8/8/2019 Determinants of NC
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yCulture at the global level of the external environment relates
to theinteraction of at least one national culture with another.
Culture at the
national level can result from one nation attributing
characteristics to
another, which can result in stereotyping and prejudice. The
national and
local levels of culture can be intertwined, as for some people
their national
characteristics make them the people they are in their local
communities.
yThe determinants of personal cultural provenance are name,
gender,professional role, icons, symbols, ceremonies, personal
morality, norms,
values. It is these determinants which define an individuals
culture, which
in turn makes them the person they are.
yNational culture is determined by religion, politics,
economies, education,language, social structure. It is these
determinants, their variations and
how they are viewed by other nationalities which define a
countrys national
culture.
yOrganisational culture can result from the internal structure
of anorganisation and from the type of people it employs.
yThe determinants of organisational culture are presented in the
cultural web,which includes routines and ritual, stories, symbols,
power structures,
organisational structures, control systems. All these
determinants will have
an impact on they type of place an organisation is to work
in.
yDeal and Kennedy identified four possible organisational types.
The tough-guy macho culture is where staff take high-risk decisions
and receive rapid
feedback on the effectiveness of their actions. The work
hard/play hardculture is found in organisations in which decisions
are routinely low risk
and feedback quick, which is often the case in sales-orientated
companies.
The bet your company culture organisation takes big risks and
feedback
takes a long time. This is typical of companies which build
aircraft or
undertake oil exploration. Finally the process culture is low
risk with slow
feedback, which is typically found in the civil service and
public-sector
organisations.
yHow a company manages and behaves in the international arena
can beinfluenced by many factors. The key issues which need to be
examined as
they are influenced by differing global, national and local
cultures includehow success is measured, communications with
consumers and the
marketplace, human resource management, communication with
overseas
managers (locally based and international managers), and
contract
negotiations.
yManaging culture and understanding its relevance to business
requires anumber of issues to be addressed. These include
leadership, the role of
