Department of Mathematics and Science

Properties of Matter

Keisha Kidd, Curriculum Support SpecialistMary Tweedy, Curriculum Support Specialist

Millard Lightburn, District Supervisor

Department of Mathematics and ScienceOffice of Academics and Transformation

Big Idea 8SC.4.P.8.1. SC.4.P.8.2, SC.4.P.8.3

Pacing Guide – Quarter 1 Topic 4 09/16-09/27

Benchmark Descriptions

• SC.4.P.8.1 – Measure and compare objects and materials based on their physical properties including: mass, shape, volume, color, hardness, texture, odor, taste, and attraction to magnets.

• SC.4.P.8.2 – Identify properties and common uses of water in each of its states.

What is matter?

• Matter is everything around you, including you!

• Matter is what all things are made of.

Solids• A solid has its own

shape.• A solid does not change

unless you cut, bend, or break it.

• Solids take up space and have mass.

Liquids

• Liquids do not have their own shape.

• Liquids take the shape of their container.

• Liquids take up space and have mass.

Gases• Gases have no definite size

or shape.• Gases take the shape of its

container.• A gas will fill all the space

inside a container.• Gases take up space and

have mass.

Water is matter. Did you know it comes in all 3 forms?

A SolidA Solid A LiquidA Liquid A GasA Gas

icewater vaporwater

Matter has certain properties.

• Matter can have color.• Matter can be different sizes.• Matter can have different shapes.• Matter can have texture.• Matter can be rigid or bendable.• Matter also takes up space and has mass.

Properties are the characteristics of matter, how something looks or feels.

Solid Liquid Gas

Solid Liquid GasHas definite shape

Particles are close together and slow moving

Has volumehttp://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_solid.html

Solid Liquid Gas

Has a definite shape

Takes on shape of container

Particles are close together and slow moving

Particles are farther apart and faster-moving

Has volume Has volumehttp://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_liquid.html

Solid Liquid Gas

Has a definite shape

Takes on shape of container

Does not have definite shape

Particles are close together and move slowly

Particles are farther apart and faster moving

Particles are farthest apart and move rapidly

Has volume Has volume Expands to take up whatever space is availablehttp://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_gas.html

States of Matter Demonstration

• http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/index.html

• http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_states.html

• http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_changes.html

Review Questions1. What are the 3 forms of matter?Solids, Liquids and Gases2. A solid has a definite shape. True or FalseTrue3. A liquid has a definite shape. True or FalseFalse. A liquid has a definite size, but it takes the shape of its container.4. A gas has a definite shape. True or FalseFalse. A gas has no definite size or shape, because it fills all the space of its container.5. What are some properties of matter?color, size, shape, texture, odor, attraction to magnets,mass, hardness, taste, and volume

Department of Mathematics and Science

Physical Propertiesof Matter

Qualitative vs. Quantitative

QualitativeFive Senses

• Sight - Looks

• Touch - Feels

• Hearing – Sounds

when moving…• Odor – Smells

• Tastes

How can we group these objects?

One property is color.

Color

Red

Green

Yellow

SizeLarge objects

Small objects

A second property is size.

Circles

SquaresTriangles

A third property is shape.

Shape

We can group objects if they are rigid or bendable.

• Bendable means that the matter can bend, curve, or turn.

• Rigid means that the matter cannot bend, it is stiff.

• Can you name something that is rigid and something that is bendable?

Which objects are rigid?Which objects are bendable?

These objects are rigid.

These objects are bendable.

QuantitativeMeasurement Tools

• Ruler

• Tape measure

• Balance

• Spring Scale

• Graduated cylinder

• Thermometer

QuantitativeMass

Grams are units used to measure volume of a liquid.

Balance

Pan Balance

Triple Beam Balance

Gram Pieces

Centimeter Cubes

QuantitativeVolume

Milliliter or Liter are units used to measure volume of a liquid.

Beakers

Graduated BeakersMeasuring Spoons

Graduated Cylinders

Measuring Cups

QuantitativeTemperature

Degrees (°F)Fahrenheit is a unit used to measure temperature.Degrees (°C)Celsius is a unit used to measure temperature.

Thermometer

Quantitative

Weight

Ounces, pounds are units used to measure weight of an object.

Spring Scale

Personal Scale

Single Pan Scale

QuantitativeLength orDistanceMeter,

centimeter are units used to measure the distance an object travels.

Stopwatch (timing device)

Meter Stick

Tape Measure

Trundle Wheel

Ruler

Matter Jeopardy

Game Rules

Games Rules

Qualitative: Sink/Float?Attracted to a Magnet?Other observations that will help identify this matter (use your five senses).

Quantitative: Mass? Volume? Linear Measure?

• Select an object from the tray.• List the both qualitative and

quantitative properties (begin with the most obvious properties).

• Use your five senses to identify the qualitative properties.

• Use the appropriate measurement tools to discover quantitative properties.

• Give descriptions to other group as they try to guess the object based on the properties.

Name of Matter?

Resources• http://images.search.yahoo.com• http://office.microsoft.com/clipart

Department of Mathematics and Science

Big Idea 8: Properties of Matter

SC.4.P.8.2 – Identify properties and common uses of water in each of its states.

Keisha Kidd, Curriculum Support SpecialistMary Tweedy, Curriculum Support Specialist

Millard Lightburn, PHD Instructional SupervisorPacing Guide – Quarter 1 Topic 4 09/16-09/27

Department of Mathematics and ScienceOffice of Academics and Transformation

Benchmark Essential Content

• Understand phase changes as they relate to water.

• Recognize the properties of water and water’s common uses.

• Identify the properties of water.

Let’s Explore!

Adapted from Inquiry in Action Chapter 6

Department of Mathematics and Science

Common Uses of WaterLiquid Phase

Department of Mathematics and Science

Common Uses of Water

Solid Phase

Department of Mathematics and Science

Common Uses of WaterGas Phase

Phases of Water

• Liquid (precipitation)• Solid (ice)• Gas (evaporation, condensation)

Department of Mathematics and Science

Phase changes as they relate to water.

Physical change-a change in state

• The substance is still the same substance

• Form changes but chemical makeup doesn’t

Ice changes to water—water changes to ice, frozen water is still water

Water changes to steam, a gas, when it is heated to its boiling point,water vapor

condenses to form a liquid

Changing States of Matter-Water

• Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius, 32 degrees Fahrenheit

• Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius, 212 degrees Fahrenheit

• http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_chemphys.html

Properties of Water• Water is unique in that it is the only natural substance that is

found in all three states -- liquid, solid (ice), and gas (steam) on Earth.

• Water as a liquid is sticky and elastic, and tends to clump together in drops rather than spread out in a thin film.

• Water as a solid (ice) is less dense than liquid water and floats on it.

• Water changes state when enough heat or thermal energy is added to it or removed from it.

• Water changing one from state to another is an example of a physical change.

• Water freezes at 32o Fahrenheit (F) and 0o on the Celsius scale. • Water boils at 212o F and 100o on the Celsius scale.

Department of Mathematics and Science

Big Idea 8: Properties of Matter

SC.4.P.8.3 – Explore the law of conservation of mass by demonstrating that the mass of a whole object is

always the same as the sum of the masses of its parts.

Conservation of Matter

• Chemical changes don’t make new matter

• The total mass of the products that form equals the total mass of the substances that react.

Department of Mathematics and Science

Magnetic Forces

Keisha Kidd, Curriculum Support SpecialistMary Tweedy, Curriculum Support SpecialistMillard Lightburn, Instructional Supervisor

Department of Mathematics and ScienceOffice of Academics and Transformation

Big Idea 8SC.4.P.8.4

Pacing Guide – Quarter 1 Topic 4 09/30-10/13

Department of Mathematics and Science

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES

SC.4.P.8.4 – Magnetic Properties

Investigate and describe that magnets can attract magnetic materials and attract and repel

other magnets.

William Gilbert, an English physician, first proposed in 1600 that the Earth itself is a magnet, and he predicted that the Earth would be found to have magnetic poles.

Department of Mathematics and Science

VocabularyAttractTo pull toward one another, as opposite poles of two magnets pull toward one another. ForceA push or a pull. MagnetismA property of certain kinds of materials that causes them to attract iron or steel.RepelTo push away, as similar poles of two magnets push away from one another.PoleEither of two opposing forces or parts, such as the poles of a magnet.

What is Magnetism?

Magnetism is the force of attraction or repulsion of a magnetic material due to the arrangement of its atoms.

Magnet Basics

Magnets are objects that produce magnetic fields and attract metals like iron, nickel and cobalt.

The magnetic field's lines of force exit the magnet from its north pole and enter its south pole.

Some magnets occur in nature, they are called natural magnets. ex. magnetite (also called lodestone)

Defined by: http://science.howstuffworks.com/magnet.htm

Magnetism

Magnetism is a force. Metals stick to magnets Magnets have different strengths Magnets have two poles: north and south Like Poles repel Opposite poles attract The force of magnetism can travel through some objects.

The Earth is a magnet:

Magnetic South Pole

Magnetic North Pole

It exerts magnetic forces and is surrounded by amagnetic field that is strongest near the North and South magnetic poles.

Geographic North Pole

Geographic South Pole

The ends of a magnet are where the magnetic effect is the strongest. These are called “poles.” Each magnet has 2 poles – 1 north, 1 south.

Field Lines Around a Magnet

Properties of Magnets Like magnetic poles repel each other. Unlike magnetic poles attract each other.

Not all objects are affected by the force of magnetism ex. wood, glass, paper, plastic

Common metals affected by magnetism are iron, nickel, and cobalt

Let’s Explore

What happens if you put together two magnets?

Do they become stronger together? Experiment with magnets, a variety of sizes of

magnetic objects, and write observations about strengths of different combinations of magnets.

Magnetism Stations!

Exploring Magnetism Stations: An Absolutely Magnetic Experience!

Station #1 Which Objects are Magnetic?Station #2 Can you Fish?Station #3 Can Magnets Float?Station #4 Can you Play Marbles?Station #5 Are all Magnets the Same?Station #6 How can you Define a Magnetic Field?Reflection: What do you know about magnetism now?

Magnets and Metals Investigation

www.acs.org/kids Science for Kids: Characteristics of Materials. Select Magnets and Metals.

Essential Question: What types of metals are attracted to a magnet?

Objectives: -Classify metals based on their attraction to a magnet. -Identify iron, nickel, and cobalt as magnetic materials Connected Learning Reflection

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=631

Gizmos

Review - True/False1) Magnets are objects that produce an

area of magnetic force called a magnetic field.

2) Magnets attract all types of metals.3) Magnetism can attract magnetic

objects or push them away.4) Metals such as iron, nickel and cobalt

are attracted to magnets.5) Magnetic fields by themselves are

visible to the human eye.Adapted from:

http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/magnets.html

1)True2)False3)True4)True5)False

We use the Earth’s magnetic field to find direction.

The needle of a compass always points toward the magnetic south pole.

We call this direction “North” (remember, opposites attract)

COMPASS

Lab Reflection (IAN)

What do you know about magnets now? Do you still agree with your statement from

Magnets in Water Formative Assessment Probe? Why or why not?

Is there something you are still confused about? What do you know now about magnets that

you did not know before this lab?

Writing in Science

Foldables!

Additional Resource LinksFree Presentation in PowerPoint format: Magnetism: http://science.pppst.com/magnets.html

www.acs.org/kids Science for Kids: Click on Characteristics of Materials. Select Magnets and Metals.

Kitchen Magnet Gamehttp://www.fossweb.com/modules3-6/MagnetismandElectricity/activities/kitchen.html

AIMS Gr. 4 Physical Science: Magnets and Metals

http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/energy-light-sound/magnetism.htm

http://www.ece.neu.edu/faculty/nian/mom/magic_of_magnetism.html