Describe what this illustration is portraying. Use 9 - 10 sentences.

Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny• The 19th century belief that the

United States would inevitably expand westward to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory.

U

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Examples of Manifest DestinyExamples of Manifest Destiny

• Revolutionary War

• Louisiana Purchase

• Adams-Onis Treaty (FL)

• Texas Annexation

• Oregon Territory

• Mexican Cession

• Gadsden Purchase

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Westward ExpansionWestward Expansion• After the Revolutionary War

America won the right to EXPAND

–Claimed the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River

–Doubled the original size of the colonies

Louisiana PurchaseLouisiana Purchase• President Jefferson bought the

Louisiana Purchase from FRANCE in 1803–Doubled the size of the United

States AGAIN

(530 million acres for 3¢ an acre - about $15 million)

LARGEST REAL ESTATE DEAL IN

HISTORY!

Adams Onis Treaty (1819)Adams Onis Treaty (1819)

• Hundreds of runaway slaves escaped to Spanish controlled Florida

Adams Onis Treaty (1819)Adams Onis Treaty (1819)

• U.S. agrees to pay $5 million in resident’s claims against the Spanish gov’t

• Deal between Sec’y of State JQA & Sp. Foreign Minister Luis de Onis

The Monroe The Monroe Doctrine Doctrine (1823)(1823)

• European efforts to further colonize the Americas would be viewed as an act of aggression

The occasion has been judged proper for asserting, as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.

We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between the United States and those powers to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety.

Texas Annexation (1845)Texas Annexation (1845)• Mexican gov’t allowed American settlers in

Texas

• Overpopulation led to laws on American settlersSlavery outlawed = disputeSealed borders = high prices

on American goods

Stephen F. Austin – Founder of Texas

Texas Annexation (1845)Texas Annexation (1845)• Texas Revolution – 1835

Battle of the Alamo – Santa Anna’s forces destroy Texan garrison (all defenders die

Massacre at Goliad – 300 Texans murdered

Texans declare independence after victory at San Jacinto

the “Lone Star Republic”

Annexed by the U.S. in 1845 Issues with slavery

Davy CrockettThe “Buckskin Pioneer” The Alamo

Oregon Territory (1846)Oregon Territory (1846)• 1818 – U.S. and Great Britain agreed to

joint-occupation or shared ownership of the Oregon territory

• U.S. signed a treaty with Great Britain after 28 years of joint-occupation

• U.S. – southern half

• Britain – northern half

• “54-40 or Fight” – Oregon Treaty gives US Oregon at 49 parallel

Mexican Cession (1848)Mexican Cession (1848)• Admission of Texas angers

Mexico• U.S. established boundary at

the Rio Grande River and Mexico claimed it along the Nueces River

• Dispute led to the Mexican War

• Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

ends the war• U.S. defeated Mexico and

paid $15 million dollars for the Mexican Cession

Gadsden Purchase (1853)Gadsden Purchase (1853)• Congress was studying possible routes for a

transcontinental railroad• Proposed – a southern route from New Orleans to

California• U.S. paid Mexico $10 million for the Gadsden

Purchase for a level route for a transcontinental railroad

• Also…we felt bad for taking so much territory after M-A War

• The Best Treaty Ever?

PUBLIC OPINIONPUBLIC OPINIONFor Expansion Against expansion•Majority of the people

•It was the will of God or FATE that the U.S. claim the entire continent

•Minority of the people

•Questioned if democracy could succeed in such a large nation

•Could the government meet the needs of the west

•What about slavery? More slave states in the west would upset the balance between free and slave states

ExplorersExplorers• Acquiring new lands led to the need to explore the possible use of lands

–Lewis & Clark

–Zebulon Pike

Expedition of Lewis & ClarkExpedition of Lewis & Clark• 1804: Meriweather Lewis & William

Clark explored the Louisiana Territory

• MAIN PURPOSE = gather INFORMATION

–search for a water route to the Pacific

–Establish friendly relations and trade with the Natives

Lewis & ClarkLewis & Clark• Guide: French-Canadian Toussaint

Charbonneau and his wife SACAGAWEA

• 1806:Lewis and Clark returned to St. Louis

–Traveled 8,000 miles in 2 years

Zebulon PikeZebulon Pike• 1805: Recorded the geography of

the Mississippi River

• 1806: Hired by President Jefferson to follow the Arkansas River west to its source and return by the Red River

• Took detailed notes about geographical structure and population

• NOVEMBER – reached the Rocky Mountains

Pike’sPeak