FA-TT-75059 ADI

DETERMINATION OF BARIUM AND STRONTIUM PEROXIDES(ACTIVE OXYGEN) IN IGNITERS IN SMALL

ARMS TRACER AMMUNITION

August 1975 \

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

S• Technical Support Directorate

,4

•' ""N U.S. ARMY ARMAMENT COMMAND

FRAN KFORD ARSENAL

PHILADELPH IA, PENNSYLVANIA 19137

77

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The findings in this report are not to be construed asan official Department of the Army position, unless sodesignated by other authorized documents.

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DETERMINATION OF AARIUM AND STPONTIUM PEOXI.)E Technical(ACTIVE OXYGEN) IN IGNITERS IN SMALL ARMS -A___.......IRACER AMMUNITION. - 6. PERFORMING ONG. REPL•AT NUMBER

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GEOhGE /NORWITZMICHAEL" .LAN7]

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FRANKFORD ARSENAL, ATTN: SARFA-TSE-M-64-1 t, ------,. PRON' •A- 5-K6@ 5-F6-NH /Philadelphia, PA 19137 _- iuA . -. -K ......-NH

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1. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

19. KEY WORDS (Continue un reverse side If necesawy and identify by block number)

Barium peroxide IgnitersStrontium peroxide Small ArmsSOxygen Tracers

Active oxygen Ammunition

2 Z STRACT (Continue an reverse side It neceiurear and Identify by block number)

A method is proposed for the determination of barium and strontiumperoxides (active oxygen) in igniters in small arms ammunition. Thesample is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid (I to 9) which dissolvesthe magnesium powder almost instantaneously and then dissolves the bariumor strontium peroxides within 10 to 30 minutes. The solution is thenfiltered to remove the organic substances (calcium resinate, Parlon, toluidine red toner, and zinc stearate) and the peroxide is determined by the

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20. ABSTRACT: (continued)

|titanium peroxide color. It appears that igniter mixes and igniters

used in small arms tracer ammunition deteriorate with storage.

14 ;

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

INTRODUCTICN ................................................. 2

EXPERIMENTAL ................................................. 3

Apparatus and Reagents .................................... 3

Preparation of Calibration Curves ......................... 3

Procedure ................................................. 4

DISCUSSION AND REýI1LTS ....................................... 5

SUMMARY ...................................................... 7

RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................. 8

REFERENCES ................................................... 11

DISTRIBUTION ................................................. 13

LIST OF TABLES

Table

I. Nominal Composition of Igniters Used in Small Arms

Tracer Ammunition ..................................... 8

II. Results for Barium and Strontium Peroxides in Synthetic

Igniter Mixes .......................................... 9

III. Results for Strontium and Barium Peroxides in ActualIgniter Mixes ......................................... 10

IV. Results for Barium Peroxide in Igniter 1-508 inAmmunition ............................................ 10

INTRODUCTION

Tracer ammunition for both small arms and artillery are used fordetermining range and directing fire. The tracer compositions in suchammunition are set off by igniters which may contain barium or stron-tium peroxides (oxidizers), calcium resinate, Parlon, or zinc stearate(binders and fuels), magnesium powder (fuel), loluidine red toner(identifying coloring agent and fuel). It h. noted by ammunitionexperts for many years that the igniters (and cu _zquently the rounds

of tracer ammunition) are inclined to lose their effectiveness withtime and it has been theorized that this deterioration is caused by

dicomposition of the peroxide. However, this has never been proved

because of the lack of satisfactory analytical methods.

In view of the need, this arsenal undertook an investigation todevelop a method for the analysis of peroxide (active oxygen) inigniters in small arms ammunition. Many methods that had been previous-ly used for determining peroxide in various materials were considered.The most common method for determining peroxide is the titrimetricpermanganate method.'-5* Other titrimetric methods that have been usedinvolve ceric sulfate, potassium iodide, sodium thiosulfate, titanous

chloride, and sodium nitrite.,5,6* Another method for peroxide isthe eudiometric method whereby the volume of oxygen generated on decom-

6*position is measured. Spectrophotometric methods that have beenproposed include the use of the titanium peroxide,s-9* permanganate56* 6* 6 10*

decolorization, 5, ferric-thiocyanate, starch-iodide, , andferrous-orthophenanthrolinel1 * methods.

The potassium permanganate titrimetric method was found to be unre-liable for the determination of peroxides in igniters because of inter-ference from organic matter and magnesium powder. It is possible thatsome other titrinu.ric reagent could be used; however, this approachwas not pursued because a titrimetric method would not be applicable in

any case to the accurate determination of the small amount of igniterto be found in ammunition. The eudiometer method was not applicablebecause of interference from hydrogen generated by the magnesium. Itseemed, therefore, that a spectrophotometric method would be the mostfeasible means for determining peroxide in igniters. The titanium

peroxide spectrophotometric method was selected as the most useful.

* See References, page 11.

2

r7

EXPERIMENTAL

Apparatus and Ritagents

Beckman Model DU spectrophotometer (or equivalent), 1-cm cell.

Titanium s)lution. Weigh 2.00 g of titanium metal (sponge type)into a 210-m1 beaker, add 90 ml of hydrochloric acid, cover with a

S~walch glass, and warm on the hot plate to dissolve. Maintain the

volume of hydrochloric acid at 75-90 ml during the dissolution process.After the metal has completely dissolved, add 1 ml of nitric acid and

boil for 1 minute. Cool and dilute to 200 ml in a volumetric flask.

earium peroxide, MTL-B-153A, Grade B2* (the sample used in thiswo0k contained 8.9% active oxygen).

Svtrontium. peroxide, MIL-S-512B, Grade B 3. (the sample used in thiswork contained 12.7% active oxygen).

Magnesium powder, MIL-M-382B, Type III, Granulation 12, nominalmesh size 120-200.12.

Calcium resinate, MIL-C-20470A, Type II.13 *

Parlon (chlorinated rubber), MIL-R-60671.I 4 *

Zinc stearate, USP.15.

Toluidine red toner, TT-P-445.16*

Preparation of Calibration Curves

Barium peroxide. Transfer 0.20-0.21 g of barium peroxi.de (weighedto 0.1 mg) to a 150-ml beaker. Add 100 ml of dilute hydro~hloric acid(1 to 9) and allow to stand with occasional stirring until 0h1 samplehas dissolved (10 to 30 minutes). Dilute to 250 ml in a volumetricflask. Transfer 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, and 25.0 ml aliquots ro 10•-mlvolumetric flasks and dilute to about 35 ml with water. Add su!-icienthydrochloric acid to bring the hydrochloric acid content in each flaskto 5 ml. Dilute to about 75 ml with water and add 5.0 ml of titaniumsolution. Dilute to the mark and within 1 hour, measure the absorbonceat 410 nm against the reagent blank. Plot mg of barium peroxide (per100 ml) against absorbance.

• See References, page .1.

3.

Strontium peroxide. Transfer 0.11 - 0.16 g of strontium peroxide

(weighed to 0.1 mg) to a 150-ml beaker and proceed as described for

the calibration curve fco- barium peroxide but use 5.0, 10.0, 15.0,17.5, and 20.0 ml aliquots. Plot mg of strontium peroxide (per 100 ml)against absorbance,

Procedure

Igniter Mixes. Transfer about 0.20 g of sample (weighed to 0.1 mg)to a 150-ml beaker. Add 100 ml of ailute hydrochloric acid (1 to 9) at

one stroke. Allow to stand with occasional stirring until the barium.or strontium peroxide has dissolved (10 to 30 minutes). Within 30minutes after dissolution, filter through a Whatman No. 41 filter paper

into a 250-ml voluL.,•tric flask and wash with watel. Discard the filterpaper and dilute to the mark in the volumetric flask. Transfer an ali-quot preferably containing 13 tc 20 mg of barium peroxide or 9 to 15 mg

of strontium peroxide to a 100-ml volumetric flask and dilute to about35 ml. Add sufficient hydrochloric acid to bring the hydrochloric acidcontent to 5 ml and dilute to about 75 .il, Add 5.0 ml of titanium solu-tion, dilute to the mark, and within 1 hour measure the absorbance at410 nm against the reagent blank. Determine the mg of barium or stron-

tium peroxide by referring to the calibration curve and calculate thepercent barium or strontium peroxide as follows:

mg of BaO? or SrO9 as read from curve x 1.01% BaO2 or SrO2 g of sample in aliquot x 10

Igniters Contained in Small Arms Tracer Ammunition. Remove the

bullet from the round. While working behind safety shield, cut throughthe exterior of the bullet jacket lengthwise on both sides with a hand-saw to just sufficient depth to reach the tracer and igniter. Exercisecare during this cutting operation so as not to overheat the bullet

since overheating might cause some decomposition of the peroxide andconstitute a hazard. Pry off one side of the jacket with a suitableinstrument. Remove the igniter mix and store it in a closed bottle.Transfer a sample to a 150-ml beaker, add 35 to 100 ml of dilute hydro-chloric acid (1 to 9), allow to stand until the barium or strontiumperoxide has dissolved, filter, wash, and dilute to volume in a volu-metric flask (the amount of hydrochloric acid and the volume of dilutionwill depend on the amount of sample). Transfer an appropriate aliquot

to a 100-ml volumetric flask and proceed as described for barium and

strontium peroxides in igniter mixes.

4

The magnesium metal dissolves almost instantaneously on adding 100

ml of 1 to 9 hydrochloric acid at room temperature at one stroke; then,the barium or strontium peroxide dissolves slowly in 10 to 30 minutes.The extremely rapid dissolution of the magnesium minimizes the inter-ference of magnesium. If a more concentrated hydrochloric acid solu-tion were used, the barium and strontium peroxides would dissolve

simultaneously with the magnesium, causing lower results. The dissolu-tion process with the 1 to 9 hydrochloric acid must be conducted atroom temperature. If the solutions were cooled, the magnesium wouldnot dissolve instantly, causing lower results. The organic mattercontained in the igniters does not dissolve in the I to 9 hydrochloricacid and is filtered off and does not seem to interfere. In spite ofall precautions, however, preliminary work with synthetic samplesshowed that the recoveries for peroxides were slightly low; therefore,it was decided on the basis of this preliminary work to multiply cal-culated result by the empirical factor 1.01.

Hydrochloric acid rather than sulfuric acid is used because thelatter acid would cause precipitation of insoluble barium and stron-t 4 um sulfates.

The acidity of the solution in which the titanium peroxide color isdeveloped is about 1.8N. This acidity is not critical since the per-missible acidity for titanium peroxide color is about 1.5 to 3.5N." 7 *

Full color development was achieved with 5 ml of the titanium solu-tion. The titanium solution used by the authors was prepared fromtitanium metal since that material could be readily obtained in highpurity (previous investigators have prepared the solution from titaniumdioxide, potassium titanium oxalate, potassium fluotitanate, and titan-ous sulfate)W- 9 , 7 * Nitric acid must be used in oxidizing Ti(III) toTi(IV); oxidizing with hydrogen peroxide and subsequent boiling todestroy the peroxide caused hydrolysis of the titanium.

The calibration curves follow Beer's law (0 to about 0.75 absorb-ance).

All the calculations for the barium and strontium peroxides inigniters were relative to the original barium and strontium peroxideswhich were arbitrarily taken as 100% pure' This mode of calculation

was chosen because the prime aim of the iuVestigation was to determinewhether there had been degradation of the barium or strontium peroxidein the igniters.

* See References, page 11.5

IIf it were desired to make the calculation for the igniters interms of active oxygen it would be first necessaiy to determine the

active oxygen content of the barium and strontlum peroxides used for

preparing the calibration curves and then plot mg of active oxygen (per100 ml) against absorbance. This would be a relatively simple matter.

The active oxygen of barium or strontium peroxide can be defined asthe percent oxygen (by weight) released when the peroxide reverts tothe simple oxide (eg., 2BaO 2 -*2BaO+O 2 ). Active oxygen can also becalculated as the volume of oxygen released b'ut this is ordinarily doneonly with hydrogen peroxide (which is frequently characterized by the mlof oxygen at 0°C and 760 mm pressure that is liberated from 1 ml or 100ml of solution measured at 20 0 C when the peroxide is completely decom-posed). The theoretical active oxygen content of barium and strontiumperoxides is 9.45% and 13.38%, respectively.

The military specifications for barium and strontium peroxides 2 ' 3

call for a minimum active oxygen content of 8.5% and 12.3%, respectively.However, according to the experiences of this arsenal over many years,the active oxygen content of the barium peroxide used in igniters variesfrom 8.8 - 9.0% for barium peroxide and 12.5 - 12.8% for strontiumperoxide (and it Aoes not change significantly for 2 or 3 years if thetwo materials are stored in air-tight containers). The cited rangesare equivalent to 93.1 - 95.2% barium peroxide and 93.4 - 95.7% stron-tium peroxide, respectively. Rosin4 and Fisher Scientific Co.13 givea minimum barium peroxide content of 88% and 85%, respectively, forreagent barium peroxide. There is no specification for reagent stron-tium peroxide.

According to experiences of this laboratory, the pecmanganatemethod for active oxygen described in the military speci'•ications forbarium and strontium peroxides '3 is far superior to other titrimetricmethods for active oxygen. These specificition methods involve theaddition of 3/4 of the amount of 0.1N potassium permanganate needed forthe titration to 70 ml of acid reagent at room temperature (the acidreagent is made by dissolving 0.1 g MnCl9-4H2 0, 100 ml of perchloricacid, and 30 ml of phosphoric acid in water and diluting to 1 liter).Then, 0.35-0.40 g of the barium or strontium peroxide is added whilestirring with a bar magnet stirrer and the solution is titrated againwith the permanganate to a pink color that persists for 1 minute.

% a v0.800 x volume of KMnO4 x N of KMn04S% active oxygen g of sample

2 Military Specification MIL-B-153A, Barium Peroxide, 30 September 1964.3 Militay Specification MIL-S-612B, Strontium Peroxide, 15 May 1975.4J. Rosin, "Reagent Chemicals and Standards," 4th Ed., p. 68, New York,

Van Nostrand, 1'61.Military Specification MIL-C-20470A, Calcium Resinate, 30 September1.964.

6

The nominal compositions of the common igniter mixes used in smallarms tracer aMMunlition by the US Army are shown in Table I. The resultsobtained for barium and strontium peroxides in synthetic igniter mixesprepared in this laboratory are shown in Table II. The results ob-tained for three actual production igniter mixe3 stored in closedcontainers for about a year are shown in Table III. The results ob-tained for an igniter in a lot of ammunition several years old are shownin Table IV.

The recoveries obtained fur the synthetic samples were satisfactory(the average recovery of all the runs was 100.2%). The precision ofthe results for the igniter mixes and the igniter was satisfactory.The average standard deviaLion for the three igniter mixes was 0.70%,while the average standard deviation for the igniter in the ammunitionwas 1.54%. It would be expected, as indicated, that it would be moredifficult to obtain a uniform sample from the igniters in the ammunition.

It is seen that two of the three actual igniter mixes shoued somedeterioration and the igniter in the ammunition showed marked deteriora-tion. The data would seem to indicate that 1-276 is a superior mix.The data does not show whether the dry mix process is superior to the

* wet mix process. In the dry mix process (used for Igniters 1-276 and1-508) the ingredients are mixed dry, while in the wet mix process(used for Igniter 1-280) the ingredients are mixed while dampened with1 carbon tetrachloride, which is then volatilized by heating at 140 0 F.19

The wet mix process is used because it reduces the hazard caused bythe ready ig.titability of the dust particles of the igniter mix. Thedata is insufficient to show whether 1-qrium or strontium peroxide ismore stable in igniters.

SUMMARY

A method is proposed for the determination of barium and strontiumperoxides (active oxygen) in igniters in small arms tracer ammunition.The sample is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid (1 to 9) which dis-solves the magnesium powder almost instantaneously and then dissolvesthe barium or strontium peroxides within 10 to 30 minutes. The solutionis then filtered to remove the organic substances (calcium resinate,Parlon, toluidine red toner, and zinc stearate) and the peroxide isde-termined by the titanium peroxide color. It appears that igniters

and igniter mixtures used in small arms tracer ammunition deterioratewith storage.

19 0rdnance Corps, Department of the Army, Frankford Arsenal, Drawings forIgniter Compositicns 1-136, 1-280, and 1-508.

7

4', - - - - - - - - - --7.- -•'. .- 44

RECOMMENDAT IONS

It is recomuended that the deterioration of igniters be investiga-ted in greater detail to establish the following: (1) relative suscep-tibility of the different igniter compositions to deterioration, (2)mechanism of the decomposition, (3) effect of different storage condi-tion on the deterioration.

I

•I Table I.Nominal Ccmposition of Igniters Used

in Small Arms Tracer Ammunition

Igniter Nominal Composition (%)

1-280 76.5 Sr0 2, 15.0 Mg, 8.5 Ca resinate

1-276 83.5 Ba0 2 , 15.0 Mg, 1.0 Zn stearate,

0.5 toluidine red toner

1-508 79.0 Ba0 2 , 14.1 Mg, 5.5 Parlon,0.9 Zn stearate, 0.5 toluidine redtoner

8

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Table III.Results for Strontium and Barium Peroxides

in Actual Igniter Mixes

Igniter Nominal (%) Results (%)

1-280 76.5 SrO2 67.5"66.7"67.567.467.0

ni Avg. 67.2Std. Dev. 0.36

1-276 83.5 BaO2 88.488.490.088.74 90.088.8

Avg. 89.1Std. Dev. 0.75

1-508 79.0 BaO2 72.771.272.772.973.373.3

Avg. 72.7SStd. Dev. 1.00

Table IV.Igniter 1-508 in Ammunition

Nominal BaO2 (M) BaO2 Found M

79.0 57.049.053.8

Avg. 53.3

Std. Dev. 1.54

10

REFERENCES

1. F. P. Treadwell, "Analytical Chemistry," 7th Ed., Vol. II, p. 533,534, 576, Wiley, New York, 1930.

2. Military Specification MIL-B-153A, Barium Peroxide, 30 September1964.

3. Military Specification MIL-S-612B, Strontium Peroxide, 15 May 1975.

4. J. Rosin, "Reagent Chemicals and Standards," 4th Ed., p. 68, NewYork, Van Nostrand, 1961.

5. J. S. Reichert, S. A. McNeight, and H. W. Rudel, Ind. Eng. Chem.,Anal. Ed., 11, 194 (1939).

6. N. Allen, Ind. In,,. Chem., Anal. Ed., 2, 55 (1930).

7. G. M. Eisenberg, Ind. Eng. Chem., Anal. Ed., 15, 327 (1943).

8. C. B. Allsopp, Analyst, 66, 371 (1941).

9. A. C. Egerton, A. J. Everett, G. J. Minkoff, S. Rudrakanchana, and

K. C. Salooja, Anal. Chim. Acta, 10, 422 (1954).

10. J. Savage, Analyst, 76, 224 (1951).

11. R. Bailey and D. F. Boltz, Anal. Chem., 31, 117 (1959).

12. Military Specification MIL-M-382B(MU), Magnesium Powder (for Use inAmmunition), 22 July 1970.

13. Military Specification MIL-C-20470A, Calcium Resinate, 30 September1964.

14. Military Specification MIL-R-60671(MU), Rubber, Chlorinated,Natural: Powder, 22 May 1967.

15. United States Pharmacopoeia, 18th Ed., p. 786, Bethesda, MD, 1970.

16. Federal Specification TT-P-445, Pigment; Toluidine-Red-Toner, Dry,29 March 1961.

17. E. B. Sandell, "Colorimetric Determination of Traces of Metals,"p. 870, Interscience, New York, 1959.

11}

Ii •"

18. Fisher Scientific Co., "Fisher Chemical Index," Pittsburgh, PA.

19. Ordnance Corps, Department of the Army, Frankford Arsenal, Drawings

for Igniter Compositions 1-136, 1-280, 1-276, and 1-508.

12

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US Army Yuma Proving Ground1 ATTN: ST-AP-MT-G, Yuma, AZ 85364

Mr. R. L. Huddleston1 ATTN: STEYP-MTS

CommanderUS Army Arctic Test Center 1 ATTN: STEYP-ADTATTN: STEAC-HO-ASAPO Seattle, WA 98733 President

US Army Infantry BoardCommander ATTN: STEBC-TEDugway Proving Ground Ft. Benning, GA 31905ATTN: STEPD-TO(D)Dugway Proving Ground, UT 84022 Commander

Anniston Army DepotConmander ATTN: AMXAN-QAUS Army Electronic Proving Ground Anniston, AL 36202ATTN: STEEP-MTFt. Huachuca, AZ 85613 Commander

Letterkenny Army DepotCommander ATTN: AMXLE-QAJefferson Proving Ground Chambersburg, PA 17201ATTN: STEJP-TD-1Madison, IN 472!•'0

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Commander CommanderLexington-Bluegrass Army Depot Tobyhanna Army DepotATTN: AMXLX-QA ATTN: AMXTO-Q

S"Lexington, KY 40507 Tobyhanna, PA 18466

SCommander Commander•New Cumberland Army Depot Tooele Army Depot

ATTN: AMXNC-QA ATTN: AMXTE-QA

New Cumberlaad, PA 17070 Tooele, UT 84074

Commander (2) Chief, Bureau of Naval WeaponsPueblo Army Depot Department of the NavyATTN: AMXPU-Q Washington, DC 20390

Pueblo, CO 81001 Chief, Bureau of Ships

Coimiander Department of the NavyRed River Army Depot Washington, DC 20315ATTN: AMXRR-QATexarkana, TX 75501 Minnesota Mining and Mfg. Co.

900 Bush AvenueCommander St. Paul, MN 55106Sacramento Army DepotATTN: AMXSA-QA 1 ATTN: R. L. RebertusSacramento, CA 95801

1 ATTN: D. G. WeiblenCommander

Savanna Army Depot 6570 AMRLATTN: AMXSV-QA Toxic Hazards BranchSavanna, IL 61074 ATTN: S. Brocheshoulder

Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433DirectorAMC Ammunition Center National Aeronautics and SpaceATTN: AMXAC-.DE AdministrationSavanna, IL 61074 Lewis Research

2100 Brook Park RoadCommander ATTN: D. E. KuivinenSeneca Army Depot Cleveland, OH 44135ATTN: AMXSE-RGRomulus, NY 14541 Aerojet-General Corporation

Box 1947Commander ATTN: P. J. KlassSharpe Army Depot Sacramento, CA 94809ATTN: AMXSH-QELathrop, CA 95330 Thiokol Chemical Corporation

Wasatch DivisionCommander P. 0. Box 524Sierra Army Depot ATTN: D. B. DavisATTN: AMXSI-DQA Bringham City, UT 84302Herlong, CA 96113

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I%Thiokol Chemical Corp. US Army Chemical & RadiologicalHuntsville, AL Laboratory

Chemical Process Division1 ATTN: A. Guzzo ATTN: Paul Henderson

Edgewood Arsenal, MD 210101 ATTN: W. Betjen

TRW System, Inc.Hercules Powder Company 1 Space ParkAllegany Ballistics Laboratory Redondo Beach, CA 90200ATTN*, AnalyLical Chemistry

Laboratory 1 ATTN: A. GruntCumberland, MD 21501

1 ATTN: J. DensonRocketdyne6633 Canoga Avenue Lockheed Propulsion CompanyCanoga Park, CA 91304 P. 0. Box 111

ATTN: Scientific & Technical LibraryI ATTN: E. F. Cain Redlands, CA 92374

I ATTN: V. Daypn Thiokol Chemical Corporation

ATTN: I. L. DeWittCommander (AMSMI-RCK) Elkton, MD 21921US Army Missile CommandATTN: B. J. Alley US Naval Weapons CenterRedstone Arsenal, AL 35808 China Lake, VA 93557

Aerospace Medical Research Lab 1 ATTN: D. H. StewardWright-Patterson AFBATTN: Mr. Townsend 1 ATTN: F. B. FisherDayton, OH 45433

NASA Langley Research CenterAir Force Rocket Propulsion ATTN: R. L. SwainLaboratory (RPCC) Hampton, VAEdwards, CA 93523

NASA Marshall Space Flight Center1 ATTN: W. S. Anderson ATTN: J. Nunnelley

F'untsville, AL

1 ATTN: L. S. Dee

NASA MCS-WSMR OperationsHercules Powder Co. ATTN: I. D. SmithHercules Research Center White Sands, NMATTN: A. Z. ConnorWilmington, DE 19899 Badger Army Ammunition Plant

Olin Mathieson Chemical Corp.Bell Aerosystems Co. ATTN: R. J. ThiedeATTN: J. C. Tynan Baraboo, WI

. • Buffalo, NYBfaoBadger Army Ammunition Plant

Hercules (Sunflower) ATTN: E. JohnsonATTN: J. S. Maurer Baraboo, WILawrence, KS

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Olin Mathieson Chemical Corp. The Chemical Propulsion Informa-ATTN: C. Vineyard tion AgencyMarion, IL The John Hopkins University Applied

Physics LaboratoryOlin Mathieson Chemical Corp. 8621 Georgia AvenueATTN: E. Lilliott ATTN: Mr. L..PiperSt. Marks, FL 32355 Silver Spring, MD 20910

I Hercules Powder Company HerculesATTN: H. A. Read Bacchus WorksKenvil, NJ 07847 P. 0. Box 250

ATTN: R. J. DuBoisUS Naval Ordnance Station Salt Lake City, UT 84112Indian Head, MD 20640

Allied Chemical Corporation1 ATTN: A. R. Lawrence General Chemical Division

Research Laboratory

I ATTN: W. Gogis P. 0. Box 405ATTN: L. V. Haff

I ATTN: J. G. Tuono Norristown, NJ 07960

1 ATTN: M. I. Fauth Olin Mathieson Chemical Corporation275 Winchester

1 ATTN: W. Barber ATTN: A. NicholsNew Haven, CT 96511

Martin CompanyDenver Division United Technology CenterMail No. A-104 1050 E. Arques AvenueP. 0. Box 179 Sunnyvale, CA 94087ATTN: A. 0. WilliamsDenver, CO 80201 1 ATTN: H. J. Hyer

Esso Research & Engineering Co. 1 ATTN: J. C. MatthewsP. 0. Box 8ATTN: M. T. Melchior Jet Propulsion LaboratoryLinden, NJ 07036 California Institute of Technology

4800 Oak Grove DriveChemical Analysis Unit Pasadena, CA 91103OOAMA (OOMQQCA)Odgen Air Material Area 1 ATTN: D. D. LawsonATTN: G. W. PettyHill Air Force Base, UT 84401 1 ATTN: J. D. Ingham

Odgen Air Material Area Naval Research LaboratoryATTN: N. W. Habertson ATTN: Dr. J. M. Krafft, Code 8430Hill Air Force Base, UT 84401 Washington, DC 20375

US Naval Weapons Station CommanderSATTN: D. H. Smathers Lake City Army Ammunition Plant

Concord, CA 94520 Independence, MO

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I

Commander (2)Wright Air Development DivisionATTN: ASRCWright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433

DirectorAir Force Materiel LaboratoryATTN: AFML-DO-LibraryWright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433

DirectorArmy Materials and MechanicsResearch CenterWatertown, MA 02172

2 ATTN: AMXMR-PL

I ATTN: AMXMR-M

1 ATTN: AMXMR-P

1 ATTN: AMXMR-RA, Mr. F. Valente

2 ATTN: AMXMR-MQ

1 ATTN: ANXMR-MS

1 ATTN: AMXMR-MN, Mr. H. Hatch

CommanderHercules Powder CompanyATTN: E. G. SimpsonRadford, VA 24141

University of CaliforniaBldg. 101, Rm 1223P. 0. Box 808ATTN: W. SeligLivermore, CA 94551

Reproduction BranchFRANKFORD ARSENALDate Printed: I) October 11175

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