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Designing an Enterprise-Class XenDesktop Solution Daniel Feller – Lead Architect Twitter @djfeller Blog: virtualfeller.wordpress.com Douglas Demskis – Sr.

Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

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Page 1: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Designing an Enterprise-Class XenDesktop SolutionDaniel Feller – Lead ArchitectTwitter @djfellerBlog: virtualfeller.wordpress.com

Douglas Demskis – Sr. Architect

Page 2: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Why Design Is Important

• Environment that cannot support the morning user load

• A single component fails, bringing down the entire infrastructure

• Sluggish virtual desktops because of improper scale• Hypervisor• Storage• Network• CPU• Memory

Page 3: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Ask the right questions

• What user pattern do we expect?• Sporadic, 9-5, shifts

• System availability (9-5, 24/7)

• High-level overview of goals/user environment• Save costs, increase security, improve availability• Local, regional, branch, remote users

Page 4: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Agenda

• Desktop Images

• Virtualization Layer

• OS Delivery Layer

• Application Delivery Layer

• Desktop Delivery Layer

• Reference Architecture

Page 5: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Images

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

Page 6: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Specs – Operating System

• Windows XP:• Requires around 26 IOPS for startup• XenServer and ESX performed better than Hyper-V

• Windows 7 optimized for virtualized environment• More intelligent storage management• Inclusion of Host Integration Services (Hyper-V tools)

• In scalability tests from LoginVSI• With same configs (768 MB RAM)• Windows 7 performed better on Hyper-V

Page 7: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Users Load = Desktop SpecsUser Type OS vCPU Allocation Memory Allocation

LightWindows XP 1 512

Windows 7 1 1024

NormalWindows XP 1 1024

Windows 7 1 2048

PowerWindows XP 1 2048

Windows 7 2* 3072-4096

• Notes:• Windows 7 assumes 32bit (64 Bit requires more memory)• Windows XP base image

• Uniprocessor HAL: give 2 vCPUs and hypervisor won’t utilize• Multiprocessor HAL: use 1 vCPU and waste resources while system tries to align processors

Page 8: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Specs – Best Practices

• Do NOT give virtual desktops more resources than needed

• Do not overcommit the hypervisor CPUs

• Calculate for active users per core• Light: 8-10 users/core• Normal: 6-8 users/core• Power: 4-6 users/core

• Calculate users per server

Page 9: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

• Windows XP and Server 2003’s setup process misaligns their partition by creating a signature on the first part of the disk by default and starting the actual partition at the last few sectors of the first block, misaligning the partition completely

Desktop OptimizationPartition Offset

64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block64kB Block

64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block

NTFS Partition63 Sectors

4kB

SAN Storage

Operating System

Page 10: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop OptimizationPartition Offset

NTFS

SAN Storage

4 KB Blocks

1 READ IN VM = 2 IO ON SAN

Page 11: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

• Use Microsoft’s diskpart tool to align the blocks• http://support.microsoft.com/kb/300415

• When the partition is aligned, every I/O from the partition results in a single I/O from the storage

Desktop OptimizationPartition Offset

64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block64kB Block

64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block 64kB Block

NTFS Partition128 Sectors

4kB

SAN Storage

Operating System

Page 12: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop OptimizationPartition Offset

NTFS

SAN Storage

4 KB Blocks

ALIGNED = GOOD

Page 13: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Optimization

• Partition offset must be divisible by 4096

• Recommended offset:• Windows 2000, 2003, XP: 32,768• Windows Vista, 7: 1,048,576

• Determine offset with• MSINFO32• In command line: wmic partition get BlockSize, StartingOffset, Name, Index

• XP VM typically offset by 32,256• Misaligned

Partition Offset

Page 14: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Optimization with Provisioning Services

• XenConvert ignores existing partition offset and is optimized for NTFS by default

• Default offset in bytes = 258048 (63 * 4096)

• Utilizes XenConvert.ini to set vDisk partition offset

• Example: SAN infrastructure with 1MB partition offset[parameters]

PartitionOffsetBase=1048576

XenConvert 2.1

Page 15: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Optimization

• Increase service timeouts

• Disable last access time stamp

• Turn off system restore

• Disable Windows indexing service

• Zero out deleted files

• Remove unnecessary visual effects

• Disable Windows XP Tour Prompt (XP)

Page 16: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Optimization

• Force offscreen composition for IE

• Remove the Menu Show Delay

• Disable the Desktop Cleanup Wizard (XP)

• Disable automatic searching for Network Printers/Shares

• Turn off Automatic Updates

• Setup Pagefile Min-Max the same

• Disable hibernation

• Disable kernel memory dump

Page 17: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Optimizations

• Remove Windows 7 features• Media Center• DVD Maker• Table PC Components

Page 18: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Optimizations

• Set default start menu power button behavior

• Run XenConvert Optimizer• Will cause "complaints" from

Windows 7 Action Center• Configure Action Center to not

show warnings

Page 19: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

• Windows XP Optimization Guide (CTX124239)

• Windows 7 Optimization Guide

• Linked from http://virtualfeller.wordpress.com/documents

Desktop Optimizations

Page 20: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Virtualization Layer

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

Page 21: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Scalability Influencers

• Storm Warning• Boot Storm• Logon Storm• Logoff Storm

Page 22: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design Considerations

• Boot storm massive hit (26 IOPS each)

• Set workstation group peak early enough to settle down• Overcomes boot storm issues• Will try to add new idle desktops for each new logon• Event log errors if not enough resources for new idle workstations

• Make idle count = to max workstation group• Overcomes issues of new starting workstations• Set idle levels lower after morning rush over

9-5 Workday

Page 23: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design Considerations

• Three shifts = three peaks• Cannot use idle settings, only 1 peak per day• Could create multiple workstation groups with different peak times

• Shift preparation• Create idle VMs to prep for next shift• Impacts current users

• Options• Have extra HW available• Approve a logon delay for users (not likely to be acceptable)

Shifts

Page 24: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

12:00 AM

1:00 AM

2:00 AM

3:00 AM

4:00 AM

5:00 AM

6:00 AM

7:00 AM

8:00 AM

9:00 AM

10:00 AM

11:00 AM

12:00 PM

1:00 PM

2:00 PM

3:00 PM

4:00 PM

5:00 PM

6:00 PM

7:00 PM

8:00 PM

9:00 PM

10:00 PM

11:00 PM

Time

Active/Idle Desktop Graph (Three Shifts)

Active Idle

Shift Change

Shift Change

Page 25: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

• Recommended Specs• 8 cores• X GB RAM (based on virtual desktop specs)• 6 Gbps NICs - redundancy (2 user/infrastructure,

2 storage, 2 management)

• No dedicated master

Scalability – XenDesktop on XenServer

Page 26: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

eth0 + eth 4User and

Infrastructure traffic

Embedded (dual port) Add on (quad port)

Design - XenDesktop on XenServer

eth2 + eth5Host Management

and HA traffic

eth1 + eth3Storage traffic

Page 27: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design - XenDesktop on XenServer

• Pool Size• Recommended: 1,600 VMs (16 servers per pool * 100 VMs per server)• Actual: Higher (20-40 servers per pool * 80-100 VMs per server)

• Desktop Groups• Multiple resource pools can be linked to 1 desktop group

• DOM0• Increase Dom0 RAM allocation to 2.94 GB (/boot/extlinux.conf)• Increase Xen-heap setting to xenheap_megabytes=24 (/boot/extlinux.conf)

Page 28: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

• Virtual Center recommended specs:

• ESX 3.5: 1,700 virtual desktops

• vSphere: 2,500 virtual desktops• 4 cores• 4 GB RAM• 2 Gbps NICs (redundancy)

• Host servers recommended specs• 8 cores• X GB RAM (based on virtual desktop specs)• 6 Gbps NICs - redundancy (2 user/infrastructure, 2 storage, 2 management)

Scalability – XenDesktop on ESX

Page 29: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design – XenDesktop on ESX

• vCenter limited to 3,000 VMs• VMware reference architecture: 1,000 VM blocks• User habits dictate if 2000 is feasible

• vCenter is critical to environment• Can be a single point of failure, requires a clustered solution• XD master uses API to do operational processes on VMs• Numerous calls have caused API to crash, bringing down entire VC

• Desktop Group• A XD desktop group can only point to 1 VC• Complicates design as more desktop groups required

Page 30: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design – XenDesktop on ESX

• Memory over commit (Ballooning) • Disable• Risk of running out of RAM• Can cause excessive disk paging

• Transparent page sharing• Irrelevant• Not shown to help or hurt

Page 31: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design – XenDesktop on Hyper-V

• Two versions• Hyper-V Free SKU for Windows 2008 R2 • Full version of Windows 2008 R2• The Free SKU supports both Hyper-V and Clustering roles

• Hyper-V Free SKU provides slightly better performance during LoginVSI tests

Page 32: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design – XenDesktop on Hyper-V

• Limitations if Unclustered• 384 guests per host• Max 8 vCPUs to a single physical core

8 Cores * 8 vCPU = 64 virtual machines (MAX)

• Limitations if Clustered• 16 hosts per cluster• 64 guests per host• 1024 virtual machines per cluster (960 recommended)

• Desktop groups limited to 1 Hyper-V SCVMM

Page 33: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design – XenDesktop on Hyper-V

• Recommended Cluster size: 960• XenDesktop console slows down when cluster reaches 1000+• SCVMM is single point of failure unless distributed services used• <20 Hosts - break out VMM Database from the VMM Server, Library, & Console

• Failover (live migration)• If not required, then do not implement failover clustering• Clustering adds overhead• Clustering limits scalability to 64 guests per host and 16 servers per cluster• Live migration must be started manually

Page 34: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Storage Recommendations

• Save state file• Disk space equal to guest’s RAM• Stored in VM directory with .BIN extension• Required file/CANNOT be disabled

• Where clustering is required• Each cluster has own volume (LUN)• Each volume is shared with all servers in cluster

Hyper-V

Page 35: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Storage Recommendations – All Hypervisors

• Local hypervisor storage common recommendations• Must be able to support disk I/O CRITICAL• Fast drives –15,000 RPM• Battery-backed write cache (80% write/20% read)• Verify lack of live migration acceptable• Is this enough?

Page 36: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Storage

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Page 37: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Disk Type

• As VHD expands • Disk can become fragmented on physical media• Expansion algorithm wreaks havoc on SAN as VMs booted for first time and

page file added

• Alignment issues• Constructed with extra byte at end of file • Dynamic VHD WILL mis-align disk with storage

• Recommendation: Only use fixed-size VHDs for write cache and Provisioning services vDisk

Dynamic VHD

Page 38: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Storage Recommendations

• Quick and Dirty estimates• 5 simultaneous bootups per spindle• 12 simultaneous logons per spindle• 14 simultaneous logoffs per spindle• 18 simultaneous users per spindle

• IOPS calculations impacted by• Disk speed• RAID level• Read/Write % (20/80)• Activity

Activity IOPS

Startup 26

Logon 12.5

Working 8

Logoff 10.7

RAID Level IO/Write

0 1

1 or 10 2

5 4

Disk Speed Random IOPS

15,000 150

10,000 110

5,400 50

Page 39: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

Write Cache Storage Location

Boot Logon Working Logoff

RAID 0 5 12 18 14

RAID 1 3 6 9 7

RAID 5 1 3 4 4

Virtual Desktops per Spindle

Boot Logon Working Logoff

RAID 0 12 5 2 4

RAID 1 20 10 4 9

RAID 5 60 20 7 15

Spindles required for 60 desktop loadWorking

3

7

15

2 Drive Bays!!!

Page 40: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

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IOPS Calculations

Page 41: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Storage Recommendations

• Virtual desktops are WRITE intensive (not READ)• 20% Read• 80% Write

• Need RAID that supports heavy writes• RAID 1 for 2 disks• RAID 10 (1+0) for 4+ disks

• RAID 5 is meant for read intensive operations • Databases• Provisioning services vDisk storage

Page 42: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Storage Recommendations

• Throughput:• HBA must support disk throughput• Estimate 125KB/s per desktop

• Quick and Dirty HBA Estimates• 1 Gbps HBA ≈ 800 active desktops• 1 blade enclosure = 16 blades• 1 blade ≈ 50-80 VMs• 1-2 HBAs to support load (not including redundancy)

Page 43: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

OS Delivery Layer

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Page 44: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Provisioning Services

Page 45: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

vDisk Cache

Page 46: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

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• Windows 7 boots to logon screen (200 MB)

• User logs on and sets up their desktop environment (50 MB)

• User runs Office and other applications (1 GB) • Streamed applications little impact• Installed applications huge impact

• User logs off and/or shuts down Windows 7 (150 MB)

Provisioning Services System Cache

Page 47: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

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• Goal: Use cache and not disk

RAM = OS + OS_Cache_Req + (#_Active_vDisks *

Avg_Data_Read_per_vDisk)

• 2 vDisks: 2GB + 512 MB + (2 * 2 GB) = 6.5 GB

• 4 vDisks: 2GB + 512 MB + (4 * 2 GB) = 10.5 GB

Optimizing Provisioning Services with System Cache

Page 48: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

• Recommended Specs: 1200-1500 streams• 8 cores• 2 GB + 2 GB RAM per vDisk (estimate)• 3 Gbps NICs teamed

• Every 1Gbps NIC ≈ 500 streams

• More streams = longer failover process• 1,000 streams ≈ 5 minutes• 1,500 streams ≈ 8 minutes

Scalability – Provisioning Services

Page 49: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Operating System Delivery – Data Transferred

vDisk OS

Average Transferred Data (MB)

Device Cache Server Cache

XP SP2 x32 85 90

XP SP2 x64 110 115

2003 Server SP1 x32* 95 100

2003 Server SP1 x64* 120 130

Windows 7 or Vista Enterprise x32 180 190

Windows 7 or Vista Enterprise x64 220 240

Page 50: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

• DHCP• Option 66: TFTP Server• Option 67: Bootstrap file

• PXE boot services

• Boot Device Manager• Bypasses TFTP/PXE services• Allows for easier integration• Must maintain BDM.ISO file

Boot Options

Page 51: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

vDisk Images

• Goal 1 vDisk, but more is likely

• Estimate 3-4 vDisks per image• Gold• Production• Pre-production• Development

Page 52: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Dev/TestPVS Server

Production PVS ServerLibrary NAS

A0A0

Use Staging Approach …

A0 A1

Update vDisk in Private Image modeCopy the vDisk to Dev/Test Environment

A1

Copy to Library and to Production

A1Automatically Update Target Devices Upon Next Reboot

A1 A0

Operations

Page 53: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Application Delivery

SAN, NAS

XenServer XenApp

PVS

Virtual Machine

App cab files

Decompressed Rade Cache

Write Cache Storage

vDisk

Swap/temp files

App StreamProfile

SMB/CIFS File share

Page 54: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Application Delivery

SAN, NAS

XenServer XenApp

PVS

Virtual Machine

Write Cache Storage

vDisk

Swap/temp files

App StreamProfile

SMB/CIFS File share

Decompressed Rade Cache

Page 55: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

• Planning• Start with write cache on PVS Server• Start with initial size of 2 GB + swap file

• Designing• If “target device write cache” is chosen, available space must be sufficient or

OS may blue screen• Minimize network impact (limit number of hops)

• Implementing• Do NOT use PVS server• Do NOT use RAM• Use local disk (shared/local)

Write Cache Sizing Considerations

Page 56: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Optimizations

• Fixed vDisks: Fragmentation risk of dynamic vDisk during updates when size is increased

• Disable TCP Large Send Offload• Adds latency as packets re-segmented• Must be set on server and target

• No auto-negotiation • Causes latency in handshake• Can cause PXE timeout• Hard-set server/target NIC and switch ports appropriately

Page 57: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Optimizations

• File Caching• If PVS server sees drive as local drive, OS will cache• If PVS server sees drive as network drive, OS will not cache• If connection between PVS and storage is CIFS, OS will not cache

• Differential disks• Do not use• Observable decrease in responsiveness in virtual desktops

Page 58: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Desktop Delivery Layer

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Page 59: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

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XenDesktop Connection Reference

Page 60: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Scalability – XenDesktop 4.0

• Influencers• XML response times• Session logon times• Hypervisor cluster / pool size

• Farm Master recommended specs: 5,000 desktops• 2 cores (1.8GHz+)• 8 GB RAM• 2 Gbps NICs (Redundancy)

• XML Controllers recommended specs: 5,000+ desktops• 2 cores (1.8GHz+)• 4 GB RAM• 2 Gbps NICs (Redundancy)

Page 61: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Design Challenges

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Page 62: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

XenServerXenDesktop Design Challenges

• Aggregating multiple pools (if more than 16 XS hosts needed)• XenDesktop Setup Wizard can only communicate to a single pool• VM templates need to be copied to each pool

• Add backup pool master for high availability

• XenServer Storage - IOPS, Write Cache disks, HBAs, StorageLink, local RAID

• XenServer Networking - VLANs, NIC bonding, segregated networks (NFS/iSCSI)

• Host / VM Sizing – no memory overcommit so size VMs properly

• Delegated administration - Who should have access?

Page 63: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

ESXXenDesktop Design Challenges

• Pool Management start 10% of the total pool size

• Can overwhelm vCenter

• Edit Pool Management Service configuration file:• C:\Program Files\Citrix\VMManagement\CdsPoolMgr.exe.config• Modify the <appSetting> section• <add key=”MaximumTransitionRate” value=”20”/>

• Value:• VMware DRS used: 20• VMware DRS not used: 40

Page 64: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

XenDesktop Design Challenges

• SCVMM templates• Added a local write cache disk template• Disk dropped during create wizard• PowerShell scripts needed to copy/add write cache VHD to all virtual

machines after created• Process consumes about 3 hrs for 1,000 virtual machines

Hyper-V

Page 65: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

XenDesktop Design Challenges

• SCVMM server is able to run jobs asynchronously • Run multiple instances of the XD Setup Tool • Speeds up the VM creation

• Caution: the tool divides the number of virtual machines to be created equally across all the hosts on the SCVMM server

Hyper-V

Page 66: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

XenDesktop Design Challenges

• Rebooting causing huge spike in disk activity

• Rebooting all desktops from SCVMM does all VMs at once

• XenDesktop console staggers reboots, minimizes impact to storage

Hyper-V

Page 67: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Reference Architecture

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

Page 68: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

1,750 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

Page 69: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

3,500 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

PVS Server

Page 70: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

5,000 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

PVS Server PVS Server

Page 71: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

6,750 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

Page 72: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

8,500 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

Page 73: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

VDI Desktop Server

X Number of Desktops

10,000 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

Page 74: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 3Web Interface 4

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

20,000 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

Page 75: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 3Web Interface 4

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

40,000 Hosted VM-Based VDI Desktops

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 3Web Interface 4

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

Shared Storage

Provisioning Services High Availability ClusterPVS Server

Shared Storage

PVS Server

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

Web Interface 1DataStore Server

Web Interface 2License Server

Control Services

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop S

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

2000 Desktops

VDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop ServerVDI Desktop

X Number of Desktops

XD Controller XD Controller (XML1)

XD Controller (XML2)

PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server PVS Server

Page 76: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Summary

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

Page 77: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Citrix Confidential - Do Not Distribute

• Proper design requires proper understanding• Philosophy: Are you building a desktop or a server?• Users: Light, normal, power• Hardware: Bigger isn’t always better• Availability: If something fails, will anyone notice• Storms: Uncontrollable and can impact infrastructure• Operations: Who controls what?

Desktop Virtualization Done Right

Page 78: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Additional Information• White Papers

• Virtual Desktop Articles: virtualfeller.wordpress.com/documents

• Community• Ask the Architects: Citrix.com/AtA• Follow Daniel on Twitter: @djfeller • Virtualize My Desktop: virtualfeller.wordpress.com • Email Questions to: [email protected]

Page 79: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

I knew we wouldn’t be left out this

year!

Before you leave…

Page 80: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution

Before you leave…

• Recommended related breakout sessions and workshops: • SYN418W - Designing a XenDesktop Architecture• SYN332 - To 10,000 virtual desktops and beyond: best practices for scaling XenDesktop• SYN322 - Get the answers before the pilot – what you need to know before you start

your VDI project

• Continue your learning – visit www.citrix.com/SynergyEDU for more information

• Session surveys are available online at www.citrixsynergy.com starting Thursday, May 13• Provide your feedback and pick up your complimentary Starbucks or iTunes gift card at the registration

desk

• Download presentations starting Friday, May 21, from your My Schedule Tool located in your My Synergy Microsite event account

Page 81: Designing an Enterprise-class XenDesktop Solution