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Ravi Mokashi Punekar Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India DESIGN OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES INDIA

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Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

DESIGN OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

INDIA

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

CENSUS OF INDIA SURVEY 2001

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

POWER LESS!

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

POPULATION OUTBURST

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

8 % Average GDP Growth

Vibrant and fastest growing

Free Market Democracy

Spirit of enterprise

Rising incomes and Booming

markets

Young population driving

demand

Improved image for products

and services from India

INDIA 2010 …

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

VIBRANT DEMOCRACY

• A remarkable Constitution,

well developed democratic

institutions

• An independent judiciary.

• An alert free media and

• Active non-government

organizations

• Fiercely independent press

comprising 5000 dailies,

16000 weeklies, 6000

fortnightlies, radio and TV

channels

• A billion people, speak 18

different languages, worship

different Gods, and

celebrate different festivals

• Electoral process involves

670 million voters, requiring

4.5 million election

officials. Electronic voting

machines ensure paperless

voting, saving 8000 tonnes

of paper and several

thousand trees. • Source: www.ibef.org

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

INDIA’s DEVELOPMENT FOCUS

• Infrastructure development

• Information Technology

• Transport

• Over 45000 kms of new

highways by 2015

• Over 90,000 MW of power

generation capacity

• Over 250 million telecom

subscribers by 2010

• 1000 million tonnes of

cargo handling capacity

• Upgradation and

modernization of 114

international and national

airports to handle 100

million passengers anually

by 2014

• Indian Railways passenger

carrying capacity to touch

9000 million per annum by

2014.

• Source: www.ibef.org

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Globalising India - from protection to competition

Threat of imports to Indian industry

Limited presence of Indian brands to take on transnational /

multinational brands’ competition

New Developments: Designs Act 2000

Patents Act (Amendment) 1999

Intellectual Property Rights Regime

Strategies to strengthen industry In the global marketplace

Manufacturing Driven by Labour costs or Productivity

Technology Driving human choices globally

Quality International bench marks

IN THE COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT

CHANGING ROLE OF DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

The new value Indian middle class consumer

has become more conscious about design &

THE NEW VALUE INDIAN CONSUMER

Quality of life

through better products

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design and Sustainability

Challenges and Opportunities

Minimising Resources

Choosing Low Impact Resources

Optimising Product Life

Extending Material Life

Simplifying Disassembly

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design and Sustainability

Challenges and Opportunities

Minimising Resources

minimizing material consumption

minimising energy consumption

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

New Design Methods

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

New Design Methods: Introduction

Natural science paradigm to the humanities paradigm Digitalization in the 1990s. Design concepts for hardware and software required empirical testing

Relevance of Alexander's Pattern Language

The linearity of design processes was abandoned. (problem - analysis - solution)

The focus shifted to the stratified nature of users' needs and interests

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Mind Mapping

Most radical departure from linear or diverse feedback mechanisms. Developed by Tony Buzan in the 1970s (Buzan 1991, 2002). Designed to assist in structuring problems, product development, and process planning.

When linear thinking is abandoned, intuitive leaps and innovative ideas and products often result.

The interactive nature of this method provides for extremely versatile problem descriptions and thus holds great potential for innovation.

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

The Scenario Technique

In the field of project and product planning, the hypothetical sequence of events constructed to take into account causal connections. E.g.

- How will people live in the future?

- Which products for the future way of life?

- How and where will these be produced?

- How will the sale of these products be changed (by new technologies)?

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Mood Charts

To visualize the life-worlds of users (their mood).

The market fields in which companies are active.

Then serves as the context for the work of design.

Useful for internal communication

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India mood charts

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Empirical Methods

At the decline of postmodernism, design could not rely on creative or clever designs.

Companies wanted (and had) to be certain long before launching new products that these would find acceptance among potential customers. The processes developed for this purpose are finding increasing application for both products (hardware) and software (interfaces).

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Target Group Determination through

Milieus Traditional socio-demographic characteristics (age, education, gender, income, and place of residence) have become largely irrelevant, so now the point is to determine and categorize the habits of the target groups (which indeed run along different lines than classical characteristics).

In his work of cultural sociology, Erlebniswelten (Worlds of Experience), Gerhard Schulze (1992) combined such life-worlds into what he called "milieus."

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Product Clinics

Method is to present new products to a series of test subjects (potential buyers)

To question them from various perspectives.

This can be done using sketches or renderings, preliminary or final models, computer-simulated models, or even prototypes.

The questions scientifically designed so that the results can be verified and compared.

Product clinics can produce reliable results using even relatively small random samples (of five to eight subjects).

Designs must be judged in their respective (future) contexts.

Product Clinics

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Product Clinics

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

NID Non-Intentional Design

The Cologne-based design professor Uta Brandes (1999, 2000)

pursues a completely different kind of empiricism, investigating

the question of how products are actually used after they have

been purchased.

Things do not actually receive their real meaning until they are

used.

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Collaborative Design

collaborative design,

co-creation,

codesign,

participatory design.

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

In Norway, Sweden and Denmark, the Collective Resource Approach was established to increase the value of industrial production by engaging workers in the development of new systems for the workplace.

Eric von Hippel (2005) works with “lead users” in co-creative activities. Lead users are people who have already explored innovative ways to get things done and who are willing to share their approaches with others.

Collaborative Design

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

“The meaning of value and the process of value creation are rapidly shifting from a product- and firm-centric view to personalized consumer experiences. Informed, networked, empowered and active consumers are increasingly co-creating value with the firm.” (Prahalad and Ramaswamy, 2004). Jungk’s observation that “participation at the moment of idea generation” and “participation at the moment of decision” is gaining in interest.

Collaborative Design

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

EMERGING TRENDS IN DESIGN RESEARCH

changes over time in the landscape of design research

Elizabeth B.-N. Sanders, Ph.D.

Peter Kwok Chan, Ph.D.

Department of Industrial, Interior and Visual

Communication Design, The Ohio State University,

Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India

Design at IIT Guwahati DIVERSITY AND DESIGN

Ravi Mokashi Punekar

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati / /Dept. Of Design / India