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In May 2008, INDEX: and AIGA posed a challenge to students around the world, asking them to address the world’s fresh water crisis. This book presents the winner and the finalists of the first INDEX: | AIGA ASPEN DESIGN CHALLENGE.
Citation preview
contents
4 AddressingtheWorld's FreshWAterissues byLiseVejseKlint
6 KnoWledgeobliges byJensDitlevLauritzen
8 WhAtWouldYoudo? (thinKYoucAndesignYour WAYoutoFthis?) byMargaretCatley-Carlson
12 hopeMAdeVisible byBrianCollins
16 theFinAlists:
18 Winner:VeggiepAtch byJoSczczepanska
24 eVerYdropcounts byUlrikSvenningsen
28 rescuebottle byCerenBagatar
32 rethinKYourgreen byManuelGarcia,EileenHsu, PouyaJahanshahi,MasatoNakada, MichellePark&MaeceSeirafi-Najar
36 sAVetheriVerJAdro byIgorCarli
40 VheMbeFilter byMartinBolton
44 honorAbleMentions
46 thAnKYou
4designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘In any kind of an endeavor like this, what you're looking for is to give triumph a chance, and what that really means, in this case, is for creativity to defeat habit, to come up with solutions that aren't anticipated, and I hope that a number of them reach the kind of expectations we all have for them.’
Ric GRefé
‘We are at a point of no awareness in many, many cases, particularly in the part of the world that has water. No awareness, perhaps no care ... we're not sure what we're looking at in that sense. If that needs to be cultivated then how does communication help with that?’
PoRteR andeRson
‘What's so exciting is to see students ad-dressing this in new ways that we in the communications world and the journalism world, in the design world, in the water engineering world never would have thought about.’
J. caRl GanteR
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture5
‘One of the challenges in the water area is the failure to understand the problem and the forms of the problem and the forms of solutions. And the key role of communications is precisely to tackle that.’
dR. PeteR H. Gleick
‘We've got to find ways to reframe what we see, because the way we see things actually is contradictory to the way we now need to behave.’
BRian collins
‘We need the designers to reach out and say AH! This is what the underlying issue is, this is how you reach out and touch the heartstrings and the behaviour of people.’
MaRGaRet catley-caRlson
6designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘fiRst, we wanted to Make students Realize tHat tHey can use tHeiR PRofession as desiGneRs to Make a Real diffeRence in tHe woRld By addRessinG seRious cHallenGes.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture7
InMay2008,INDEX:andAIGA,theorgani-zationofprofessionaldesignersintheUS,posedachallengetostudentsaroundtheworld,askingthemtoaddresstheworld’sfreshwatercrisis.
Thereweretwomainobjectivesforposingthischallenge:first,wewantedtomakestudentsrealizethattheycanusetheirpro-fessionasdesignerstomakearealdiffer-enceintheworldbyaddressingseriouschallenges,Secondly,wewantedtotakethestudentfinaliststhroughaprocessthatwouldhelpthemunderstandhowtocreateabusinessplanandapproachpotentialinvestors.Twoworkshopswereheld:thefirstinAspen,ColoradoinMarch2009,wherethestudentsrefinedtheirprojectsanddevelopedbusinessplans;andthese-condinCopenhagen,DenmarkinAugust2009wheretheymetwithsocialinvestors,venturecapitalists,andbusinessleaderstoseekimplementationoftheirprojects.
ThesubjectofthewatercrisisoriginatedfromadiscussionheldduringtheJanuary2007WorldEconomicForum,whereCoLLINS:DesignandCircleofBluepresentedwater-relatedissuesinfirst,second,andthirdworlds,effectivelydemonstratingthatthefreshwatercrisisistrulyaglobalissue.
Infact,wateristheaxisissuethatintersectstheworld’schallenges,includinghealth,pov-erty,andsecurity,aswellasclimate,energy,immigration,andtheenvironment.Evenfinancialandcommoditiesmarketsareaf-fected.Buttheoverallissueiscomplexandrequiresa360-degree,multidimensionaldesignapproachthatincludespowerful,fact-based,relevantnarratives,accessibleinfor-mationandcoordinatedchannelsforaction.
Globally,theUnitedNationsestimatesthattwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationwillliveinareasofwaterstresswithinthenext20years,andthatfivemillionpeople–mostlychildren–dieeachyearduetocontaminateddrinkingwater.
Inthedevelopingworld,solutionstothiscri-sismaymeandrillingwellsforchildreninaGhanaianvillageorapplyingnewortradi-tionalfilteringtechnologiesforfamiliesinBangladesh.Inthedevelopedworld,drought,climatechanges,pollution,agriculturalmis-use,andweakinfrastructuresbeleaguereventhemostadvancedcivilizations.
over700studentsfrom28countriesan-sweredthechallenge,andwewouldliketothankallofthemfortheirgreatworkandinnovativeideas.Enjoy!
AddressingtheWorld’s
FreshWAterissues:
bYliseVeJseKlintdirectoroFprogrAMsAndeVentsindex:designtoiMproVeliFe
8designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘tHe ideas aRe tHeRe, tHe Passion is tHeRe, tHe dedication is tHeRe, tHe innovation is tHeRe and now we Must Make suRe tHat Business is also tHeRe to HelP caRRy tHese PRoJects to fRuition.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture9
WhentheStudentChallengearrivedinCopenhagen,itwastopresentthefinalselectionofprojectsbasedonthethemeofdesigningwater’sfuture.Toachievethisthestudentshadtocombinethelearningfromtheireducationwithinnovation,dedicationandapassiontoparticipateinsolvingoneoftheworld’smajorchallengesofthisera.
Thiscollaborativeefforttomakechangestotoday’sworldisexactlywhattheLauritzenFoundationisallabout.
Whenthefoundationwassetupin1945onthebackofastillthrivingshippingbusiness,innovationandthestriveforexcellence,combinedwiththefundamentalhumanisticapproachwere,andarestill,thecorner-stonesinourwayofthinking.SosupportingtheStudentChallengewasaneasyandnaturaldecisionforus.
MorethantwoyearshavepassedsinceINDEX:declaredthechallengeofimprovingthequantityandqualityofcleanwaterinaglobalcontext.Sincethenasmanyas700studentsfrom28differentcountrieshavespentcountlesstimetryingtocomeupwithsolutionstothisproblem.
Nodoubttherearemanysolutions,everyonecontributingtheirpart,andthatisalsowhyalltheseprojectsmightbeconsideredwinnersastheymayallhavetheirparttoplay.
TheprojectsselectedtocometoCopenhagenoriginatedfromaroundtheglobenamelyAustralia,USA,Turkey,Croatia,SouthAfricaandDenmark,andafterthetwodayshereinCopenhagenonecannototherthanbeex-tremelyimpressedbythestudentspassionanddedicationforeachandeveryproject.
Ittookalotofhardworkbythestudentstogetthisfarandstilltherearefurtherbattlesahead.Changinganideaintoaviablecom-mercialproductismanytimesthebiggestchallenge,butheresupport,guidanceandcommitmentfromtheglobalbusinesscommunityisvital,solet’snotforgetthat!
Inboththedeveloping,anddevelopedworldamovementisrising.Inthepastmainlypoliticians,researchersandspecialisthavespearheadedthedebate,butthesedaysamuchbroaderscopeofinterestedpartiesarevoicingopinionsaswellasdedicatingtimeandfundstocomeupwithsolutions,includingINDEX:challengessuchasthis.
ThemessagecomingfromtheStudentChallengeisthattheideasarethere,thepassionisthere,thededicationisthere,theinnovationisthereandnowwemustmakesurethatbusinessisalsotheretohelpcarrytheseprojectstofruition.
Weoweittoallwhoinhabitourworldtoday,andallwhowillinthefuture.
KnoWledgeobliges:
bYJensditleVlAuritzen,chAirMAnoFtheboArdJl-Fondet
10designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘tHe PRoBleM is RiGHt now. we aRe alReady takinG too MucH wateR out of 70 MaJoR RiveR systeMs. tHeiR deltas – and all tHe fisH, Plants, PRotection, and econoMic activities involved in deltas – aRe at seRious Risk.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture11
WhatwouldYoUdoifyouwokeuponemorningandtherewassimplynotenoughwater?Immediately,therewouldbenowaterforbrushingyourteeth,takingashower,ormakingyourmorningcoffee(53gallons,or150liters,goesintoasinglelatte)–orforwashingthebreakfastdishes.Youprobablywouldn’tbeabletoflushthetoilet,which,bytheway,takesabout35%ofthecleaned,piped,maintained,alphawaterthatgoesintoNorthAmericanhouseholds.
Iftherereallywerenotenoughwater,andtheshortagelastedforanylengthoftime,someprettyimportantthingswoulddisap-pear.Food,forexample.Everycalorieyoueatneeds1liter–or4+cupsofwatertopro-duceit.Ifyoulookatitonabiggerscale,ittakesacubicmeter(imagineabigcubealittlemorethan3feetoneachside,aboutatonofwater)toproducealittlemorethan2pounds,akilo,ofwheat.Ricetakesabouttwicethatamount,andchickenupto5timesasmuch.Beef?Almostdoubletheamountforchicken,dependingonhowthecowisraised.
It’shardlysurprising,onceyourealizethis,toimaginethatfoodandagricultureareaprettyimportantuseofwater.Theyare.Somethinglike75%ofallwaterwehumanstakeoutofourlakes,rivers,groundwater,andsoilgoestogrowingthings.
It’snotjustforourfood–waterisalsoneed-edforthefiberinourclothing,thefoodfortheanimalsweeat,andforfuel.Thenthereisthematterofthathydro-poweredlightswitch...
Iftherereallywereinsufficientwater,evengettingdressedinthemorningwouldgeteventuallytougher:about1,800gallonsofwater–6,800liters–areneededtogrowenoughcottontoproducejustonepairofregularbluejeans.Iffoodcostsalotintermsofwater,you’veprobablyfiguredoutthatmanufacturedstuffcostsevenmore:anestimated150+cubicmeters–150tons,or39,090gallons–isusedtomakeacar,andeachtiretakes518gallons.Formorefactslikethese,youcanlookituponTreeHugger.
WhAtWouldYoudo?(thinKYoucAn
designYourWAYoutoFthis?):
bYMArgAretcAtleY-cArlsonchAir:WorldeconoMicForuMglobAlAgendAcouncilonWAtersecuritY/globAlWAterpArtnership/unsecretArYgenerAlAdVisorYboArdonWAter
12designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
NowimaginelivinginacountrywherewaterreallyISalreadyinshortsupply.Ifyouwereagirlinaruralarea,you’dprobablyspendpartofyourweekwalkingforwater–itwouldcertainlycutintoyourschoolweek.Youryoungerbrothersandsisterswouldbeatrealriskofwaterbornediseases–1outof5childrenundertheageof5diesfromthese.
Turnthetables.Imaginelivinginacountrywhere,insteadofoccasionalregularrain,asmuchas90%fellwithinaperiodoftwoweeks.Youmightbewherestormsandfloods,someofthemrelatedtothefactthatwarmertemperaturescausecloudstoholdmorewater,producedelugeafterdeluge,ty-phoonaftertyphoon.Howwouldyoucope?
What’stheissue?Whythisdoomandgloomandcautionarystuff?Doesn’titrainanymore?Yesitdoes,andwe’vegotaboutthesameamountofwaterasthedinosaurshadwhentheyroamed.Butthecombinationofpopulationgrowth,prosperity(weallwantmoreofeverything),andpollution(weruinwater)meansthatweareusingmorewaterthanisreplacedbyrainfallinfartoomanypartsoftheworld.Andtemperaturechangesarechangingrainfallandwaterflowpatterns.
okay.That’stherangeofissues,inanut-shell.Candesignhelp?Especiallyreally
gooddesign?Itcan–andagroupoftalentedyoungdesignersinthiscompetition,spon-soredbyINDEX:andAIGA,submittedamultitudeofsmartsolutionstovitalaspectsofthewatermanagementproblem.CircleofBlueandCoLLINS:ofNewYorkdidback-stopping.Agroupofusprovidedjudgeandjuryservice.
Let’srunthroughafew.
WhAtYoucAn’tMeAsureYoudon’tMAnAge.
Citiesoftenloseupto45%oftheirwaterinmunicipalpipes.Peoplearen’tevenawareofhowmuchwatertheyuse–orlose.Exist-ingmetersareexpensive(and,itmustbeadded,oftenresisted–watershouldbefree,right?)
Answer -agreatnewmeterthatclampsrightontopipesandinexpensivelypro-videsinformationaboutwaterflow.WithEveryDropCountsUlrikSvenningsenoftheUmeaInstituteofDesign,Sweden,hascomeupwithagreatidea(weneedthisyesterdayalready!),andtherearemoreinthebook(andbytheway,watershouldbefreeonlyifyoudon’tmindthatthesystemwon’tbemaintainedorrunforverylongorverywell).
iFYou’renotAWAre,Youdon’tcAre.
Peoplewon’tchangetheirbehaviorunlesstheyknowtheycanmakeadifference.
Answer - putinformationoneverydrink-ingglassabouthowmuchwaterittakes.Whileyou’reatit,putalinearoundeverybottle1/3ofthewayuptoshowhowmuchpetroleumittakestobottle,manufacture,transport,reclaim,andrecycleit.SeehowIgorCarlioftheArtsAcademyUniversityofSplit,Croatia,proposedtodothisinSavetheRiverJadro.
YoucAndieoFthirstWhendroWninginWAter.
oneofthemajorproblemsduringafloodisgettingsafedrinkingwatertopeople.
Answer -whenlifesavingdevicesarethrowntopeople,putinadrinkingwatercomponent.Usenewreverseosmosistechniquesinflood(orany)refugeecampsituationtocreatedrinkingwaterfrombrackishwater.CheckoutRescueBottle,anideafromCerenBagataroftheUmeaInstituteofDesign,Sweden.AndlookatthegreatideaofsWellfromAlainaProkopchukoftheUniversityofManitoba,Canada.
‘WhAt’stheissue?WhYthisdooMAndglooMAndcAutionArYstuFF?
doesn’titrAinAnYMore?Yesitdoes,AndWe’VegotAboutthesAMeAMount
oFWAterAsthedinosAurshAdWhentheYroAMed.butthecoMbinAtionoF
populAtiongroWth,prosperitY(WeAllWAntMoreoFeVerYthing),And
pollution(WeruinWAter)MeAnsthAtWeAreusingMoreWAterthAnis
replAcedbYrAinFAllinFArtooMAnYpArtsoFtheWorld.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture13
Asolar-powered,mobile,inflatablefiltrationunitthatfiltersgrayfloodwaterintofreshpotablewaterwhiledoublingasaliferaftinfloodconditions.
YouneedWAterForliFe,butdirtYWAterKills.
Thesinglelargestcauseofdeathinmajorareasoftheworldiswater-relateddiseases–notjustcholeraanddiarrhea,butalsomalaria,trachoma(eyesightlossresultingfromlackoffacewashing),andonandon.
Answer - Point-of-usewaterpurification.Simplesystemscanbedesignedthatuseavarietyofbarriers,forexample,sand,seashells,membranes–someverylowcost–tocleanwatertodrinkingstandard.Thehistoryofthesedevicesshowstheywork,butpersistenceandpatienceandlongin-volvementareneededtointroducetheiruse.TakealookattheVhembeFilterde-signedbyMartinBoltonoftheUniversityofJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.
iFYouWAntpoliticAlWilltocreAtechAnge,bettercreAtepoliticAlWill.
Politicalleaderscannotontheirownsolvethedifficultpoliticalproblemsofwater
management–stoppingpollution,findingmorewaterforagriculture,financingrepairstocitypipes,etc.Theyneedtobelievetheyaresupportedinthesetoughdecisions.
Answers -floodthestreetswithT-shirtmes-sages,putupstatuesandbillboardsshowingwateruse,createzippyblogsandvideosthatwillgetpassedaround,Twitter,startapost-cardcampaign,writeletters,setuptwinningarrangements–anddozensmore.
MAxiMizeWAteruse:Morecropperdrop,MoreJobsperdrop.
Wecan’tgiveupeating(althoughadoptingtheveggiehabitatleastacoupleofdaysperweekwouldhelpalot),sowemustgetmoreoutofthewaterweuse.Zero-tillagriculturehelpsconservemoisture,anddripirrigationisagoodpartoftheanswer,BUTmassivechangeinthesedirectionsisnotsupportedbycurrentincentives–taxesandsubsidies–inagriculture.
Answers -ourprizewinnercameupwithaningenioussystemforvegetablegardensthatcombinestheprotectionofzerotillwiththewatersavingandchannellingofsomedripsystems–andofcourse,usesrecycledmaterials.BravofortheVeggiePatchbyJoSzczepanskaofMonashUniversity,Australia.
it’sAbeAutiFulWorld...
andlet’skeepitthatway,butdoitinwaysthatsavewaterinsteadofwastingit.Asmuchas60%oftheLosAngeleswatersupplygoestolawnsandlandscapes?Wow.
Answers -manyofthecontestantsandprizewinnerscameupwithentirecam-paignstoredesignurbangardens,boule-vards,andcitieswithclimate-appropriateplants–andjob-creatingservicestomakethetransitionandtakecareofthem.‘Byebyelawns,hellohappiness!’LookattheimaginationinvolvedinRethinkYourGreen,fromManuelGarcia,EileenHsu,PouyaJahanshahi,MasatoNakada,MichellePark,andMaeceSeirafi-NajarofCaliforniaInstituteoftheArts(CalArts),Valencia,California,UnitedStates.
Theproblemisrightnow.Wearealreadytakingtoomuchwateroutof70majorriversystems.Theirdeltas–andallthefish,plants,protection,andeconomicactivitiesinvolvedindeltas–areatseriousrisk.
Wemustdesigndifferentfutures.Therearegoodthingswecando.Thesedesignershaverevealedpartofthepathwaytowardadifferentwaterfuture.
14designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘desiGneRs woRk at HuMan scale. foR a desiGneR, tHe oBliGation to Make life BetteR witH woRkaBle, tanGiBle solutions is iMMediate, PeRsonal, and diRect.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture15
i.dAndelionseeds
SittingonmydeskinNewYorkareproto-typesoftwodevicesthatmakecontaminatedwatersafetodrink.Forfloodvictimsorpeo-pleinarefugeecamp,theyarehopemadevisible.Badwater–waterthatcontainsin-dustrialpollutantsorparasitesorbacterialikeE.coli–isresponsibleforhalfofallhospitalizationsworldwideandfivemilliondeathsayear.oneofthedevicesisbusiness-likebrushedmetalwithblackplasticinserts,somethinglikeacommutercoffeecup.Theotherlookslikeatoyrocketship,standingoncheerfulgreenplasticfins.Bothcanbemadecheaply,bythemillions,anddeliveredfast;afloodwon’twaitforyoutobuildawater-treatmentfacility.Neitheroneneedsanowner’smanualtouse.Inbothsolutions,badwatergoesin,goodwatercomesout.
Simple.Nottomentionneeded,personal,fastandcheap-as-possible.Whenyouhavedesignattributeslikethat,‘scalable’takescareofitself.
Whatmakestheprototypesonmydeskun-usualisthattheywereproducedbystudents.Theonlyspecwasthattheirsolutionhadtoaddresstheworld’swatercrisisinamean-ingfulway.Itwasuptothestudentstofindtheirownproblemtosolve.Twoteams,fromSwedenandSouthAfrica,chosede-contamination.otherfinalistsinourdesignchallengechoseotherproblems.GettingcitizensofLosAngelestogiveuptheirti-tanicallywater-wastinghabitofrich,thick,greenlawnswasone.Ittakessomenervetogetawholecitytochangebehavior.Butstudents,well…they’reupforit.
Willthisprojectsucceed?Icertainlyhopeso.NobelprizewinnerLinusPaulingusedtosaythatthebestwaytohaveagoodideawastohavelotsofideas.Industrial-scaleinnovationlimitsyouroptions.Thebiggerthebet,themoreconservativeanyorgani-zationisgoingtobe.ontheotherhand,thousandsofundirected,small-scale,fastideasarealmostcertaintogeneratehundredsofpracticalsolutionsthatweren’tthere
hopeMAdeVisible:
bYbriAncollinschAirMAnAndchieFcreAtiVeoFFicercollins:
16designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
before.oneoftheseideas,Ibet,Ihope,willbethedandelionseedsofnewfuturesforpeople.
ii.intotheWilderness
Innovationdoesn’tpopoutattheendofacorporatePowerPointpresentation.Inno-vationispersonal.Ithappensattheextrememarginsofenterprise,wherenooneknowswhattheexactproblemsarebecausethemapsareblank.Sendadesigneroutthereandshe’llcomebackwithsomethingnobody’severseen,aprototypethatfulfillsaneedyoudidn’tevenknowexisted.
Youneverreallyknowwhat’soutthere.That’swhat’swrongwithhiring‘problemsolvers’–adefinitionfordesignersascripplingasitisoutdated.Thegreatproblems,theonesreallyworthsolving,aren’talreadyontheagenda.Innovationispersonal:ifweareopen,curious,andempathetic,thegreatproblemswillfindus.
Thewaterproblempickedmein2007,al-thoughIdidn’tknowitatthetime.JohnBielenberghadinvitedmetogodowntoGreensboro,Alabama,withhisremarkableprogramProjectM.ProjectMislikeaself-
guidedoutwardBoundcourseforsociallyconsciousdesigners.EveryyearProjectMparachutesateamofyoungdesignersintoapoororchallengedareaandleavesthemontheirowntodiscoveraproblemthattheycansolveinamonthorso.Nobodytellsthemwhattodo,orevenwhattheproblemis.Theylivewithlocalfamilies,lookaround,talktopeople,andfindsomethingtheycanputtheirhandtothatwilldosomegood.Theybecomeproblem‘seekers'.
InHaleCountywediscoveredthatonefamilyinfourhadnoaccesstosafewater.SomeofthemweregoingtothelocalTexacostationwithbucketsbecausetheirwaterathomewasfulloffoulwastefromthecounty’sbiggestemployer,acatfishfarm.Athousandfamiliescouldn’tgetcitywaterbecausetheycouldn’taffordthe$425hook-upforawatermeter.Get-tingthesepeoplemeterswaswhatthedesignersdecidedtodo.Theycreatedcommunicationsandawebsitetobringnationalattention–andmoneyformeters–toHaleCounty.Gotobuyameter.organdyoucanseehowtheproject’sdoing.They’veconnectedover100familiessofar.That’snotabadmonth’sworkforabrandnewdesignteam.
AftermyexperienceinAlabama,Istartedseeingwatercriseseverywhere.HalfofChina’scitieshavewatershortagesand700millionpeopledrinkcontaminatedwatereveryday.TheWorldBankcalculatesthat30millionpeoplewillhavetorelocateby2020,30million‘waterrefugees.’InMexico’sTehuacánValley,wherehumansfirstdomes-ticatedcorn,thereisnolongerenoughwatertogrowcorn.InruralAfrica,onewomaninfivespendstwohoursadayfetchingwateronfootfromwellsmilesaway.ThereareHaleCountieseverywhere.
iii.inspiredindAVos
FormerNASAastronautJerryLinengerandIsharedsomeofthesewaterstoriesattheWorldEconomicForuminDavos.FourmonthsinorbitaboardMir,lookingdownatEarth’sshrinkingriversystemshadmadeJerryawaterhawk,too.Waterwasn’tattheverytopoftheagendainDavos,butitquicklyemergedastheaxisthatconnectsmanyoftheotherproblemsthatwere.Byitself,thelackofsafewaterunleashesallfourhorsemenoftheapocalypse:death,famine,pestilence,andwar.Infact,theU.N.predictedoutrightconflictoverwaterinthenextfiveyears.
‘WithinAsinglegenerAtionoFdesigners,
thecostoFcreAtinginnoVAtiVesolutionsFor
sMAllgroupsoFpeoplehAsbecoMeAlMost
triViAl.noWeVerYdesignercAnbeAFActorY
WheretheFutureisMAde.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture17
SoJerryandIinvitedagroupofglobalthoughtleaderstoexplorethisissueinaquicklyorganizedworksessionatDavos.Theyalreadyknewtheglobalto-dolistwasprettyfull.Weneededtocomeupwithourownresourcestoputmoreeffortagainstthesewatercrises.DesignstudentsareoneofEarth’sabundantresources,sowesetouttoengagethem.Workinginpartner-shipwithINDEX:DesigntoImproveLife,theAIGAandtheorganizationCircleofBlue,wedecidedtoinvite10,000ofthemfromaroundtheworldtoparticipateinTheAspenDesignChallenge:DesigningWater’sFuture.
Thesestudentswouldbeourdandelionseeds.Asitturnedout,morethan700studentsfrom28countriesprovided225watersolutionsthatweren’ttherebefore.ThebestofthemwillbeshapedforventurecapitalandpresentedattheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinCopenhagen.Nowthattheseprototypesexist,it’stimetoworkwithourgiftedPowerPointfriendstodowhattheycantounleashthemightywheelsofenterprisethatreplicateanddistributeinnovationsatscale.Becauseweneedtogetsolutionsliketheseoutandintotheworld.Andfast.
iV.AnArchitectureoFpArticipAtion
Designersworkathumanscale.Foradesign-er,theobligationtomakelifebetterwithworkable,tangiblesolutionsisimmediate,personal,anddirect.Andwhileinstitutionsareverygoodatmakinglotsmoreofsome-thingthatalreadyexists,theyarenotasgoodatinventingthenew.
Institutionalactionandbigmoneyarebluntinstrumentsthatcandoasmuchdamageasgoodbyvirtueofscalealone.Heroicwatermanagementprojects–likedams–rarelybenefitthepeoplethey’remeanttohelp,becausethelocalcommunitiesgetmovedsomewhereelseandthebigreturnsusuallygosomewhereelse,too.Beforeitimploded,Enronwasgoingtosolvetheworld’swaterproblemsbycreatingtradingdesks.Theywereseekingtomonetizehydration.
EffortslikeProjectMandtheINDEX:|AIGAAspenChallengearecreatinganarchitectureofparticipationoutsideofthesekindsofsilos.overthelastnineyears,ProjectMalumnihaveemergedasoneofanincreasingnumberofinfluentialnetworksofdesignersthatwanttomakeatangibledifferenceinpeople’s
lives.Asadiscipline,designisnowtrans-cendingthetraditional‘service’rolesoftheinstitutionsthatemployus.Asdesigners,howshouldwebestuseournew-foundpowersandinfluence?
Thefirstofsomethingusedtobehideouslyexpensive;therehadtobeamassmarkettoearnbackdevelopmentcosts.Thisisstilltruefornewdrugsandairliners,butnotformostoftheotherthingspeopleuseintheirdailylives.Inshort,rapidprototypingsys-temshavetransformedthedesigner’srole.WecanmoveoutoftheConceptbusinessandintothereal-worldSolutionsbusinessfasterthanwehadeverimagined.
Withinasinglegenerationofdesigners,thecostofcreatinginnovativesolutionsforsmallgroupsofpeoplehasbecomealmosttrivial.Noweverydesignercanbeafactorywherethefutureismade.
Whatwecansee,wecansolve.
Andwe’llallseealotmorefarbeyondourofficewalls.
‘innoVAtiondoesn’tpopoutAttheendoFAcorporAte
poWerpointpresentAtion.innoVAtionispersonAl.ithAppens
AttheextreMeMArginsoFenterprise,WherenooneKnoWs
WhAttheexActprobleMsArebecAusetheMApsAreblAnK.
sendAdesigneroutthereAndshe’llcoMebAcKWith
soMethingnobodY’seVerseen,AprototYpethAtFulFills
AneedYoudidn’teVenKnoWexisted.’
18designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
tHe finalists
Winner:VeggiepAtch
Jo szczePanska:MonasH univeRsityaustRalia
sAVetheriVerJAdro
iGoR caRli :tHe aRts acadeMy univeRsity of sPlitcRoatia
VheMbeFilter
MaRtin Bolton:univeRsity of JoHannesBuRGsoutH afRica
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture19
rethinKYourgreen
Manuel GaRciaeileen HsuPouya JaHansHaHiMasato nakadaMicHelle PaRk Maece seiRafi-naJaR :califoRnia institute of tHe aRts (calaRts)califoRnia, united states
eVerYdropcounts
ulRik svenninGsen :uMea institute of desiGnsweden
rescuebottle
ceRen BaGataR:uMea institute of desiGnsweden
20designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘... you can’t tuRn on tHe tv witHout seeinG wateR waRninGs oR stoP at tRaffic liGHts witHout seeinG tHe daM levels in BiG neon liGHt. tHe Reality Has veRy MucH set in HeRe; we Just don’t Have enouGH wateR to waste.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture21
VeggiepAtch:
design:JoszczepAnsKA,MonAshuniVersitY,AustrAliA
proJectAdVisor:selbYcoxon
lArgercities,greAterurbAnpopulAtions
Atthebeginningofthe21stcentury,hu-manityisinvolvedinanunparalleledexperiment:weareturningourselvesintoanurbanspecies.Wearebuildingmegacitiesandmetropolisesthelikesofwhichhaveneverbeenseenbefore;andtheseplacesarebecomingourmainhabitat.Urbangrowthischangingthefaceoftheearthandtheconditionofhumanity.
Ascitiesdevelop,manypeoplefromruralareaschoosetomigrateintocities,creatingincreasedpovertywithinmetropolitanareas;povertyisnowgrowingfasterinurbanthaninruralareas.Currently,onebillionpeopleliveinurbanslums,whicharetypicallyover-crowded,polluted,anddangerous,andlackbasicservicessuchascleanwaterandsanitation.
Itisknownthatcitiesnowadaysareusingtoomanynaturalresourcesandproduce
toomuchwaste.Itisestimatedthatcitiesareresponsiblefor75%ofglobalenergyconsumptionand80%ofgreenhousegasemissions.Urbanecologicalfootprintsaredestroyingthehabitatofmanyspecies,butthisimpactstretchesfarbeyondphys-icalboundaries.
disconnectionbetWeenpeopleAndtheirFood
Inthepast,therehasbeenadirectlinkbe-tweenpeopleandtheirfood;familiesgrewtheirownfoodathomeorincommunityplotsorgardens,andinmanycases,whattheygrewintheirgardenssupplementedtheirdiet,givingthemandtheircommunityeasyaccesstoaffordable,fresh,healthyfood.
Fruitsandvegetablesareanimportantcom-ponentofahealthydietand,ifconsumeddailyinsufficientamounts,couldhelppreventmajordiseasessuchasCVDsandcertaincancers.AccordingtotheWorldHealthRe-portin2002,lowfruitandvegetableintake
22designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
isestimatedtocauseabout31%ofischemicheartdiseaseand11%ofstrokesworldwide.overall,itisestimatedthatupto2.7millionlivescouldbesavedeachyeariffruitandvegetableconsumptionwassufficientlyin-creased.However,inthecurrenteconomicclimate,freshproducemaybecomeinac-cessiblefinancially,asfoodpricesareexpectedtoincrease.
Howevertodaytherearequiteafewdisrup-tionsinthefoodsupplychains.oftenfoodisfactoryfarmedinremotelocations,pickedpriortoripening,frozenandtransportedmanykilometrestoasupermarkettobesold.
Localknowledgeonfoodcultivation,andevencookingwithrawingredients,issome-thingthathasbeenlostinmanycities.Formanychildrenwhohavegrownuponpre-packaged,heat-and-servemeals,theimpor-tanceoffreshfoodhasnotbeennurtured.Recently,thoughtherecognitionoftheem-bodiedenergysurroundingfoodtranspor-tationandpackaging,aswellasanincreasedpreferencefororganic,non-geneticallymodifiedfood,digforvictory,orgrowingfoodathomehasmadeareturn.
nAtureincities/urbAnAgriculture
Therapiddevelopmentofhousingandbusinessdistrictswithincitiesoverthe
pastcenturyhasoftencomeattheexpenseofnature.Withlessspacebeingdedicatedtonatureincities,residentsmustoftenbecomeresourcefulincreatinggardens.
Currently,800millionpeopleareinvolvedinurbanagricultureworldwideandcontributetofeedingurbanresidents.Amongitsmanybenefits,urbanagriculturehelpstoreduceacity’secologicalfootprintevenasthecitycontinuestoexpand.Italsoincreaseslocalbiodiversityandencouragesthedevelopmentofnewecosystems,and,microclimates.Cou-pledwithanimprovementinurbanenvi-ronmentistheoverallimprovementoftheurbanpopulation;amorelivablecityisahealthiercity.
Notonlydoesurbanagricultureimproveaccesstofreshproduceandprovidesapoten-tialincomestreamforpeopleindevelopingcountries,butstudiesindevelopedcountrieshavefoundthathavingaccesstogreeneryinacityconsiderablyreducesstress;thisphe-nomenaisoftentaggedastoasvitaminG.
WAsteFuluseoFWAterinAgriculture
Throughouttheworld,irrigationisafun-damentaluseofwater,allowingpeopletoproducefoodandsustaincommunities.Inmostcountries,irrigatedagricultureaccountsformostfreshwateruse(asmuchas70-80%);
itcertainlyaccountsforfarmorethandrink-ingwateranddomesticconsumption.By2020,wateruseisexpectedtoincreaseby40%,and17%morewaterwillberequiredforfoodproductioninordertomeettheneedsofthegrowingpopulation.
highFoodWAstegenerAtionAndcoMposting
Becauseoftheirhighpopulationdensity,citiesgeneratealotofwaste,whichisoftenfoodandplantmatterthatcouldeasilybecompostedratherthansenttoalandfill.onaverage,foodwasteismorethan50%water,whichisreleasedduringdecompo-sition.Also,organicmaterialfrequentlydecomposeswithoutairinlandfills,andproducesmethane,agasthathasbeenshowntocontributetoclimatechange.InAustraliaforexample,24milliontonsofwastearegeneratedannually,40%ofwhichiscompostable.Australiaisalsoaprimeexampleofwastefulconsumerism;currentlyitis2ndintheworldforwastegeneration.ItisestimatedthatAustraliansthrowout$5.3billionworthoffood,anditcoststhecountry$4billiontotakedisposeofthatwaste.Inmanycountries,recyclingprogramsarebeingimplementedinanef-forttoreducewastegoingtolandfills;notmanyaretargetingcompostablewasteatthisstage.
i WANT CHEAP, NUTRiTiOUS FOOD FOR MY FAMiLY
i WANT AN EASiER WAY TO gARDEN
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture23
VerMicoMposting1 Tieoffbaseusingstraps.2 Makeabeddingusingnewspaperorcoir.3 Putinyourworms+abitofsoil.4 Feedyourworms.(startsmall)5 Coveryourcompost.
plAnting1 Readyourseeddisk.2 Tieoffpocketatappropriatedepth.3 Putinyoursoilanddisk.4 Coverdiskwith2-3cmofsoil5 Adjustirrigationtosuitplant+water.
VeggiepAtch(perspectiVeVieW)1 Dripirrigation.2 Plantingandcompostingpockets
1
2
5
3
4
3
1
2
5
4
2
1
You’ll Use
Less EnergyLess Packaging
Less WaterNo Chemicals
Recycled MaterialsWorms
You’ll get
Fresh, cheap, tasty foodNo chemical contaminationGentle, healthy exerciseA closed food waste cycleJob satisfactionEnvironmental peace of mind
You’ll Use
Less EnergyLess Packaging
Less WaterNo Chemicals
Recycled MaterialsWorms
You’ll get
Fresh, cheap, tasty foodNo chemical contaminationGentle, healthy exerciseA closed food waste cycleJob satisfactionEnvironmental peace of mind
You’ll Use
Less EnergyLess Packaging
Less WaterNo Chemicals
Recycled MaterialsWorms
You’ll get
Fresh, cheap, tasty foodNo chemical contaminationGentle, healthy exerciseA closed food waste cycleJob satisfactionEnvironmental peace of mind
You’ll Use
Less EnergyLess Packaging
Less WaterNo Chemicals
Recycled MaterialsWorms
You’ll get
Fresh, cheap, tasty foodNo chemical contaminationGentle, healthy exerciseA closed food waste cycleJob satisfactionEnvironmental peace of mind
You’ll Use
Less EnergyLess Packaging
Less WaterNo Chemicals
Recycled MaterialsWorms
You’ll get
Fresh, cheap, tasty foodNo chemical contaminationGentle, healthy exerciseA closed food waste cycleJob satisfactionEnvironmental peace of mind
24designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
VeggiepAtchproVidesediblelAndscApesForurbAnspAces
Usingrecycledmaterials,irrigationtech-nology,andpermacultureprinciplesallowsclimate-concernedcitydwellerstoexperi-encethepleasureofcultivatingfoodinspace-restrictedurbanareaswhileelimi-natingfoodmiles,packaging,processing,andwastewaterusedinfloodirrigationatthebeginningofthefoodproductioncycle.Issuessuchasgreenhousegasemissions,theneedforlandfills,andfoodwastetrans-portationareaddressedbyVeggiePatch,whichallowsforaplug-and-playapproachtofoodcultivationandcomposting.Beingadaptabletoitssurroundingsandcapableofwateringitself,VeggiePatchaidsurbanresidentsinreducingtheireco-footprints.
irrigAtion
Usingdripirrigationthatcanbeadjustedandfittedclosetoaplant'srootstructure,VeggiePatchiswater-efficientandecono-mical,usingfreshwaterorfilteredgreywatertoirrigateplants.Theslowrateofwaterflowallowsallofthewatertobeabsorbedbythesoil,and,inawell-tunedsystem,littlewateriswastedviaexcessivewateruseandevaporation.Thisirrigationmethodiscompressionmoldedintothetopsheet,makingitfunctionalatanylengthandeasilyrecyclable.
onceplantsareestablished,wateringfor5to15minutes,twiceperweekshouldbeenoughtomaintainthem.Adjustabledripemittersgenerallyhavearangeof0-30litersperhour.Inameter-longVeggiePatchwith15cultivationpockets,wateringatarateof5litersperhectarefor10minuteswilluseatotalof12.5litersofwater,whichismorethansufficientformostvegetables.Thistypeofirrigationusesmuchless
waterthanthefloodirrigationthatismostcommonlypracticedinAustralianlarge-scaleagriculture.Thisisequivalenttoaleak-ingtapthatdripsoncepersecond,whichwillwaste30litersoffreshwaterdaily.oldertoiletsuseupto18litersofwaterforeachflush,withtheaveragesingleflushtoiletusing12litersofwater.
VerMicoMposting
VeggiePatchhasthecapabilitytocontinuous-lyvermicompostfoodwastewithineachofitspockets,closingtheloopinthefoodcycle.Foodandgardenwasteinlandfillsproducemethanegas.Methaneisa23timesmorepotentgreenhousegasthanCo2.Sendinggreenwastetolandfillisalsoawasteofgoodnutrientsthatcouldgoonthegardenorplantstohelpthemgrow.Foodthatissenttolandfillsalsoreleasesalotofwaterthat,whencombinedwithrainwater,canpolluteneighboringgroundwater,lakes,andrivers.
MAteriAls
Usingpost-consumerwastesuchastyrecrumbfabricforitsconstruction,VeggiePatchprovidesanewapplicationforrecycledma-terials.Thematerialsthatwereselectednotonlysupporttheproductsfunctionalityandeconomicviability,butalsofinaldisassem-blyandrecycling.FSC-certifiedplywoodhasbeenspecifiedfortheVeggiePatchbase,mak-ingitstrongandrelativelylightweight.Spec-ifyingFSCtimbermeansthatVeggiePatchsupportsthegrowthofresponsibleforestmanagementworldwide.
Tyrecrumbfabricwillmakethecultiva-tionsheetpredominantlyofwaste;theuseofrecycledrubbermakesitwater-proofandweatherresistant,flexible,durable,insulated,non-stick,andantibacterial.Italsoallowstheirrigationtobesewnon,
sothatitcanbefullyrecycledattheendofitslifecycle.
sustAinAbilitY
Undercurrentplans,VeggiePatchaimstobeproducedlocallyatitspointofsale.ThiswillallowVeggiePatchestoadapttotheirenvironmentandmakeuseoftheresourcesthatarewidelyavailableformanufacture.Itwillalsobeabletosustainthelocalcom-munity,supportethicalmanufacturersintheregion,andengagethepublic.
FeAsibilitY
VeggiePatchhasmultipleapplications,suchasusebyclimate-consciousresidentsindevelopedcountriesandboostingfoodproductionandtheeconomiesofpoorerones.
Thisproductaddressestheissueofclimatechangeonagrassrootslevel,yethasthepotentialtobeimplementedonalargerscale.VeggiePatchisaholisticproductthataddressesenvironmentalissues,whilesup-portingitscommunity,andothersustain-ableproductsandmaterials.Astheworldbecomesmoreurban,wewillneedtoadaptourlifestylestobemoreself-sufficient,andtousethenutrientsthatareaccumulatinginthewastethatwegenerate.Wewillhavetotakeadvantageofthespacethatisavailabletousandincorporatemoregreenery.Urbanagriculture,whichwasfoundedonsubsist-encepurposes,hasmanyadditionalsocial,economic,andecologicalbenefits.Urbanagriculturemakesanimportantcontri-butiontocitiesofthefuture;VeggiePatchisapartofthatcontribution.
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture25
cAsestudYdigForVictorY,britAin
DuringWorldWarII,governmentsaroundtheworldintroducedsimilarcampaignstotheBritish‘Digforvictory’campaignthatcalledforeverymanandwomaninBritaintokeepanallotmentofwater.‘Digforvictory’wasawidelysuccessfulcampaign,exceedingallexpectations.Between1939and1945,foodimportswerehalvedandtheacreageofBritishlandusedforfoodproductionin-creasedby80%.Itwasestimatedthatover1.4millionpeoplehadallotmentsby1945.Thisnotonlyconnectedpeoplewiththeirfood,butmadethemmoreself-sufficient.
cAsestudYMuMbAi,indiA
Accordingtoa2004estimate,thepop-ulationofmetropolitanMumbaiwasapproximately17million;everyyear,thecityreceivesover250,000rural-to-urbanmigrants.Mumbaicouldbetheworld’smostpopulouscityby2020,withanestimated28.5millionpeople.
‘With this sizeable number of people, resources are getting increasingly scarce. Buildings are getting taller, with no care for where water and space, children’s playgrounds and parking areas will come from.’–Gopalkrishnan,P.
cAsestudYVictoriA,AustrAliA
onaverage,Australiagetsanaverageof472mmofrainayear,whichiswhy70%ofthecontinentisclassifiedasdesert.Presently,65%ofthefreshwaterusedinAustraliaisusedinagriculture;ofthis,91%isusedtoirrigatecrops.ThemostcommonformofirrigationinAustraliaisfloodirri-gation,whichistheleastefficientformofirrigatingcropsbecausetheprocessentailsoversaturatingcropswithwaterthatismostlylosttoevaporation.
26designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘in 99% of swedisH aPaRtMent BuildinGs tHe wateR is MeasuRed and deBited foR tHe wHole BuildinG - not foR tHe individual HouseHold. tHis Means tHat PeoPle Have no individual incentive to save wateR.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture27
chAngingbehAViorinsWeden
SwedenhasplentyofcleanfreshwatersotheSwedesusealotofit,myideawastocompeltoachangeofbehaviorwherewaterisstillabundant,becauseifitcanworkhereitcanworkanywhere.
ImagineallEuropeancitiescuttingtheirwaterconsumptiondownby20percentwithinafewyears.TheEveryDropCountsmeterisaimingforjustthat.Basedoncostallocationtechnologythathasproventosavebetween20and30percentofheatingconsumptionwhereapplied,combinedwithaknownmethodfordetectingwaterleak-agesthisnewconceptforwatermeteringhasahostofadvantagesovertraditionalwatermeters.
∙ Clampsontothepipe (doesnotinterferewiththesystem)∙ Automaticrelayofdata∙ Inexpensivecomponents (lowcostperunit)
∙ Easycosteffectiveinstalling∙ Detacheddisplayshowshowmuch wateryouusewhereyouuseit,and tellsthetapwatertemperature.EveryDropCountsisaproposalonhowtosolveaknownandacknowledgedproblemthatuntilnowhasbeentooexpensivetosolve.
IwaslookingintowaterconsumptioninSwedishhouseholdsandfoundoutthatin99%ofSwedishapartmentbuildingsthewaterismeasuredanddebitedforthewholebuilding-notfortheindividualhousehold.
ThismeansthatmorethanhalfSweden’spopulationwholiveinapartmentbuildingshavenoindividualincentivetosavewater.Ifyouareconsciousaboutyourwatercon-sumptionthereisnowayoftellinghowmuchwateryouactuallyuseandifyoumakeanefforttosavewateryouenduppayingthesameasyourneighbourwhospendshoursintheshower.
eVerYdropcounts:
design:ulriKsVenningsen,uMeAinstituteoFdesignsWeden
proJectAdVisor:peterAVondoglio
28designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
Asimpledisplaycanbeassignedtotheindividualmeterslocally,sothewaterconsumptioncanbequantifiedwhereandwhenithappensforinstanceintheshower.
Formoredetailedinformationauserac-countgivesaccesstostatisticsaboutthehousehold’swaterconsumption,makingiteasytoseewherewatercouldbesaved.
coMponents1 Microphone2 Roomthermometer3 Transmitter4 controller5 Battery6 Pipethermometer
Waterflowchangesthesoundandtempera-tureofthepipe,thiscanbemeasuredwithinexpensivecomponentsfromtheoutsideofthepipe.Thismakesbothequipmentandinstallationaffordableenoughtobeimple-mentedinordinaryhouseholds.
Withthissystemallusersknowhowmuchtheyuse,andpayonlyforwhattheyget.
1
2
3
4
5
6
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture29
30designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘i Had always Been woRRied aBout GloBal waRMinG, wateR consuMPtion and deseRtification PRoBleMs, But i Had neveR tHouGHt aBout wateR cRisis in an eMeRGency situation sucH as a flood condition.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture31
Theincreaseinworldpopulation,industri-alizationandurbanizationbringoutseriousenvironmentalproblems.Besidethescarcityoffreshwater,theworldisfacingaclimatechangeproblemandeveryyearitstruggleswithseriousfloodsandhurricanes.
Thefloodconditionisadifferentkindofproblemareawherethereisplentyofwatersources,butalliscontaminatedandhaz-ardousforhumanconsumption.Dependingonitslocation,floodwatermightmixwithchemicals,toxins,septicandanimalcar-casses.Italsomixeswithandcontaminatessurfacewater,groundwateranddrinkingwatersupplies.Thereforeflood-hitpeopleindevelopingcountriesareunderriskofseriousdiarrhealdiseasesandtheyneedimmediatesafewaterassistance.
RescueBottleisdesignedtobeusedbyflood-hitpeopletoobtainafastemergencyrescuedrinkunderfloodconditions.Itisawaterpurifieranddioralytesupplierthatisusedtoreplacebodyfluidslostinemer-gencysituationsunderfloodconditions.Itfilterscontaminatedwaterthroughareverseosmosismembraneusingtheosmoticpres-sureofadrawsolution,whichismadeof
concentrateddioralytemixedwithbasicnutrients.Thefinalmixeddrinkisbasicallyamixtureoffilteredpurewateranddioralytemixedwithessentialnutrientsthatisneededbyflood-hitkidsandadultsinordertorecovertheirlostofbodyfluidsandtreatdiarrhoea.
Therescuebottleconsistsofareverseos-mosismembrane,aconcentratedsolutionrefill,a500mlcapacityemptyliquidcon-tainerandamouthpiece.Thereverseos-mosismembranefiltersbrackishwaterintopurewaterusingthedrivingforceofhighlyconcentrateddioralytesolution.Theconcentratedsolutionrefillisfilledinwithahighlyconcentratedsolutionofdioralytemixedwithbasicnutrientsthatisenoughtoget15timesof500mlofmixeddrink.Theemptycontainerisfilledinwiththemixtureofpurewateranddioralyteandusedwithamouthpiecethatenablesmulti-userusageinreliefcampsandothercommunityareas.Rescuebottlescanbeusedinfloodreliefcamps,orgivenawaytocommunitieswithmultiplemouthpieceswithacostofbetween$20–50.Theycanalsobestationedinthefloodwaterinareaswherecompletedisastermanagementservicescannotreach.
rescuebottle:
design:cerenbAgAtAr,uMeåinstituteoFdesign,sWeden
proJectAdVisor:peterAVondoglio
Inflooddisastersthereisanurgentneedofcleanwatersupplythatshouldbeob-tainedeasily.RescueBottlefilterswaterwiththehelpofahighlyconcentratedpre-madesolutionwhichdrawswatermoleculesthroughahyperfiltrationmembranefromcontaminatedwaterintothebottle.Duringthisprocessitdoesn’trequireuniquelyanysourceofenergyorphysicalforce.Attheendofthefilteringprocess,itprovidesarescuedrinkthatisamixtureofpurewater,electrolytesandnutrition.Thisrescuedrinkwillmitigatediarrhoeaandotherwaterborne-diseasesinflood-hitareas.
Eachuserwillhavehisownmouthpiece.
Rescuebottlecanbedippedinanykindofwater.
After40minutes,thedrumwillbefilledinwithrescuedrink.
onebottlewillprovide16batchesofrescuedrink.
coMponents1 Emptydrum–tobefilledwith water,electrolytesandnutrients.2 Hyperfiltrationmembrane –filterscontaminatedwater.3 Concentratedsolution–enoughto supplement16batchesofrescuedrink.
1
2
3
32designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture33
Floodconditionscreatedifferentkindsofcrises,becausethereisplentyofwatersources,butallofthemarehazardoustohumanbeings.
RescueBottleswillbedistributedtoflood-hitareasinearlystagesofflooddisasters,untilfoodandwateraidsarriveinthearea.
Theycanalsobestationedinfloodwater.RescueBottleswillbepre-positionedinfloodproneareas.Localpeopleintheseareaswillbeinstructedonhowtousetherescuebottles.
34designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘califoRnia is facinG an unPRecedented wateR cRisis. tHe coMBination of dRouGHt, couRt oRdeRed wateR RestRictions, GloBal waRMinG, and an incReasinG PoPulation Has Placed a MaJoR stRain on tHe existinG infRastRuctuRe.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture35
‘California is facing an unprecedented water crisis. The combination of drought, court ordered water restrictions, global warming, and an increasing population has placed a major strain on the existing infrastructure. We need to prepare now for the future.’–SenatorDianeFeinstein
LosAngelesisadryMediterranean-typeclimate.Localwatersourcesalonearenotsufficienttoprovidefortheenormouspopu-lationoftheregion.Muchofthewaterwedependuponcomestoourcityfromgreatdistancesandisdrawnfromrapidlydwind-lingsources.InlightofprojectedpopulationgrowthitiscrucialthatAngelenoslearntocurbwastefulwaterconsumptionhabitsbeforeitistoolate.
Thelargestsourceofurbanwaterconsump-tioninLosAngelesisoutdooruse.Bysomeestimatesasmuchas60percentofourtotalwaterusagegoestowardslandscapingandothersimilarpurposes.ThisfigurecouldbedramaticallyreducedifLosAngeleshomeownerscouldbeconvincedtoreplacetheirwater-hungry‘traditionallawns’with
drought-resistantCalifornianativegardensorothersustainablealternatives.
ourresearchrevealsthathomeownersinLosAngeleshaveavarietyofstronglyheldreasonsformaintainingatraditionallawn.Somebelievethattheyaremakinganen-vironmentallyfriendly‘green’decisionbykeepingtheirlawn.Someareconcernedwithsavinggreen,andbelievethatreplacingtheirlawnwouldbetooexpensive,otherssimplyareaccustomedtothelushgreennessofamanicuredlawn.ourcampaignasksAngelenostorethinktheirnotionof‘green’byshowingthehiddencostsofatraditionallawn(environmental,financialandaes-thetic)andthebenefitsofCalifornianativegardensandothersustainablealternatives.Moreoverourcampaignwillempowerthepublictotakeactionbyprovidingin-depthinformationandstepbystepinstructionsabouthowtomaketheswitchtomoresus-tainableandwater-wiseyards.IncontrasttothesometimeshectoringmannerofotherPSAsourcampaign’svoicewillbepositiveandupbeat.
rethinKYourgreen:
design:MAnuelgArciA,eileenhsu,pouYAJAhAnshAhi,MAsAtonAKAdA,MichellepArK&MAeceseirAFi-nAJAr,cAliForniAinstituteoFtheArts(cAlArts),VAlenciA,cAliForniA,unitedstAtes
proJectAdVisors:pAulAdAniels,JAnegAlbrAith,stephAniepincetl,JosephprichArd&louisesAndhAus
36designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
MiD 20TH CENTURYtelevisionbuildsanimageoftheidealAmericanfamily.
18TH CENTURYlawnsareimportedfrombritainasaluxuryforthewell-off.
21ST CENTURYtheAmericanlawnhasbecomeastapleofAmericanlife.embeddedintoourimageoftheAmericandream.
19TH CENTURYAmericansmoveoutWesttoalushnewlandscapeofbrownandgold.
EARLY 20TH CENTURYhollywooddramatizesthebeautyoftheAmericansouthwest.
theprobleM
LosAngeles’rapidlydepletingwaterresourcesarebeingwastedongrasslawnsinappropriatefortheregion’smediterraneanclimate.
thechAllenge
ToconvinceLosAngeleshomeownerstoreplacetheirwater-thirstytraditionallawnswithsustainablealternatives.
thesolution
TheRethinkYourGreencampaignasksAngelenostorethinktheirnotionof‘green’bybuildingawareness,invitingchange,empoweringactionthroughbuildingcommunties,andthencelebratingneweco-friendlybehavior.
TheRethinkYourGreencampaignwillmakelawnownersawareofthehiddencostsoflawnswhileintroducingthemtoamazingsustainablealternatives.
Asystemofhighlyvisual,conciseandseductivemediacomponentswillexistinpublichubsanddigitalspaces.ourfour-phasecampaignutilizesposters&bill-boards,printmedia,aswellaswebandmobiledeviceapplications.
onceourcoreaudiencehasbeenexposedtotheproblemwewillconductneighbor-hooddemonstrations,workshopsandconteststocelebratethepositivechangetheyhavemade.
40% 60%
INDOOR
OUTDOOR
46%
HAS DROPPED TO
Capacity
LAKE MEAD
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture37
38designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘By PuttinG PoweR-ful MessaGes on Glasses, PeoPle will By dRinkinG tHe wateR, find tHeMselves in tHe situation wHeRe tHey Have a diRect Relation to tHe wateR and a diRect connection to tHe PRoBleMs associated witH it.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture39
AiM
Thegoalofthisprojectistoraisecitizens’awarenessabouttheproblemoffreshwater.Wewanttheglassofwatertobecomethein-formationcarriertotheconsumer,bywhichweemphasizevariousissuesrelatedtowaterandcomparethemtopossibleproblemsinthenearfuture.Theprojectcanbeexpandedtotheglobalcommunity,andisveryflex-iblebecauseitcanbeadaptedforotherproblemsthatarerelatedtofreshwater.
opportunitY
DespitethefactthatCroatiahasoneoftherichestsuppliesoffreshwateronearth,lowawarenessandirresponsibleusageofthisrichsupplycancreateverybigchangesinthefuture.TheCroatianpopulationdoesnotusefreshwaterrationally;householdsusetripletheamountofwaterthanisnecessary(washingdishes,flushingtoilets,leakingtaps,etc).Freshwaterisusedtocleanstreets,cars,etc.;variouskindsofhazardouswaste(engineoil,usedbatteries,cartires,etc.)arethrownoutintotheenvironment,andthishazardouswasteirreversiblycon-taminatesthewatersupply.Croatiadoesnothaveasystematicorganizationtocollect
hazardouswaste;theweak,agingplumbingsystemloseshugeamountsoffreshwater.IntheSplit-Dalmatiancounty,landfillsitesarelocatedintheKarstarea,whichisveryporousandallowswatertoleakfromthedumpintothesubterraneanfreshwater.Theinterestofinvestors,notenvironmentalfactors,aretakenintoaccountwhendecid-inguponthelocationoflandfillsites.Thisbringsupanotherproblemconcerningfresh-water:concessionsoverfreshwatersources.
Freshwaterdoesnotbelongtotheentirepop-ulation;rather,itbelongstotheindividual.Followingtechnologicalprocessing,thiswaterlackscertainimportantsubstances,ispackagedsothatisattractivetocustomers,andeventhepackaginghasaharmfuleffectonourenvironment.Inthefuture,wecanexpectanincreaseinthepriceofwaterandwewillpaydearlyforwaterthatweareusingforfreetoday.
solution
ourmaingoalistoincreaseawarenessoftheproblemsthatwearefacingregardingfreshwater,andwewanttomakethispos-sibleinsmallstepsthatwillbeeasyandaccessibleforeveryone.Thefirststepis
sAVetheriVerJAdro:
design:igorcArli,ArtsAcAdeMYuniVersitYoFsplit,croAtiA
proJectAdVisor:toMislAVlerotiĆ
40designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
prevention:drinkingglasseswillbethecar-riers,withdifferentmessagesaboutprob-lemslinkedtofreshwaterprintedonthem.Wehavechosenglassesasthemostwide-spreadmediumthatconnectsthepublictothedrinkingwater.Atfirst,theywouldbeusedincoffeeshopsandrestaurantsintheSplit-DalmatianCounty,andlater,dependingonthesuccessrate,onaglobalscale.Byputtingpowerfulmessagesontheglasses,peoplewillbuythedrinkingwater,andwillfindthemselvesinthesituationwheretheyhaveadirectrelationtothewateraswellastotheproblemsassociatedwiththatwater.Bydrinkingthewater,peoplewillfindoutexactlyhowmuchtheydependonwaterforlife;confrontedwiththeprobleminthisway,theconsumerbecomesinterestedinfurtherinformation,whichhecanfindthroughthewebsitesthatareprintedontheglass.Eventhoughweliveinthetechnologyage,manypeoplestilldonotusetheInternet,soinadditiontothewebsiteaddresses(dependingonmaterialpossibilities)wewouldchooseothermedia(e.g.,newspapers,televisioncommercials,leaflets,billboardposters,etc)toinform
peopleabouttheproblemswithfreshwater.Informingthepublicandmakingthemawareofthefreshwaterproblemwillcon-tributetoagradualchangeinhabitsofac-cessingwaterandinturn,willstrengthentheunderstandingthatourfuturedependsonthefutureoffreshwater.
coMpetitiVeoriginAlitY
Theprojectisimplementedthroughglass-es,whicharethemostcommonmediumbetweenpeopleandwater.Itispreciselytheseglassesthatmaketheprojectsosim-plebecausethemessagesonthemareeasi-lyapplicableandrequireminimumfinancialinvestment.Also,thesemessagescanbeadaptedtodifferentissuesandcanbewrit-teninanylanguage.Besidesthemessagesontheglasses,therearewebsiteaddressesforanyonewhowantstobecomemoreawareofthesituation.Wewanttheglassestoen-couragecommunicationbetweenpeoplesothatthetopicbecomesincludedinallaspectsofourlives.Theflexibilityofthisprojectliesinthefactthatglassescanbeimplementedinallcoffeeshopsandres-
taurants,aswellasothervenues.Theycanalsobedistributedeasily,whichiswhythisprojectcanbeimplementedonaglobalscale.Messagesprintedontheglassescanbetransferredtoothermediums,suchascoasters,napkins,etc.Theuniquenessofthisprojectisthattheglobalproblemwillbedealtwithonalocalscaleand,inthenearfuture,willfosteraglobalsolutionforaglobalproblem.
FeAsibilitY
Thisprojectcansucceedbecauseitdoesnotrequireagreatdealoffinancialinvest-mentorstaff.Glassespresentanexcellentandspecificmediumofcarryingmessagesabouttheprotectionoffreshwater,andtheycanreachthetargetaudience,whichispeopleofallages,regardlessoftheirfi-nancialstatus.Glassesaredistributedeasi-ly,andsotheprogramcanbeappliedonagloballevel.Itisalsoflexible:theglassescanbesoldatanystoreorvenue,andthemessagescanbeadaptedforothermedia,suchascoasters,napkins,etc.
theideA
Usingglassesoftapwaterasthewidespreadmediumtorepresenttherelationshipbe-tweenmanandthewaterheconsumes.
bluegold
Croatiahascloseto45billioncubicmetersofrenewablefreshwater,whichconvertsto9500cubicmeterspercapita.Accordingtothesenumbers,CroatiaisrankedthirdinEuropewithregardstorenewablefreshwatersupply.
theprobleM
Wastingfreshwateroccursfromwashingcars,cleaningroads,leakingwaterfromfaultytapsinhouseholds,inaddition,freshwaterbecomespollutedbythrowingoilinwater,batteries,andthrowingdebris,andotherhazardousmaterialintonature.
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture41
42designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘tHese PeoPle Have Real PRoBleMs at Hand wHicH May Be solved witH inGenuity, HaRd woRk, and aPPlication of knowledGe. My vHeMBe filteR desiGn May PRove to suPPly cleaneR wateR to tHese HouseHolds, in tuRn BetteRinG tHeiR livinG standaRds.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture43
thechAllenge
Thisprojectaimedtodevelopanimprovedlow-costceramicwaterfilterforusewithinruralhouseholdsoftheVhemberegionofSouthAfricathroughthefieldtestingofanexistingfilterdesignsoastoprovidepot-ablewaterratherthancontaminatedwatertohouseholds.
FrAMethecontext
Social -ItisthedemocraticrightofallSouthAfricancitizensthattheyareprovidedwithefficient,cost-effectiveandsustainablewaterresources.ManySouthAfricanurbanandsemi-urbanhouseholdshavebeensup-pliedwithsafewater.However,althoughsafewatersupplieshavebeenintroducedintoruralareasinvariousforms,suchascommunaltapsandboreholepumps,acon-stantproblemiscreatedbecausewhenthewaterisconsumedwithinthehouseholds,itshealth-relatedmicrobialqualityhasde-terioratedtothepointwhereitis‘unsafe'todrink.Thiscontaminationoccursintheplasticvesselsusedtotransportandstorethewaterinthehouseholdcookingareauntilused.Thisimprovedlow-costceramicwaterfilterprovidesaviablesolution.
Cultural -SouthAfricaconsistsofmanydifferentpeoplegroups,withpeoplefromthesegroupssurvivingindrasticallydiffer-entcircumstances.Thisisdividedbetweenurban,semi-urban,andruralareas.Theruralareasconsistofhousesdistributedrela-tivelysparselyoverthelandscapes.Thesehousesareconstructedoutofbricks,stones,mudorconcrete(manyvaryingconstructionmethodsareutilized).Somehouseholdshaveelectricalconnections,withtheremaininghouseholdshavingtoworkoffbatterypowerorfire.
Themajorityofthehouseholdscookonparaffinorcoalstoves,oronopenfires.Thewaterwhichtheruralpeopleconsumeiscol-lectedatcommunitywaterpointsscatteredrelativelyevenlythroughouttheruralareas.Itistransportedandstoredinruralhouse-holdsin20/25lcontainerspriortoconsump-tion.Afairamountoftheruralpeoplearesubsistencefarmers,growingtheirowncropswithintheirpropertyboundariesoratcom-munityfarmlands.
Economic - SouthAfricaconsistsofaDualEconomy.Thisisacombinationof1stworldanddevelopingworldaspects.Middletohighincomecitizensaremainlyurbanized,
VheMbeFilter:
design:MArtinbolton,uniVersitYoFJohAnnesburg,southAFricA
44designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
withlowincomecitizensmainlyresidinginsemi-urbanandruralareas.
Political -Thecurrentgovernment’spol-icyisfocusedonservicedeliverytothemarginalizedpopulation.Housing,waterandelectricityprovisionistheirpriority.InadditiontheSouthAfricanconstitutionstatesthateveryonehastherighttohaveaccesstosufficientfoodandwater.Thisim-provedlow-costceramicwaterfiltermaybesuitableasagovernmentinterventionintotheruralhouseholds.
Environmental, Sustainability - Byconsideringaspectsofsustainabilityinthedesigningofthefiltercomponents,thefiltercanbeconsideredasbeneficialtoincludewithintheruralenvironment.Furthermore,evenafteruse,thefiltercom-ponentscanbeusedtosatisfydifferentuseswithintheruralhouseholds.Highqualityproductionandqualitycontrolmeasureswillensureapredictableproductquality,manufacturedfromahighgrade,longlastingmaterialabletomeetthede-mandsoftheruralareas(hardwearing,UVresistantplasticsforexample).Ethicalproductionprocessesandmaterialchoiceswillbeaconsideredtominimisethenega-tiveaspectsofmassproductionanddistri-butionontheenvironment.
Competitive Originality -Therearemanyotherlow-costhouseholdwatertreatmentsystemsavailable,however,thecompetitiveoriginalityoftheVhembefilterliesinthefactthatitwasdevelopedwiththeintendedusersofthefilter.Furthermore,ithasbeendevelopedfromanexistinglow-costwatertreatmentsystemwhichhasprov-entobeeffectivewithinthelocalruralareas.Ifthelivingconditionsinotherruralareasaresimilar,thefiltercouldbebettersuitedthanotherfilteralternativesforuseinotherruralareasinSouthernAfrica,theAfricancontinent,andpossiblyotherdevelopingnationsaroundtheworld.
Feasability - Utilisingmassproduction,abilitytomanufacturehighunitquantities,theunitcostoftheVhembeFilterwascal-culatedandcostsroughly€14.04*tomanu-facture.Thepriceperfilterunitcomesto€20.16*includinga40%mark-upoverthemanufacturingcosts.Thismark-uptakesintoconsiderationoverheadcostsandprofit.Accordingtomanufacturerspecificationsoftheexistingfilterelement,itisabletosupplyanadequateamountofdrinkingwaterforanentirefamilyforadurationof3years,beforereplacementisnecessary(previousresearchhowever,showsthatfilterelementsarestilleffectivefordurationsexceedingthe3yearmark).Therefore,afiltercosting€20.16*
isabletosupplycleandrinkingwaterforroughly€0.02perday*(filterpriceoverthreeyearperiod).Thevaluebenefitofthenewfilterdesignshouldaccountforthead-ditionalcostscomparedtopurchasingandimportinganexistingdesign.Thisadditionalcosthowever,comparedtotheexistingfilterdesignequatesto1/5thofaEuroCent.Al-thoughtheimprovedfilterismorecostlytomanufacture,thedifferenceminiscule,aswellaspursuinglocalproductioneliminatestheneedforshippingorfreightingproductsfromabroad.Theoutcomeisalowcostfilter,suitedtotheusersspecificneeds,atacostlowenoughtojustifymassmanufactureanddistribution.
solutionexplAnAtion
PresentedusingCADrenderings,ahalf-size‘grown’prototypeandafullsizefabricatedworkingmodel.Thefinaldesigncomprisesthreemainplasticcomponents,abentwirehanginghandle,theexistingFiltron/Potpazceramicfilterelement,andtheexistingFiltronplasticspigot.ThethreemainplasticcomponentsareallinjectionmouldedusingafoodgradePolypropyleneplasticandareasfollows:receptacle,stand,andlid.
*calculatedat1EUR=ZAR11.34,(09July2009)
‘...AlthoughsAFeWAtersupplieshAVebeenintroducedinto
rurAlAreAsinVAriousForMs,suchAscoMMunAltApsAnd
boreholepuMps,AconstAntprobleMiscreAtedbecAuseWhen
theWAterisconsuMedWithinthehouseholds,itsheAlth-relAted
MicrobiAlquAlitYhAsdeteriorAtedtothepointWhereitis
‘unsAFe'todrinK.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture45
bAse1 Internalribs&outersleeve supportsreceptacle.2 Legsflairfromcenter,providing adequatestability.Ø450mm3 Threelegsstandrestsevenly ontheground,alwaysstable.
stAcKAblecoMponentsFiltercomponentsarestackable,suitingthemtostoragewithinruralstores,hardwarestores,aswellaseffectivestockpilingandshipping.
iMproVedFilter:coMponents1 Receptacle2 CeramicFilterElement3 Stand4 HangingHandle5 Lid6 Spigot
1
2
5
4
6
33
1
2
46designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
‘innovation is PeRsonal: if we aRe oPen, cuRious, and eMPatHetic, tHe GReat PRoBleMs will find us.’
‘noBel PRize winneR linus PaulinG used to say tHat tHe Best way to Have a Good idea was to Have lots of ideas.’
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture47
honorAbleMentions:
theFolloWingproJectsWereselectedAshonorAbleMentionsFortheiroutstAndingdesigncontributions.
bluedAYAwarenesscampaigntargetedatreducingdomesticwaterusageinDubai.
AishaBinZayed,HananHairab&ShamsaAlSuwaidi,DubaiWomen’sCollege,UnitedArabEmirates
bluesideorganizationstrivingtoinspireawarenessandactiontosupportalarge-scalewaterconservationeffort.
PunyarukBaingern,PanchaleePhungsoondara,EmeryUllenberg&MaxxValenti,MilwaukeeInstituteofArt&Design,UnitedStates
gch4WAterlesstoiletsYsteMToiletdesignwithawaterless,mechanicalsystemforpackagingandtransport,facili-tatinganewurbaninfrastructureinwhichhumanwasteislocallytradedforenergyandfertilizer.
VirginiaGardiner,RoyalCollegeofArt,UnitedKingdom
KnoWWAter:AninterActiVeMAppingplAtForMInteractivemultimediamappingplatformconsistingofwebsitehousingwatercasestud-iesandamultimediakioskallowingindivid-ualstocontributeinformationlocally.
TedAlcorn,StanAlcorn,JosephBergen&NicholasDubroff,JohnsHopkinsUniversity,YaleCollege,HarvardUniversityandMIT;UnitedStates
sonicWAterMeterDevicedesignedtomeasurewaterusageandpatternsfromasonicsensorwithouttouchingapipeline,allowingindividualstoactivelytrackandsavewaterathome.
AlfBae,HongikUniversityIDAS,SouthKorea
sWellSolar-powered,mobile,inflatablefiltrationunitthatfiltersgrayfloodwaterintofreshpotablewater,anddoublesasaliferaftinfloodconditions.
AlainaProkopchuk,UniversityofManitoba,Canada
theglobAlWAterFootprintoFhuMAnitYCampaigntoraiseawarenessofthewayweusewaterandoftheinvisiblewaterfootprintofproducts.
AngelaMorelli,CentralSt.MartinsUniversityofLondon,UnitedKingdom
thisisitGlobalmarketingcampaginagainsttheuseof(PET)waterbottles.
KylieHolms,MonashUniversity,Australia
VirtuAlWAterreVeAledLabelingsystemallowingconsumerstovis-uallyidentifyandcomparetheamountofwaterusedtoproduceagriculturalproducts.
KizzyEzirio,SanDiegoStateUniversity,UnitedStates
YourWAterMulti-vehiclesustainablesystemofpro-motingthelocalresourceoftapwater.
CristinaBianchi&PekkaRaety,UniversityofArt&Design,Helsinki,Finland
48designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
index: would like to RecoGnise and tHank tHe followinG PeoPle and coMPanies foR tHeiR PaRticiPation in tHe woRksHoP in coPenHaGen and foR MakinG tHis PRoJect PossiBle.
index:|AigAAspendesignchAllengedesigningWAter'sFuture49
theJurY
PorterAndersonMargaretCatley-CarlsonDr.PeterGleickGerardV.Magbity
theAdVisors
DeborahAdlerBrianCollinsGaryM.CookDr.ChrisH.LuebkemanFredMurrell
sponsor
speciAlthAnKstouniceF
ForengagementinthejuryandforprovidingthevenuefortheCopenhagenworkshop
pArticipAtingorgAnizAtions
INDEX:2009isunderthepAtronAgeoFhrhthecroWnprinceoFdenMArK.
singAporeisINDEX:pArtnercitY.
INDEX:issupportedbYthedAnishMinistrYoFeconoMicAndbusinessAFFAirs,Jl-Fondet,
theMArKetingdenMArKFund,thecApitAlregionoFdenMArK,theconFederAtionoFdAnishindustrY(di),
thedAnishindustrYFoundAtion,georgJensenA/s,roYAlcopenhAgenA/s,FritzhAnsenA/s,
illuMsbolighusA/s,theeuropeAnsociAlFundAndtheeuropeAnregionAldeVelopMentFund.
INDEX:supplYpArtnersArebilsbYA/sAndVinKA/s.
Pantone cool gray 5
Pantone cool gray 11
K 34
K 79
logo black&white
50designingWAter'sFutureindex:|AigAAspendesignchAllenge
DesigningWater’sFutureINDEX:|AIGAAspenDesignChallenge
Impression:500
PhotographybyMartinBubandtJ.CarlGanterPrintedinDenmarkJanuary2010
PublishedbyINDEX:AwardA/SCopenhagen,Denmark
ItisthevisionofINDEX:tochangeglobalmindsetsbyenhancingtheunderstandingofchallengesandbroadeningtheperceptionofpossiblesolutions-andtheroleofdesignwithinthisarea-amongthegeneralpublic
INDEX:isanon-profitorganizationthathasaglobaloutreachandworkstosecuremoreDesigntoImproveLifeprojectsofhigherqualityallovertheworld.
INDEX:presents,evaluates,awards,discusses,communicates,connectsandadvocatesDesigntoImproveLifeglobally.Theorganization’smaintoolsarelarge-scalepublicevents,educationalandinformativeprogramsandcommunication,amongthese,thebiggestdesignawardintheworld.