fwsh 10^5^2010 B{z wkB:'r ;qh nkoH;hHB:Zo nkJhHJ/Hn?;H gqw[Zy ;eZso gzikp ;oeko,feos ftGkr ih dh gqXkBrh j/m ;qh n?BHe/HtXktB, nkJhHJ/Hn?;Hfeos efw;aBo ih dh w"i{drh ftZu ftGkr d/ ;w{j ;jkfJe feos efw;aBoK$feos s/ ;[bkj nc;oK tb'A wjhBk ngq?b,2010 d"okB ehs/ ezw d/ ohftT{ dh uzvhrVQ fty/ j'Jh p?me dh ekotkJh og'N.

T[go'es p?me ftZu dcso d/ fBwB fbys nfXekohnK ns/ feos fJz;g?eNoK B/ Gkr fbnk. ;do dcso d/ nfXekoh

;ot;qh

1H joh;a BJhno ,tXhe feos efw;aaBo,gzikp

2H i?ep gqskg,;jkfJe feos efw;aBo (;do)

3H nwBdhg f;zx GZNh,sfj;hbdko(foetoh)

y/soh nfXekoh

1H ghHe/Hi?B, ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo,gfNnkbk

2H B/so f;zx, ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo eg{oEbk

3H n?;Hn?;HozXktk, ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo w[jkbh

4H fJzdoihs f;zx, ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo ibzXo^1

5H pbftzdo f;zx,feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,okig[ok

6H wZxo bkb,feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,b[fXnkDk^5

7H n?;Hn?;HpKvh, ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo,;zro{o ns/ pfmzvk

8H ;[Bhb e[wko G'ohtkb,feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,r[odk;g[o

9H w'Bk g[oh, ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo b[fXnkDk^3 ns/ w'rk

10H r[b;aB e[wko, feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,ibzXo^3 ns/ b[fXnkDk^1

11H ftgB gowko, feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o, nzfwqs;o^1

12H fJepkb f;zx f;ZX{, feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,pNkbk

13H osB bkb, feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,nzfwqs;o^3

14H nkoHe/Hror, feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,b[fXnkDk^2

15H r[ow/b f;zx, feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,b[fXnkDk^6

16H s/ik f;zx ;/y'A, feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,nzfwqs;o^2

whfNzr dh ekotkJh Pa[o{ eoB s'A gfjbK ;qh n?BHe/HtXktB,nkJhHJ/Hn?;Hfeos

efw;aBo gzikp ih B/ wkB:'r ;qh nkoH;hHB:Zo, nkJhHJ/Hn?;H gqw[Zy ;eZso,gzikp ;oeko

feos ftGkr ih B{z ih nkfJnK nkfynk ns/ nfXekohnK Bkb ikD gfjukD eotkJh .

nfXekohnK tb'A ehs/ ezw dk foftT {

nfXekohnK tb'A ehs/ ezw dk foftT{ eoB s'A gfjbK feos efw;aBo ih B/

gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B{z nfXekohnK dh s?Bksh ns/ T[BQK d/ ezw ekia pko/ dZf;nk . gqw[Zy

;eZso ih B/ nfXekohnK Bkb ftuko tNKdok eoB T[gozs j/m fbfynK jdkfJsK fdZshnKL^

TH f;aekfJsK dh gVskb w"e/ s/ ehsh ikt/ fi; ftZu gqpzXeK ns/ feoshnK B{z

;[DtkJh dk w"ek fdZsk ikt/. f;aekfJs Bkb ;pzXs ndko/ dh w"e/ s/ BohyD th ehsh ikt/,

T[E// s?Bks feoshnK Bkb rZb^pks eod/ ;w/A i/eo e'Jh BthA e'Jh ;wZf;nk dk gsk br/ sK

T[; dk th jb ehsk ikt/.

nH ndko/ fiE'A f;aekfJsK fiankdk gqkgs j[zdhnK jB iK f;aekfJsK d/ e/;

tko^tko gqkgs j[zd/ jB, T[BQK dk nfXn?B ehsk ikt/ ns/ gZek jZb bZfGnk ikt/.

JH nfXekohnK B/ ;{fus ehsk fe pzX{nK wiad{oh Bkb ;pzXh f;tb foZN gNh;aB

ftZu fvgNh efw;aBo tZb'A ;w{j ekotkJh feos ftGkr d/ eowukohnK s'A eotkJh iKdh j?,

fi; ekoD eowukohnK dk tZvk ;wK fJ; ezw s/ br iKdk j?, id'A fe ekB{zB nB[;ko fvgNh

efw;aBo B{z fJ; ;pzX ftZu nfXeko fdZs/ rJ/ jB ns/ T[j nkgD/ nXhB nwb/ dh ;jkfJsk

b? ;ed/ jB. c?;bk ehsk frnk fe fJj wkwbk w[Zy ;eZso ih Bkb fvgNh efw;aBo

;kfjpkB dh whfNzr ftZu T[mkfJnk ikt/rk.

;H feos ekB{zBK dh gkbDk bJh ndkfonK dh BohyD dh fwsh dh ;{uBk

t?p^;kJhN s/ fdZsh ikt/ ns/ d'BK fXoK B{z w'e/ s/ p[bkfJnk ikt/. BohyD dk ;wK ;koDh th

t?p^;kJhN s/ fdZsh ikt/.

jH e[ZM nfXekohnK tZb'A dZf;nk frnk fe pzX{nK wiad{oh s/ nkw s"o s/ e/; M{m/

j[zd/ jB. e[ZM fto'Xh fXoK nkg; ftZu fwbh G[rs eoe/ wkB:'r jkJh e'oN ftZu foZN

gNh;aB eo fdzdhnK jB ns/ BthA EK s/ ik e/ d[pkok GZfmnK s/ br iKd/ jB. c?;bk ehsk

frnk fJ; ;koh ;wf;nk dk nfXn?B ehsk ikt/. nfij/ feoshnK dh c'N' t?p ;kJhN s/

fdZsh ikt/ sK i' Bt/A GfmZnK d/ wkbe T[BQK B{z oZyD s'A gfjbK T[BQK d/ fgSb/ fJfsjk; s'A ikD{

j' ;eD. gzikp GtB ns/ j'o T[;koh ekw/ GbkJh p'ov ekB{zB nXhB fJeZm/ j'J/ ;?; dh oew

pko/ n?e;aB gbkB pDkJ/ ikD. gbkB pDkT[D ;w/A rtKvh okiK tZb'A pDkJ/ gbkB th fXnkB

ftZu oZy bJ/ ikD.

eH pkb wiad{oh ns/ pX{nk wiad{ohL^

feos efw;aBo B/ dZf;nk fe pkb wiad{oh nXhB gkJ/ rJ/ eJh e/;K ftZu

ukJhbv t?bc/no czv nXhB oew t;{bh BjhA iKdh ns/ Bk jh T[bzxDk eod/ fB:'ieK tZb'A

wkB:'r ;[gohw e'oN tZb'A fdZs/ c?;b/ nB[;ko oew dh T[rokjh ehsh iKdh j?. ;w{j

nfXekohnK B{z jdkfJs ehsh rJh fe T[j pkb wiad{oh d/ e/;K s/ ft;/;a fXnkB d/ e/ gqtkBs

oew you eoB ns/ T[bzxDk eoB tkb/ fB:'ieK s'A oew dh t;{bh eoB. pzX{nk wiad{oh

ekB{zB nXhB gkJ/ rJ/ e/;K ftZu 10 jiko o[gJ/ gzikp ;oeko ns/ 10 jiko o[gJ/ e/Adoh

;oeko tZb'A fdZs/ ikD/ j[zd/ jB go fJj e/; pj[s xZN frDsh ftZu fvN?eN ehs/ rJ/ jB,

fi; ekoD pj[s xZN oew you eoB Bkb fJ; ;kb d/ piN ftZu oew dk T[gpzX eoB

bJh :'iBk efw;aB B{z eJh dbhbK fdZshnK rJhnK. pzX{nk wiad{oh tZb ft;/;a fXnkB fdZsk

ikt/. e/; fvN?eN ehs/ ikD ns/ fB:'ieK fto[ZX ekotkJh ehsh ikt/.

1H T[d:'fre fttkd n?eN, 1947L

ezw dk w[bKeD eod/ j'J/ gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ t/fynk fe ;jkfJe feos

efw;aBo ;qhwsh w'Bkg[oh b[fXnkDk^3 ns/ ;qh ghHe/Hi?B gfNnkbk gk; wjhB/ d/ nzs ftZu

bZrGr 104 ns/ 273 e/; bzfps jB I' fe ekch fiankdk jB . fi; d/ ;pzX ftZu ;qhwsh

w'Bkg[oh B/ dZf;nk fe wjhB/ d"okB fiankdk e/; gqkgs j'D eoe/ e/;K dh bzfpssk tXh j?. ;qh

ghHe/Hi?B B/ nkgDk ;g;aNheoB fdzd/ dZf;nk fe fJe' ndko/ d/ 250 e/; jB. nfXekohnK B/

bzfpssk xNkT[D dk nk;tk;aB fdZsk .

2H g/w?AN nkca ro?u{Nh n?eN, 1972L

fJ; n?eN nXhB ;qh s/ik f;zx feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,nzfwqs;o^2 ;qh osB

bkb feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,nzfwqs;o^3, ;qh pbftzdo f;zx feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o, okig[ok

n?N wzvh r'fpzdrVQ ns/ ;qh n?;Hn?;HpKvh,;jkfJe feos efw;aBo, pfmzvk gk; fJZe ;kb s'A

b? e/ fszB ;kb dh bzfpssk tkb/ e/; fBgNko/ fjZs gJ/ jB . fi; s/ gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/

ngq;zBsk gqrNkJh rJh ns/ T[BQK B{z ibdh fBgNkT[D d/ nkd/;a fdZs/. fJj th c?;bk ehsk

frnk fe d' ;kb s'A tZX bzpssk tkb/ e/;K dk gfjb d/ nXko s/ fBgNkok ehsk ikJ/.

3H g/w?AN nkca t/fiaia n?eN, 1936L fJ; n?eN nXhB ;qh s/ik f;zx feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,nzfwqs;o^2 ns/ ;qh

pfozdo I;tkb feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o,ibzXo^2 ns/ ;qh n?;Hn?;HpKvh, ;jkfJe feos

efw;aBo, ;zro{o gk; eqwtko 1 s'A 2 ;kb dh bzfpssk d/ 2,3 ns/ 5 e/; fBgNko/ fjZs

bzfps jB . gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ fJj e/; gfjb d/ nkXko s/ fBgNkT[D d/ nkd/;a fdZs/

4H fwBhww t/fiaia n?eN, 1948L fJ; n?eN nXhB t/fynk fe ;qh ghHe/Hi?B gfNnkbk ns/ ;qh

n?;Hn?;HozXktk, ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo, w[jkbh gk; eqwtko 63 ns/ 77 e/; fBgNko/ fjZs

bzfps jB, dh ;zfynk fiankdk j? . fi; d/ ;pzX ftZu gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ fe;/ th sohe/

fJj e/; ibdh fBgNkT[D dh jdkfJs ehsh .

5H toew?B ezwg?B;?;aB n?eN, 1923L fJ; n?eN nXhB ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo, ;qh ftgB gowko

nzfwqs;o^1 ns/ ;qh n?;Hn?;HpKvh ,;zro{o gk; 2^3 ;kb dh bzfpssk d/ eqwtko 2 , 2 e/;

fBgNko/ fjZs bzfps jB . fJ; d/ ;pzX ftZu nfXekohnK tb'A g/;a nk ojhnK Gk;akJh ns/

j'o n"eVK dk fiaeo ehsk frnk . gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ fJzBQK e/;K B{z fBgNkT[D bJh ;jh Yzr

sohek ngBkT[D dh jdkfJs ehsh .

;w[Zu/ s"o s/ ehs/ ezw dk w[bKeD eod/ j'J/ gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/

nkd/;a fdZs/ fe fe;/ th n?eN nXhB fe;/ th nfXekoh gk; fJZe ;kb s'A tZX dh bzfpssk

tkb/ e/; fBgNko/ fjs BjhA j'D/ ukjhd/ . fJ; pko/ ehsh ikD tkbh ekotkJh bJh T[BQK B/

fJj th ;[Mkn fdZsk fe i/eo e'Jh nfXekoh, fi; dh bzfpssk fiankdk j? e/; d{i/ nfXekoh

B{z spdhb eotkT[Dk ukj[zdk j? sK T[j T[Zu nfXekoh s'A nkfrnk b? e/ nfijk eo ;edk j?.

T[BQK fJj th fejk fe wjhBktko ;N/Nw?AN B{z d' fjZf;nk ftZu tzfvnk ikt/ fi; ftZu T[j e/;

nbZr do;kJ/ ikD fi; ftZu gqpzXe feosh B{z w[nktiak d/D B{z ;fjws jB ns/ phwk ezgBh

tb'A tjheb dk n?e;hv?AN eb/w ndk j' u[Zek j? .

6H ezNo?eN b/po n?eN L

fJ; n?eN nXhB ezw dk fiaeo eod/ j'J/ gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ fJ;

n?eN nXhB ezw eoB bJh, d{i/ r[nKYh okiK ftZu ub ojh ekotkJh B{z tkuD bJh

nfXekohnK B{z fejk. gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ fJj th ;[MkfJnk fe d{;o/ okiK s'A gfotkoK ;w/s

nk oj/ gqtk;h wid{oK pko/ ikDekoh oZyh ikt/ feT[Afe fJ; n?eN nXhB pkeh gfotko B{z

th wiad{o Bkb ezw eodk ;wM fbnk iKdk j?, I' fe rbs j? . fJ; pko/ ;jh ;{uBk

fJeZso eoB bJh o/bt/ ftGkr dhnK :ksoh fNeNK, J/izNK ns/ :ksoh ;[ftXktK gqdkB eoB

tkfbnK Bkb skbw/b oZfynk ikt/ .T[BQK tZy^2 ;oft; gq'tkJhvoK pko/ ikDekoh fJeZmh eo

e/ T[BQK B{z th fJ; n?eN d/ x/o/ ftZu fbnkT[D s/ ia'o fdZsk .

7H ;z:[es fBohyDK L

fJ; ;pzXh gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ ;ko/ nfXekohnK B{z fJZe ;[Mkn fdZsk

fe T[j ;z:[es fBohyDK bJh fJZe gfjb'A jh gq'rokw T[bhe e/ ndkfonK d/ wkbeK B{z ;{fus

ehsk ikt/ sK i' T[j fJ; vo Bkb nkgDk ;pzXs foekov dk oZy oykn ;jh sohe/ eo

;eD. T[BQK B/ fJj th dZf;nk fe ;iak$i[owkB/ Bkb'A ekB{zBh ekotkJh dk vo jh T[jBK bJh

ekch j? fi; Bkb wkbeK ns/ nfXekohnK dk nkg;h okpsk th ;jh pfDnk oj/rk . gqw[Zy

;eZso ih B/ ubkB eoB dh ftXh s/ ia'o gkT[D dh pikJ/ ndkfonK ftZu ezw eo oj/

feoshnK dh ;[oZfynk ns/ oZfynk tZb ft;a/;a fXnkB d/ e/ fBohyDK eoB bJh fejk,T[BK

dk ezw eoB dk ;jh tksktoD :ehBh pBkT[D dh jdkfJs ehsh .nfij/ T[gokb/ wkbeK ns/

feoshnK d/ nZS/ ;pzX ekfJw eoB ftZu ekch ;jkJh j'Dr/ . fJ; Bkb feoshnK dh ezw

eoB s/ gkihfNt n;o gt/rk .T[BQK fJj th fejk fe ;z:[es fBohyDK dh fb;N th

t?p;kJhN s/ gkJh ikt/ . fBohyDK dk e'Nk ns/ fiBQK ndkfonK dh fBohyD eoBh j?, pko/

;do dcso s'A o?Bvw sohe/ Bkb fb;N fsnko eoe/ G/ih ikt/ .fJj nfXekohnK dh

wBwoiah s/ Bk SZvh ikt/ .

8H t;{bh L

fizBQK nfXekohnK B/ wjhB/ d"okB 0% foetoh ehsh T[jBK gqsh

ngq;zBsk gqrNkJh rJh ns/ T[BQK B{z ezw ftZu s/iah fbnkT[D dh jdkfJs ehsh .

9H GtB ns/ j'o T[;koh ekw/ ekB{zB nXhB ;?; dh t;{bh, ndkfonK dh ofi;No/;aB L

feos s/ ;[bkj nc;o ;qh s/ik f;zx nzfwqs;o^2, ;qh osB bkb

nzfwqs;o^3 ns/ ;qh ;[Bhb e[wko,r[odk;g[o , ;qh pfozdo I;tkb j[f;ankog[o,r[b;aB e[wko,

ibzXo^3, nkoHe/Hror b[fXnkDk^2, r[ow/b f;zx b[fXnkDk^6 ns/ ;jkfJe feos efw;aBo

;qhwsh w'Bkg[oh b[fXnkDk^3 ns/ w'rk, ;qh ;sBkw f;zx b[fXnkDk^4 fJepkb f;zx, pNkbk

tb'A wjhB/ d"okB e'Jh th ndkok ofi;No BjhA ehsk frnk fi; s/ gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ ezw

ftZu p/jsoh fbnkT[D dh jdkfJs ehsh. gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ gqkJht/N fpbfvzrK dk ;ot/

eoe/ ofi;Nq/;aB ns/ ;?Z; fJeZmk eoB bJh fejk. gqw[Zy ;eZso ih B/ fJ; rZb s/ I'o

fdZsk frnk fe n?eN nXhB f;oc ;?Z; fJeZmk eoBk jh ekch BjhA gozs{ T[; ;?Z; B{z

feoshnK (bkGgksohnK) s/ youDk ekB{zBh s"o s/ T[sBk jh iao{oh j?. T[BQK B/ tZX s'A tZX

bkGgksoh ofi;No eoB dh jdkfJs ehsh sK I' fJeZmk ehsk frnk ;?Z; yk; eoe/ T[BQK dh

f;js, gVQkJh ns/ n?e;ro/;ahnk torhnK ;[ftXktK T[BQK B{z gqdkB j' ;eD. fJj ;[ftXktK

T[BQK dhnK ekoi e[;absk ftZu th tkXk eoBrhnK. ;?Z; fJeZmk eoB d/ ;pzX ftZu gqw[Zy

;eZso ih B/ j'o okiK dhnK ;?Z; w[sZbe ;NZvh eoe/ fog'N eoB bJh fejk ns/ T[;

w[skfpe :'iBkrs sohe/ Bkb g/;a ehs/ ikD d/ nkd/P fdZs/. fJ; s'A fJbktk ftGkr tb'A

feoshnK d/ nkokw bJh pDkJ/ ik oj/ b/po ;?Zv d/ fvikfJB nkfd dh vokfJzr g/;a eoB

bJh fejk sK I' T[; w[skfpe ;?Zv pDkJ/ ik ;eD. fJ; ;pzX ftZu T[BQK B/ feos efw;aBo

ih B{z ;EkBe ;oeko d/ vkfJo?eNo Bkb whfNzr eoB bJh fejk.

nzs ftZu whfNzr XzBtkd d/ ws/ Bkb ;wkgs j'Jh.