 *0.85

Gd

1.41 1.41 1.48 1.6 1.77 1.85 2 2 2 2

NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA ID NAA SSMS AAS AAS NAA ID NAA NAA NAA

NAA ID NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA

84SCH 01 86CRO 01 81 POT 01 84 POT 01 81 HEN 01 79 VAN 01 84 JOC 01 84 HAN 01 81 LUC 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 84 MUR 01 84 JOC 01 84 HAN 01 84BOR 01 84 VOL 01

79GOR 01 84 JOC 01 81 HEN 01 84SCH 02 85 WAN 01 84 JOC 01 81 POT 01 85 AND 01 85 GLA 01 85 GLA 01

Conc. Meth.

Gd ... 2.18 NAA 2.3 ICP

*3.0 ID *5 AAS

DY

2 NAA 2.19 ID 2.23 ID 2.32 NAA 2.4 ICP 2.6 AAS 3 AAS 3.5 NAA

*5.28 NAA

Yb

*1.14 ID 1.27 ID 1.4 OES 1.55 NAA 1.59 NAA 1.6 NAA 1.63 NAA 1.63 NAA 1.63 ICP 1.68 NAA 1.695 NAA

Ref.

84 POT 01 86CRO 01 84FOL 01 81 SEN 02

79 FLA 01 84JOC 01 84 JOC 01 84 HAN 01 86CRO 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 79 VAN 01 84 VOL 01

84 JOC 01 84 JOC 01 81 SEN 02 84 SCH 01 84 FOL 01 84SCH 02 84 HAN 01 84 SCH 01 8GCRO 01 81 POT 01 84 POT 01

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Yb ... 1.74 1.75 1.77 1.8 1.9 1.94 1.97 2

*2.24 *3 *3.5

Lu

0.2 0.208 0.23 0.23 0.244 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.292 0.302

*0.35 *0.65 *0.7

NAA NAA NAA AAS AAS NAA NAA NAA NAA OES ID

NAA NAA ID ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS

81 HEN 01 84BOR 01 85 WAN 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 84 MUR 01 79 VAN 01 79 FLA 01 84 VOL 01 84 RAI 01 84 FOL 01

79 FLA 01 84 HAN 01 84JOC 01 86CRO 01 85 WAN 01 81 POT 01 84SCH 02 84 FOL 01 84 POT 01 81 HEN 01 84 SCH 01 84SCH 01 84 MUR 01 84 VOL 01 81 SEN 02

Table F. Compiled data on rare earth elements in DNC-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


La

3.3 3.3 3.46 3.48 3.5 3.55 3.62 3.63

XRF NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA

84 HEN 01 84 SCH 01 84 FOL 01 86CRO 01 81 POT 01 84 HAN 01 84 POT 01 79 VAN 01

La ...

3.7 NAA 79 FLA 01 3.7 NAA 84SCH 01 3.8 NAA 84 GIL 01 3.84 NAA 84 VOL 01 3.88 NAA 85 WAN01 4 NAA 84SCH 02 4.59 NAA 84 MUR 01

La ...

4.77 NAA 84 NIM 01 *4.82 XRF 84 HAR 01 *6.3 XRF 84 RIC 01

*10 AAS 81 SEN 02 * 10 OES 82SEN 01 *10.4 DCP 84DRE 01 *12 AAS 82SEN 01

59

Table F (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in DNC-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analykal method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc, Meth. Ref. Conc. Meth. Ref. Conc. Meth. Ref.

Ce Sm ... Gd ... *2.62 7.8 8.33 8.4 8.4 8.43 8.45 8.5 8.58 8.9 9.2 9.64

10 10.6 10.92 12.3 13

*13.22 * 14.0 "15 *15 * 20

NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XFG NAA NAA NAA XRF SSMS OES AAS CAN

79 VAN 01 86CRO 01 84 POT 01 81 POT 01 84 FOL 01 84 SCH 01 84 SCH 01 84 GIL 01 84 KAT 01 84 MUR 01 84SCH 02 85 WAN 01 79 FLA 01 84 HEN 01 84 HAN 01 84 VOL 01 81 GLA 02 84 HAR 01 81 LUC 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 80 M A 2 01

1.33 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.38 1.39 1.45 1.5 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.53 1.55

*2 *2 *2.61

NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS AAS NAA

79GOR 01 84BOR 01 84 GIL 01 85 GLA 01 84 SCH 01 85 GLA 01 84 POT 01 79 FLA 01 81 POT 01 84 FOL 01 84SCH 02 85 AND 01 85 WAN 01 84 NIM 01 84 SCH 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 84 VOL 01

1.56 1.8 1.85 2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.62

*6

NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA AAS

79GOR 01 85 GLA 01 84SCH 02 85 AND 01 85 WAN 01 81 POT 01 86CRO 01 85 GLA 01 84 POT 01 81 SEN 02

DY

2 ID 2.2 NAA 2.67 ICP 2.7 NAA 3 NAA 3 AAS 3.1 AAS

*4.16 NAA

84 FOL 01 79 VAN 01 86CRO 01 84 HAN 01 79 FLA 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 84 VOL 01

Eu

0.5 0.54 0.56 0.562 0.573 0.58 0.58 0.599 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.605 0.61 0.61 0.62 0.623 0.629 0.654 0.678

*0.80 *0.92 *1.1 Gd

ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS AAS NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA SSMS

84 FOL 01 81 GLA 02 84 MUR 01 84 SCH 01 84SCH 02 84 FOL 01 84 GIL 01 84 HAN 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 79 FLA 01 84SCH 01 81 POT 01 86CRO 01 79 VAN 01 84 POT 01 84 HAN 01 85 WAN 01 84 NIM 01 84 BOR 01 84 VOL 01 81 LUC 01

Nd Yb

*1.3 *2 4.6 4.8 4.82 4.83 4.9 5 5 5.18

*5.8 *11 *12

NAA XRF ID NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA XRF AAS AAS

79GOR 01 84 DIE 01 84 FOL 01 81 POT 01 85 WAN 01 84 POT 01 86CRO 01 79 FLA 01 84SCH 02 84 GIL 01 84 HEN 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02

*1.5 *1.5 1.73 1.8 1.89 1.9 1.94 1.95 1.96 1.976 1.98 2 2.03 2.08 2.09 2.1 2.11 2.12 2.2

*2.78

OES ID NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA NAA AAS NAA

81 SEN 02 84 FOL 01 84 SCH 01 84 FOL 01 84SCH 01 84SCH 02 86CRO 01 84 BOL 01 81 POT 01 84 POT 01 84 MUR 01 79 FLA 01 84 GIL 01 85 WAN 01 79 VAN 01 81 SEN 02 84 VOL 01 84 HAN 01 81 SEN 02 84 NIM 01

Sm

*0.99 NAA 84 MUR 01 1.2 ID 84 FOL 01 1.266 NAA 84 HAN 01 1.3 ICP 86CRO 01 1.3 NAA 79 VAN 01 1.4 ID 84 FOL 01

60

Table F (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in DNC-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table I)


Lu Lu ... Lu ... 0.276 NAA 84 HAN 01 0.28 ICP 86CRO 01 0.32 NAA 84SCH 02 0.35 NAA 81 POT 01 0.3 NAA 79 FLA 01 0.33 NAA 84 GIL 01 0.41 NAA 79 VAN 01 0.3 NAA 84 FOL 01 0.33 NAA 84 POT 01 *0.445 NAA 84 NIM 01 0.316 NAA 85 WAN01 0.332 NAA 84SCH 01 *0.68 NAA 84 VOL 01 0.32 NAA 84 MUR 01 0.339 NAA 84SCH 01 *0.7 AAS 81 SEN 02

Table G. Compiled data on rare earth elements in W-2 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


La Ce ... Nd ... 9.15 9.6 9.9

10 10.2 10.23 10.32 10.6 10.6 10.7 10.7 10.83 10.93 11 11 11.2 12 12.5

*13.6 *15 *16 *16 * 18.2

NAA XRF NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA SSMS XRF NAA OES AAS OES DB

84 BOR 01 84 HEN 01 84 HAN 01 84SCH 01 86CRO 01 79 VAN 01 84 MUR 01 81 POT 01 84 VOL 84 FOL 84 RIC 84 GIL 84 POT 79 FLA 84 SCH 84 SCH 81 LUC 84 HAR 84 NIM 81 SEN 82 SEN 82 SEN 84 DRE

01 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 01 01 01 02 01 01 01

22.2 22.7 23.3 23.3 23.42 23.5 23.5 23.54 23.6 24.1 24.2 24.4 25 26 26

* 29 * 30 *30.77

Nd

9 9

ICP XRF NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA OES AAS NAA CAN XRF

NAA XRF

86CRO 01 14.3 NAA 84 POT 01 84 HEN 01 15 NAA 85AND 01 84SCH 01 * 23 NAA 79VAN 01 84SCH 02 * 23 AAS 81 SEN 02 84 GIL 01 * 24 AAS 81 SEN 02 84 POT 01 84SCH 01 84 HAN 01 Sm 81 POT 84 FOL 84 KAT 79 VAN 79 FLA 81 SEN 84 SEN 81 GLA 80 h4Az 84 HAR

79 GOR 84 DIE

01 01 01 01 01 02 02 02 01 01

01 01

*2.2 *2.59 *2.87 3 3 3 3.03 3.1 3.1 3.13 3.2 3.2 3.23 3.29 3.29

ID NAA NAA AAS AAS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA

84 FOL 84 VOL 84 HAN 81 SEN 81 SEN 79 FLA 79 GOR 85 GLA 79 VAN 84 MUR 85 GLA 86 CRO 84 GIL 84 BOR 84 SCH

01 01 01 02 02 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01

10.5 ID 84 FOL 01 3.37 NAA 84 hrIM 01 Ce 12.4 XRF 84 HEN 01 3.43 NAA 81 POT 01

12.8 ICP 86CRO 01 3.45 NAA 84 POT 01 *17.16 NAA 84 VOL 01 13 NAA 79 FLA 01 3.45 NAA 84SCH 02 20 XRF 84 DIE 01 13.3 NAA 84SCH 02 3.46 NAA 84AND 01 21.2 NAA 84MUR 01 13.47 NAA 84 GIL 01 3.55 NAA 84FOL 01 22 SSMS 81 LUC 01 13.5 NAA 81 POT 01 3.71 NAA 84SCH 01

61

Table G (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in W-2 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


Eu Gd ... Yb ... *0.85 0.93 1 1.04 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.08 1.09 1.1 1.11 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.18 1.2 1.24 1.3

*1.35 *1.60

Gd

2.91 3.3 3.4 3.9 3.9

ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA SSMS NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA AAS NAA NAA

NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP

84 FOL 01 84 MUR 01 79 FLA 01 84SCH 02 81 GLA 02 84 FOL 01 84 GIL 01 84 HAN 01 84SCH 01 81 LUC 01 84 HAN 01 86CRO 01 81 POT 01 79 VAN 01 84 POT 01 84 SCH 01 81 SEN 02 84 BOR 01 81 SEN 02 84 NIM 01 84 VOL 01

79GOR 01 85 GLA 01 84SCH 02 85 AND 01 86CRO 01

3.95 4.1 4.38

*12

DY

3.2 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.82 3.84 4

*6.66

Yb

*1.7 1.9 2 2 2.04 2.05 2.07 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.1

NAA NAA NAA AAS

NAA NAA AAS AAS ICP NAA NAA NAA

OES NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS

81 POT 01 85 GLA 01 84 POT 01 81 SEN 02

84 FOL 01 79 VAN 01 81 SEN 02 81 SEN 02 86CRO 01 84 HAN 01 79 FLA 01 84 VOL 01

81 SEN 02 84 FOL 01 79 FLA 01 84 VOL 01 86CRO 01 84SCH 02 81 POT 01 84 BOR 01 84 SCH 01 84 POT 01 81 SEN 02

2.1 2.12 2.14 2.18 2.2 2.21

*2.55 *2.8 *3.2

Lu

*O. 18 0.282 0.3 0.31 0.32 0.333 0.34 0.34 0.34 0.342 0.37 0.372

*0.52 *0.63 *0.8

NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA NAA ID OES

'ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS

84 GIL 01 84SCH 01 84 HAN 01 79 VAN 01 81 SEN 02 84 MUR 01 84 NIM 01 84 FOL 01 84 RAI 01

86CRO 01 84 HAN 01 79 FLA 01 84 FOL 01 84 POT 01 84SCH 02 81 POT 01 84 GIL 01 84 MUR 01 84 SCH 01 84 NIM 01 84SCH 01 79 VAN 01 84 VOL 01 81 SEN 02

Table H. Compiled data on rare earth elements in BCR-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


La La ... La ... 22 22.1 23 23 23 23 23.6 23.8

NAA ICP NAA XRF NAA NAA ICP ID

85 PIN 01 86TOY 01 80 W E 01 84 JOH 01 84 TOP 01 85 WEE 01 85 JAR 01 81 ELD 01

23.81 24 24 24.2 24.2 24.3 24.5 24.8

NAA NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA

82 DAV 01 75KLE 01 82 MEL 01 81 POT 01 82 FUJ 01 77 cou 01 82 COI 01 81 GEB 01

24.8 24.8 24.82 24.9 24.9 24.9 25 25

NAA ICP ID NAA NAA ID NAA NAA

83 DIE 01 86CRO 01 86 ARN 01 84GRO 01 85 LEB 01 84 WHI 01 82 MEL 01 86GAR 01

62

Table H (Cont’d.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in BCR-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc.

La ...

25 25 25 25 25.08 25.1 25.1 25.2 25.23 25.3 25.36 25.4 25.47 25.49 25.5 25.5 25.5 25.6 25.8 25.8 25.8 25.9 25.92 26 26 26 26 26 26 26.1 26.3 26.3 26.5 26.6 26.6 26.6 26.8 26.8 27 27 27 27 27.3 27.4 28.5

* 30 * 34

Meth. Ref.

NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA DCP ID ID XRF ID NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP ICP NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA XRF ICP NAA

83 TJI 01 83 WYT 01 84 KAL 01 84 LIN 01 82 DAV 01 84ROD 02 85 FEI 01 86 SIV 01 82 THI 01 83 CRI 01 82 THI 01 85 LEB 01 86 EKA 01 85 RAU 01 81 HIC 01 85 FIL 01 86 LAU 01 82 LAU 01 82 RAM 01 86 WAN 01 84COR 01 84 BAR 01 83 GOV 01 81KUZ 01 81 WAL 01 84EBY 01 85ODD 01 82 RAM 01 86 LAU 02 85 WEE 01 83 CAS 01 85 WAN 01 81 HEN 01 82CRO 01 83 ILA 01 85 STI 01 85 LIE 01 86BUC 01 83 MIT 01 85 MOR 01 86GEN 01 86 GRA 01 82KRA 01 86KLU 01 85 LIE 01 83CRO 01 86 MIL 01

Conc. Meth. Ref.

La ... *41.818 SSMS 83 MAT 01 *48

ce 46 47 47 47.2 47.4 47.5 47.7 48 48.9 49 49.3 49.9 50 50 50 50.5 50.6 50.7 50.9 51 51.1 51.2 51.5 51.6 5 1.65 51.74 52 52.2 52.4 52.5 52.7 53 53 53 53.2 53.2 53.26 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.3 53.3

ICP 83 BOL 01

NAA NAA XRF NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA NAA NAA ICP ID ICP NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP ID NAA XRF NAA NAA NAA

83 ILA 01 84 TOP 01 86 COM 01 83 WOL 01 85 LEB 01 86 MIL 01 83 TJI 01 86 GAR 01 77COU 01 84 JOH 01 85 LEB 01 85 STI 01 83CRO 01 83 MIT 01 86 GAR 01 86 TOY 01 75KLE 01 82KRA 01 85 WAN 01 82 MEL 01 84 KAL 01 83 WOL 01 83 WOL 01 85 LIE 01 82 DAV 01 84COR 01 82 MEL 01 86CRO 01 83 ALI 01 85 JAR 01 84 LIN 01 81 HIC 01 86BUC 01 86KUL 01 81 POT 01 81 WAL 01 85 RAU 01 81GEB 01 83 CRI 01 83 DIE 01 85 FIL 01 86EKA 01

53.4 NAA 83 WYT 01

Conc. Meth.

Ce ...

53.4 ID 53.42 NAA 53.58 ID 53.6 SSMS 53.6 SSMS 53.6 ID 53.7 ID 53.76 ID 53.8 ICP 53.9 NAA 53.9 ID 53.9 NAA 53.9 NAA 54 NAA 54 NAA 54 NAA 54 NAA 54.02 ICP 54.04 ID 54.08 ID 54.1 NAA 54.2 ID 54.3 ID 54.3 ID 54.3 NAA 54.6 ICP 55 NAA 55 NAA 55.023 SSMS 55.7 m 56 NAA 56 NAA 56 NAA 56.2 NAA 56.4 NAA 57 NAA 57 NAA 57 ICP 58.7 SSMS 59 AAS

*65 ICP *121.0 NAA

Nd

*11 NAA *19.00 NAA

Ref.

84 WHI 01 82 DAV 01 82 THI 01 81 VAN 01 83 ADA 01 83 FUT 01 81 ELD 01 82 THI 01 82CRO 01 84EBY 01 84 STE 01 85ODD 01 85 PIN 01 86GEN 01 86 LAU 01 82 LAU 01 86 LAU 02 83 GOV 01 86 SIV 01 86 ARN 01 84ROD 02 83 FEI 01 82 FUJ 01 83 ADA 01 84GRO 01 85 LIE 01 81KUZ 01 82 RAM 01 83 MAT 01 85 FEI 01 81 HEN 01 84 BAR 01 82 COI 01 82ROG 01 82 RAM 01 80 KIE 01 85 MOR 01 86GRA 01 81 VAN 01 84 SEN 02 83 BOL 01 86 WAN 01

86 MIL 01 85 PIN 01

63

Table H (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in BCR-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc.

Nd ...

* 25 25.4 25.4 25.8 25.9 26.6 26.7 27 27 27 27 27 27.3 27.4 27.5 27.8 27.8 27.9 28 28 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.2 28.3 28.3 28.4 28.48 28.5 28.54 28.6 28.6 28.69 28.7 28.7 28.74 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.82 28.84 28.9 28.9 29 29 29

Meth. Ref.

AAS NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA ICP SSMS SSMS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ID ICP NAA ID ID ID ID ID NAA ID NAA ICP ID ID ID NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA

84 SEN 01 85 FIL 01 86 EKA 01 85 LEB 01 83 ADA 01 83 WOL 01 83 WOL 01 82 MEL 01 83CRO 01 84 BAR 01 85 MOR 01 82ROG 01 86BUC 01 81 HEN 01 85 JAR 01 81 VAN 01 83 ADA 01 82 COI 01 84GRO 01 85 WAN 01 81 GEB 01 81 HIC 01 83 DIE 01 84 LIN 01 77 cou 01 82 MEL 01 83 FEI 01 83 GOV 01 81 POT 01 84 STE 01 83 ALI 01 83 FUT 01 86 ARN 01 82 FUJ 01 84ROD 02 85MCD 01 83 WOL 01 86CRO 01 84 WHI 01 85 RAU 01 85 CHA 01 75 KLE 01 83 WYT 01 84EBY 01 84 JOH 01 86 GAR 01

29 NAA 86GAR 01

Conc. Meth.

Nd ...

29 NAA 29 DCP 29.037 ID 29.042 ID 29.08 NAA 29.1 NAA 29.1 ICP 29.2 ID 29.3 NAA 29.4 NAA 29.6 NAA 29.7 ICP 29.7 NAA 30 NAA 30 NAA 30 NAA 30 SSMS 30.3 NAA 30.9 ID 31 ICP 32.8 XRF 33.5 ICP

* 34 NAA *50.916 SSMS

Sm

*5.1 NAA *5.33 NAA *5.48 NAA *5.6 NAA *5.79 NAA *5.8 NAA *5.8 XRF 6 NAA 6 NAA 6.035 SSMS 6.04 ICP 6.1 NAA 6.18 NAA 6.3 NAA 6.3 NAA 6.3 NAA 6.33 NAA 6.39 NAA 6.4 ICP 6.4 NAA

Ref.

86KUL 01 85 FEI 01 82 THI 01 82 THI 01 84COR 01 82 KRA 01 86TOY 01 81 ELD 01 82 LAU 01 85 STI 01 83 TJI 01 82CRO 01 82 DAV 01 83 ILA 01 86 LAU 01 86 LAU 02 81 VAN 01 82 DAV 01 86 SIV 01 86 GRA 01 85 LIE 01 81 WAL 01 80 KIE 01 83 MAT 01

82 BAL 01 86 MIL 01 84 KAL 01 85MOR 01 85 WEE 01 83 TJI 01 84 JOH 01 80 KIE 01 82 MEL 01 83 MAT 01 85 JAR 01 82 MEL 01 85 WAN 01 81KUZ 01 84 TOP 01 86 GAR 01 86 WAN 01 83 ILA 01 86TOY 01 84 LIN 01

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Sm ...

6.45 ID 6.46 DCP 6.47 ID 6.5 ID 6.52 NAA 6.54 NAA 6.56 ID 6.57 ID 6.59 ID 6.59 ID 6.59 ID 6.6 NAA 6.6 NAA 6.6 NAA 6.6 NAA 6.6 ICP 6.6 ID 6.6 NAA 6.6 ID 6.61 NAA 6.61 NAA 6.61 ID 6.61 NAA 6.62 NAA 6.62 NAA 6.6205 ID 6.6208 ID 6.63 NAA 6.63 NAA 6.64 NAA 6.7 ICP 6.7 NAA 6.7 NAA 6.7 NAA 6.7 NAA 6.714 NAA 6.72 ID 6.73 SSMS 6.75 NAA 6.77 I0 6.77 NAA 6.79 SSMS 6.8 NAA 6.8 SSMS 6.8 NAA 6.81 NAA 6.84 NAA

84 STE 01 85 FEI 01 83 FEI 01 86 SIV 01 84 BAR 01 82COI 01 81 ELD 01 83 FUT 01 84 WHI 01 85 CHA 01 85MCD 01 77COU 01 84EBY 01 85 LEB 01 85ODD 01 86CRO 01 86 VON 01 82 LAU 01 86 ARN 01 82 RAM 01 85 FIL 01 85 RAU 01 86 EKA 01 83 WYT 01 85 WEE 01 82 THI 01 82 THI 01 84GRO 01 85ROD 02 84COR 01 82CRO 01 86GEN 01 81 HIC 01 86 LAU 01 86 LAU 02 82 DAV 01 83 ALI 01 71 VAN 01 81 POT 01 82 FUJ 01 82ROG 01 81 VAN 01 75KLE 01 83 ADA 01 83 DIE 01 81 HEN 01 81 GEB 01

64


Conc.

Sm ... 6.84 6.844 6.86 6.87 6.88 6.9 6.9 7 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.13 7.2 7.3

*7.8 *8.5

Eu

*1.5 *1.55 *1.63 *1.65 * 1.67 *1.67 *1.7 * 1.73 * 1.76 1.78 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.816 1.87 1.87 1.88 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.91 1.91

Meth.

NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA XFW NAA AAS ICP ICP NAA NAA ICP ICP SSMS

NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA ICP ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA XRF ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA

Ref.

83 MIT 01 82 DAV 01 82 RAM 01 83GOV 01 83 PIN 01 82KRA 01 85 LIE 01 86 KUL 01 81 HOR 01 81 WAL 01 86BUC 01 85 STI 01 86GAR 01 85 LIE 01 86 GRA 01 83 ADA 01

82 BAL 01 83 TJI 01 86 GAR 01 86 GAR 01 83 WOL 01 83 WOL 01 80 KIE 01 85 WEE 01 86 MIL 01 86 GAR 01 85 LIE 01 85 MOR 01 86BUC 01 86TOY 01 82 DAV 01 81KUZ 01 86GEN 01 86 GAR 01 81 HOR 01 82 KRA 01 84 JOH 01 85 LIE 01 82 MEL 01 84 KAL 01 85 WAN 01 86 LAU 01 82 MEL 01 85 STI 01

Conc. Meth.

Eu ...

1.92 NAA 1.93 ID 1.94 ID 1.94 NAA 1.94 DC'P 1.94 NAA 1.94 NAA 1.95 NAA 1.95 NAA 1.95 NAA 1.95 NAA 1.95 NAA 1.95 NAA 1.95 NAA 1.95 ID 1.955 NAA 1.96 NAA 1.96 ID 1.96 NAA 1.96 ID 1.96 NAA 1.96 ICP 1.96 NAA 1.96 ID 1.97 NAA 1.97 SSMS 1.97 NAA 1.97 NAA 1.972 ID 1.974 ID 1.98 NAA 1.98 ICP 1.98 NAA 1.98 ID 1.99 ID 1.99 NAA 2 ICP 2 AAS 2 ICP 2 NAA 2 NAA 2 NAA 2 ICP 2 NAA 2 ID 2.01 NAA 2.02 NAA

Ref.

85 PIN 01 81 ELD 01 83 FUT 01 84EBY 01 85 FEI 01 85 LEB 01 85ODD 01 81GEB 01 82 LAU 01 82ROG 01 83 DIE 01 83 WYT 01 84COR 01 86 LAU 02 86 SIV 01 86EKA 01 82 RAM 01 83 ALI 01 84GRO 01 84 WHI 01 85 FIL 01 85 JAR 01 85 WEE 01 86 ARN 01 81 POT 01 81 VAN 01 84ROD 01 85 LEB 01 82 THI 01 82 THI 01 81 HEN 01 82CRO 01 82 RAM 01 85 RAU 01 82 FUJ 01 83 WOL 01 83CRO 01 84 SEN 01 83 BOL 01 83 MIT 01 84 BAR 01 84 TOP 01 86GRA 01 83 ILA 01 84 STE 01 75KLE 01 77COU 01

Conc.

Eu ... 2.02 2.02 2.03 2.03 2.05 2.05 2.06 2.09 2.13

*2.181 *2.23 *2.4 *2.5 *2.585 *7.97

Gd

*5.01 *5.72 6.17 6.23 6.3 6.3 6.32 6.38 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.45 6.5 6.53 6.57 6.591 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.61 6.61 6.63 6.64 6.67 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.72

Ref. Meth.

ICP ICP NAA ID NAA ICP NAA ICP SSMS NAA NAA NAA ID SSMS SSMS

NAA NAA SSMS ICP NAA N U DCP SSMS XRF NAA ICP ICP NAA ID ID SSMS NAA XRF NAA ID ID ID ID ID ICP NAA NAA ID ID

83 CAS 01 83 GOV 01 81 HIC 01 83 FEI 01 82 COI 01 86CRO 01 86 WAN 01 81 WAL 01 82 VAN 01 82 DAV 01 84 LIN 01 86 KUL 01 83 ADA 01 83 MAT 01 83 ADA 01

86 BER 01 85 WAN 01 81 VAN 01 85 JAR 01 82- 01 85 LEB 01 85 FEI 01 81 VAN 01 84 JOH 01 85 MOR 01 86BUC 01 83 GOV 01 81 HEN 01 83 ALI 01 83 FEI 01 83 MAT 01 82 LAU 01 85 LIE 01 85ODD 01 82 FUJ 01 83 FUT 01 81 ELD 01 84 WHI 01 84 STE 01 85 LIE 01 86 GEN 01 86 LAU 02 86 ARN 01 85 RAU 01

65

Table H (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in BCR-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Cox. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc.

Gd ... 6.8 6.8 6.8 17 6.84 6.86 6.87 6.88 6.9 7 7 7 7 7 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.6

*7.8

DY

*4.9 *5.4 5.8 5.9 5.99 6 6 6 6 6.06 6.11 6.14 6.14 6.29 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.31 6.31 6.32 6.33 6.33 6.33 6.37 6.38 6.38

Meth.

NAA NAA ID ID ID NAA NAA ICP NAA ICP ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA

NAA ICP ICP NAA ICP ICP NAA NAA SSMS ID NAA NAA Dcp ICP NAA NAA NAA ID ID NAA ID ID ID NAA ID ID ID

Ref.

75 KLE 01 83 DIE 01 82 THI 01 86 SIV 01 82 THI 01 83 WYT 01 81GEB 01 82CRO 01 81KUZ 01 81 WAL 01 86CRO 01 86 LAU 01 84COR 01 86 GAR 01 86 GAR 01 86GRA 01 86 GAR 01 86 GAR 01

80 KIE 01 86TOY 01 86BUC 01 75KLE 01 85 JAR 01 83CRO 01 85 FIL 01 86 KUL 01 81 VAN 01 84 STE 01 86 WAN 01 82 MEL 01 85 FEI 01 83GOV 01 82KFU 01 86 LAU 01 86 LAU 02 86 SIV 01 81 ELD 01 82 MEL 01 83 ALJ 01 82 FUJ 01 86 FEI 01 86 EKA 01 86 ARN 01 83 FUT 01 86JOC 01

Conc.

Dy ... 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.42 6.5 6.7 6.72

*7 *7.45 1 *9.206

*11

Yb

2.97 3 3 3.09 3.09 3.1 3.15 3.18 3.19 3.2 3.2 3.21 3.21 3.225 3.26 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.33 3.33 3.34 3.34 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36

Meth.

ICP ID ICP SSMS ID ID XRF ICP ICP AAS NAA SSMS ICP

NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS XRF ICP NAA NAA ID SSMS N U ID NAA ID ID NAA NAA NAA ID

Ref.

81 WAL 01 82 THI 01 86CRO 01 81 VAN 01 85 RAU 01 84 WHI 01 85 LIE 01 86 GRA 01 82CRO 01 84 SEN 01 82 DAV 01 83 MAT 01 83 BOL 01

84 KAL 01 82 MEL 01 85 LIE 01 75 KLE 01 83 WOL 01 86TOY 01 80 KIE 01 84COR 01 85 JAR 01 82 MEL 01 83 TJI 01 83 GOV 01 83 WOL 01 85 STI 01 85 LEB 01 81KUZ 01 84 SEN 01 85 LIE 01 86BUC 01 86GAR 01 85 WAN 01 83 ALI 01 81 VAN 01 81 HIC 01 83 FEI 01 84 LIN 01 81 ELD 01 86 SIV 01 81 POT 01 84EBY 01 85ODD 01 85 RAU 01

Conc.

Yb ... 3.36 3.37 3.37 3.378 3.38 3.382 3.39 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.41 3.42 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.46 3.49 3.49 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.51 3.51 3.51 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.63 3.63 3.7 3.7 3.722 3.91

*3.98 *4 *4.305 *4.5 *6

Meth.

ID NAA ID ID NAA ID ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA SSMS DCP ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA XRF NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA ICP SSMS AAS ICP

Ref.

86 ARN 01 84GRO 01 84 WHI 01 82 THI 01 81 HEN 01 82 THI 01 82 FUJ 01 84 BAR 01 85 MOR 01 86 KUL 01 81GEB 01 82 LAU 01 83 DIE 01 86CRO 01 86 LAU 01 86 LAU 02 83 WYT 01 83 FUT 01 7 7 c o u 01 82KR4 01 82ROG 01 84ROD 02 81 VAN 01 85 FEI 01 81 WAL 01 85 FIL 01 85 PIN 01 86EKA 01 82COI 01 82 RAM 01 84 STE 01 83 ILA 01 83 MIT 01 84 JOH 01 86GAR 01 86 GAR 01 86GRA 01 82 RAM 01 83 WOL 01 86 GAR 01 82CRO 01 82 DAV 01 86GEN 01 82 DAV 01 83CRO 01 83 MAT 01 81 HOR 01 83;BOL 01

66



Lu Lu ... Lu ... *0.4 ICP *0.41 NAA *0.42 NAA * 0.45 'ICP 0.464 NAA 0.469 NAA 0.48 NAA 0.485 NAA 0.488 ID 0.49 NAA 0.49 ICP 0.497 ID 0.5 NAA 0.5 NAA 0.5 ICP 0.5 NAA 0.5 ID 0.503 NAA 0.507 NAA 0.509 NAA

86 GRA 01 80 KIE 01 84 KAL 01 86TOY 01 85 STI 01 83 WOL 01 81 HIC 01 83 TJI 01 85 RAU 01 81 HEN 01 86CRO 01 84 WHI 01 82KRA 01 82 MEL 01 83GOV 01 85 MOR 01 86 ARN 01 85 WAN 01 86EKA 01 84GRO 01

0.51 0.5 1 0.51 0.5 1 0.51 0.5 11 0.513 0.515 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.524 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53

NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA

82 RAM 01 85 FIL 01 85 JAR 01 85 PIN 01 86 GAR 01 82 FUJ 01 83 WOL 01 83 WOL 01 82 LAU 01 84 BAR 01 86 LAU 01 86 LAU 02 82CRO 01 81 POT 01 82 COI 01 82 MEL 01 82 RAM 01 83 DIE 01 83 MIT 01

0.53 NAA 0.533 NAA 0.533 NAA 0.54 NAA 0.55 NAA 0.55 ICP 0.55 NAA 0.55 NAA 0.55 ICP 0.56 NAA 0.57 NAA 0.57 NAA 0.5724 NAA 0.58 NAA 0.58 NAA

*0.60 NAA *0.634 NAA *0.686 SSMS *0.81 NAA

86 KUL 01 81GEB 01 83 WYT 01 84ROD 02 81KUZ 01 81 WAL 01 84EBY 01 850DD 01 86BUC 01 85 LEB 01 84COR 01 86GEN 01 82 DAV 01 75 KLE 01 83 ILA 01 7 7 c o u 01 82 DAV 01 83 MAT 01 86 MIL 01

Table I. Compiled data on rare earth elements in BHVO-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc. Meth. Ref. Conc. Meth. Ref. 'Conc. Meth. Ref.

La La ... La ... 14 14 14 14.1 14.2 14.4 14.7 14.7 14.8 15 15 15 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.1 15.2 15.2

NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP

81 STU 01 82CRO 02 82CRO 02 82CRO 02 85 GRI 01 79 SUN 01 80 ROS 01 86 MAD 01 81GEiR 01 81ROB 01 85BUD 01 80 LEE 01 81GER 01 83 MAH 01 84 SEI 01 86 MAD 01 81GER 01 86CRO 01

15.4 15.5 15.5 15.55 15.6 15.7 15.7 15.8 16 16 16.1 16.2 16.7 16.7 16.9 17 17 17

NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA DCP ICP SSMS

NAA ICP NAA NAA

rcp

85CHE 01 81 POT 01 83 FRE 01 86 RAU 01 85 POT 01 81 GAR 01 84ROD 01 84EBY 01 82 ZIL 01 79 VAN 01 85 FEI 01 82CRO 01 77 TAY 01 85 LIE 01 85 LAJ 01 81 CHU 01 81 HOE 01 83 MIT 01

17.4 17.5 18 18 18 19 19 19

* 20 *20.2 *21 "30.1

Ce

*30.1 31 33

NAA SSMS OES AAS AAS OES OES AAS ICP XRF XRF OES

NAA NAA NAA

81 PUC 01 76 FLA 02 81 SEN 01 82SEN 01 82 SEN 02 82 SEN 01 82 SEN 02 85 SEN 01 83CRO 01 85 LIE 01 86ROS 01 76 WAL 01

86 MAD 01 82 ZIL 01 80ROS 01

67

Table I (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in BHVO-1 (* - value vot used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc.

Ce ...

33.4 33.4 34.5 35 35 36 36 36.1 36.4 36.7 37 37.3 37.5 37.6 38.1 38.2 38.2 38.4 38.8 38.9 39 39 39 39 39 39.1 39.5 39.6 39.6 39.8 41.3 41.8 42.2 43 43 43 43.2 45 46 46 46

*49 *49 *49 * 54 * 56

Meth. Ref.

SSMS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ID NAA ID NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA ICP ID NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA DB SSMS XRF NAA NAA XRF NAA CAN ICP NAA NAA OES AAS AAS OES NAA

76 FLA 02 82CRO 02 86 MAD 01 82CRO 02 82CRO 02 83 MIT 01 84EBY 01 83 FEI 01 83 FRE 01 79 SUN 01 83 MAH 01 81 PUC 01 86CRO 01 85 CHE 01 84 SEI 01 82CRO 01 85 RAU 01 81GER 01 81 GER 01 81 POT 01 81 HOE 01 83CRO 01 85BUD 01 76 KAT 01 80 LEE 01 84ROD 01 81 GER 01 85 LIE 01 85 POT 01 85 LAJ 01 85 FEI 01 77 TAY 01 85 LIE 01 79 VAN 01 81 HOE 01 81 ROB 01 77 BAE 01 80 MA2 01 81 CHU 01 77 ROW 01 85 GRI 01 85 SEN 02 84 SEN 02 85 SEN 01 82 ABB 01 81 GLA 02

Conc.

Nd

*15.0 21 22 22.1 22.7 22.9 23 23.4 23.6 23.9 24 24 24 24.2 24.7 24.75 24.8 25 25 25 25.1 25.4 25.4 25.5 25.5 25.9 26 26 26 26.6 27.8 28 28 28 28 28 28.7 28.8 29 30

*3 1 *31.8 *31.9 *44 '46

Meth. Ref.

NAA NAA NAA SSMS SSMS NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ID ID ICP OES ICP AAS NAA ICP DCP NAA NAA NAA ICP OES NAA NAA SSMS NAA AAS AAS NAA AAS NAA NAA AAS NAA NAA NAA XRF NAA XRF

79GOR 01 82CRO 02 80ROS 01 76 FLA 02 76 FLA 02 83FRE 01 85 AND Q1 79 SUN 01 85CHE 01 81 GER 01 80LEE 01 81 PUC 01 82CRO 02 84ROD 01 83 FEI 01 85 RAU 01 86CRO 01 81 SEN 01 83CRO 01 84 SEN 01 81 POT 01 82CRO 01 85 FEI 01 81 GER 01 85BUD 01 77 BAE 01 81 CHU 01 82SEN 02 85 POT 01 83 MAH 01 77 TAY 01 81 HOE 01 81 SEN 01 82SEN 02 82 ZIL 01 84 SEN 01 81GER 01 85 GRI 01 85 SEN 01 81 STU 01 84EBY 01 77 ROW 01 85 LIE 01 79 VAN 01 81 ROB 01

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Sm

*5.28 *5.31 5.5 5.51 5.6 5.7 5.79 5.8 5.94 5.98 6 6 6 6 6 6.08 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.11 6.1 1 6.11 6.16 6.16 6.16 6.2 6.22 6.24 6.3 6.3 6.31 6.34 6.35 6.37 6.39 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.65 6.67 6.68

SSMS SSMS NAA NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA DCP AAS AAS AAS ICP NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ID NAA NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA SSMS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA

76 FLA 02 76 FLA 02 85 GLA 01 79GOR 01 85 GLA 01 81 STU 01 79 SUN 01 81 HOE 01 84ROD 01 85 FEI 01 82 ABB 01 82SEN 02 85 SEN 01 85 LIE 01 83 FRE 01 86CRO 01 82 ZIL 01 83 MAH 01 85 GRI 01 86KER 01 82CRO 02 81 POT 01 83 FEI 01 85CHE 01 82CRO 02 85 RAU 01 86 MAD 01 83 MIT 01 81 GAR 01 86 MAD 01 84EBY 01 85 POT 01 81GER 01 77 TAY 01 84 SEI 01 85BUD 01 81GER 01 80 LEE 01 82CRO 01 85 AND 01 81GER 01 85 LAJ 01 8OROS 01 81 PUC 01 82CRO 02

68

Table I (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in BHVO-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Sm ...

6.78 NAA 79 VAN 01 6.84 NAA 77 BAE 01 6.84 NAA 77 ROW 01

*6.9 XRF 85 LIE 01 *13.9 ICP 81 CHU 01

Eu

*1.59 *1.64 *1.67 1.90 1.95 1.99 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.01 2.02 2.02 2.04 2.05 2.05 2.05 2.06 2.06 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.1 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.16 2.18

OES SSMS SSMS NAA ID NAA AAS ICP AAS AAS NAA NAA ICP XRF SSMS ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA m NAA ID NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP

76 WAL 01 76 FLA 02 76 FLA 02 81 GLA 02 83 FEI 01 82CRO 02 82 SEN 02 83CRO 01 84 SEN 01 85 SEN 01 82 ZIL 01 83 MIT 01 85 LIE 01 85 LIE 01 77 TAY 01 79 SUN 01 81 GAR 01 81GER 01 83 MAH 01 85CHE 01 81GER 01 80 LEE 01 81 PUC 01 85BUD 01 79 VAN 01 81 GER 01 85 FEI 01 83 FRE 01 85 RAU 01 84 EBY 01 81 POT 01 84ROD 01 82CRO 02 86 MAD 01 84 SEI 01 85 LAJ 01 81 HOE 01 81 HOE 01 82CRO 01

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Eu ..

2.18 2.18 2.2 2.2 2.24 2.3 2.34 2.36 2.5

*2.6 *2.7 *2.74

Gd

*5.18 5.7 5.74 5.8 6.01 6.04 6.06 6.2 6.24 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.66 6.8 6.9 7 7 7 7.1

*7.7 *8.60 *8.8 *9 *9.20

NAA 82CRO 02 ICP 86CRO 01 NAA 80ROS 01 AAS 81 SEN 01 NAA 85 POT 01 NAA 85 GRI 01 NAA 77ROW 01 NAA 76KAT 01 NAA 86MAD 01 ICP 81 CHU 01 AAS 84 SEN 01 NAA 77BAE 01

SSMS ICP SSMS NAA ID SSMS NAA ID ID AAS NAA NAA NAA XRF AAS DCP ICP NAA ICP ICP NAA OES NAA NAA NAA AAS NAA

76 FLA 02 85 LIE 01 77 TAY 01 86 MAD 01 79 SUN 01 76 FLA 02 86 BER 01 83 FEI 01 85 RAU 01 82SEN 02 85 AND 01 85 GLA 01 80ROS 01 85 LIE 01 85 SEN 01 85 FEI 01 86CRO 01 86KER 01 81 CHU 01 82CRO 01 85 POT 01 76 WAL 01 85 GLA 01 77 ROW 01 85 GRI 01 81 SEN 01 77 BAE 01

DY

*4 ICP 83CRO 01 4.6 SSMS 76 FLA 02

Conc. Meth. Ref.

Dy ...

4.8 4.83 4.95 5 5.02 5.12 5.14 5.2 5.2 5.22 5.25 5.3 5.3 5.35 5.4 5.5 5.59 5.7

*6

Yb

*1.54 *1.59 1.6 1.61 1.8 1.86 1.89 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.96 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.98 1.98 1.99 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.02

NAA SSMS ID AAS SSMS NAA DCP AAS NAA ID NAA

AAS ICP ID XRF NAA ICP OES AAS

SSMS SSMS NAA Dcp NAA NAA ID NAA ICP SSMS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS AAS AAS XRF NAA ID NAA

81 GLA 02 76 FLA 02 79 SUN 01 85 SEN 01 77 TAY 01 81 PUC 01 85 FEI 01 84 SEN 01 85BUD 01 83 FEI 01 80 LEE 01 82 SEN 02 86CRO 01 85 RAU 01 85 LIE 01 80 ROS 01 82CRO 01 81 SEN 01 84 SEN 01

76 FLA 02 76 FLA 02 82 ZIL 01 85 FEI 01 84EBY 01 80ROS 01 79 SUN 01 81HOE 01 85 LIE 01 77 TAY 01 81 GER 01 79 VAN 01 80 LEE 01 84ROD 01 85BUD 01 81 GAR 01 81GER 01 85 LAJ 01 84 SEN 01 81 SEN 01 82 SEN 02 85 LIE 01 86 MAD 01 85 RAU 01 81GER 01

69

Table I (Cont'd.). Compiled data on rare earth elements in BHVO-1 (* - value not used in evaluation; Conc. - concentration in ppm; Meth. - analytical method coded in three letters, see text; Ref. - Reference, see Table J)


Yb ... Yb ... Lu ...

2.02 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.08 2.09 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.12 2.13 2.13 2.19 2.2 2.2 2.31 2.4 2.4 2.42

NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA ID NAA ICP OES OES NAA NAA A A S NAA

83 FRE 01 86CRO 01 84 SEI 01 83 MAH 01 85CHE 01 82CRO 02 81 POT 01 81 CHU 01 83 MIT 01 81 PUC 01 82CRO 02 83 FEI 01 85 POT 01 82CRO 01 81 SEN 01 82 SEN 02 85 GRI 01 81 HOE 01 85 SEN 01 77 ROW 01

2.46 2.5 2.5

*2.54 *2.81 *3 *4.24 *4.7

Lu

*O. 17 0.21 0.26 0.26 0.265 0.275 0.275 0.28 0.28

NAA NAA AAS NAA OES ICP OES OES

NAA NAA NAA ICP ID NAA ID NAA NAA

77 BAE 01 81 HOE 01 8 4 S E N 01 86 MAD 01 76 FLA 02 83CRO 01 76 WAL 01 82 ABB 01

82 ZIL 01 82 ZIL 01 82CRO 02 86CRO 01 79 SUN 01 84ROD 01 85 RAU 01 80 LEE 01 81 PUC 01

0.28 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.291 0.297 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.31 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.36

*0.4 *0.40

NAA SSMS NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA ICP NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA NAA AAS AAS NAA

85BUD 01 77 TAY 01 81GER 01 81GER 01 82CRO 02 83 FRE 01 84 SEI 01 85 LAJ 01 82CRO 01 83 MAH 01 81 GER, 01 81 POT 01 83 MIT 01 85 POT 01 81 STU 01 84EBY 01 79 VAN 01 82 SEN 02 85 SEN 01 81 HOE 01

Table J. References for individual data

74 KOS 01

75 KLE 01

76 BRA 01

76 FLA 01

76 FLA 02

76 W 01

76 M T 01

76 MAN 01

S.T. KOSIEWICZ, P.J. SCHOMBERG AND L.A. HASKIN (1974) 76 ROC 01 RARE EARTH ANALYSIS OF USGS ROCKS SCO-1 AND STM-1, JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 20: 619-626.

P. KLEIN (1975) 76 SCH 01 "RADIOCHEMISCHE BESTIMMUNG DER SEE IN GEOLOGISCHEM MATERIAL". DISSERTATION, UNIVERSITAT WIEN, 1975. TAKEN FROM 80 KIE 01.

G. BRANCHE (1976) 76 WAL 01 TAlCEN FROM 76 ROC 01

F.J. FLANAGAN AND G.V.'CARROLL (1976) MICA SCHIST, SDC-1, FROM ROCK CREEK PARK, WASHING- TON, D.C., GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER, 840: 29-32. 77 BAE 01

F.J. FLANAGAN, T.L. WRIGHT, S . R . TAYLOR, C.S. ANNELL, R.C. CHRISTIAN AND J.I. DINNIN (1976) BASALT, BHVO-1,IROEI KLLAUEA CRATER, HAWAII, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER, 840:33-39.

G. KAPLAN AND M. BOUCHET (1976) TAKEN FROM 76 ROC 01

77 cou 01

A. M T Z AND L. GROSSHAN (1976) INTERCALIBRATION OF 17 STANDARD SILICATES FOR 1 4 ELEMENTS BY INSTRUMENTAL LYSIS, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANA- PROFESSIONAL PAPER, 840:

49-57; 77 Row 01

F.T . MANHEIM, J.C. HATHAWAY, F.J. FLANAGAN AND J.D. FLETCHER (1976) MARINE MUD, MAG-1, FROM THE GULF OF MAINE, GEOLO- GICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER, 840 : 25-28.

H. DE LA ROCHE, K. GOVINDARAJU AND G. ODIN (1976) PREPARATION D'ON ETALON ANALYTIQUE DE GLAUCONITE, ANALUSIS, 4: 385-397.

L.G. SCliULTZ, H.A. TOURTELOT AND F.J. FLANAGAN (1976) CODY SHALE, SCo-1, PROM NATRONA C O W , WYOMING, GEOLCGICAL SURVEY PROFESIONAL PAPER, 840: 21-23;

F.G. WALTHALL, A.F. DORRZAPF AND F.J. FLANAGAN (1976) COMPUTERIZED SPECTROGRAPHIC DATA FOR USGS STAN- DARDS, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER, 840: 99-115.

P.A. BAEDECKER, J.J. ROWE AND E. STEINNES (1977) APPLICATION OF EPITHERWU NEUTRONACTIVATION IN MULTIELEMEN'C ANALYSIS OF SILICATE laoCxS EMPLOYING BOTH COAXIAL Ce(Li) AND LOW ENERGY PHOTON DETEC- TOR SYSTEMS, JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISPRY, 40: 115-146.

C. COURTOIS AND N. JAFFREZIC-RENAULT (1977) UTILISATION DES PROPRIETES ECHANGEUSES D'IONS DU DIOXYDE D'ETAIN POUR L'ANALYSE DES LANTHANIDES DANS LES ROCHES PAR ACTIVATION NEUTRONIQUE, COMP- TES RENDUS HEBDOMADAIRES DE L'ACADEMIE DES SCIEN: CES DE PARIS, 284D: 1139-1142.

3.5. ROWE AND E. STEINNES (1977) DETERMINATION OF 22 MINOR AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN 8 NEW USGS STANDARD ROCKS BY INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVATION ANALYSIS WITH EPITHERHAL NEUTRON, JOURNAL OF RE- SEARCH OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY , 5: 397-402.

70

77 TAY 01 S.R. TAYLOR AND M.P. GORTON (1977) GEOCHEMICAL APPLICATION OF SPARK SOURCE MASS SPEC-

ACCURACY. GEOCHIMICA E T COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 41: TROGRAPHY III. ELEMENT SENSITIVITY, PRECISION AND

81 GER 01 D.C. GERLACH, W.P. LEEMAN AND H.G. AVE LALLEKANT (1981)

PETROLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF PLAGIOGRANITE I N THE CANYON MOUNTAIN O P H I O L I T E I OREGON, CONTRIBUTIONS MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 77: 82-92.

E . S . GLADNEY AND W.E. GOODE (1981) ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS I N E I G H T NEW UNITED STA- T E S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ROCK STANDARDS : A REVIEW, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 5: 31-64,

E . S . GLADNEY AND D.R. P E R R I N (1981) INSTRUMENTAL THERMAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION DETERMINA- T I O N O F 20 ELEMENTS I N NINETEEN S I L I C A T E REFERENCE MATERIALS, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 5: 113-124.

P . HENDERSON AND C.T. WILLIAMS (19811 APPLICATION O F I N T R I N S I C G e DETECTORS TO THE I N S - TRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS O F RARE EARTH ELEMENTS I N ROCKS AND MINERALS, JOURNAL O F RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 67: 445-452.

R.L. HICKEY AND F.A. FREY (1981) RARE-EARTH ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY O F MARIANA FORE- ARC VOLCANICS : DEEP S E A D R I L L I N G P R O J E C T S I T E 458 AND HOLE 4598. In: I N I T I A L REPORTS O F THE DEEP S E A D R I L L I N G PROJECT (D.M. HUSSONG AND S. UYEDA, E D I - T O R S ) , 60: 735-742.

D. HOEDE AND H.A. DAS (1981) ACCURACY AND P R E C I S I O N OF INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON AC- TIVATION ANALYSIS BASED ON GAMMA-SPECTROMETRY WITH A PLANAR I N T R I N S I C G e DETECTOR, JOURNAL OF RADIO- ANALYlICAL CHEMISTRY, 62: 171-186.

S.J . HORSKY AND W.K. FLETCHER (1981) EVALUATION OF A COMBINED ION-EXCEANGE-GRAPHITE FUR- NACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINATION OF RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS I N GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 32: 335-340.

R.A. KUZNETSOV, B.G. LUR'YE, V.Ya. MINEVICH, V.I. STYUF AND V.B. PANKRATOV (1981) ELEMENT D I S T R I B U T I O N I N LUNA 16 REGOLITH, GEOCHE- MISTRY INTERNATIONAL, 18 ( 2 ) : 1-6.

J. LUCK, W. SZACKI AND E . PLUHAR (1981) TRACE ELEMENT DETERMINATIONS I N URANIUM BEARING M I - NERALS AND ROCKS BY SPARK SOURCE MASS SPECTROMETRY, FRESENIUS Z E I T S C H R I F T FUR ANALYTISCHE CHEMIE, 309: 281-284.

P.J. POTTS, O.W. THORPE AND J.S. WATSON (1981).

1375-1380.

78 CHA 01 A. CHATTOPADHYAY AND S.A. KATZ (1978) DETERMINATION OF 22 ELEMENTS I N GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 46: 321-332.

79 BOR 01 T . J . BORNHORST AND J . P . BALAGNA (1979) INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF FRENCH GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE SAMPLES, GEOSTANDARDS NEWS- LETTER, 3: 177-180.

79 GOR 01 G.E. GORWN, W.B. WALTERS, W.H. ZOLLER, D.L. AN- DERSON AND W.P. F A I L E Y (1979) TAKEN FROM 81 GLA 01

79 FLA 01 P.J. FLANAGAN AND D. GOTTFRIED (1979) TAKEN FROM 83 GLA 01

79 GLA 01 E . S . GLADNEY AND W.E. GOODE (19791 ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS I N EIGHT NEW UNITED STA- T E S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ROCK STANDARDS : A I(EV1EWr GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 5: 31-64.

79 GOR 01 G.E. GORWN, W.B. WALTERS, W.H. ZOLLER, D.L. AN- DERSON AND M.P. FAILEY (1979) TAKEN FROM 79 GLA 01 AND 83 GLA 01

79 SUN 01 S.S. SUN, R.W. N E S B I T T AND A.YA. SHARASKIN (1979) GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HID-OCEAN RIDGE BA- SALTS, EARTH AND PLANETARY S C I E N C E LETTERS, 44: 119-138.

79 VAN 01 H.A. VAN DER SLOOT AND J . ZONDERHUIS (1979) INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF 37 GEO- CHEMICAL REFERENCE SAMPLES, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLET- TER, 3: 185-193.

80 K I E 01 W. K I E S L , F-KLUGER AND R . LINDBAWER (1980) D I E ZERSTORUNGSFREIE BESTIMMUNG DER SELTENEN ERDELEMENTE NACH DER NEUTRONENAKTIVIERUNG, MONATS- HEFTE FUR CHEMIE, 111: 681-691.

80 LEE 01 W.P. LEEMAN, J.R. BUDAHN, D.C. GERLACH, D . R . SMITH AND B.N. POWELL (1980) ORIGIN OF HAWAIIAN THOLEIITES : TRACE ELEMENT CONS- TRAINTS, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, 280 A: 794-819.

80 MAC 01 S.M. MCLINNAN AND S . R . TAYLOR (1980) GEOCIiEMICAL STANDARDS FOR SEDIMENTARY ROCKS : TRACE ELEMENT DATA FOR U.S.G.S. STANDARDS SCO-1, MAG-1 AND SGR-1, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 29: 333-343.

80 MA2 01 A. MAZZUCOTELLI AND R. VANNUCCI (1980) CANDOLUMINESCENCE EMISSION ANALYSIS OF CERIUM I N THIRTY-SIX INTERNATIONAL GEOCHEMICAL REFERXNCE SAMPLES, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 4: 149-151.

80 ROS 01 R.J. ROSENBERG AND R. ZILLIACUS (1980) INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION DETERMINATION OF 23 ELEMENTS I N 8 NEW USGS STANDARD ROCKS, GEOSTAN- DARDS NEWSLETTER, 4 : 191-198.

80 TOU 01 R.E. TOUT AND A. CllATT (1980) A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF SHORT-LIVED AND LONG-LIVED NEUTRON ACTIVATION PRODUCTS FOR TRACE ELEMENT DETER- MINATIONS, ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA, 118: 341-358.

81 BON 01 C. BONNOT-COURTOIS (1981) GEOCtIIMIE DES TERRES RARES DANS LES PRINCIPAUX M I - LIEUX DE FORMATION ET DE SEDIMENTATION DES ARGILES, P h . D . UNIVERSITY OF PARIS-SUD (ORSAY) FRANCE, S E E 77 COU 01.

81 CHU 01 S . E . CHURCH (19811 MULTI-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF FIFTY-FOUR GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE SAMPLES USING INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLET- TER, 5: 133-160.

81 ELD 01 H. ELDERFIELD, C . J . HAWKESWORTH, M.3. GREAVES AND S . E . CALVERT (1981) RARE EARTH ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY OF OCEANIC FERROMAN- GANESE NODULES AND ASSOCIATED SEDIMENTS. GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 45: 513-528.

81 GAR 01 J.R. GARRISON (1981) METABASALTS AND METAGAQBROS FROM THE LLANO U P L I F T , TEXAS: PETROLOGIC AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION

81 GLA 01

81 GLA 02

81 HEN 01

81 H I C 01

81 HOE 01

81 HOR 01

81 KUZ 01

81 LUC 01

81 POT 01 D E T E W I N A T I O N OF THE RARE-EARTH ELEMENT ABUNDANCES I N 29 INTEPNATIONAL ROCK STANDARDS BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS: A C R I T I C A L APPRAISAL OF CALIBRATION ERRORS, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 34: 331- 352.

81 PUC 01 H.PUCHELT AND U. KRAMAR (1981) NEW ANALYTICAL DATA AND HOMOGENEITY O F BWO-1, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER 5: 87-94

81 ROB 01 D. ROBINSON AND M.C. BENNETT (1981) XRF DETERMINATION O F 19 TRACE ELeMENTS I N INTERNA- T I O N A L GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE SAMPLES, GEOSTAN- DARDS NEWSLETTER, 5: 175-181.

81 SEN 01 J.G. SEN GUPTA (1981) TAKEN FROM 82 ABB 0 1

81 SEN 02 J . G . SEN GUPTA (1981) DETERMINATION O F YTTRIUM AND RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS I N ROCKS BY GRAPHITE-FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, TALANTA 28: 31-36.

81 STU 01 D.C. STUART (1981) TAKEN FROM 82 ABB 01

81 VAN 01 J. VAN PUYMBROECK AND R. G I J B E L S (1981) DETERMINATION OF RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS I N ROCKS BY SPARK SOURCE MASS SPECTROMETRY AND ISOTOPE DILU- T I O N AFTER ION-EXCHANGE SEPARATION I N MIXED SOL- VENTS, FRESENIUS X E I T S C H R I F T FUR ANALYTIGCHE CHE M I E , 309: 312-315.

81 WAL 01 J . N . WALSH, F. BUCKLEY AND J. BARKER (1981) THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF THE RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS I N ROCKS U S I N G INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLAS- MA SOURCE SPECTROMETRY, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 33: 141-153.

WITH EMPHASIS ON TECTONIC SETTING, CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 70: 459-475.

82 ABB 01 S. ABBEY (1982) AN EVALUATION O F USGS 111, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLET- T E R , 6: 47-76.

71

82 BAL 01 YU.A. BALASHOV, S.F. KARPENKO AND L.V. F I L I P P O V (1982). PARE-EARTH ELEMENTS AND SR, ND’and 0 I S O T O P E S As INDICATORS FOR THE SOURCES AND EVOLUTION O F GRA- N I M I D MAGMATISM. GEOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL, 19(O : 86-98.

82 C O I 01 R.A. COISH, R. HICKEY AND F.A. FREY (1982) RARE-EARTH ELEMENT GEOCEEMISTRY O F THE BETTS COVE OPHIOLITE, NEWF-OUNDLAND: COMPLEXITIES I N OPHIO- L I T E W R l u T I O N , GEOCW!MICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 46: 2117-2134.

82 CRO 01 J .G. CROCK AND F.E. L I C H T E (1982) DETERWINATION O F RARE EARTH ELEMENTS I N GEOLOGI- CAL m T X R I A L S BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED ARGON PLAS- MA/ATOIUC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, ANALYTICAL CHE- MISTRY , 54: 1329-1332.

82 CRO 02 I . W . CROUDACE, J . L . JORON, 8. J A P P R E E I C , G. MEYER AND n. TREUIL (1982) NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS O F SEVEN B.C.S. CERTI- F I E D R E F E W C E MATERIALS O F GEOLOGICAL INTEREST, GEOSTANDARDS NEWS-ER, 6: 233-239.

82 DAV 01 A.M. DAVIS, T . TANAKA8 L. GROSSMAN, T. LEE AND G.J . WASSERBURG (1982) CHEMICAL COKPOSITION O F HAL, AN ISOTOPICALLY-UNU- 6UAL ALLENDE INCLUSION, GEOCHZMICA E T COSIKICHIMI- CA ACTA, 46: 1627-1651.

82 FRO 01 J.K. FROST, R.F. KOSZYKOWSKI AND R.C. KLEHM(l982) EHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION O F GAS AND O I L B W I N G SHALES BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALY- SIS, JOURNAL O F RADIO-ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 71: 199-214.

82 F U J 01 H. FUJIMAKI (1982) BASALT PRODUCED BY M E C W I C A L MIXING OF ANDESITE MAGMA AND GABBROIC FRAGMENTS : HAKONE VOLCANO AND ADJACEl’T AREAS, CENTRAL JAPAN, JOURNAL O F VOLCANO- LOGY AND GEOTHLRPW. RESEARCH, 12: 111-132.

82 KRA 01 11. KRAMAR AND H. PUCHELT (1982) REPRODUCIBILITY T E S T S FOR INAA DETERMINATION WITH AGV-1,BCR-1 AND GSP-1 AND NEW DATA FOR 17 GEOCHE- MICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLET- TER, 6: 221-227.

82 LAU 01 J . C . LAUL, E.A. LEPEL, W.C. WEIMER AND U.A. WOG- MAN (1982) P R E C I S E TRACE RARE ANALYSIS BY RADIOCHEMICAL NEU- TRON ACTIVATION, JOURNAL O F RADIOANALYTICAL CHE- MISTRY, 69: 1&1-196.

82 MEL 01 S. MELONI, M. ODDONE, A. CECCHI AND G. POL1 (1982) DESTRUCTIVE NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS O F RARE EARTHS I N GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO METHODS, JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEHISTRY,

71: 429-446.

82 RAM 01 W. RAMM5NSEE AND H. PALME (1982) METAL-SILICATE EXTRACTION TECHNIQUE FOR THE ANALY- 61s OF GEOLOGICAL AND N S T E O R I T I C SAMPLES, JOURNAL O F RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 71: 401-418.

82 ROG 01 N.W. ROGERS, S . W . BACHINSKI, P . HENDERSON AND S.J. PARRY (1982) ORIGIN OF POTASH-RICH BASIC LAPIPROPHYRES: TRACE ELEMENT DATA FROM ARIZONA MINETTES, EARTH AND PLA- NETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 57: 305-312

82 SEN 01 J . G . SEN GIJPTA (1982) DETERMINATION OF S(IAND1UM AND LANTHANUM I N S I L I C A - T E ROCKS AND COAL WITH A S I W L I F I E D SEPARATION PRO- CEDURE AND ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, ANALY- T I C A CBIMICA ACTA, 138: 295-302.

82 SEN 0 2 J . G . SEN GUPTA (1982) FLAKE AND GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIC ABSORPTION AND OPTICAL-EHISSION SPECTROSCOPIC DETERMINA- TION OF YTTRIUM AND THE RARE-EARTH CONTENTS O F SIXTEEN INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE SAMPLES O F ROCKS AND COAL, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 6: 241-248.

82 T H I 01 M.F. THIRLWALL (1982) A T R I P L E FIIAMENT METHOD FOR RAPID AND P R E C I S E ANALYSIS O F RARE-FARTH ELEMENTS BY ISOTOPE D I - LUTION, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 35: 155-166.

82 Z I L 01 R . ZILLIACUS, W . K A I S T I L A AND W J . ROSENBERG

RADIOCHEMICAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS O F SMALL LANTHANOID CONCENTRATIONS, JOURNAL O F RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 71: 323-332.

(1982)

83 ADA 01 F. ADAMS (1983) RECENT PROGRESS I N MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR INOR- GANIC ANALYSIS, SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA, 38B: 1379-1393.

83 ALI 01 C. ALIBERT, A. MICHARD AND F. ALBAREDE (1983) THE TRANSITION FROM ALKALI BASALTS TO KIMBERLI- T E S : ISOTOPE AND TRACE ELEMENT EVIDENCE FROM M E L I L I T I T E S , CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 82: 176-186.

83 AND 01 L . ANDRE (1983) O R I G I N E E T EVOLUTION DES ROCHES ERUPTIVES DU

RAT, UNIVERSITE L I B R E DE BRUXELLES, 1983. M A S S I F DU BRABANT ( B e l g i q u e ) . THESE DE DOCTO-

83 BAK 01 J . H . BAKER AND P.A. DE GROOT (19831 PROTEROZOIC SEAWATER-FELSIC VOLCANICS INTERAC- T I O N W. BERGSLAGEN, SWEDEN. EVIDENCE FOR HIGH REE MOBILITY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR 1.8 GA SEA- WWER COMPOSITIONS, CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 82: 119-130.

83 BOL 01 A. BOLTON, J. HWANG AND A. VANDER VOET (1983) THE DETERMINATION O F SCANDIUM, YTTRIUM, AND SE- LECTED RARE EARTH ELEMENTS I N GEOLOGICAL MATE- R I A L S BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA, 388: 165-174.

83 CAS 01 B. CASETTA, A. GIARETTA AND G. RAMPAZZO (1983) AN APPROACH TO I C P ANALYSIS O F GEOLOGICAL SAM- P L E S , ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY, 4: 152-154.

83 C R I 01 G.M. C R I S C I , D. DONATI, A. MESSINA, S. RUSSO AND V. PERRONE (1983) L ’ W I T A SUPERIORE DELLfASPROMONTE STUDIO GEOLO- G I C O E PETROGRAFICO, RENDICONTI DELLA S O C I E T A ITALIANA D I MINERALOGIA E PETROLOGIA, 38: 989-1014.

83 CRO 01 J . G . pRocI[, W.E. RAYHOUD M D F.E. L I C H T E (1983) PUJOR, XINOR AND TRACE XLSJlENTS I N SAUPLES FROM THE WHEELER GEOLOCIC S*tIDY ARSA, COLORMOI AS D E T E W I N E D BY IWDUCXIVELY COUPLED ARKIN PLASMA- ATOMIC EMISSION SPECT-RI, OPEN FILE’REPORT, 83 -405.

83 D I E 01 V . J . DIETRICH, W. FRANK:,AND K. IfONEGGER (1983) A JURASSIC-CRE%ACEOUS ISLAND ARC I N THE LADAKH HIIULAYAS, JOURNAL O F VOGcAmlLOGY AND GEOTEER- IUL RESEARCH, 18r 405-433.

83 FEI 01 n.x, PEIGENSON, A.W. HOPM AND P.J. SPERA (1983) CASE S T U D I E S ON THE O R I G I N O F BASALT: 11. TBE TRANSITION PROM THOLEIITIC TO U I C VOLwNIsn OW KOllALA VOLCANO, B A W N I , C O N T R I B W I O N S TO MI- N E W G Y AND PETROLOGY, 844 390-405.

GEOCHEMISTRY O F DIVERBE BASALT TYPES PROW LOIHB SEAK)UNT HAWAII, PCT-IC IMPLICATIONS, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 66: 337-343

83 FRE Ot F.A. PREY AND D.A. CLAGIJE (1983)

83 PUT 01 K. FUTA AND W.E. LE M M U R I E R (1983) ND AND SR I S O T O P I C S T U D I E S ON CEWOXOIC M F I C LAVAS FRon WEST ANTARCTICA: ANOTHER SOURCE FOR COUTINENTAL ALKALI-BASALTS, CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 834 38-44.

83 W V 01 K. GOVINDARAJU (1983) TAKEN FROM 85 P I B 01

83 GLA 01 E.S. GLADNEY, C.E. BUNS AND I.RoELANDTS(1983) 1982 COMPILATION O F ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS I U ELEVEN UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL STANDARDS, GEOBTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 71 3-226.

83 I L A 01 P . I L A , P. JAGAM AND G.K. MUECKE (1983) MULTIELEMENT ANALYSIS O F URANIPERDUS ROCKS BY INAA I S P E C I A L REFEREN& TO I N T E W E W C E S DUE M uiwixun AND FISSION OF URANIUM, JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL CREMISTRY, 79: 215-232.

63 MAH 01 S. EIABLBURG,KAY, R.W. KAY, H.K. BRUECKNER AND J . L . RUBENSTONE (1983) T H O L E I I T I C ALEfi IAN ARC PLUTONISM : % FINGER BAY PLUTON, A D S , ALASKA, CONTRIBUTIONS TO MI- N E R U O G Y AND PETROLOGY, 82: 99-116.

83 MAT 0 1 E. MATTEUCI AND G. RESTIVO (1983) DETERIII-IONE D I 61 E V H B N T I I N C A W I O N 1 S I L I - C A T I C I P E R V I A SPeTTOGRAPICA D I MASSA CON SOW GENTE A S C I N T I L L A , RENDICONTI DELLA SOCIETA I T A L I A N 1 D I MINERALOGIA E PETROLOGIA, 38: 1281- 1285.

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8 3 HIT 01 D.W. MITTLEFEHLDT AND C.F. MILLER (1983) GEOCHEYISTRY OF TlIE SWBETWATER WASH PLUTON, CALIFORNIA1 IMPLICATIONS FOR "IUIOMALOUS' TRACE ELEMENT BEHAVIOR DURING DIFFERENTIATION OF FEL- S I C HAGMS, GEOCHZMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 47: 109 -124.

8 3 T J I 01 P.S. T J I O E , X.J . VOLKERS, J.J. KROON AND J.J.M. DE COEIJ (1983) DISTRIBDTION PATTERNB OF RARE-EARTH ELEE(ENTS I N BIOLOGICAL MSTEFtIALS EVALUATED BY RADIOCHEMICAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, JOURNAL OF RADIO- ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 80: 129-139.

83 *DL 0 1 R. WOLF, M. EBIIUUU, G.R. RICHTER AND E. ANDERS (1983) AUBRITES AND DIOCENITES T R A C D E U m N T CLUES TO THEIR ORIGIN, GEOCHIMICA ET COS!#OCEIMICA ACTA, 47: 2257-2270.

8 3 WYT 01 A. WYTTENBACR, 8 . BAJCI W D L. TOBLER (1963) GROUP SEPARATION OP RARE EARTH EUWZNTS BY L I - QUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION FOR THE NEUTRON ACPIVA- TION ANALYSIS OF SILICATE kOCKS, ODURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 'I81 283-294.

84 BAR 01 S.J. BARNES AND M.P. WRIylN (1984) TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS BY NEUl'RON ACl'IVATION WITH A LOW FLUX REACTOR (6LOWPOKE-II)I RESULTS FOR INTERNATIONAL RKFERENCE ROCXS, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 81 17-23.

84 BOR 01 T.J. BORNHORST AND J.P. BALANGA (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 COR 01 E. CORTES (1984) DETERMINATION OF RARE EARTH ELEIIENTS I N INTER- NATIONAL GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE MATERIALSr JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMIS- TRY, ARTICLES, 641 157-164

84 CRO 01 J .G. CROCK, F.E. LICHTE AND T.R. WILDEMAN (1984) THE GROUP SEPARATION OF THE RARJPEARTH ELEMENTS AND YTTRIUM FROM GEOLCJGIC MATERIALS BY CATION- EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 451 149-163 SEE 82 CRO 01

84 DIE 01 V. DIETRICH (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 DRE 01 P.E. DREZ (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 EBY 01 G.N. EBY (1984) MONTEREGIAN HILLS I. PETROGRAPHY, W O R AND TRACE ELEMENT GEOCHEHISTRY, AND STONTIUM ISO- TOPIC CHEMISTRY OF THE WESTERN INTRUSIONS t MOUNTS ROYAL ST-B-0, PETROLOGY, 2 5 % 421-452

AND JOHNSON, JOURNAL OF

84 FLA 01 F. FLANAGAN (1984) THREE USGS HAF'IC ROCR REFERENCE SAMPLES, W-2, DNC-1, AND BIR- I , US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1623: 54 pp.

84 FOL 01 A. POLL0 AND E. STEINNES (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 G I L . 0 1 R.C.O. GILL AND 1.w. ROGERS TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

(1984)

84 GRO 01 L.P. GROMET, R.F. DYMEK, L.A. HASKIN AND R.L. KOROTEV (1984) THE "NORTH AMERICAN SHALE COMPOSITE.: I T S COHPILA- TION, MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS, GEOCHSEICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 48: 2469-2482.

84 HAN 01 R.G.V. HANCOCK (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 HAR 01 P.K. HARVEY (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 HEN 01 G.L. HENDRY (1964) TRKEN FROM FLA 01

84 JOC 01 K.P. JOCHUM AND M. SEUFERT (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

R.G. JOHNSON AND G.A. WANDLESS..(1984) DETERHINATION OF CARRIER WIELDS FOR NEUTRON ACTIVA- TION ANALYSIS USING ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPEC- TROMETRY. JOURNAL QF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY, ARTICLES, 81: 21-28.

84 JOH 01

84 KAL 01 F. MLSBEEK AND H.F. JEPSEN (19841 THE LATE PROTEROZOIC ZIG-ZAG DAL BASALT FORMATION OF EASTERN NORTH GmENLArJD, JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY, 25: 644-664.

84 KAT 01 T. KATO AND H. YOKOBAYASHI (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 LAJ 01 J. LAJOIE AND J.IUODEN (1984) PETROLOGY OF THE ARCHEAN PONTIAC AND XEWAGAUA SE- DIMENTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE SOUTHERN A B I T I l I BELT, CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES, 21: 1305-1314.

84 LIN 01 LIN X I L E I , F. DE CORTE, L. MDENS, A. SIMONITS AND J. HOSTE (1984) COMPUTER-ASSISTED REACTOR NAA OF GEOLOGICU AND OTHER REFERENCE ELATERIALS, USING THE KO-STANDARDI- M T I O N METHOD : EVALUATION OF THE ACCURACY, JOUR- NAL OF ~ I O A N A L Y T I C A L AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY. ARTICLES, 81: 333-343.

84 LUC 01 J. LUCK AND W. S'LACXI '(1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 MUR 01 A.V. MURAL1 (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 NIM 01 NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR METALLURGY (NOW MIN%EK) SOUTH AFRICA TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 POT 01 P.J. POTTS AND 0.W. TffORPE (1984) TAKEW FPOM 84 FLA 01

84 RAI 01 N. RAIT (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 R I C 01 P. RICHTER (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 ROD 01 M.F. RODEN, F.A. FREY AND D.A. CLAGOE (1984) GEOCHEMISTRY OF THOLEIITIC AND,ALMLIC U V A S FROM THE KOOLAU RAN&, QAHU, HAWAII I IUPLICATION6 FOR HAWAIIAN VOLCANISM, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIEN- CE LETTERS, 69: 141-158.

84 ROD 02 M.F. RODEN. F.A. FREY AND D.M. FRANCIS (1984) AN EXAHPLE.OF CONSEQUENT MANTLE METASWTISH IN P E R I W T I T E INCLUSIONS FROM NLWIVM ISLAND, ALASKA, JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY 25 : 546-577.

84 SCH 01 F. SCHLEY (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 SCH 02 L.J . SCHWARZ (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 S E I 01 K.E. SEIFERT (1984) INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF SILI- CATE ROCK STANDARDS h - G , BHVO-1, OLD-1, RGM-1, AND STM-1, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLE'ITER, 8 : 35-38.

84 SEN 01 J.G. SEN GUPTA (1984) DETERMINATION OF SCANDIUM, YTTRIUM AND WWI- DES I N SILICATE ROCKS AND FOUR NEW CANADIAN IRON- FORMATION REFERENCE MTERIALS BY FLAMe ATOMIC- ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY WITH MICROSAMPLE INJEC- TION, TALANTA, 31: 1045-1051.

84 SEN 02 J .G . SEN GUPTA (1984) DETERMINATION OF CERIUM I N SILICATE ROCXS BY SLEC- TROTHERHAL ATOMIZATION I N A FURNACE LINED WITH TAY- TALUM FOIL , TALANTA, 31: 1053-1056.

84 STE 01 R.J . STERN AND L.D. BIBEE (1984) E S M E W D A BANK : GEOCHEMISTRY OF AN ACTIVE SUBHA- RINE VOLCANO I N THE MARIANA ISLAND ARC, CONTRIBU- TIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 86: 159-169.

84 TOP 01 S.E. TOPP, B. SALBU, E. ROALDSET AND P. JBRGENSEN (1984)

VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TRACE ELEMENTS I N LATERITE SOIL (SURINAME), CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 47: 159-174.

84 VOL 01 P. VOLDET (1984) TAKEN FROM 84 FLA 01

84 WHI 01 U.U. WRITE AND J. PATCHETT (1984) HF-ND-SR ISOTOPES AND INCOMPATIBLE ELEMENT ABUNDAN- CES I N ISLAND ARCS1 IMPLICATIONS FOR MAGMA ORIGINS AND CRUST-MANTLE EVOLUTION, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 671 167-185.

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85 AND 01

85 BUD 01

85 CHA 01

85 CHE 01

85 F I L 01

85 F E I 01

85 GEB 01

85 GLA 01

D.L. ANDERSON, Y. SUN, M.P. FAILEY AND W.H. ZOLLER (1985)

NEUTRON-CAPTURE PROMPT GAMM-FAY MWLTIELEMENT ANA- LYSIS OF TWENTY-TWO GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE S U N - DARDS,GEOSTANDARDS UEWSLETl'ER 9: 219-228

J.R. BUDAHU AND R.A. S U M I T T (1985) PETROGBNETIC MODELING OF HAWAIIN'J 'MOLETITIC M- SALTS : A GEOCHEMICAL APPROACE, (POCHIMICA BT COS- MOCHIMICA ACTA, 49: 67-87.

C. CHAUVEL, 8. DUPRE AND G.A. JENUER (1985) THE SM-ND AGE OF KAnaALDA MLCANICS IS 900 MATOO OLD, EARTH AND PLARETARY SCIENCE m R B , 74: 315-324.

C.Y. (311EN AND F.A. FRBY (19b5) TAKEN FROM 85 FEI 01

D.H. FILBY, 6 . NGUYM, C.A. GRIInn, G.R. B A R K m K I , V. EMWBARAM, T. TANAKA AND L. GROSSBIN3 (1985) EVALUATION OF GEOCBEMICAL STMDARD DBPMtBWCII m- RIALS ~ M I C R O A N A L Y S I S , ANALYTICAL CIIEMISTRY, 57: 551-555.

M.D. FEIGENSON AND M.J . CARR (1B85) DETERWINATION OF MAJOR, TRACE AND IURB-EARTH ELE- MENTS I N ROCKS BY DCP-AES, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 51: 19-27.

D. GEBAUER, M.A. LAPPIN, M. GRUNENFELDER AND A. WYTTENBACH (1985) THE AGE AND ORIGIN OF SOME NORWEGIAN E C m I T E S : A U-PB ZIRCON AND REE STUDY, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 52: 227-247.

E.S. GLADNEY, D.B. CURTIS AND D.R. P E m I N (1985) DETERMINATION OF SELECTED RARE EARTH ELEMENTS I N 37 INTERNATIONAL GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS BY INSTRUMENTAL THERMAL NEUTRON CAPTURE PROIBT GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER, 9: 25-30.

85 GRI 01 W.L. GRIFFIN AND H.K. BRUECKNER (1985) REE, RB-SR AND SM-ND STUDIES OF NORWEGIAN ECLOGI- TES, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 52: 249-271.

85 JAR 01 I. JARVIS AND K.E. JARVIS (1985) RARE-EARTH ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY OF STANDARD SEDI- MENTS : A STUDY USING INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA SPECTROMETRY, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 53: 335-344.

8 6 L E B 01 L.LE BEL, A, COCHERIE, J .C . BAUBRON, A.M. FOUILLAC AND C . J . HAWKESWORTH (1985) A HIGH-K MANTLE DERIV~SLI PLUTONIC SUITE FROM *LINGA" NEAR AREPUIPA (PERU), JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY, 26: 124-148.

85 L I E 01 H.Q.LIE, T.C. HUGHES, M. HAUKKA AND P.HA"AKER (1985). DETERMINATION OF THE RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS I N GEO- LOGICAL MATERIALS BY THIN FILM X-RAY FLUORESCENCE AND INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOMIC-EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, TALANTA, 32: 495-499.

85 MCD 01 W.F. MCWNOUGH, M.T. MCCULLOCH AND S.S. SUN (1985) ISOTOPIC AND GEOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS I N TERTIARY' RECENT BASALTS FROM SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF THE SUBCONTINEN- TAL LITHOSPHERE, GEOCHIMICA E T COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 49: 2051-2067.

85 MOR 01 J . W . MORGAN, G.K. CZAMANSKE AND G.A. WANDLESS (1985) ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE ALKALIC ULTRAMKFIC ROCKS I N THE COYOTE PEAK DIATREME, HUMBOhDT COUN- TY, CALIFORNIA, GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 49: 749-759

85 ODD 01 M. ODDONE, S. MELONI AND E. MELLO (1985) PROVENANCE STUDIES O F THE WHITE MARBLE OF THE CA- THEDRAL OF COMO BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AND DATA REDUCTION, JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NU- CLEAR CHEMISTRY, ARTICLES, 90: 373-381.

85 P I B 01 M . PIBOULE AND B. BRIAND (1985) GEOCHEMISTRY OF ECLOGITS AND ASSOCIATED ROCKS O F THE SOUTKEASTERN AREA OF THE FRENCH MASSIF CENTRAL: ORIGIN OF THE PROTOLITHS, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY,SO: 189-199.

85 PIN 01 M. PINTO-AUSO AND G.D. HARPER (1985) SEDIMENTATION, METALLOGENESIS, AND TECTONIC ORI- GIN OF THE BASAL GALICE FORMATION OVERLYING THE JOSEPHINE OPHIOLITE, NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA, JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY,93: 713-725.

85 POT 01 P.J. POTTS, O.W. THORPE, M.C. ISAACS AND D.W. WRIGHT (1985) HIGH PRECISION INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES EMPLOYING SIMUTA- NEOUS COUNTING WITH BOTH PLANAR AND COAXIAL DETEC- TORS, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 48: 145-155.

85 RAW01 M. RAUTENSCHLEIN, G.A. JENNER, J.HERTOOEN, A.W. HOFNRIW, R. KERRICH, H.U. SCHMINCKE AND W.R.WH1TE (1985) ISOTOPIC AND TRACE ELEMENT COMPOSITION OF VOLCANIC GLASSES FROM THE -1 CANYON, CYPRUS: IMPLICATIOptS FOR THE ORIGIN OF THE TRODOS OPHIOLITE, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 75: 369-383.

85 SEN 01 J .G . SEN GUPTA (1985) DETERWINATION OF THE RARE EARTHSIYTTRIUM AND SCAN- DIUM I N SILICATE ROCKS AND FOUR NEW GEOLOGICAL RE- FERENCE MTERIALS BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIZATION FROM GRAPHITE AND TANTALUM SURFACES, TALANTA, 32: 1-6.

85 S T I 01 P. STILLE AND M. TATSUMOTO (1985) PRECAMBRIAN THOLEIITIC-DACITIC ROCK-SUITES AND CAMBRIAN ULTRAMAFIC ROCKS I N THE PENNINE NAPPE SYS- %EM OF THE ALPS: EVIDENCE FROM SM-ND ISOTOPES AND RARE EARTH ELEMENTS, CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 89: 184-192.

85 WAN 01 G.A. WANDLESS AND J . W . MORGAW (1985) ANALYSIS OF LOW LEVELS OF'- EARTH BY RADIOCHE- MICAL NEOTROU ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, JOURNAL OF RA- DIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY, ARTICLES, 92: 273-282.

85 WEE 01 K.S. WEEKS AND D.W.G. SEARS (1985) CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL STUDIES OF TYPE 3-CHONDRITES V: THE ENSTATITE CHONDRITES, GEOCHXHICA ET COSMO- CHIMICA ACTA, 49: 152'5-1536

86 ARN 01 N.T. ARNDT AND G.A.JE"ER (1986) CRUSTALLY CONTAMIYATED K O M T I I T E S AND BASALTS FROM KAMBALDA, WESTERN AUSTRALIA, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 56, 229-255.

86 BER 01 M. BERGERON AND L.M. HEAMAN (1986) DETERMINING WHE ABUNDANCE OF GADOLINIUM I N GEOLO- GICAL SAMPLES BY PROMPT-GhXMA NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 54: 333-337.

86 BUC 01 S . J . BUCHANAN AND L.S. DALE (1986) INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTRO- METRIC DETERMINATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS I N GEO- LOGICAL MATERIALS, SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA, 418: 237- 242.

86 COM 01 P. COMIN-CHIARAEIONTI, G. DEMARCHI, V.AV.GIIURDI, F. PRINCIVALLE AND S. SINIGOI (1986) EVIDENCE OF MANTLE METASOMATISM AND HETEROGENEITY FROM PERIKITITE INCLUSIONS OF NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL AND PARAGUAY, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, 77: 203-217.

86 CRO 01 J .G . CROCK, F.E. LICHTE, G.O. RIDDLE AND C.L. BEECH (1986)

ELEMENTS AND YTTRIUM FROM GEOLOGICAL MATERIALS BY ION EXCHANGE AND SEQUENTIAL ACID ELUTION, TALANTA, 33: 601-606.

SEPARATZON AND PRECONCENTRATION OF THE M - E A R T H

86 EKA 01 V. EKAMBAFtAM, D.G. BROOKINS, P.E. ROSENBERG AND K.M. EMANUEL (1986) RARE EARTH ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY OF FLUORITE-CARBO- NATE DEPOSITS I N WESTERN MONTANA, U.S.A., CHEMICAL GEOLOGY, 54: 319-331.

86 GAR 01 L.B. GA"N (1986) REDUCTION OF BETA-INTERFERENCE I N GAMMA-SPECTROME- TRIC MEMUREMENTS OF NEUTRON-IRRADIATED GEOMGICAL MATERIAL. JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY, ARTICLES, 99: 75-88.

86 GEN 01 N. GENOVA, S. MELONI, M . ODDONE AND E. MELLO (1986) PROVENANCE STUDIES OF ARCHEOLOGICAL W L E S BY NEU- TRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AND DATA REDUCTION, PRO- CEEDINGS OF THE 7th MODERN TRENDS I N ACTIVATION ANA- LYSIS , COPENHAGEN, 1986: 1'71-179.

86 GRA 01 A.L. GRAY (1986) IONS OR PHOTONS-AN ASSESSMEUT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMISSION AND MASS SPECTROk5TRY WITH THE I C P , FRESENIUS ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANALY'FISCHE CHEMIE 324, 561-570.

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86 JOC 01 K.P. JOCHUM, H.M. SEUFERT, B. SPETTEL AND H . PALME 8 6 MIL 0 1 (L986)

THE SOLAR-SYSTEM ABCNDANCES OF NB, TA AND Y AND

ELEMENTS I N DIFFERENTIATED PLANETARY BODIES, GEO- CHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 50: 1173-1183 .

THE REL~TIVE ABUNDANCES OF REFRACTORY L I T H ~ I L E

86 KER 0 1 S.A. KERR, RrA. OLIVER, P . VITTOZ, G. V I V I E R , F. 8 6 ROS 01 HOYLER, T.D. M A C W O N , N. I . W M R D ( 1 9 8 6 ) ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS I N GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE SAMPLES BY NEUTRON CAPTURE PVOMPT G A W A RAY SPECTROSCOPY, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7 t h MODERN TRENDS I N ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, COPENHAG-, 1986:687-694

86 S I V 01 86 KUL 01 I . KULEFF, R . D J I N M V A AND I . PENEV ( 1 9 8 6 )

INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF POTTERY FOR PROVENIENCE STUDY,JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHENISTRY, 99: 345-358 .

86 LAU 01 J . C . LAUL, M.R. SMITH, H. W A N K E , E.JAGOUTZ, G. DREIBUS, 8. PALME, B. SPETTEL, A. BURGHELE. M.E. 86 TOY 01 LIPSCHUTZ AND R.M. VERROUTEREN ( 1 9 8 6 ) CHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS OF THE SHERGOTTY METEORITE AND THE COMPOSITION OF I T S PARENT BODY ( MARS), GEOCHXMICA E T COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 50: 909-926 .

86 YON 01 86 LAU 0 2 J . C . LAUL AND E.Z. LEPEL ( 1 9 8 6 ) RARE EARTH a E M E N T PATTERN I N B I O T I T E , MUSCOVITE AND TOURMALINE MINERALS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH KIDERN TRENDS I N ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, COPENHAGEN, 1 9 8 6 .

TRACE ELEMENT DETERMINATION I N ROCKS AND SEDIMENTS BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH MODERN TRENDS I N ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, COPENHA-

8 6 MAD 01 M . MADARO AND A. MOAURO ( 1 9 8 6 ) 86 WAN 01

G E N , 1986: 1213-1219 .

G.E. MILLER ( 1 9 8 6 ) NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS O F MRE AND D R I L L CUT- T I N G SAMPLES FROM GEOTHERMAL WELL D R I L L I N G , PROCEE- DINGS OF THE 7TW MODERN TRENDS I N ACTIVATION ANALY- SIS , COPEWHA@N, 1986: 1227-1234 .

W . I . ROSE, T . J . BORNHORST AND S.J. SIVONEN ( 1 9 8 6 ) RAPID, HIGH-QUALITY MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENT ANALY- SIS OF POWDERED ROCK BY X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTRO- METRY, X-RAY SPECTROMETRY, 15: 55-60.

W . J . S IVELL (1986) A BASALTIC-FERROBAGALTIC GRANULITE ASSOCIATION. ODNAGALABI GNEISS COMPLEX, CENTRAL AUSTRALIA: MAGMA- T I C VARIATION I N AN EARLY PROTEROZOIC R I F T , CONTRIBU- T I O N S TOMINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 93: 381-394

K. TOYODA AND H. HARAGUCHI (1986) RARE EARTH ELEMENTS I N S I X NEW GSJ STANDARD ROCK SAM- PLES AS DETERMINED BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, GEOSTANDARDS NEWSLETTER 10: 173-175.

V. VON DRACH, B.D. MARSH AND G . J . WASSERBURG (1986) ND AND SR ISOTOPES I N THE ALEUTIANS: MULTICOMPONENT PARENTHOOD OF ISLAND-ARC MAGMAS, CONTRIBUTTONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY, 92: 13-34.

H.X. WANKHADE, D.L. SAMUDRALWAR AND A.N. GARG (1986) NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF GEOLOGICAL AND BIOLO- GICAL SAMPLES USING SHORT-TERM REACTOR IRRADIATION AND SUCCESSIVE COUNTING, JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY, LETTERS, 105: 95 -106 .

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