Design of Intelligent Home Appliance Control System Based on ARM and ZigBee

Xiangyang Li1 ,Weiqiang Zhang2 ,Hujing3

Institute of Information Engineering &Technical, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China Institute of Information Engineering &Technical, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China Institute of Information Engineering &Technical, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China

Email:xiangyangsina@163.com

AbstractThis paper introduces the intelligent home appliance control system, the system is developed through ARMmicroprocessor, embedded Linux operating system, ZigBee wireless communication technology and network technology. Itgives the overall framework of hardware and software design, and describes ways to implement the system. User can control appliances through hand-held mobile terminal.

Keywords-intelligent home appliance; ARM; embedded Linux; ZigBee; hand-held mobile terminal

I. INTRODUCTION Intelligent information appliance is the main direction of

development in the appliance control field. Intelligent appliance network has small amount and low speed of data transmission; there are many appliances in family and it needs more network capacity. ZigBee is developed in recent years, a short-range wireless communications technology, with low-power, low data rate, short distance, low cost, safe and reliable. In this paper, based on ZigBee technology, the ARM microprocessor and embedded Linux operating system as the core of the intelligent appliance control system to do the research.

II. THE OVERALL PLAN OF SYSTERM The overall structure of intelligent appliance control

system can be divided into hand-held control terminal, ZigBee network and appliances terminal three parts. Hand-held control terminal uses advanced touch screen technology and various appliances are displayed as icons on the touch screen for control. ZigBee network is used to connect various appliances within the home LAN, including information appliances and environment control two sections [1]. Each section contains multiple nodes, each node is a communication terminal, each terminal node is independent of each other, any node failure will not affect the operation of other nodes. Each appliance installed a ZigBee node to communicate with the control terminal. The overall block diagram of intelligent appliance control system is shown in Figure 1.

Control Center uses 32-bit embedded RISC processor based ARM11 architecture. ZigBee wireless module isembedded in control center and various appliances, in order to

achieve wireless connectivity appliances and intelligent control of appliances.

Figure 1. The overall block diagram of intelligent appliance control system

ARMS3C6410Control Center

Touch Screen

ZigBee Control Center

ZigBee

Terminal

ZigBee

Terminal

ZigBee

Terminal

ZigBee

Terminal

ZigBee

Terminal

TV

Air-

conditioning

Fridge

Lamp

Window

260978-1-4577-1415-3/12/$26.00 2012 IEEE

III. HARDWARE DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM

A. ZigBee device IEEE 802.15.4 [2] defines two device types: FFD (Full

Function Device) and RFD (Reduced Function Device). FFD supports three topologies, it can be a network coordinator or router and communicate with any devices. RFD is only used in star topology, it can not be the network coordinator and can only communicate with network coordinator and router [3]. Table 1 shows three types of device defined by ZigBee protocol.

TABLE I. ZIGBEE PROTOCOL DEVICE TYPE

ZigBee device IEEE device type

Typical features

Coordinator FFD Each network must have one and only one, form a network, network address assignment, save the binding

Router FFD Optional,expand the scope of the physical network so that more nodes join the network

Terminal device

RFD/FFD Optional, implement monitoring andcontrol

B. ZigBee chip selection TI's CC2430 is a true System on Chip (SoC) CMOS

solution. This solution can improve performance and meet the ZigBee-based low-cost, low power requirements. It combines a high performance 2.4GHz DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) RF transceiver core and a compact and efficient 8051 industrial controllers [4].

CC2430 chip uses 0.18m CMOS process of production. In receive and transmit modes, current consumption is less than 25mA or 27mA. The characteristics of CC2430's sleep mode and ultra-short time of switching to active mode are particularly suitable for the application of requiring long battery life.

C. ZigBee Network Model The ZigBee network mainly selects three network methods:

star network, tree network and mesh network. Each ZigBee network requires at least one FFD to realize the network coordinated function [5].

Mesh network is developed from tree network and can implement any communication between nodes. It has a good ability to adapt to the environment, each node in the network is a small router. Mesh network can provide a multi-route network environment, information can flow freely in this network, automatically finding the best path and fast transferring. The design uses mesh network, ZigBee mesh network topology is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. ZigBee mesh network topology

D. The design of ZigBee smart socketThe hardware of smart socket include micro control center,

ZigBee module, switch driver module, short circuit / overload protection module, power / voltage detection module, local switch circuit and power module. The block diagram is shown in Figure3.

Figure 3. ZigBee smart socket

Micro Control Center handled the switch control signal from control equipment and uploaded switch status, fault conditions, power / voltage data of equipment. Switch driver module is a 20A high-power relay. It meets most of the appliances of rated power. Power module is power center of each modules, it takes power directly from the mains supply

micro control center

ZigBee module

local switch

indicatorshort circuit / overload protection

switch driver

power module

power / voltage detection

Coordinator FFD RFD

261

and uses a linea regulated power supply. The schematic of Linear regulated power supply is shown in Figure 4.

9V/1.5W

T11

1

470uF/25V

E10.1uF

C10.1uFC2

+5V

Vin1

GN

D2

Vout 3

78L05

W1

E2220u/25V

12V/1WZ1

+12V

L

N

220V/0.5W

FU1

10D471Y1 IN4007

D4

IN4007D5

IN4007D7

IN4007D6

Figure 4. Linear regulated power supply

E. The design of control center Control center is the core component of intelligent home

appliance system, it is actually a full-featured embedded systems. Hardware design uses a powerful ARM11 chip [6] and other functional modules. Touch screen is man-machine interface, user can control home appliances through it. ZigBee wireless module implements the communication of home device. The hardware structure is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. The hardware structure of control center

IV. SOFTWARE DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM

A. Embedded operating system Embedded operating system is the soul of embedded

system, it is very important to choose a suitable embedded operating system. The open source code, extensive technical support, good scalability, support of many hardware are all unique advantages of embedded Linux. Linux can be customized and its minimum system kernel is only about 134KB. The core program with Chinese system and graphical user interface can also be less than 1MB. Linux's stability, reliability and operating efficiency has been proven [7]. In addition, it is compatible with most Unix systems and easy to develop and port applications. Linux has excellent network

support. So this article was designed with embedded Linux operating system.

B. Software process of ZigBee communication ZigBee coordinator establishes and maintains the home

network, it receives control commands from ARM controller and forwards to other Zigbee devices. The system uses the network topology, the set-up of network includes system initialization, network topology update and node communication. Home gateway is the system master, it leads the whole process of network set-up. It communicates with many nodes and controls and configures them when system is running. In addition, the home gateway must be able to discover the change of network topology and achieve network self-organizing feature. Network formation and communication processes are shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.

Figure 6. ZigBee coordinator workflow

N

N

Y

Y

Y

System initialization

Establish Network

Collection of node information

Send control information

System power

Wait for serial data

Wait node response

Upload collect information

ARM11S3C6410

SDRAM

Flash

Wireless WiFiRS232

ZigBee module

4.3-inch touch screen

power module

262

Figure 7. ZigBee terminal devices workflow

ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe design uses ARMS3C6410 as the core device and

combines ZigBee wireless communication technology and embedded Linux operating system make research on intelligent appliance control system. User can easily control home appliances through the touch screen mobile terminal.

Project is supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (NO.61071049), Zhejiang Science and Technology Project of China (NO.2010C31116), Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Province Education Department (NO.Z200908632), Ningbo Nature Science Foundation (NO.2009A610066), and the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Ningbo University (NO.G10JA008).

REFERENCES[1] Zigbee Alliance website, http://www.zigbee.org. [2] IEEE std. 802.15.4 - 2003: Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC)

and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications for Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs)

[3] Kiumi Akingbehin, Akinsola Akingbehin.,Alternatives for Short Range Low PowerWireless Communications, IEEE.2005: 94 - 95.

[4] X. H. Zhang, C. L. Zhang, and J. L. Fang, Smart sensor nodes for wireless soil temperature monitoring systems in precision agriculture, Nongye Jixie Xuebao, vol. 40, pp.237-240, 2009.

[5] QIN Tinghao, DOU Xiaoqian, Application of ZigBee Technology in Wireless Sensor Network, Instrumentation Technology, 2007, pp.57-59.

[6] ChunLei Du, ARM Architecture and Programming, First Edition, Tsinghua University Press,2003.2:2~3.

[7] DongShan Wei, Complete Guide to Embedded Linux Application Development, First Edition, Posts & Telecom Press,2008.8:5~9.

N

N

Y

Y

Y

System initialization

Connected to the network

Enter sleep

Send control commands

System power

Wait control commands

Wait for feedback

Display status

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