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IJCSIET--International Journal of Computer Science information and Engg., Technologies ISSN 2277-4408 || 01032016-002
IJCSIET-ISSUE6-VOLUME1-SERIES3 Page 1
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI STORIED
COMMERICAL BUILDING BY USING STAAD PRO
M CHIRANJEEVI, P.SANTOSH KUMAR
ABSTARCT:
In Academic Institutions It
Necessary To Construct Hostel
Buildings.In This Project We Are
Planned To Design The Hostel
Buildings With Addition Also By
Using Staad Pro To Analyse The
Same Structure.
INTRODUCTION
The rapid growth of
population, large-scale
industrialization and very high land
cost has vast expansion in building
construction industry. As land
utilization has been of the utmost
priority and horizontal expansion is
not possible, therefore vertical
expansion is chosen by the city
planners, developers and architects.
Hence multi-storeyed structure is
considered to be the best solution. It
is a result of this idea, that there
exist skyscrapers in the world today.
A multi-storeyed structure
is a rigid network of frames
consisting of a number of beams,
columns and footings. The overall
approach for the design of a multi-
storeyed structure covers the
structural safety.
ADVANTAGES OF MULTI-
STOREYED STRUCTURES:
Multi-storeyed structure
accommodates large number of
people in a limited area, compared
to an individual residential building
in the same area. This avails a large
portion of open space at higher
levels for creating natural
environment, ensuring better
lighting, greater air flow and
freedom from street noise. These
structures, hence can be termed a
space saving and the space
generating structures. These can be
used as multipurpose structures for
educational, commercial,
recreational, residential purposes, as
parking centers, etc. there exists a
feeling of security and oneness in
the inmates of the apartments.
DISADVANTAGES OF MULTI
–STOREYED STRUCTRES:
Some demerits like high
volume flow of traffic, parking
difficulties, pumping of water or
water supply, social problem, etc. In
spite of all these things, multi-
storeyed structures are most
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preferred by people, with the will of
having a shelter of their own and
due to affordable cost.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
FOR PLANNING OF
BUILDINGS:
The purpose of intended
buildings and facilities provided for
the occupants to achieve the said
purpose has to be considered before
the planning of building. The
residential building need to be
planned according to the kind of
occupants and the particular
category of building like LIG, MIG
and HIG, prior to the planning of
building. Orientation of the building
is first considered. Orientation of the
building means setting the plan for
the building so that its main front
faces particular direction, which
allows the future occupants of the
building enjoy the utmost gifts of
nature i.e., light and wind. The
orientation of a building should be
such that it allows neither excessive
nor deficient amount of air and light
to enter the building.
Planning consists of deciding
the sizes and shapes of individual
flats or rooms according to their
functions, grouping them with
proper correlation and arranging the
entire plan to suit the purpose of the
intended building structure. The
various principles of planning are as
follows:
Aspect
Flexibility
Sanitation
Roominess
Elegance
Prospect
Grouping
Economy
Circulation
Privacy
Furniture
requirements
considerations
Finally, the building planned
should be economical, with all the
requirements of the building being
satisfied.
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN OF THE
PRESENT BUILDING: The
building designed is a Multi-
Storeyed residential apartment with
the configuration G+4, i.e. a ground
floor plus 4 storey. The ground floor
is meant for use as cellar for parking
facilities to the residents of the
apartments complex is designed with
two-bedrooms in each flat.
The two bedroom units are
provided with a living hall, a dining
hall, a kitchen, utility space, two
toilets and verandahs.
Proper ventilation is provided
which give good light and air to the
IJCSIET--International Journal of Computer Science information and Engg., Technologies ISSN 2277-4408 || 01032016-002
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inmates of each flat, which induces a
pleasant environment in each of the
flats, further yielding in good health
and mental conditions of the inmates
of each unit.
ANALYSIS
Any Multi-storeyed
structure is subjected to both vertical
and horizontal load; the vertical load
consists of dead weight of structural
components such as beams, slabs,
column etc, and live load coming on
the structure. The horizontal or
lateral loads consists of wind force
and earthquake forces. In Multi-
Storeyed building, when the
connections of beams and columns
are fully rigid, structure, as a whole
is capable of resisting the lateral
forces acting on the structure.
Analytical approach for the
evaluation of the basic structural
system is of great importance in the
study of multi-storeyed structure.
The basic method of structural
analysis will help to develop and
understanding of structural behavior
of the building and to assist
engineers to produce safe, functional
and cost effective designs.
The fundamental purpose of
structural analysis is to determine
the magnitude of forces and
displacement for each element of a
design system, for a given set of
design loads. Efficient design is
possible only through effective
structural analysis. The degree of
sophistication to which a structural
analysis is carried out depends on
the importance of the structure.
Wide ranges of approaches have
been used for structures of various
heights.
A Multi-Storeyed building
frame is a three-dimensional or a
space structure. It is idealized as a
system of interconnected two-
dimensional vertical frames along
the two mutually perpendicular
horizontal axes for analysis. These
frames are analyzed independently.
DESIGN CONCEPTS
The basic aim of structural design is
that the structure should be
safe,fulfill its intended purpose
during its intended life span, and be
economical with regard to its first
cost and its maintenance cost.
The design of structure usually
consists of two stages – The first
stage involves the selection of an
appropriate type and form of the
structure. And the second stage
consists of detailed design of various
components of the chosen structure.
The design method aims at
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guaranteeing adequate safety against
the structure being unfit for use.
METHODS OF DESIGN:
1. Working stress method
2. Limit state method.
WORKING STRESS METHOD:
This method of design was
evolved around 1900 and was the
first theoretical method accepted by
National codes of practice for design
of reinforced concrete sections. The
conventional Working stress design
method is based on the behavior of
the structure at working load. The
stress distribution in concrete at
working stress is assumed to be
linear. The stress in concrete and
steel do not exceed the allowable
working stresses at service loads.
This method ensures
satisfactory behaviour of structure at
working load but gives no indication
of actual margin of safety against
collapse. At the ultimate load
carrying capacity cannot be
predicted accurately.
STAAD PRO RESULTS
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CONCLUSION:
Here by we conclude our project in which we have successfully
completed the design of a hostel in all aspects as calculation of base shear, base
moment, base reactions and lumped masses by performing gravity load analysis
and even considering the techniques as staad pro also.