Design Safety and Safety Assessment Review Service (DESARS) · Design Safety and Safety Assessment Review Service (DESARS) The DESARS is an integrated IAEA design safety and safety

International Atomic Energy Agency

Technical Meeting on

Safety Challenges for New Nuclear Power Plants

Design Safety and Safety Assessment

Review Service (DESARS)

IAEA, Vienna, 22–26 June 2015

J. Yllera

IAEA, Division of Nuclear Installation Safety


History – IAEA Statute

Under Article III.A.6 of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized:

“To establish or adopt, in consultation and, where appropriate, in collaboration with the competent organs of the United Nations and with the specialized agencies concerned, standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property, and to provide for the application of these standards to its own operation as well as to the operations making use of materials, services, equipment, facilities, and information made available by the Agency…”

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Safety Standards Hierarchy

Safety Guides

Safety Requirements

Safety Fundamentals

Global Reference

Point for a High

Level of Nuclear

Safety

3

International Atomic Energy Agency 4

Safety Standards: Structure


Commission

on Safety Standards

(CSS)

Nuclear Safety

Standards

Committee (NUSSC)

Radiation Safety

Standards

Committee

(RASSC)

Waste Safety

Standards

Committee

(WASSC)

Transport

Safety

Standards

Committee

(TRANSSC)

Commission & Committees


Process Flow for the Development

of IAEA Safety Standards Outline and work plan

Prepared by the Secretariat

Review by the committees and Commission on Safety Standards

Drafting or revising of safety standard

by the Secretariat and consultants

Review by the safety

standards committee(s)

Endorsement by Commission on Safety Standards

Member States

Establishment by the IAEA’s

Director General or BoG

• SF and SRs approved by

BoG

• SGs approved by DG

Publication


Involvement of Stakeholders

7

Participation by the different stakeholders (for example, users, regulators and co-sponsors) during the drafting and review phase is a long established practice


Responsibility

for

Safety

Role of

Government

Leadership and

Management

for Safety

Justification of

Facilities and

Activities

Optimization

of Protection

Limitation of

Risks to

Individuals

Protection of

Present and

Future

Generations

Protective

Actions to

Reduce Existing

Or Unregulated

Radiation Risks

Prevention

of Accidents

Emergency

Preparedness

and Response

IAEA Fundamental Safety Principles (2006)

Safety Objective To protect people and the environment from harmful

effects of ionizing radiation

10 Safety Principles

8


Safety Standards Related to SAS

9


Requirements for Safety Assessment

GRS Part 4

Revised after the

Fukushima Daiichi

accident. The changes

relate mainly to:

• Margins to withstand

external events

• Margins to avoid cliff-

edge effects

• Multiple facilities /

activities at one site

• Cases where

resources are shared

• Human factors in

accident conditions


IAEA Relevant Safety Guides for Safety

Assessment


Requirements for Design of NPPs (SSR 2/1 )

• To be implemented by

the designer to fulfill

the fundamental safety

functions with the

appropriate level of

defence in depth

• To be used by the

reviewer of the design

(e.g. Safety Authority)

to assess the safety of

the design

2012

2000

12


IAEA Safety Standards for Design of NPPs

13


SSR 2/1 - Applicability

• Primarily for land based stationary nuclear power

plants with water cooled reactors

• It may be used, with judgement, for application to other

reactor types, to determine the requirements that have

to be considered in developing the design

• It might not be practicable to apply all the requirements

to nuclear power plants that are already in operation

• It is expected that a comparison will be made against

the current standards, for example as part of the

periodic safety review for the plant

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Status of the IAEA Safety Standards

Safety Standards are

• non binding on Member States (MSs) but may be adopted by them

• binding for IAEA’s own activities

• binding on MSs in relation to operations assisted by the IAEA or MSs wishing to enter into project agreements with IAEA


Design Safety and Safety Assessment Review Service (DESARS)

The DESARS is an integrated IAEA design

safety and safety assessment review service

to address the needs of Member States at all

stages of development and implementation of

the Nuclear Power Programme.

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DSARS OBJECTIVES

To provide to the requesting Member State a tailored, independent peer review of the plant design safety & safety assessment documentation; to make recommendations for improvements aiming at the enhancement of safety.

Review of:

• Safety of operating and new nuclear plant designs

• specific sections of the safety analysis report

• safety assessments, also related to plant modifications

• actions taken to address emerging safety issues

• countries Periodic Safety Review programme

DSARS SCOPE

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General Process

3. IMPLEMENTATION:

Staff conducts mission

at the site with support

of int’l experts

4. REPORT:

Staff finalizes the mission

report at its headquarter &

sends the report to the MS

2. PLANNING:

Staff plans & prepares the

mission in cooperation with

the requesting party

1. REQUEST:

Member State (MS)

sends a formal request

to the IAEA Staff

5. COMMUNICATION & FEEDBACK:

MS implements refinements based on recommendations and

considers inviting a follow-up mission


Generic Reactor Safety Review (GRSR)

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• DESCRIPTION → Review service conducted by the IAEA staff and international experts

to review the safety case of new reactor design against the requirements of IAEA Safety Standards on Safety Assessment for Facilities and Activities (GSR Part 4) and Safety of NPPs: Design (SSR-2/1)

• OBJECTIVE → To enable the requesting party to understand to which extent the

safety case is complete and comprehensive in addressing the requirements of the safety standards

• PROCESS → The process takes between 6-8 months to complete. Funded by the

requesting party

• OUTPUT → A report summarizing the extent to which the safety case addresses

the requirements and, if needed, recommendations for improvement of completeness and comprehensiveness are provided.


Examples of GRSRs

Russia AES 2006/Rosenergoatom Concern OJSC

Completed January 2013

China

ACPR 1000+ (Conceptual Design)/China Guangdong Nuclear Power Holding Co., LTD

Completed May 2013

Russia VVER-TOI/Rosenergoatom Concern OJSC

Completed December 2014

China ACP1000/China National Nuclear Corporation


China ACP100/China National Nuclear Corporation

Planned to start July 2015


Design Safety Review (DSR)

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• DESCRIPTION → Peer review service conducted by the IAEA staff and international

experts to review the safety of designs of nuclear power plants against the IAEA Safety Standards. The review can be limited on specific technical areas

• OBJECTIVE → To assist the requesting Member State to review the safety analysis

reports or design safety regulations for nuclear power plants and to make recommendations in order to enhance safety

• PROCESS → The process includes preparatory work by the review team and

review missions that usually last two weeks. Funded by the requesting party or through technical cooperation projects

• OUTPUT → A report summarizing the findings of the review and, if needed,

includes a set of recommendations to improve the compliance with the IAEA Safety Standards.


Examples of DSRs

Ukraine Design safety reviews of 15 NPPs


Bulgaria

Follow up of design safety review of units 5 and 6 of Kozloduy NPP

Completed May 2013

Armenia Follow up of design safety review of Metzamor NPP

Completed November 2009


Review of National Regulations

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• DESCRIPTION → Peer review service conducted by the IAEA staff and international experts

to review specific National Regulations for Design and Safety Assessment

• OBJECTIVE → To provide recommendations or suggestions to requesting Member State

(Regulatory Body) on safety regulations for design of NPPs and safety assessment for compliance with the IAEA Safety Standards.

• PROCESS → The process includes preparatory work by the review team issuing

comments and analysing responses form the Member Sate and a review missions that usually last one week. Funded by the requesting party or through technical cooperation projects

• OUTPUT → A report summarizing the findings of the review and including

recommendations and suggestions to improve the compliance with the IAEA Safety Standards.


Reviews of Regulations

The Netherlands

Review of the new regulatory document: “ Safety Requirements for Nuclear Reactors: Fundamental Safety Requirements”, also known as the Dutch Safety Requirements (DSR).

Completed June 2013

Lithuania Review of the new regulatory documents for: “Nuclear Power Plant Design” and “ Probabilistic Safety Assessment”

Completed May 2014

Documents

Design Safety and Safety Assessment Review Service (DESARS) · Design Safety and Safety Assessment Review Service (DESARS) The DESARS is an integrated IAEA design safety and safety