rnlsioobn.orb579454791428081466982 Description of a new ... · 32 to 36 vertebrae). From Tatia reticulata Mees, 1974, by posterior margin of dorsal spine with small denticulations,

Neotropical Ichthyology

Neotropical Ichthyology 18(1) e190111 2020 118

httpsdoiorg1015901982-0224-2019-0111

urnlsidzoobankorgpub579454D7-B9B1-4EF2-8B0F-F8146ECC6982

Original article

Description of a new species of Tatia from rio Tocantins drainage central Brazil with notes on Tatia simplex Mees 1974 (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae)

Jordson de Souza e Souza1

Luisa M Sarmento-Soares23

Andreacute L Colares Canto4 and

Frank Raynner V Ribeiro14

Tatia comprises twenty-five valid species distributed in the main inland watersheds of South America including the Orinoco Essequibo and coastal rivers of Suriname Amazon upper rio Paranaacute and Satildeo Francisco basins A new species is described from tributaries of upper rio Manuel Alves on uplands of Serra Geral do Tocantins plateau Tocantins State Brazil It is promptly distinguished from all congeners except Tatia britskii due to absence of an adipose fin It differs from T britskii by the longer caudal peduncle length (241ndash305 SL mean 253 vs 200ndash227 mean 209) caudal peduncle depth (109ndash168 SL mean 141 vs 94ndash105 mean 98) and anterior cranial border with mesethmoid width equals its length (vs width approximately three times its length in T britskii) Additionally information regarding the poorly known species Tatia simplex originally described from rio das Mortes is provided

Keywords Neotropical Ostariophysi South America Systematics Taxonomy

1 Programa de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Recursos Aquaacuteticos Continentais Amazocircnicos Instituto de Ciecircncias e Tecnologia das Aacuteguas Universidade Federal do Oeste do Paraacute Avenida Mendonccedila Furtado 2946 68040-470 Santareacutem PA Brazil (JSS) jordsonssouzagmailcom (FRVR) fraynneryahoocombr

2 Programa de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Biologia Animal Universidade Federal do Espiacuterito Santo Preacutedio da Biologia Cacircmpus de Goiabeiras 29043-900 Vitoacuteria ES Brazil sarmentosoaresgmailcom

3 Laboratoacuterio de Ecologia e evoluccedilatildeo de Peixes Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana Avenida Transnordestina sn - Novo Horizonte 44036-900 Feira de Santana BA Brazil

4 Instituto de Ciecircncias e Tecnologia das Aacuteguas Universidade Federal do Oeste do Paraacute Avenida Mendonccedila Furtado 2946 68040-470 Santareacutem PA Brazil (ALCC) cantoandregmailcom

CorrespondenceLuisa M Sarmento-Soares

sarmentosoaresgmailcom

Submitted September 21 2019

Accepted December 10 2019

by Fernando Carvalho

Published April 20 2020

Online version ISSN 1982-0224

Print version ISSN 1679-6225

Neotrop Ichthyol

vol 18 no 1 Maringaacute 2020

Epub Apr 17 2020

scielobrni | sbibiobrni

New Tatia from Tocantins river drainage


Tatia abriga vinte e cinco espeacutecies vaacutelidas distribuiacutedas nos maiores sistemas fluviais de aacuteguas interiores da Ameacuterica do Sul como o Orinoco Essequibo e rios costeiros do Suriname Amazonas alto Paranaacute e Satildeo Francisco Uma espeacutecie nova eacute descrita para tributaacuterios do alto rio Manuel Alves nos contrafortes da Serra Geral do Tocantins estado do Tocantins Brasil A espeacutecie nova eacute facilmente distinguida de todos os congecircneres exceto Tatia britskii pela ausecircncia de nadadeira adiposa Difere de T britskii pelo maior comprimento do peduacutenculo caudal (241ndash305 CP meacutedia 253 vs 200ndash227 CP meacutedia 209) altura do peduacutenculo caudal (109ndash168 SL mean 141 vs 94ndash105 mean 98) e margem craniana anterior com largura do mesetmoide igual a seu comprimento (vs largura aproximadamente trecircs vezes no seu comprimento em T britskii) Adicionalmente satildeo fornecidas informaccedilotildees sobre Tatia simplex uma espeacutecie pouco conhecida descrita para o rio das Mortes

Palavras-chave Ameacuterica do Sul Neotropical Ostariophysi Sistemaacutetica Taxonomia

INTRODUCTION

Tatia Miranda Ribeiro 1911 is currently the most species-rich genus in Centromochlinae comprising twenty-five valid species of small-sized catfish present in all inland South American large drainages east of the Andes as the Orinoco basin in Venezuela and Colombia Amazon basin from Ecuador to Brazil coastal rivers of northern South America between the mouths of the Orinoco and Amazon rivers and upper rio Paranaacute and Satildeo Francisco basins (Soares-Porto 1998 Ferraris 2003 2007 Sarmento-Soares Buckup 2005 Akama Sarmento-Soares 2007 Sarmento-Soares Birindelli 2015 Calegari et al 2019) The monophyly of the genus is supported by 13 molecular and three non-exclusive morphological synapomorphies coronomeckelian bone obliquely positioned hyomandibula and metapterygoid separated from each other and contralateral anteromedial processes of basipterygium sutured to each other on anterior portion (Calegari et al 2019)

In the rio Tocantins drainage Tatia is represented by two species namely T intermedia (Steindachner 1877) and T simplex Mees 1974 (Ferraris 2007 Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro 2008) Tatia simplex is poorly understood taxonomically Its description was based on a single juvenile specimen (285 mm SL) collected in 1968 at rio das Mortes Mato Grosso State Brazil Since its original description by Mees (1974) the species was kept under the name Centromochlus simplex in taxonomic lists and catalogues with geographic distribution reported only to the type locality (eg Ferraris 2003 2007) No additional material of the species was identified for thirty years until the generic revision of Tatia by Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro (2008) Although keept as incertae sedis in Centromochlinae (Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro 2008 Tab 1) Tatia simplex appears as a valid Tatia species in recent contribution (Calegari et al 2019)

Jordson de S Souza Luisa M Sarmento-Soares Andreacute L C Canto Frank R V Ribeiro

scielobrni | sbibiobrni Neotropical Ichthyology 18(1) e190111 2020 318

In this study a new species of Tatia from the upper rio Tocantins is described and the identity and geographic distribution of T simplex is revised

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Osteological preparations were cleared and stained (CS) for cartilage and bone using the method of Taylor Van Dyke (1985) Osteological data were obtained from radiographs for species poorly represented in ichthyological collections Specimens examined as radiographs are noted as ldquoRxrdquo in the Comparative Material section Osteological nomenclature follows the Teleost Anatomy Ontology (Dahdul et al 2010) with exceptions based on Birindelli (2014) Orientation of dentations on pectoral-fin spine as in Vanscoy et al (2015) Drawings of cleared and stained specimens were rendered by camera lucida Photographs of structural details were taken using a digital camera coupled to a Leica stereomicroscope Species comparisons in diagnosis were provided based on direct examination of specimens all mentioned in comparative material section

Counts and measurements were made on the left side of the specimens whenever possible All measurements are expressed as percents of standard length (SL) except subunits of the head which are expressed as percents of head length (HL) Straight-line measurements were taken with a digital dial caliper to the nearest 01 mm Measurements and counts follow Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro (2008) Counts of fin rays and bony elements were obtained from alcohol preserved and CS specimens Fin ray counts include anteriormost spine (capital Roman numeral) or unbranched ray (lower case Roman numeral) and all subsequent branched rays (Arabic numeral) Caudal-fin ray counts included all principal rays (ie all inner branched rays and the first unbranched ray of the dorsal and ventral lobes also referred to as outer principal rays) Gill rakers of the anterolateral row were counted on the first branchial arch (ceratobranchial+ epibranchial) Branchiostegal rays and procurrent caudal-fin rays were taken from cleared and stained specimens Vertebral counts include the five elements incorporated into the Weberian complex plus one terminal element associated with the hypural complex (following Vari Ferraris 2013) Vertebral counts were taken from cleared and stained specimens or radiographs Standard length (SL) is expressed in mm and all other measurements are expressed as percentage of the SL except subunits of the head which are expressed as percentage of the head length

Institutional abbreviations follows Sabaj Peacuterez (2010) with the exception of Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlacircntica [formely Museu de Biologia Professor Mello Leitatildeo] Santa Teresa (MBML) Coleccedilatildeo Ictioloacutegica do Nuacutecleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia Ictiologia e Aquicultura Universidade Estadual de Maringaacute Maringaacute (NUP) Ichthyological collection Universidade Federal do Oeste do Paraacute Santareacutem (UFOPA-I) In the list of comparative material examined the museum abbreviation and catalog number are followed by the total number of specimens in that lot range of standard length cleared and stained (CS) or radiograph (Rx) and abbreviated collection data




RESULTSTatia akroa new species

urnlsidzoobankorgact4ECA989 8-25FD-417D-90F8-4C757A37C2A0

(Fig 1 Tab 1)

Holotype UFOPA-I 671 384 mm SL Brazil Tocantins State rio Tocantins basin rio Perdida 9deg11ʼ2344ʼʼS 47deg15ʼ5914ʼʼW 30 May 2013 L Brito

Paratypes MZUSP 82349 14 2 CS 273ndash354 mm SL rio Palma near village of Taipas on road Dianoacutepolis-Conceiccedilatildeo do Tocantins Dianoacutepolis 23 Nov 2002 C R Moreira J C Nolasco UFOPA-I 670 1 CS 3426 mm SL collected with the holotype

Diagnosis Tatia akroa differs from its congeners except T britskii by the absence of adipose fin (vs present) Differs from T britskii by the caudal peduncle length (241ndash305 SL mean 253 vs 200ndash227 mean 209) caudal peduncle depth (109ndash168 SL mean 141 vs 94ndash105 mean 98) mesethmoid broad in the new species smallest width approximately equal to its length whereas slender in T britskii (smallest width approximately three times length see Sarmento-Soares Birindelli 2014 fig 2) Further differs from T simplex by the posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine smooth (vs with 1 to 3 distal denticulations) Further differs from Tatia aulopygia Kner 1857 Tatia brunnea Mees 1974 T caxiuanensis Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro 2008 Tatia dunni (Fowler 1945) Tatia galaxias Mees 1974 Tatia gyrina (Eigenmann Allen 1942) Tatia jaracatia Pavanelli Bifi 2009 Tatia intermedia T meesi Sarmento-Soares Martins Pinheiro 2008 T neivai (Ihering 1930) and Tatia strigata Soares-Porto 1995 by the cranial roof with two nuchal plates (vs cranial roof with three nuchal plates anterior one smallest somewhat rounded) and by dotted color pattern on sides of body (vs color pattern spotted or reticulated on flanks) Additionally distinct from Tatia bockmanni (Sarmento-Soares Buckup 2005) Tatia concolor Mees 1974 Tatia marthae Vari Ferraris 2013 Tatia punctata Mees 1974 by coracoid process somewhat large about same length as pectoral-fin base (vs coracoid process small comparatively shorter than pectoral fin base) Further differs from Tatia boemia Koch Reis 1996 Tatia caudosignata DoNascimiento Albornoz-Garzoacuten Garciacutea-Melo 2019 and T nigra Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro 2008 by the number of post-Weberian vertebrae 30 (vs between 32 to 36 vertebrae) From Tatia reticulata Mees 1974 by posterior margin of dorsal spine with small denticulations less than half in the width of spine axis (vs well-formed retrorse denticulations about same width as spine axis) From Tatia melanoleuca Vari Calegari 2014 Tatia musaica Royero 1992 Tatia orca (Sarmento-Soares Lazzarotto Rapp Py-Daniel Leitatildeo 2017) by small number of posterior denticulations 11ndash15 (vs large number of posterior denticulations on pectoral-spine more than 20)

Description Morphometric data presented in Tab 1 Small size examined adult specimens 383ndash493 mm SL Body short head slightly depressed anteriorly progressively more elevated posteriorly In dorsal view profile of head longer than



FIGURE 1 | Tatia akroa lateral dorsal and ventral views UFOPA-I 671 holotype male 388 mm SL rio Perdida tributary of rio Sono rio

Tocantins basin Tocantins State Brazil




TABLE 1 | Morphometric data of holotype and 16 paratypes of Tatia akroa Holotype included in the ranges and means SD = Standard

Deviation

Holotype Range Mean SD

Standard length (mm) 332 272ndash355 312 -

Percents of standard length

Body depth 182 182ndash221 200 11

Body width 197 193ndash220 206 08

Caudal peduncle depth 123 108ndash168 141 13

Caudal peduncle length 305 241ndash305 253 20

Predorsal length 433 312ndash433 340 35

Preanal length 743 629ndash766 705 29

Prepelvic length 583 512ndash632 562 31

Dorsal origin to pectoral origin 70 70ndash122 97 11

Dorsal origin to pelvic origin 202 202ndash261 237 17

Pectoral origin to pelvic origin 320 309ndash406 341 24

Prepectoral length 252 214ndash289 239 19

Dorsal-fin base length 118 105ndash127 114 07

Anal-fin base length 103 88ndash132 111 13

Dorsal fin spine length 137 123ndash173 147 12

Pectoral fin spine length 281 203ndash282 240 23

Humeral spine lenght 170 136ndash189 170 12

Longest pelvic fin ray 100 85ndash113 99 07

Maxillary barbel length 383 311ndash436 378 36

Outer mental barbel length 102 81ndash125 101 13

Inner mental barbel length 71 40ndash80 66 12

Head length 300 246ndash307 281 16

Percents of head length

Head width 593 449ndash639 573 43

Head depth 488 406ndash576 472 43

Interorbital distance 472 461ndash579 502 39

Left internarial width 165 128ndash212 171 19

Anterior Internarial distance 283 224ndash299 267 22

Posterior internarial distance 312 300ndash382 333 24

Snout length 295 279ndash385 331 31

Orbital diameter 283 211ndash327 258 37

Mouth width 374 374ndash505 426 30

broad slightly convex from snout tip to pectoral-fin insertion In lateral view dorsal profile of body from dorsal-fin base to caudal fin slightly to distinctly convex Ventral profile of head and abdomen almost straight Greatest body width at pectoral-fin origin Ventral profile of body gently concave between anal-fin base and caudal-fin



origin Greatest body depth at origin of dorsal fin Trunk from dorsal-fin base to caudal peduncle gradually compressed Head integument thick obscuring bones of cranial roof adipose eyelid weakly developed eye lateral on anterior portion of head mouth terminal upper lip extended posterolaterally fleshy rictal fold well developed snout margin rounded in dorsal view anterior nostril tubular located on anterior border of snout posterior nostril somewhat larger rounded limited anteriorly by small skin flap transverse distance between anterior nostrils slightly smaller than distance between posterior ones Maxillary barbel elongate reaching approximately vertical through middle of dorsal-fin or beyond adpressed maxillary barbel fits in groove on the lateral portion of head immediately above rictal fold and below eye mental barbels very short tips not reaching pectoral-fin base bases of barbels arranged in arc along ventral surface of jaw inner mental barbel about two-thirds length of outer mental (635ndash677 in outer mental) Posterior process of cleithrum moderately large almost reaching vertical through base of dorsal-fin spine Coracoid process developed about same length as pectoral-fin base

Dorsal fin II5 originated slightly posterior to vertical through origin of pectoral fin spinelet rigid triangular in frontal view covered by thin layer of skin dorsal-fin spine straight strong pungent shorter than first branched ray with filamentous tip anterior margin of dorsal-fin spine with 9ndash15 denticulations posterior margin smooth (n = 6) first branched ray longest subsequent rays decreasing gradually in length last dorsal-fin ray approximately half length of first branched ray distal margin of dorsal fin rounded Adipose fin absent Pectoral fin I5 pectoral spine rigid pungent anterior margin with 15ndash19 denticulations posterior margin with 11ndash15 denticulations (n = 6) pectoral-fin spine denticulations becoming progressively more prominent distally first branched ray longest subsequent rays decreasing in length posterior margin of pectoral fin obliquely truncate Pelvic fin i5 origin at or slightly posterior to middle of body first branched ray longest subsequent rays decreasing in length posterior pelvic-fin margin straight or slightly rounded Anal fin ii-iii6 (n=4) or ii-iii 7 (n=13) origin approximately on last third of standard length posterior to vertical through tips of pelvic-fn rays last ray unbranched first and second branched rays longest distal margin rounded Caudal fin i15i deeply forked with approximately rounded lobes dorsal and ventral caudal-fin lobes equal in length outer principal rays unbranched seven branched rays on dorsal lobe and eight branched rays on ventral lobe 14ndash17 upper procurrent 13ndash15 lower procurrent rays (n = 3)

Rostral border of cranium with mesethmoid longer than broad premaxilla with synchondral articulation cranial fontanel narrow and elliptical enclosed by mesethmoid and frontals (Fig 2) Nasal ossified as short tubular bone situated between mesethmoid cornua and lateral ethmoid not sutured to mesethmoid Lateral ethmoid not participating in dorsal face of cephalic shield Autopalatine rod-like oriented almost parallel to longitudinal axis of body maxilla slightly elongated about twice the size of autopalatine vomer arrow-shaped with short rostral-lateral processes Jaws of equal size premaxilla and dentary slender each with two or three rows of robust conical teeth Anterior nuchal plate absent middle nuchal plate slightly concave along lateral margins posterior nuchal plate short projected laterally with prominent tip Epioccipital process very small (Fig 2)

Hyomandibula broad projected anteriorly connected to both quadrate and




FIGURE 2 | Neurocranium of Tatia akroa UFOPA-I 670 343 mm SL Dorsal view Abbreviations ep epioccipital fo cranial fontanel fr

frontal le lateral ethmoid me mesethmoid na nasal n2 second nuchal plate n3 third nuchal plate pe pterotic ps posttemporal-

supracleitrum pt pterotic so supraoccipital sp sphenotic Scale bar = 3 mm

metapterygoid through cartilage and deeply dentate suture Metapterygoid as a wide lamina joined to quadrate via suture (Fig 3) Quadrate trapezoidal with broad base sutured to preopercle hyomandibula and metapterygoid long preopercle ventral margins sutured to both quadrate and hyomandibula suprapreopercle present as long canal bone preopercular canal exiting on anterior portion of pterotic Opercle laminate ornamented and broadly subtriangular

Hyoid arch with compact parurohyal with short ventral process short dorsal hypohyal associated with comparatively large ventral hypohyal anterior ceratohyal well developed posterior ceratohyal smaller than others one branchiostegal ray articulated to hyoid arch six branchiostegal rays four slender rays associated with anterior ceratohyal two flattened rays with posterior ceratohyal (Fig 4) Branchiostegal membrane broadly united to isthmus

Branchial arches with urohyal close to basibranchial 2 basibranchial 2 cartilaginous broadest anteriorly usually separated by gap from basibranchial 3 basibranchial 3 shorter forming osseous rod basibranchial 4 large flattened and cartilaginous basibranchial 2 bordered laterally by cartilaginous head of hypobranchial 1 basibranchial 3 between cartilaginous head of hypobranchial 2 and cartilaginous hypobranchial 3 basibranchial



FIGURE 3 | Left suspensorium lateral view of Tatia akroa UFOPA-I 670 343 mm SL Abbreviations hy hyomandibula io interopercle

mt metapterygoid op opercle po preopercle qu quadrate sp suprapreopercle

FIGURE 4 | Right hyoid arch of Tatia akroa MZUSP 44071 260 mm SL Ventral view Abbreviations ach anterior ceratohyal bra

branchiostegal rays dhy dorsal hypohyal ihy interhyal pch posterior ceratohyal vhy ventral hypohyal uhy urohyal Scale bar = 1 mm

4 bordered laterally by cartilaginous head of ceratobranchial 4 and caudally by cartilaginous head of ceratobranchial 5

Hypobranchials 1 and 2 subtriangular mostly osseous elongate and expanded




FIGURE 5 | Anal fin of Tatia akroa UFOPA-I 671 male 388 mm SL holotype Abbreviations br1

branched ray one br7 branched ray seven dd deferent duct ui unbranched first ray uii

unbranched second ray uiii unbranched third ray Scale bar = 1 mm

laterally with cartilaginous tips hypobranchial 3 completely cartilaginous trapezoidal hypobranchial 4 absent Five ceratobranchials mostly ossified with cartilage on both ends Ceratobranchials supporting single row of rakers fifth ceratobranchial expanded postero-medially to support lower pharyngeal toothplate with short conical teeth Four epibranchials all largely ossified except for cartilaginous ends supporting few rakers each close to articulation with ceratobranchials Epibranchials 1 and 2 rod-like epibranchial 3 with posterior uncinate process in articulation to epibranchial 4 epibranchial 4 with laminar extension reduced accessory cartilage located on angle between cartilaginous ends of epibranchial 4 and ceratobranchial 4 Pharyngobranchial 1 absent pharyngobranchial 2 short cartilaginous somewhat ellipsoid placed between anteromedial cartilaginous tips of epibranchials 1 and 2 pharyngobranchial 3 elongate ossified with expanded posterior border pharyngobranchial 4 ossified Upper pharyngeal tooth plate bearing conical teeth supported by pharyngobranchial 3 and 4 and also epibranchials 3 and 4

Infraorbital 1 with ventro-lateral process restricted to anterior border of eye and followed by four canal-like bones in incomplete infraorbital series Lateral line on body straight inconspicuous with ossified canal bones only anteriorly unbranched at caudal fin

Ribs 8ndash9 attached to consecutive vertebrae 6ndash13 becoming progressively smaller posteriorly Total vertebrae 35 (N= 4) observed in cleared and stained (CS) and radiographed specimens (R)

Color in alcohol Color light brown with dots formed by chromatophores scattered on the head and mid-dorsal portions of body sometimes dorsal surface of head and dorsolateral region darker along entire trunk with more concentrated chromatophores from mid-dorsal region to lateral line Sides of body with light brown chromatophores becoming sparse ventrally Fins almost hyaline rays mottled with pale brown spots along base Dorsal fin with a dark spot localized in proximal region Caudal-fin base with irregular black to brown spots fin becoming hyaline towards distal margin



FIGURE 6 | Distribution of Tatia akroa (yellow) and T simplex (orange) Stars represent type localities

Sexual dimorphism Observed in one male with partially modified anal fin for insemination (Figs 1 5) Five first proximal radials closely together not fused with sutures visible Last three proximal radials elements arranged as in non-breeding and females (according previous descriptions for congeners) Unbranched and first branched anal-fin rays fused together to form a structure for insemination at anterior portion of the anal fin Urogenital opening at base of anal fin as simple pore at the distal tip of a tubular structure bound by integument Deferent duct externally visible as a genital papilla

Distribution Tatia akroa is known from the upper portion of the rio Tocantins drainage (Fig 6)

Ecological notes One of the specimens examined was dissected and its stomach contained fragments of terrestrial insects including Diptera and Coleoptera

Conservation status Tatia akroa is known from the rio Perdida and rio Palma upper rio Tocantins drainage Considering its Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and that no major




threats to the species were detected in the area of distribution we suggest that T akroa should be categorized as least concern (LC) according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature categories and criteria (IUCN 2019)

Etymology The specific name is a reference to the Akroaacute indigenous people inhabitants of lands from eastern Tocantins to southern Piauiacute until the XIX century (Apolinaacuterio 2005) The Akroaacute lived along valleys on Serra Geral do Tocantins a watershed divide between the right margin of rio Tocantins and rio Parnaiacuteba upper valleys respectively Their territory included the rio Manuel Alves sub-basin of rio Tocantins distribution range of the new Tatia species A noun in apposition

DISCUSSION

The parieto-supraoccipital joined to middle nuchal plate with resultant absence of an anterior nuchal plate is a condition shared by Tatia akroa and ten species presently assigned under Tatia namely T bockmanni T britskii T concolor T marthae T melanoleuca T musaica T orca T punctata T reticulata and T simplex In addition the lack of anterior nuchal plate is shared by a few Centromochlinae species (Balroglanis carolae B macracanthus B schultzi Duringlanis romani Ferrarissoaresia ferrarisi and F meridionalis) and by all Gelanoglanis species (G stroudi G nanonocticolus G travieso and G pan) Among the species of Tatia a parieto-supraoccipital joined to anterior nuchal plate is shared by Tatia aulopygia T boemia T brunnea T caudosignata T caxiuanensis T caudosignata T dunni T galaxias T gyrina T jaracatia T intermedia T meesi T neivai T nigra and T strigata

Among the centromochlins lacking an anterior nuchal plate a restricted group of Tatia species composed by Tatia akroa T bockmanni T britskii T concolor T marthae T punctata and T simplex are morphologically very similar Besides the arrangement of cranial nuchal plates a modified anal fin of mature males with reduced posterior rays bearing one or two (sixth andor seventh branched rays) smaller or rudimentary and also a similar color pattern with scattered dots over a pale body and translucent fins with the exception of T punctata which specimens exhibits a vermiculated color pattern Most of these species were originally described in Tatia however remained for a long time under Centromochlus (ie Tatia concolor T simplex and T punctata) or Glanidium (Tatia bockmanni) and some (ie Tatia britskii) were originally described under Centromochlus and now placed under Tatia (Calegari et al 2019) The difficulties in solving relationships of some of these species within Tatia are that only type material is available with few specimens in collections The few specimens available in fish collections make accurate identification of these species difficult and some names as Tatia simplex and also T marthae were based upon juveniles specimens only

Tatia simplex was described as having an extremely small adipose fin smaller than other centromochlins species (Mees 1974 93) Although the significance of reduced adipose fin in the holotype was stated as uncertain regarding the diagnosis of the species additional specimens with a reduced adipose fin were found in rio Tocantins drainage Analysis of these specimens support the hypothesis that T simplex is distinguished from all Centromochlinae by the adipose-fin base length corresponding to 15 or less



FIGURE 7 | Lateral view of Tatia simplex MZUSP 44071 483 mm SL rio Tocantins on Jatobal falls

in SL (vs adipose-fin base length more than 2 in SL even in species with adipose fin proportionally smaller as Centromochlus existimatus and C heckelii) Tatia simplex is further distinguished from C existimatus and C heckelii by lacking anterior nuchal plate (vs anterior nuchal plate present) and shorter pectoral-fin spine (207ndash227 of SL vs 293ndash416 of SL) Tatia simplex differs from T akroa and T britskii the only species lacking an adipose fin by the posterior border of dorsal-fin spine with 1 to 3 distal denticulations (vs smooth margin) Among species of Centromochlinae that share the absence of anterior nuchal plate (ie Balroglanis macracanthus B schultzi Duringlanis romani Ferrarissoaresia meridionalis T bockmanni T concolor T punctata T reticulata and T simplex) Tatia simplex differs from both Balroglanis macracanthus and B schultzi by having posterior margin of dorsal-fin spine smooth (vs denticulated) differs from T punctata and T concolor by irregular or retrorse orientation of dentations along anterior margin of pectoral-fin spine (vs regularly spaced antrorse dentations) and by the morphology of male modified anal fin specifically the last branched anal-fin ray progressively shorter than anterior most (vs last ray abruptly reduced size half that of preceding one and visible only through dissection)

Tatia simplex was originally described from rio das Mortes tributary of left margin of rio Araguaia on Mato Grosso State Brazil This species is scarcely represented in scientific collections The revision of distribution patterns based on additional material of T simplex suggests that the species is restricted to the Tocantins-Araguaia system with records from rio das Mortes and lower rio Tocantins (Fig 7)

Comparative material examined Ferrarissoaresia meridionalis Brazil Mato Grosso State INPA 37897 2 CS paratypes of Centromochlus meridionalis Sarmento-Soares et al 2013 297ndash392 mm SL MBML 5616 1 CS paratype of Centromochlus meridionalis Sarmento-Soares et al 2013 391 mm SL and MNRJ 40702 3 paratypes of Centromochlus meridionalis Sarmento-Soares et al 2013 326ndash383 mm SL coacuterrego Loanda a small tributary of rio Roquete Claacuteudia Ferrarissoaresia ferrarisi Brazil Tocantins State MNRJ 41924 1 paratype of Centromochlus ferrarisi Birindelli et al 2015 576 mm SL and MZUSP 115352 2 1 CS paratypes of Centromochlus ferrarisi Birindelli et al 2015




504ndash681 mm SL rio da Conceiccedilatildeo headwater of rio das Balsas Estaccedilatildeo Ecoloacutegica Serra Geral do Tocantins Centromochlus existimatus Brazil Paraacute State INPA 40662 6 465ndash 590 mm SL public beach right margin of rio Xingu Porto de Moz Centromochlus heckelii Brazil Amapaacute State MNRJ 12130 8 334ndash618 mm SL Fazendinha rio Amazonas near Macapaacute Paraacute State MZUSP 8336 2 CS 534ndash 620 mm SL rio Tapajoacutes Santareacutem Duringlanis altae Colombia USNM 121965 1 355 mm SL riacuteo Dedo tributary of riacuteo Orteguazo Duringlanis perugiae Ecuador ANSP 130611 14 301ndash45 mm SL rio Aguarico in Santa Cecilia Napo FMNH 92005 1 CS riacuteo Rutun Celutu Duringlanis romani Venezuela MCNG 14896 18 290 mm SL riacuteo San Jose Guanare RMNHPIS 30491 3 Rx paratypes 271ndash313 mm SL Monagas Maturin Balroglanis macracanthus Brazil Amazonas State MZUSP 30605 2 657ndash718 mm SL paratypes rio Negro cachoeira de Satildeo Gabriel Satildeo Gabriel da Cachoeira Balroglanis schultzi Brazil Goiaacutes State MNRJ 12139 38 1 CS 850ndash1089 mm SL Serra da Mesa dam upper rio Tocantins Balroglanis carolae Guyana ANSP 175836 9 223ndash305 mm SL MNRJ 30491 1 CS 237 mm SL Essequibo River USNM 401511 1 Rx 319 mm SL paratype of T carolae Vari Ferraris 2013 Cuyuni River sand and gravel beaches downstream from rapids at Kanaima Falls Cuyuni- Mazaruni USNM 401514 1 Rx 372 mm SL holotype of of T carolae Vari Ferraris 2013 Cuyuni River sand island in middle of river just downstream from Kurutuku Essequibo River basin Cuyuni-Mazaruni Tatia aulopygia Brazil Amazonas State ZMAPIS 114280 2 Rx 396ndash468 mm SL Humaitaacute Madeira River drainage Rondocircnia State INPA 11078 1 762 mm SL INPA 11079 1 1590 mm SL and INPA 11080 3 1 CS 800ndash1046 mm SL Guaporeacute River Tatia bockmanni Brazil Bahia State MZUSP 82351 8 1 CS paratypes of Glanidium Bockmanni Sarmento-Soares Buckup 2005 294ndash358 mm SL rio Preto at Formosa do rio Preto Tatia britskii Brazil Satildeo Paulo State MZUSP 43251 2 1 CS 335ndash363 mm SL paratypes of Centromochlus britskii Sarmento-Soares Birindelli 2015 and MNRJ 41787 2 360ndash386 mm SL paratypes of Centromochlus britskii Sarmento-Soares Birindelli 2015 rio Paranaacute where is now the Ilha Solteira reservoir upper rio Paranaacute basin Tatia boemia Brazil Rio Grande do Sul State MCP 12949 6 1 CS paratype 331ndash611 mm SL and MZUSP 47921 2 Rx paratypes 524ndash645 mm SL Pelotas River on road Anita Garibaldi to Pinhal da Serra Esmeralda Tatia brunnea Brazil Amazonas State INPA 14228 2 969ndash974 mm SL Urubu River igarapeacute of Gaviatildeo Farm Esteio Negro River basin INPA 29988 4 179ndash424 mm SL Preto da Eva River Cabo Frio Manaus MZUSP 31075 1 340 mm SL Negro River island lake Barcelos Tatia caxiuanensis Brazil Paraacute State MPEG 6201 7 1 CS paratypes 293ndash407 mm SL and MNRJ 28821 2 paratypes 313ndash353 mm SL Estaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica Ferreira Pena Curuaacute River Caxiuanatilde Melgaccedilo Tatia caudosignata Colombia Amazonas Department IAvH-P 8932 2 1 CS 914 - 1013 mm SL quebrada Sufragio in front of the Reserva Bioloacutegica El Zafire Leticia IAvH-P 9394 3 673- 1237 mm SL 1 CS tributary stream to the riacuteo Pureteacute 3 hours from Salado Varios Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu Leticia Tatia concolor Suriname ZMA 106210 1 334 mm SL holotype of T concolor Mees 1974 Rx ZMA 106209 290ndash306 mm SL paratype of T concolor Mees 1974 Rx Coppename River Tatia dunni Brazil Amazonas State INPA 3017 1 690 mm SL Igarapeacute Madalena Catalatildeo Solimotildees River INPA 18477 3 720ndash878 mm SL Tupinambaranas Island Tatia galaxias Venezuela CAS 6568 4 paratypes 490ndash566 mm SL and RMNHPIS 26493 2 Rx paratypes 485ndash556 mm SL



Quiribana stream near Caicara Orinoco basin AMNH 91381 1 1256 mm SL Mavaca River Tatia gyrina Brazil Amazonas State MCZ 8182 1 327 mm SL Solimotildees River in Codajaacutes INPA 18478 1 382 mm SL Tefeacute INPA 20970 2 290ndash362 mm SL igarapeacute Branco Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentaacutevel Amanatilde Tefeacute Tatia jaracatia Brazil Paranaacute State MNRJ 31909 1 paratype 429 mm SL lower Iguaccedilu River Capitatildeo Leocircnidas Marques MNRJ 31910 1 paratype 570 mm SL Jaracatiaacute River Salto do Lontra Tatia intermedia Brazil Amapaacute State MNRJ 12132 1 660 mm SL Maruanum River tributary of Matapi River Macapaacute MNRJ 12133 1 319 mm SL and MNRJ 12134 9 402ndash651 mm SL Aporema River in Fazenda Modelo do Aporema tributary of Araguari River Tatia meesi Guyana INHS 99772 holotype 443 mm SL INHS 49549 9 1 CS 303ndash466 mm SL and MBML 2046 3 322ndash426 mm SL Waratuk cataract Essequibo River Drainage lower Potaro River Potaro-Siparuni Tatia neivai Brazil Mato Grosso do Sul State MZUSP 35882 1 266 mm SL Piquiri River Santo Antocircnio do Paraiacuteso farm Itiquira MZUSP 36364 2 277ndash468 mm SL Corixatildeo Capatildeo Grande Nhecolacircndia Corumbaacute Tatia nigra Brazil Amazonas State INPA 11081 6 paratypes 866ndash1078 mm SL and MNRJ 32024 2 1 CS paratypes 970ndash982 mm SL Uatumatilde River Samauacutema lake Presidente Figueiredo INPA 43876 2 1005 ndash1066 mm SL Nhamundaacute River below Sete Ilhas Lake Tatia marthae Venezuela ANSP 146201 1 Rx 231 mm SL holotype of T marthae Vari Ferraris 2013 Bolivar catildeno Cuchima of riacuteo Cusimi approximately 20 mi upstream from junction of riacuteo Erebato at Entre Riacuteos ANSP 199070 1 Rx 190 mm SL paratype of T marthae Vari Ferraris 2013 collected with holotype Tatia melanoleuca Brazil Paraacute State MZUSP 8535 6 1 CS 469ndash765 mm SL rio Tapajoacutes Santareacutem MZUSP 30585 6 1CS 350ndash484 mm SL rio Tapajoacutes Alter do Chatildeo Tatia musaica Venezuela AMNH 58795 3 251ndash290 mm SL paratypes of T musaica Royero 1992 MBUCV-V 15663 471 mm SL holotype ANSP 160656 1 570 mm SL rio Sipapo above Pendare MBUC-V 17727 1 paratype of T musaica Royero 1992 268 mm SL rio Atabapo approximately 3 km from its mouth San Fernando de Atabapo MCNG 21796 1 508 mm SL cantildeo La Chimita 3-15 km above confluence with rio Atacavi Brazil Roraima State MZUSP 9347 1 294 mm SL rio Uraricoera Maracaacute island near Fazenda Canadaacute Tatia orca Brazil Paraacute State INPA 35086 14 +1 CS 405ndash568 mm SL MBML 11221 1 CS 506 mm SL MNRJ 45072 5 1 CS 382ndash523 mm SL mouth of Igarapeacute Jamari with lago de Terra Santa rio Nhamundaacute basin Terra Santa Tatia punctata Brazil Paraacute State MNRJ 9417 2 327ndash608 mm SL upper rio Xingu RMNHPIS 26494 2 Rx paratypes of T punctata Mees 1974 333ndash432 mm SL Igarapeacute Kumadueni tributary of rio Paru Suriname RMNHPIS 26495 450 mm SL holotype of Tatia punctata Mees 1974 and RMNHPIS 26496 3 362ndash393 mm SL Rx paratypes of T punctata Mees 1974 rivers between Kabel and Lombeacute Tatia reticulata Brazil Amazonas State INPA 35394 6 183ndash288 mm SL rio Tapauaacute indigenous land Paumari do Cuniuaacute rio Purus Colombia ANSP 128797 4 307ndash342 mm SL Cantildeo Emma Finca El Viento ca 335 km NE Puerto Lopez Meta MNRJ 30492 1 CS 308 mm SL Cano Emma Finca El Viento ca 335 km NE Puerto Lopez Meta Guyana RMNHPIS 26744 2 Rx 183ndash398 mm SL paratypes of T reticulata Mess 1974 Karanambo Rupununi Colombia Tatia simplex Brazil Mato Grosso State BMNH 19717295 1 285 mm SL holotype of T simplex Mees 1974 rio das Mortes Araguaia drainage Tocantins State INPA 18475 1 199 mm SL Jatobal rapids Araguacema MZUSP 44071 2 260ndash493 mm




SL 1 CS lagoon in front of Jatobal rio Tocantins Araguacema MZUSP 44074 1 265 mm SL lake near Capitariquara channel near Jatobal Araguacema Tatia strigata Brazil Amazonas MZUSP 7357 35 paratypes 205ndash386 mm SL Maueacutes Igarapeacute Limatildeozinho MZUSP 7298 23 paratypes 163ndash312 mm SL and MZUSP 44066 2 CS paratypes 370ndash389 mm SL Igarapeacute of Marau River Maueacutes Tatia sp Brazil Paraacute State MZUSP 111840 438 mm SL rio Xingu MZUSP 36862 1 CS 284 mm SL rio Xingu

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank Luacutecia R Py-Daniel (INPA) Aleacutessio Datovo Osvaldo Oyakawa and Michel Gianeti (MZUSP) Carlos do Nascimento (IAvH-P) and Paulo Lucinda (UNT) for curatorial assistance We are indebted to CJ Ferraris and JLO Birindelli (MZUEL) for further comments and suggestions on manuscript draft JSS thanks the Fundaccedilatildeo Amazocircnia de Amparo a Estudos e Pesquisa (FAPESPA) for the fellowship granted (ICAAF 0562016) ALCC and FRVR were partly supported by CNPq (ICAAF 4367632018-4) and Programa de Fortalecimento dos Grupos de PesquisaUFOPA We are indebted to Instituto Nossos Riachos (INR) database for images of some specimens in present study

REFERENCES

bull Akama A Sarmento-Soares LM Famiacutelia Auchenipteridae In Buckup PA Menezes NA Ghazzi MS editors Cataacutelogo das espeacutecies de peixes de aacutegua doce do Brasil Rio de Janeiro Museu Nacional 2007 p116ndash20

bull Apolinaacuterio JR Os Akroaacute e outros povos indiacutegenas nas Fronteiras do Sertatildeo-As praacuteticas das poliacuteticas indiacutegena e indigenistas no norte da capitania de Goiaacutes ndash Seacuteculo XVIII [PhD Thesis] Recife Universidade Federal de Pernambuco 2005 Available from httpsrepositorioufpebrbitstream12345678975221arquivo7826_1pdf

bull Birindelli JLO Phylogenetic relationships of the South American Doradoidea (Ostariophysi Siluriformes) Neotrop Ichthyol 2014 12(3) 451ndash564 httpdxdoiorg1015901982-0224-20120027

bull Birindelli JLO Sarmento-Soares LM Lima FCT A new species of Centromochlus (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae Centromochlinae) from the middle rio Tocantins basin Brazil J Fish Biol 2015 87860ndash75 httpsdoiorg101111jfb12750

bull Calegari BB Vari RP Reis RE Phylogenetic systematics of the driftwood catfishes (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae) a combined morphological and molecular analysis Zool J Linn Soc 2019 187661ndash773 httpsdoiorg101093zoolinneanzlz036

bull Dahdul WM Lundberg JG Midford PE Balhoff JP Lapp H Vision TJ Haendel MA M Westerfield M Mabee PM The Teleost Anatomy Ontology Anatomical Representation for the Genomics Age Syst Biol 2010 59 369ndash383 httpsdoiorg101093sysbiosyq013

bull Ferraris CJ Jr Family Auchenipteridae In Reis RE Kullander SO Ferraris CJ Jr editors Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America Porto Alegre Edipucrs 2003 p470ndash82 httpsdoiorg101643OT-04-142

bull Ferraris CJ Jr Checklist of catfishes recent and fossil (Osteichthyes Siluriformes) and catalogue of siluriform primary types Zootaxa 2007 14181ndash628 httpdxdoiorg1011646zootaxa141811



bull International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Standards and Petitions Subcommittee Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List categories and criteria Version 14 [Internet] Gland 2019 DOI 101002joc3480 Available from httpwwwiucnredlistorgdocumentsRedListGuidelinespdf

bull Mees GF The Auchenipteridae and Pimelodidae of Suriname (Pisces Nematognathi) Zoologische Verhandelingen 1974 1321ndash256

bull Sabaj Peacuterez MH Standard symbolic codes for institutional resource collections in herpetology and ichthyology an Online Reference Verson 30 (23 February 2012) Electronically accessible at httpwwwasihorg American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Washington DC 2012

bull Sarmento-Soares LM Buckup PA A new Glanidium from the rio Satildeo Francisco basin Brazil (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae Centromochlinae) Copeia 2005(4) 846ndash53 httpsdoiorg1016430045-8511(2005)005[0846ANGFTR]20CO2

bull Sarmento-Soares LM Birindelli JLO A new species of the catfish genus Centromochlus (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae Centromochlinae) from the upper rio Paranaacute basin Brazil Neotrop Ichthyol 2015 13(1)77ndash86 httpdxdoiorg1015901982-0224-20140042

bull Sarmento-Soares LM Martins-Pinheiro RF A systematic review of the Tatia (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae Centromochlinae) Neotrop Ichthyol 2008 6(3)495ndash542 httpdxdoiorg101590S1679-62252008000300022

bull Soares-Porto LM Monophyly and interrelationships of the Centromochlinae (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae) In Malabarba LR Reis RE Vari RP Lucena ZMS Lucena CAS editors Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes Porto Alegre Edipucrs 1998 p331ndash50

bull Taylor WR Van Dyke GC Revised procedures for staining and clearing small fishes and other vertebrates for bone and cartilage study Cybium 1985 9(2)107ndash19 Available from httpsfi-cybiumfrennode2423

bull Vanscoy T Lundberg JG Luckenbill KR Bony ornamentation of the catfish pectoral-fin spine comparative and developmental anatomy with an example of fin-spine diversity using the tribe Brachyplatystomini (Siluriformes Pimelodidae) Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia 2015 164(1)177ndash212 httpsdoiorg1016350531640107

bull Vari RP Ferraris CJ Jr Two new species of the catfsh genus Tatia (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae) from the Guiana Shield and a reevaluation of the limits of the genus Copeia 2013(3) 396ndash402 httpsdoiorg101643CI-12-115

AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Jordson de Souza e Souza Conceptualization Data curation Formal Analysis Investigation Methodology

Resources Visualization Writing (original draft)

Luisa M Sarmento-Soares Conceptualization Data curation Formal Analysis Funding acquisition

Investigation Methodology Project administration Resources Supervision Validation Visualization

Writing (original draft) Writing (review amp editing)

Andreacute L Colares Canto Data curation Formal Analysis Investigation Methodology Software

Visualization Writing (original draft)

Frank Raynner V Ribeiro Conceptualization Data curation Formal Analysis Funding acquisition



ETHICAL STATEMENTS

Not applicable




COMPETING INTERESTS

Not applicable

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE

bull Souza SJ Sarmento-Soares LM Canto ALC Ribeiro FRV Description of a new species

of Tatia from rio Tocantins drainage central Brazil with notes on Tatia simplex Mees

1974 (Siluriformes Auchenipteridae) Neotrop Ichthyol 2020 18(1)e190111 httpsdoi

org1015901982-0224-2019-0111

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited

Distributed underCreative Commons CC-BY 40

copy 2020 The AuthorsDiversity and Distributions Published by SBI





Tatia abriga vinte e cinco espeacutecies vaacutelidas distribuiacutedas nos maiores sistemas fluviais de aacuteguas interiores da Ameacuterica do Sul como o Orinoco Essequibo e rios costeiros do Suriname Amazonas alto Paranaacute e Satildeo Francisco Uma espeacutecie nova eacute descrita para tributaacuterios do alto rio Manuel Alves nos contrafortes da Serra Geral do Tocantins estado do Tocantins Brasil A espeacutecie nova eacute facilmente distinguida de todos os congecircneres exceto Tatia britskii pela ausecircncia de nadadeira adiposa Difere de T britskii pelo maior comprimento do peduacutenculo caudal (241ndash305 CP meacutedia 253 vs 200ndash227 CP meacutedia 209) altura do peduacutenculo caudal (109ndash168 SL mean 141 vs 94ndash105 mean 98) e margem craniana anterior com largura do mesetmoide igual a seu comprimento (vs largura aproximadamente trecircs vezes no seu comprimento em T britskii) Adicionalmente satildeo fornecidas informaccedilotildees sobre Tatia simplex uma espeacutecie pouco conhecida descrita para o rio das Mortes

Palavras-chave Ameacuterica do Sul Neotropical Ostariophysi Sistemaacutetica Taxonomia

INTRODUCTION

Tatia Miranda Ribeiro 1911 is currently the most species-rich genus in Centromochlinae comprising twenty-five valid species of small-sized catfish present in all inland South American large drainages east of the Andes as the Orinoco basin in Venezuela and Colombia Amazon basin from Ecuador to Brazil coastal rivers of northern South America between the mouths of the Orinoco and Amazon rivers and upper rio Paranaacute and Satildeo Francisco basins (Soares-Porto 1998 Ferraris 2003 2007 Sarmento-Soares Buckup 2005 Akama Sarmento-Soares 2007 Sarmento-Soares Birindelli 2015 Calegari et al 2019) The monophyly of the genus is supported by 13 molecular and three non-exclusive morphological synapomorphies coronomeckelian bone obliquely positioned hyomandibula and metapterygoid separated from each other and contralateral anteromedial processes of basipterygium sutured to each other on anterior portion (Calegari et al 2019)

In the rio Tocantins drainage Tatia is represented by two species namely T intermedia (Steindachner 1877) and T simplex Mees 1974 (Ferraris 2007 Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro 2008) Tatia simplex is poorly understood taxonomically Its description was based on a single juvenile specimen (285 mm SL) collected in 1968 at rio das Mortes Mato Grosso State Brazil Since its original description by Mees (1974) the species was kept under the name Centromochlus simplex in taxonomic lists and catalogues with geographic distribution reported only to the type locality (eg Ferraris 2003 2007) No additional material of the species was identified for thirty years until the generic revision of Tatia by Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro (2008) Although keept as incertae sedis in Centromochlinae (Sarmento-Soares Martins-Pinheiro 2008 Tab 1) Tatia simplex appears as a valid Tatia species in recent contribution (Calegari et al 2019)













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Documents

rnlsioobn.orb579454791428081466982 Description of a new ... · 32 to 36 vertebrae). From Tatia reticulata Mees, 1974, by posterior margin of dorsal spine with small denticulations,