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RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design1
Designing Our World: Cybernetics as Conversation for Action Heinz von Foerster Lecture ’17University of Vienna20 June 2017
Paul Pangaro, Ph.D.Chair and Associate Professor MFA Interaction Design Program College for Creative Studies, [email protected] von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design2
MFA Transportation Design MFA Color & Materials Design MFA Integrated DesignMFA Interaction DesignCollege for Creative Studies, [email protected] von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design3
Paul Pangaro, Ph.D.Chair and Associate Professor MFA Interaction Design Program College for Creative Studies, Detroit
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design4
MFA Interaction Design
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design5
MFA Interaction Design
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
6Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
7Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
KKnnoowwlleeddggee –– OOrrggaanniissaattiioonn –– SSoocciieettyyHHeeiinnzz vvoonn FFooeerrsstteerr aanndd tthhee BBiioollooggiiccaall CCoommppuutteerr LLaabboorraattoorryy
International Heinz von Foerster-Congress 2003 at the Wittgenstein-House
9:00 a.m.– 11:00 a.m.
11:00 a.m.–1:00 p.m.
2:30 p.m.–7:00 p.m.
2:30 p.m.–7:00 p.m.
7:30 p.m.–10:00 p.m.
Saturday, November 15
Robert MartinInventing the World OneConversation at a Time: the Once andFuture Invitation of Heinz von Foerster
Paul PangaroThe Past-Future of Cybernetics:Conversations, Von Foerster, andthe BCL
Moderator: Pille Bunnell
Stuart UmplebyWhat I Learned from Heinz vonFoerster about the Construction ofScience
Siegfried J. SchmidtHvF: Heritage and beyond: How toApply What We Have Learned
Moderator: Ranulph Glanville
Session VCybernetics and
Cognitive Science Today
Main Hall, 2:30–4:30 p.m.Mark H. Bickhard | Hanspeter A.Mallot | Nicole Rossmanith andAndreas ReicheltModerator: Alex Riegler
Session VIScientific Creativity
Main Hall, 5:00–7:00 p.m.Hans Rudi Fischer | GerhardGrössing | Karl H. MüllerModerator: Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt
Session VIIOn the History of Cybernetics
Seminar Room, 2:30–4:30 p.m. Jean Pierre Dupuy | Claus PiasWolfgang Pircher | Robert Trappl Moderator: Friedrich Stadler
Session VIIISystemics, Information and
Organisation
Seminar Room, 5:00–7:00 p.m. Presentations by Christian Fuchs andWolfgang Hofkirchner | Jan Klas andStanislav Gregor | Umberta Telfener Moderator: Günter Haag
Film
Main Hall, 7:30 p.m.The Net. Documentary Film on theInfant Stages of the Internet and ofthe Cognitive Sciences (IncludingInterviews with Heinz von Foerster)Presented by Lutz Dammbeck
Thursday, November 13
Conference OpeningsPille BunnellIlse KönigAllenna LeonardAndreas von FoersterThomas von FoersterModerator: Karl H. Müller
Ernst von GlasersfeldThe Constructivist View ofCommunication
Ranulph GlanvilleWonder
Moderator: Friedrich Stadler
Session IAnnual Conference of the American
Society for Cybernetics
Main Hall, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Andy Bilson | Søren Brier | Allenna Leonard | Suzanne L. Martin |Tatiana A. Medvedeva | Larry Richards | Antonin Rosick |Bernard Scott | Doug Seeley |
Session IIFuture Prospects for Constructivism
Seminar Room, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Thomas Himmelfreundpointner |Theo Hug | Richard Jung | Bert Klauninger | Josef Mitterer |Alex Riegler | Gebhard Rusch Moderators: Gerhard Grössing | Albert Müller
Heinz von Foerster-Lecture
Main Hall, 7:30–10:00 p.m.Dirk Baecker
Knowledge and IgnoranceModerator: Albert Müller
Thursday, November 13 – Sunday, November 16 Exhibition: Anestis Logothetis: KybernetikonArranged by Julia Spitzer-Logothetis, Gerda Janouschek
Sunday, November 16, Bösendorfer-Saal, 1040 Wien, Graf-Starhemberg-Gasse 14, 7:00 p.m.Doris Reisinger | Robert Michael Weiß: dance//wings | a tale with dance and piano
Friday, November 14
Alfred InselbergBCL and the Visualization ofMultidimensional Geometry
Lars LöfgrenFrom Wittgenstein’s Language-World Thesis to Holistic Language
Moderator: Allenna Leonard
Ricardo UribeNon-trivial Machines
Paul WestonA Walk through the Forest
Moderator: Markus Peschl
AAfftteerrnnoooonn SSeessssiioonnss
Session IIIOn the History of the BCL
Main Hall, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Peter Asaro | Michael Ashby | Peter Krieg | Albert MüllerModerators: Stuart Umpleby | Karl H. Müller
Session IVKnowledge-Organisation
Seminar Room, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Gerhard Grössing | KatharinaGsöllpointner | Günter Haag |Barbara Heller-Schuh | SusanneKratochwil and Josef Benedikt |Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt |Markus Peschl and Martin Schaurhofer | Ursula SchneiderModerators: Josef Mitterer | Ranulph Glanville
Conference Reception
8:00 p.m.Conference Reception at the
"Wappensaal” of the Vienna City HallInvitation by Michael Häupl,
Mayor of Vienna
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
8Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
KKnnoowwlleeddggee –– OOrrggaanniissaattiioonn –– SSoocciieettyyHHeeiinnzz vvoonn FFooeerrsstteerr aanndd tthhee BBiioollooggiiccaall CCoommppuutteerr LLaabboorraattoorryy
International Heinz von Foerster-Congress 2003 at the Wittgenstein-House
9:00 a.m.– 11:00 a.m.
11:00 a.m.–1:00 p.m.
2:30 p.m.–7:00 p.m.
2:30 p.m.–7:00 p.m.
7:30 p.m.–10:00 p.m.
Saturday, November 15
Robert MartinInventing the World OneConversation at a Time: the Once andFuture Invitation of Heinz von Foerster
Paul PangaroThe Past-Future of Cybernetics:Conversations, Von Foerster, andthe BCL
Moderator: Pille Bunnell
Stuart UmplebyWhat I Learned from Heinz vonFoerster about the Construction ofScience
Siegfried J. SchmidtHvF: Heritage and beyond: How toApply What We Have Learned
Moderator: Ranulph Glanville
Session VCybernetics and
Cognitive Science Today
Main Hall, 2:30–4:30 p.m.Mark H. Bickhard | Hanspeter A.Mallot | Nicole Rossmanith andAndreas ReicheltModerator: Alex Riegler
Session VIScientific Creativity
Main Hall, 5:00–7:00 p.m.Hans Rudi Fischer | GerhardGrössing | Karl H. MüllerModerator: Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt
Session VIIOn the History of Cybernetics
Seminar Room, 2:30–4:30 p.m. Jean Pierre Dupuy | Claus PiasWolfgang Pircher | Robert Trappl Moderator: Friedrich Stadler
Session VIIISystemics, Information and
Organisation
Seminar Room, 5:00–7:00 p.m. Presentations by Christian Fuchs andWolfgang Hofkirchner | Jan Klas andStanislav Gregor | Umberta Telfener Moderator: Günter Haag
Film
Main Hall, 7:30 p.m.The Net. Documentary Film on theInfant Stages of the Internet and ofthe Cognitive Sciences (IncludingInterviews with Heinz von Foerster)Presented by Lutz Dammbeck
Thursday, November 13
Conference OpeningsPille BunnellIlse KönigAllenna LeonardAndreas von FoersterThomas von FoersterModerator: Karl H. Müller
Ernst von GlasersfeldThe Constructivist View ofCommunication
Ranulph GlanvilleWonder
Moderator: Friedrich Stadler
Session IAnnual Conference of the American
Society for Cybernetics
Main Hall, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Andy Bilson | Søren Brier | Allenna Leonard | Suzanne L. Martin |Tatiana A. Medvedeva | Larry Richards | Antonin Rosick |Bernard Scott | Doug Seeley |
Session IIFuture Prospects for Constructivism
Seminar Room, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Thomas Himmelfreundpointner |Theo Hug | Richard Jung | Bert Klauninger | Josef Mitterer |Alex Riegler | Gebhard Rusch Moderators: Gerhard Grössing | Albert Müller
Heinz von Foerster-Lecture
Main Hall, 7:30–10:00 p.m.Dirk Baecker
Knowledge and IgnoranceModerator: Albert Müller
Thursday, November 13 – Sunday, November 16 Exhibition: Anestis Logothetis: KybernetikonArranged by Julia Spitzer-Logothetis, Gerda Janouschek
Sunday, November 16, Bösendorfer-Saal, 1040 Wien, Graf-Starhemberg-Gasse 14, 7:00 p.m.Doris Reisinger | Robert Michael Weiß: dance//wings | a tale with dance and piano
Friday, November 14
Alfred InselbergBCL and the Visualization ofMultidimensional Geometry
Lars LöfgrenFrom Wittgenstein’s Language-World Thesis to Holistic Language
Moderator: Allenna Leonard
Ricardo UribeNon-trivial Machines
Paul WestonA Walk through the Forest
Moderator: Markus Peschl
AAfftteerrnnoooonn SSeessssiioonnss
Session IIIOn the History of the BCL
Main Hall, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Peter Asaro | Michael Ashby | Peter Krieg | Albert MüllerModerators: Stuart Umpleby | Karl H. Müller
Session IVKnowledge-Organisation
Seminar Room, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Gerhard Grössing | KatharinaGsöllpointner | Günter Haag |Barbara Heller-Schuh | SusanneKratochwil and Josef Benedikt |Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt |Markus Peschl and Martin Schaurhofer | Ursula SchneiderModerators: Josef Mitterer | Ranulph Glanville
Conference Reception
8:00 p.m.Conference Reception at the
"Wappensaal” of the Vienna City HallInvitation by Michael Häupl,
Mayor of Vienna
9Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
KKnnoowwlleeddggee –– OOrrggaanniissaattiioonn –– SSoocciieettyyHHeeiinnzz vvoonn FFooeerrsstteerr aanndd tthhee BBiioollooggiiccaall CCoommppuutteerr LLaabboorraattoorryy
International Heinz von Foerster-Congress 2003 at the Wittgenstein-House
9:00 a.m.– 11:00 a.m.
11:00 a.m.–1:00 p.m.
2:30 p.m.–7:00 p.m.
2:30 p.m.–7:00 p.m.
7:30 p.m.–10:00 p.m.
Saturday, November 15
Robert MartinInventing the World OneConversation at a Time: the Once andFuture Invitation of Heinz von Foerster
Paul PangaroThe Past-Future of Cybernetics:Conversations, Von Foerster, andthe BCL
Moderator: Pille Bunnell
Stuart UmplebyWhat I Learned from Heinz vonFoerster about the Construction ofScience
Siegfried J. SchmidtHvF: Heritage and beyond: How toApply What We Have Learned
Moderator: Ranulph Glanville
Session VCybernetics and
Cognitive Science Today
Main Hall, 2:30–4:30 p.m.Mark H. Bickhard | Hanspeter A.Mallot | Nicole Rossmanith andAndreas ReicheltModerator: Alex Riegler
Session VIScientific Creativity
Main Hall, 5:00–7:00 p.m.Hans Rudi Fischer | GerhardGrössing | Karl H. MüllerModerator: Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt
Session VIIOn the History of Cybernetics
Seminar Room, 2:30–4:30 p.m. Jean Pierre Dupuy | Claus PiasWolfgang Pircher | Robert Trappl Moderator: Friedrich Stadler
Session VIIISystemics, Information and
Organisation
Seminar Room, 5:00–7:00 p.m. Presentations by Christian Fuchs andWolfgang Hofkirchner | Jan Klas andStanislav Gregor | Umberta Telfener Moderator: Günter Haag
Film
Main Hall, 7:30 p.m.The Net. Documentary Film on theInfant Stages of the Internet and ofthe Cognitive Sciences (IncludingInterviews with Heinz von Foerster)Presented by Lutz Dammbeck
Thursday, November 13
Conference OpeningsPille BunnellIlse KönigAllenna LeonardAndreas von FoersterThomas von FoersterModerator: Karl H. Müller
Ernst von GlasersfeldThe Constructivist View ofCommunication
Ranulph GlanvilleWonder
Moderator: Friedrich Stadler
Session IAnnual Conference of the American
Society for Cybernetics
Main Hall, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Andy Bilson | Søren Brier | Allenna Leonard | Suzanne L. Martin |Tatiana A. Medvedeva | Larry Richards | Antonin Rosick |Bernard Scott | Doug Seeley |
Session IIFuture Prospects for Constructivism
Seminar Room, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Thomas Himmelfreundpointner |Theo Hug | Richard Jung | Bert Klauninger | Josef Mitterer |Alex Riegler | Gebhard Rusch Moderators: Gerhard Grössing | Albert Müller
Heinz von Foerster-Lecture
Main Hall, 7:30–10:00 p.m.Dirk Baecker
Knowledge and IgnoranceModerator: Albert Müller
Thursday, November 13 – Sunday, November 16 Exhibition: Anestis Logothetis: KybernetikonArranged by Julia Spitzer-Logothetis, Gerda Janouschek
Sunday, November 16, Bösendorfer-Saal, 1040 Wien, Graf-Starhemberg-Gasse 14, 7:00 p.m.Doris Reisinger | Robert Michael Weiß: dance//wings | a tale with dance and piano
Friday, November 14
Alfred InselbergBCL and the Visualization ofMultidimensional Geometry
Lars LöfgrenFrom Wittgenstein’s Language-World Thesis to Holistic Language
Moderator: Allenna Leonard
Ricardo UribeNon-trivial Machines
Paul WestonA Walk through the Forest
Moderator: Markus Peschl
AAfftteerrnnoooonn SSeessssiioonnss
Session IIIOn the History of the BCL
Main Hall, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Peter Asaro | Michael Ashby | Peter Krieg | Albert MüllerModerators: Stuart Umpleby | Karl H. Müller
Session IVKnowledge-Organisation
Seminar Room, 2:30–7:00 p.m.Gerhard Grössing | KatharinaGsöllpointner | Günter Haag |Barbara Heller-Schuh | SusanneKratochwil and Josef Benedikt |Marco Lehmann-Waffenschmidt |Markus Peschl and Martin Schaurhofer | Ursula SchneiderModerators: Josef Mitterer | Ranulph Glanville
Conference Reception
8:00 p.m.Conference Reception at the
"Wappensaal” of the Vienna City HallInvitation by Michael Häupl,
Mayor of Vienna
http://pangaro.com/Heinz-von-Foerster/
10Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Contributions to the Viennese Archive of Gordon Pask https://vimeo.com/31987180
11Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Invitation to Recursioning (for Heinz von Foerster)https://vimeo.com/32011737
12Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Heinz von Foerster
photo by Robert Knisely 1989
13Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Mai von Foerster Heinz von Foerster
photo by Paul Pangaro ~1999
14Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Heinz von Foerster Paul Pangaro
1993
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design15
Designing Our World: Cybernetics as Conversation for Action
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design16
Designing Our World
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
17Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Edith Ackermann
https://vimeo.com/1041784072014
18Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul PangaroHeinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design19
Designing Our World
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design20
Designing Our World: Conversation for Action
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
21Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
insert movie
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
22Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
https://vimeo.com/104178407
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
23Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul PangaroHeinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
24Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
25Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
26Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Ranulph Glanville
Photo from https://systemic-design.net/ remembering-ranulph-glanville/
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
27Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
I can have a piece of paper and I can make a mark and go away and come back and look at it later.
And you know what happens when you draw on something and you come back and look at it later? It looks different than you thought you’d drawn it.
So… you’re taking two roles: the person who draws, the person who looks, the person who draws, the person who looks.
[This] is what is at the center of designing. This, for me, is the act that makes design design.
–– Ranulph Glanville
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design28
Designing Our World: Cybernetics as Conversation for Action
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design29
Designing Our World: Cybernetics as Conversation for Action
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
30Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
“Everyone designs who devises courses of action aimed at changing existing situations into preferred ones.”
— Herbert Simon
“Everyone designs
31Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
“Design and cybernetics are really the same thing.”
–– Ranulph Glanville
32Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
“Conversation is the bridge between cybernetics and design.”
–– Ranulph Glanville
33Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
We construe design as a conversation for action — that is, as cybernetics.
–– Dubberly & Pangaro, Cybernetics and Design: Conversations for Action, 2017
34Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Cybernetics is a necessary foundation for 21st century design practice.
–– Dubberly & Pangaro, Cybernetics and Design: Conversations for Action, 2017
35Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
• The prominence of digital technology in daily life cannot be denied (or reversed). Digital technology comprises systems of systems (Internet of Things).
• Design has expanded from giving-form to creating systems that support interactions. Human interactions span thinking and acting, whether mundane or metaphysical.
We must model and tame this complex mesh of mechanisms.Therefore: systems literacy is a necessary foundation for design.
If design, then systems:
36Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
If design, then systems.
• Digital interactions comprise reliable connections, communication, and feedback. Human interactions comprise purpose, feedback, and learning.
• The science of communication and feedback, interaction and purpose, is cybernetics. We must model communication and intention in a common frame. Therefore: cybernetics is a necessary foundation for design.
If systems, then cybernetics:
37Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
If design, then systems.
• Framing “wicked challenges” requires articulating human values and viewpoints. Values and viewpoints are subjective.
• Designers must offer a persuasive rationale for our subjective viewpoints. • Modeling subjectivity is the province of second-order cybernetics. We must embrace values and subjectivity at the heart of designing. Therefore: second-order cybernetics is a necessary foundation for design.
If systems, then cybernetics.
If cybernetics, then second-order cybernetics:
38
If design, then systems.
If systems, then cybernetics.
• Taming “wicked challenges” must be grounded in argumentation. • Argumentation requires conversation so that participants may understand and agree. • Agreement is necessary for collaboration and effective action. We must embrace argumentation and collaboration to the heart of 21st-century design. Therefore: conversation is a necessary foundation for design.
If cybernetics, then second-order cybernetics.
If second-order cybernetics, then conversation:
39Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
If design, then systems.
If systems, then cybernetics.
If cybernetics, then second-order cybernetics.
If second-order cybernetics, then conversation.–– Dubberly & Pangaro, Cybernetics and Design: Conversations for Action, 2017
40Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
“Design is the action; Second-order Cybernetics is the explanation.”
–– Ranulph Glanville
41Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Heinz von Foerster
photo by Robert Knisely 1989
42Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Gordon Pask Heinz von Foerster
photo by Robert Knisely 1989
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
43Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Gordon Pask Heinz von Foerster
photo by Robert Knisely 1989
44Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Ranulph Glanville Gordon Pask G. Spencer-Brown
photo by Paul Pangaro 1990
45Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Ranulph Glanville Gordon Pask G. Spencer-Brown
photo by Paul Pangaro 1990
46Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Gordon Pask Paul Pangaro
~1986
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56Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation for Design
57Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation for Design
58Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design…
59Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design… from Thinking to Conversation
Design Thinking
60Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
What is the process of Design Thinking?
Observe
Brainstorm
Prototype
61Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
What Does that mean?
Ethnography
Open-ended ideageneration
Making andtesting
Observe
Brainstorm
Prototype
62Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
What Does that mean?
Observe
Brainstorm
Prototype
Evalu
ate
63Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
What Does that mean?
Observe
Brainstorm
Prototype
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
64Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Limitations
Observe
Brainstorm
Prototype
Itera
te
Evalu
ateSpecific?
Rigorous?
Repeatable?
65Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Evaluate…
Design the Conversations
Find a Focusing Question
Prototype a Solution
Evalu
ate
Measure Improvements for Users
Itera
te
Observe
Brainstorm
Prototype
66Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Iterate & EvaluateIterate & Evaluate
Design the Conversations
Find a Focusing Question
Prototype a Solution
Evalu
ate
Measure Improvements for Users
Measure Convergence on design goals
Itera
te
Observe
Brainstorm
Prototype
67Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Iterate & EvaluateIterate & Evaluate
Design the Conversations
Find a Focusing Question
Itera
te
Evalu
ateConversation to
Agree on Means
Measure Improvements for Users
Measure Convergence on design goals
68Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation is the core
Conversation to Agree on Means
Measure Improvements for Users
Measure Convergence on design goals
69Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation is the core
Conversation to Agree on Means
Measure Improvementsfor Users
Measure Convergence on design goals
70Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design… from Thinking to Conversation
Design Thinking
71Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Rethinking Design Thinking
Conversation to Agree on Means
72Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
73Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Does doing this
… achieve this?
74Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as ConversationConversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Agree on
Means
75Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as ConversationConversation to Agree on
Goals
Do we have sufficient variety… to achieve this?
Conversation to Agree on
Means
76Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Iterate
Evaluate
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Do we have sufficient variety… to achieve this?
Conversation to Agree on
Means
77Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
78Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
IterateEvaluate
Do we have
sufficient variety… …to achieve this?
79Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
NEXT CONVERSATION
CONVERSATIONe,e,e...
e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e
Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.
NEWKNOWLEDGE
BUILDS
FEEDS
EXTERNALINFORMATION
ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR
DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR
PARTICIPANTSBECOME
SELECTIONMECHANISM
POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS
1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.
In short, given where we want to go:
Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?
What is the necessary and sufficient information?
What did we learn?
What questions do we answer next?
Who can we continue to use who are still essential?
What expertise do we need to answer those questions?
What information do we need to answer those questions?
80Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
NEXT CONVERSATION
CONVERSATIONe,e,e...
e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e
Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.
NEWKNOWLEDGE
BUILDS
FEEDS
EXTERNALINFORMATION
ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR
DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR
PARTICIPANTSBECOME
SELECTIONMECHANISM
POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS
1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.
In short, given where we want to go:
Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?
What is the necessary and sufficient information?
What did we learn?
What questions do we answer next?
Who can we continue to use who are still essential?
What expertise do we need to answer those questions?
What information do we need to answer those questions?
81Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
NEXT CONVERSATION
CONVERSATIONe,e,e...
e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e
Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.
NEWKNOWLEDGE
BUILDS
FEEDS
EXTERNALINFORMATION
ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR
DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR
PARTICIPANTSBECOME
SELECTIONMECHANISM
POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS
1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.
In short, given where we want to go:
Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?
What is the necessary and sufficient information?
What did we learn?
What questions do we answer next?
Who can we continue to use who are still essential?
What expertise do we need to answer those questions?
What information do we need to answer those questions?
82Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
NEXT CONVERSATION
CONVERSATIONe,e,e...
e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e
Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.
NEWKNOWLEDGE
BUILDS
FEEDS
EXTERNALINFORMATION
ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR
DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR
PARTICIPANTSBECOME
SELECTIONMECHANISM
POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS
1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.
In short, given where we want to go:
Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?
What is the necessary and sufficient information?
What did we learn?
What questions do we answer next?
Who can we continue to use who are still essential?
What expertise do we need to answer those questions?
What information do we need to answer those questions?
83Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
NEXT CONVERSATION
CONVERSATIONe,e,e...
e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e
Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.
NEWKNOWLEDGE
BUILDS
FEEDS
EXTERNALINFORMATION
ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR
DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR
PARTICIPANTSBECOME
SELECTIONMECHANISM
POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS
1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.
In short, given where we want to go:
Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?
What is the necessary and sufficient information?
What did we learn?
What questions do we answer next?
Who can we continue to use who are still essential?
What expertise do we need to answer those questions?
What information do we need to answer those questions?
84Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
NEXT CONVERSATION
CONVERSATIONe,e,e...
e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e
Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.
NEWKNOWLEDGE
BUILDS
FEEDS
EXTERNALINFORMATION
ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR
DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR
PARTICIPANTSBECOME
SELECTIONMECHANISM
POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS
1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.
In short, given where we want to go:
Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?
What is the necessary and sufficient information?
What did we learn?
What questions do we answer next?
Who can we continue to use who are still essential?
What expertise do we need to answer those questions?
What information do we need to answer those questions?
85
NEXT CONVERSATION
CONVERSATIONe,e,e...
e,e,e...e,e,ee,e,ee,e,ee,e,e
Given the conversation we’ve just had, focus on the questions above to make the next conversation successful.
NEWKNOWLEDGE
BUILDS
FEEDS
EXTERNALINFORMATION
ESTABLISHESGOAL FOR
DETERMINESCRITERIA FOR
PARTICIPANTSBECOME
SELECTIONMECHANISM
POSSIBLEPARTICIPANTS
1. Bottom-up approach: Keep asking the important questions that ensure the right participants and the right information in every conversation.
In short, given where we want to go:
Who are the necessary and sufficient participants?
What is the necessary and sufficient information?
What did we learn?
What questions do we answer next?
Who can we continue to use who are still essential?
What expertise do we need to answer those questions?
What information do we need to answer those questions?
AGENCY CLIENT e,...
AGENCY CLIENT e,e,e...
AGENCY CLIENT e,e,e,e...
INITIALGOALS
catalyst ideation solution delivery evaluation
OUTCOMES
AGENCY CLIENT e,e,e,e,e...
NECESSARYPARTICIPANTS
NECESSARYINFORMATION
UNPREDICTABLECONTACTWITH AGENCY
IDENTIFY NECESSARY ROLESAND EXPERTISE
SELECT“BEFORE”
&“AFTER”
SELECT360°
SOLUTIONPLAN
FEEDBACK ADJUSTMENT
OPTIMIZATION
SELECT360°
DEPLOYMENT
PARTICIPANTS
MEASURINGIMPACT
COREROLES
SELECT AGENCY CLIENT
Client Engagement can be modeled as a series of stages—catalyst, ideation, solution, delivery, and evaluation—each with specific goals, and therefore specific requirements for participants and information to feed the next conversation.
e,e,e,...
The engagement lifecycle moves through a series of stages, albeit not always smoothly.
Core roles—often the “triumvirate” of account, planning, and creative, but increasingly specialized to a given 360° engagement—are responsible for driving to results, and forcommunicating across stages and across agency and client groups.
Useful stages that apply across most engagement types are:- catalyst stage (first interaction): initial contact with client- ideation: building a model of desired outcomes- solution: creating a plan to achieve the outcomes- delivery: executing the plan, deploying the solution- evaluation: measuring against goals, then adjusting.
COREROLES
COREROLES
COREROLES
14
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
86Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
IterateEvaluate
?
87Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
IterateEvaluate
?
88Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
IterateEvaluate
?
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
89Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Heinz von Foerster Paul Pangaro
1993
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
90Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Heinz von Foerster Paul Pangaro Michael Geoghegan
Heinz von Foerster Paul Pangaro
1993
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
91Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Don Schön Paul Pangaro Michael Geoghegan Gordon Pask Frank Galuszka
1993
92Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
http://pangaro.com/leadership-language-regenerating-organizations.html2002
98Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
99Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
IterateEvaluate
?
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
100Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Create New
Language
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
IterateEvaluate
101Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Paul Pangaro Stafford Beer
1984
102Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Diagnosing the System for OrganizationsStafford Beer 1985
VSM — Viable System Model
103Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Diagnosing the System for OrganizationsStafford Beer 1985
VSM — Viable System Model
104Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul PangaroHeinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
105Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
106Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
107Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
108Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Conversation to Create
New Language
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
109Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
110Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
111Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Conversation to Create New
Language
112Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design as Conversation
Conversation to Agree on
Means
Conversation to Create New
Language
Conversation to Agree on
Goals
Conversation to Design the
Designing
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
Itera
te
Evalu
ate
Iterate
Evaluate
IterateEvaluate
113Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
We construe design as a conversation for action — that is, as cybernetics.
114Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
We construe design as a conversation for action — that is, as cybernetics. Action may either conserve or change a situation.
115Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
We construe design as a conversation for action — that is, as cybernetics. Action may either conserve or change a situation.
In other words, design is a conversation about what to conserve and what to change, a conversation about what we value.
–– Dubberly & Pangaro, Cybernetics and Design: Conversations for Action, 2017
116Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Humberto Maturana
https://vimeo.com/1899993022016
117Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
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Conversation as Living Together in Languaging
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
118Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
If we converse explicitly about goals, we are transparent about frames and values. (This is ethical.)
If we converse about the means to achieve those goals, we more fully engage participants and their abilities, improving outcomes. (This is collaborative.)
If we converse to co-evolve new language, we can escape the limitations of current viewpoints, and create new frames and new possibilities. (This is innovative.)
If we converse about the design process, we enter all our conversations as participants, answerable for our actions. (This is responsible.)
Design = Conversations for Action
119Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
If we converse explicitly about goals, we are transparent about frames and values. (To agree on goals is ethical.)
If we converse about the means to achieve those goals, we more fully engage participants and their abilities, improving outcomes. (To agree on means is collaborative.)
If we converse to co-evolve new language, we can escape the limitations of current viewpoints, and create new frames and new possibilities. (To create new language is innovative.)
If we converse about the design process, we enter all our conversations as participants, answerable for our actions. (To design the designing is responsible.)
Design = Conversations for Action
120Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
If we converse explicitly about goals, we are transparent about frames and values. (To agree on goals is ethical.)
If we converse to agree on means to achieve those goals, we more fully engage participants and their abilities, improving outcomes. (To agree on means is collaborative.)
If we converse to co-evolve new language, we can escape the limitations of current viewpoints, and create new frames and new possibilities. (To create new language is innovative.)
If we converse to agree on the design process, we enter all our conversations as participants, answerable for our actions. (To design the designing is responsible.)
Design = Conversations for Action
121Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
122Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Design of
Conversations for Action
123Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Challenges of 21st-Century Design
Energy Global warming Water Food Population Health Equality Social justice
124Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Energy Global warming Water Food Population Health Equality Social justice
Challenges to 21st-Century Design
to
125Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Simple problems Complex problems “Wicked problems”*
* In the strict sense of Rittel & Webber
Energy Global warming Water Food Population Health Equality Social justice
Challenges to 21st-Century Design
126Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
The goal of second-order design is to facilitate the emergence of conditions in which others can design — to create conditions in which conversations can emerge — and thus to increase the number of choices open to all.
Second-order Design = Design for Conversation
–– Dubberly & Pangaro, Cybernetics and Design: Conversations for Action, 2017
127Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
“I shall act always so as to increase the total number of choices.”
— Ethical Imperative, Heinz von Foerster
128Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
“If you desire to see, learn how to act.”
— Aesthetic Imperative, Heinz von Foerster
129Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Edith Ackermann
https://vimeo.com/1041784072014
130Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Thank you all.
Mai von Foerster Heinz von Foerster
RSD5 / Toronto, Canada / Paul Pangaro / Designing Conversations for Socially-Conscious Design131
Paul Pangaro, Ph.D.Chair and Associate Professor MFA Interaction Design Program College for Creative Studies, [email protected]
Special Thanks to: Albert MüllerMarianne ErtlAllenna LeonardHugh DubberlyRanulph GlanvillePooja Upadhyay
See pangaro.com/hvf17/ for slides and references
Designing Our World: Cybernetics as Conversation for Action
Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
132Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
What is the ratio of information vs. noise for 1 billion daily users on Facebook?
Questions for Heinz #1
As the population increases, what is the consequence of that ratio?
Questions for Heinz #2
133Heinz von Foerster ’17 / Vienna June 2017 / Paul Pangaro
Thank you all.
Mai von Foerster Heinz von Foerster