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Derby and District Organists’ Association
Exploring a Pipe Organ with CATO
Exploring a Pipe Organ with CATO
Children and the Organ Project
When you look inside an organ you will see many pipes in a variety of shapes and sizes.
An organ with about 16 stops usually has more than 1000 pipes. A cathedral organ may have 10,000 pipes.
However large or small an organ is, its pipes may be grouped into five main families:
• DIAPASONS• FLUTES• REEDS• STRINGS• MIXTURES
DIAPASON family
These pipes are usually seen on the front of the organ.
The tone is bold and full.
DIAPASON stop names
Double Diapason
Open Diapason
Principal
Twelfth
Fifteenth
Tierce
FLUTE family
The pipes are often made from wood and sometimes have a stopper in the top.
The tone is sweet and mellow.
FLUTEstop names
Bourdon
Claribel
Harmonic Flute
Hohl Flute
Rohr Flute
Nazard
Piccolo
REED family
Each pipe has a metal vibrator in its foot.
The tone is sharp, clear and can be loud.
REED stop names
BassoonClarinetClarionCornpeanOboeTrumpetTromboneTubaVox Humana
STRINGS family
These pipes are very narrow, giving a ‘thin’ clear tone.
They tend to sound rather soft and mysterious.
STRINGS stop names
Gamba
Salicional
Voix Celeste
Violone
MIXTURE family
There are 3 ranks of pipes which sound a chord for each note.
They are pitched high and sound very bright.
MIXTURE stop names
Mixture
Sesquialtera
Doublette
Cornet
Fourniture
An organ is usually divided into sections, each with its own manual (keyboard).
GREAT – SWELL - PEDAL
An organ is usually divided into sections, each with its own manual (keyboard).
The Great Organ is played from one manual.
GREAT – SWELL - PEDAL
Great Organ
An organ is usually divided into sections, each with its own manual (keyboard).
The Great Organ isplayed from one manual.
The Swell Organ is played from a second manual.
GREAT – SWELL - PEDAL
Great Organ
Swell Organ
An organ is usually divided into sections, each with its own manual (keyboard).
The Great Organ isplayed from one manual.
The Swell Organ is played from a second manual.
The Pedal Organ is played by the feet from the pedalboard.
GREAT – SWELL - PEDAL
Great Organ
Swell Organ
Pedal Organ
Pedal Organ
Each section of the organ contains pipes from all the five families of pipes:
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
GREAT – SWELL - PEDAL
Great Organ
Swell Organ
Pedal Organ
Pedal Organ
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
GREAT – SWELL - PEDAL
When you sit at the console and look at the stops, you need to spot the different families that they belong to.
♪ Try to spot the five families of pipes in each section of the organ.
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
♪ Try to spot the five families of pipes in each section of the organ.
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
♪ Try to spot the five families of pipes in each section of the organ.
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
♪ Try to spot the five families of pipes in each section of the organ.
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
♪ Try to spot the five families of pipes in each section of the organ.
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
♪ Try to spot the five families of pipes in each section of the organ.
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
♪ Try to spot the five families of pipes in each section of the organ.
DIAPASONS
FLUTES
REEDS
STRINGS
MIXTURES
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
♪ How many diapason stops are in this list? Click on each name to find out.
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Answers
Are you ready for the answers?
Back
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Diapason stops
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
♪ How many reed stops are in this list? Click on each name to find out.
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Answers
Are you ready for the answers?
Back
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Reed stops
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
♪ How many flute stops are in this list? Click on each name to find out.
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Answers
Are you ready for the answers?
Back
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Flute stops
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
♪ How many stops in the strings family are in this list? Click on each name to find out.
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Answers
Are you ready for the answers?
Back
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Strings family
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
♪ How many mixture stops are in this list? Click on each name to find out.
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Answers
Are you ready for the answers?
Back
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Mixture stops
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Pipe Families
Harmonic Flute
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Sesquialtera
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Harmonic Flute
Sesquialtera
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
Several names of organ stops are borrowed from orchestral instruments. For these stops the sound is similar to the sound made by the instrument.
Bassoon
Bourdon
Clarinet
Claribel
Clarion
Cornopean
Cymbale
Double Diapason
Fifteenth
Gamba
Harmonic Flute
Sesquialtera
Sub Bass
Mixture
Tierce
Trumpet
Trombone
Twelfth
Tuba
Violone
Vox Humana
Voix Celeste
Nazard
Oboe
Open Diapason
Piccolo
Posaune
Principal
Rohr Flute
Salicional
♪ How many instrument names can you spot in the list of organ stops?
What have you learned?
An organ contains hundreds of pipes which may be grouped into five families:
Each family is different from the others by the type of their sound.
Members of each family have stop names.Some names come from musical instruments.
DiapasonsFlutesReedsStringsMixtures
Materials prepared by Laurence Rogers for the
Children and the Organ Project
Team:Stephen JohnsJames MuckleEdmund StowGillian Chatto
Laurence RogersJohn ForsterChris Darrall
Sponsored by
Derby and District Organists’ Association
Derby and District Organists’ Association
Children and the Organ Project
The project aims to introduce young children to the fascinating world of pipe organs through practical workshops and fun
activities. The building and playing of organs being such multi-disciplinary activities, their study has numerous spin-offs for the
school curriculum.
For more information, visit our website:www.derbyorganists.co.uk
Copyright notice
Copyright owner:Derby & District Organists’ Association
This PowerPoint presentation and the accompanying worksheets are licensed under the Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Licence
The work may be copied by not-for-profit organisations for educational use, provided due attribution to the copyright
owner is given. Commercial use of the materials is prohibited.
To view a copy of the licence, visit:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
Yes!
This is a diapason stop.
Yes!
This is a reed stop.
Yes!
This is a flute stop.
Yes!
This is a strings family stop.
Yes!
This is a mixture stop.