Department of Housing and Urban Development - … mosques, baths and many historic houses on the shores of the Golden Horn. Department of Housing and Urban Development-Directorate

1 Department of Housing and Urban Development - Directorate for the Inspection of Conservation Implementations

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•HISTORY OF THE GOLDEN HORN •ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF THE GOLDEN HORN IN ISTANBUL’S METROPOLITAN AREA •LANDUSE & FUNCTIONS AROUND THE GOLDEN HORN – INDEUSTRIAL FACILITIES •ENVIROMENTAL POLLUTION-TREATMENT OF THE GOLDEN HORN •TRANSFORMATION OF FUNCTIONS AROUND THE GOLDEN HORN -EXISTING FUNCTIONS -PROJECTS •PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE GOLDEN HORN

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İSTANBUL BÜTÜNÜ HARİTASI

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Location

Throughout the history the Golden Horn always provided a favorable location for people to settle because of its position as a well protected harbor both from natural conditions and enemies.

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Department of Housing and Urban Development-Directorate of Protection Application and Supervision

Spatial Development of the Golden Horn As an extension of Marmara Sea where the Sea meets Bosphorus, Haliç separates the Istanbul and Beyoğlu peninsulas. Its depth reaches nearly 60 meters inmost but because of the wastes under sea it can just reaches 2 – 3 meters depth. Because of its twisted arc like shape and due to its changing color in the sun-set, the travelers in the past named the water-inlet as the Golden Horn

-8-km.

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Golden Horn seperating the historical peninsula and Beyoğlu, had hosted by many different cultures throughout its history. There are Byzantine palaces, city walls, churches, Ottoman mansions, mosques, baths and many historic houses on the shores of the Golden Horn.


Kariye Museum

Tekfur Palace

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Pierre Loti

Lengerhane

Feshane

Zeyrek Cami

Süleymaniye Cami

Topkapı Sarayı

Galata Kulesi

Kongre Merkezi

Taksim

Ayasofya

Fener Rum Lisesi

Patrikhane

Elektrik Santrali

Cibali Tütün Fabrik

ası


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History of the Golden Horn

Golden Horn was assumed as a natural harbor with its bays on the shores but it was just a fruitful sheltered sea at the times of Antiquity.

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By the Middle Ages; the Golden Horn had become an important and vibrant commercial center for the Mediterranean and the Near East.

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Seafaring facilities were settled at the southern coast of the Golden Horn in Byzantine times. During the Ottoman period the Golden Horn continued its development and functions as a harbor, trade centre, shipyard and a zone for naval forces. Haliç, Taskızak, Camialtı and Hasköy are the Ottoman shipyards which are still in use.


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Golden Horn became an attractive point for the industrial facilities especially from the late19th century onwards. The factories and workshops took the place of residential areas. As a result of uncontrolled and unplanned growth of industrial facilities, the residential areas moved from Golden Horn to Beyoglu, Bosphorus and Kadikoy.

Golden Horn Shores in the 18th century In the18th century, summer palaces and recreational facilities were built along the Golden Horn from Eyüp to Kagıthane.


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Residential areas of Golden Horn were socially transformed rapidly with the industrial movements/facilities and lost its unique identity after industrial Revolution.

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Systematical Urban planning procedure started for the Golden Horn and its surrounding which served as varying functions during its history, after the establishment of Turkish Republic. These urban plans have some positive and negative effects for Golden Horn. Golden Horn and its surrounding had different functions with various plan decisions.

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The transformation of Golden Horn according to the plan decisions:

In 1933 plan of İstanbul by Hermann Elgötz; it is stated that the industrial facilities should be removed from the historical peninsula and Golden Horn.

The Prost Plan which had a strategic importance for the development of Golden Horn. According to Prost plan of 1937, the banks of the Golden Horn were declared as the industrial zone of the city. All the industrial plants and warehouses gathered and moved to the region.

The plan prepared by Henri Prost who was one of the founders of town planning in France, remain valid for 20 years. This plan is the main reason of industrialization of Golden Horn. In addition, with this plan the historical texture was destroyed.

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The transformation of Golden Horn according to the plan decisions:

in 1958 Professor Luigi Piccinato make some suggestions about İstanbul such as the removal of industrial plants in the Golden Horn, integration of green sites/areas such as the shores of the Golden Horn and the green areas around the city walls. But these recommendations were not implemented.

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Golden Horn

By the end of the year 1985 there were 700 industrial plants and more than 2,000 factories established according to these plan decisions.

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Golden Horn

The pollution of the Golden Horn became one of the most important problems of İstanbul in those years.

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Golden Horn

One of the biggest environmental projects was implemented in 1985 in order to revive the historical and cultural aspects by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and İSKİ (Istanbul Water Utility)

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“The Golden Horn Environmental Protection Project”! was awarded First Prize in the Metropolis Award in 2002.

Golden Horn

The Golden Horn Environmental Protection Project: •Constructing the collectors to prevent the inflow of sewage. •Transmitting waste water collectors to the waste treatment plants. •screening /scanning the accumulated sludge at the base of the Golden Horn throughout the centuries •Collecting the sludge from the base of Golden Horn and transferring it to an appropriate area. •Arranging /planning the Golden Horn and its environment were the primary studies of the project…

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1996 2003

Sonraki Önceki


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The decentralization of the industrial zone created an empty space which was used as a green line.


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The Golden Horn was treated and surrounded with green areas. But the transformation had not realized yet. It is proposed to give new functions to these areas in order to revive the Golden Horn and accelerate the transformation of the region.


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Feshane International Fair Center Eyüp, Pierre Loti Historical Graveyard and Landscape Project Rahmi Koç Industry Museum (Hasköy Shipyard) Sütlüce slaughterhouse congress and cultural hall Miniatürk (İstanbul Miniature Park) The Golden Horn Coast Urban Design Project between Galata and Unkapanı Bridges Rehabilitation Project of Eyüp District Rehabilitation Project of Fener-Balat Districts Ayvansaray Urban Site Preservation Project North Golden Horn Green Line Project Golden Horn Shipyard Reuse Project Restoration Project of Silahtarağa Power Plant/Station

Haliç’in Plan Kararları ile Gelen Dönüşümü

The Projects for the Golden Horn according to this report:

A master plan for the Golden Horn was prepared by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality by the year 2001.

Golden Horn

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Military Lands and Shipyards (Camialtı - Taşkızak): Military areas are retreated after the decentralization process and planning to re-function for social-recreational facility needs. In the master plan the buildings inside the military areas are aimed to be preserve and exhibit

Golden Horn

Military Lands and Shipyards

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In 1991, the power plant has been registered by the Ministry of Culture, Istanbul 1st Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection Board. In May 2004, the building was granted to Istanbul Bilgi University to reuse as a museum by the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources.

Silahtarağa Power Plant which was founded in 1913, is the first central power plant of the Ottoman Empire, meeting the electricity demand of Istanbul until 1952.

Silahtarağa Power Plant/Station

Golden Horn

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An important industrial building was turned into a contemporary art center. One of the oldest buildings of the power plant had became an “energy museum”.

Golden Horn


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The building “Lengerhane” which was used to produce anchor chains, restored and with re-use project turned into a private industrial museum that is dedicated to history of transport, industry and communications, in 1994. The museum was enlarged with the addition of Hasköy Shipyard which has been restored and opened in2001.

Golden Horn

LENGERHANE - RAHMİ KOÇ INDUSTRY MUSEUM (HASKÖY SHIPYARD)

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Feshane was established as textile factory in 1835 in order to produce broadcloth and fez. The building was vacated by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality in order to demolish the building in 1998. Later restoration and re-use projects were prepared by the Municipality and the building started to function as an exhibition and fair hall.

Golden Horn

FESHANE INTERNATIONAL FAIR CENTER

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Golden Horn

FESHANE INTERNATIONAL FAIR CENTER

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Cibali Tobacco and Cigarette Factory, founded in 1884, alloted to Kadir Has University in 1997. The building was restored and by the year 2001 the education was started.

Golden Horn

CİBALİ TOBACCO FACTORY

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Tobacco Factory's transformation – re-use project has been awarded in "Architectural Heritage" category by Europa Nostra Award Program of the European Union in 2004.

Golden Horn

CİBALİ TOBACCO FACTORY

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Slaughterhouse which was built in 1923 had a total area of 20.000 m². It had been the largest slaughterhouse of the city by 1985. As a result; it had been the most polluting building among THE Golden Horn. Since then, it was used as a meat distribution center for a while.

Golden Horn

SÜTLÜCE SLAUGHTERHOUSE

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Slaughterhouse closed due to some structural problems and was completely destroyed in 1998. Sütlüce Slaughterhouse was turned into Europe's largest cultural and artistic center including; cinemas, theaters, concert halls, convention and exhibition halls.

Golden Horn

SÜTLÜCE SLAUGHTERHOUSE

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Miniaturk, the first miniature park project in Turkey was opened in May 2003. Miniatürk was established on 60,000 square meters area. It is composed of 1/25 scaled models of the selected works in Turkey and the Ottoman territories.

Golden Horn

MİNİATURK MINIATURE PARK/MUSEUM

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Ayvansaray Quarter has been declared as an area of urban renewal by Fatih Municipality in 2005. Restoration implementations are started with the monumental buildings such as Tekfur Palace, Anemas Dungeons, Emir Buhari Dervish Lodge, Holy spring of Virgin Mary and Toklu İbrahim Dede Masjid. The timber houses in the neighborhood of these monuments are also started to/going to be? restored.

Golden Horn

AYVANSARAY URBAN SITE PRESERVATION PROJECT (REVIVING THE TURKİSH QUARTER)

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Golden Horn

REHABILITATION OF FENER-BALAT DISTRICTS PROJECT

Rehabilitation of Fener and Balat Districts Project was a joint program of European Union and Fatih Municipality and its implementation had started in January 2003. The Program was composed of four main titles: restoration of houses, social rehabilitation, renovation of the historical Balat Market and establishment of a waste management strategy. A total of 7.000.000 Euros provided by the European Union for the project. 84 houses, 33 shops, Dimitri Kantemir house, a social center building were restored and solid waste management has been established

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REDBULL COMPETITIONS (2007) HASKOY SAILING RACES (MAY 2008)

HASKOY SAILING RACES (MAY 2009) ROWING COMPETITIONS

Golden Horn

SPORTS

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Haliç’in Plan Kararları ile Gelen Dönüşümü

Ticaret Merkezi

Sivil Gemicilik

Köşkler,

yalılar

Sanayi- Konutlar

terk

Planlı Sanayi

Plansız ve Sağlıksız Konut Alanlarının Yer

Seçimi

Haliç Kirlenmesi

Haliç Temizleme

Projesi

Sanayinin Desantralizasyo

nu

Haliç Kıyılarının Yeşil Alan

Planlaması

Haliç Kıyılarında Yer Alan Tarihi Yapıların

Yeni İşlevler Verilerek Dönüşümü

Önemli Kurum ve KuruluşlarınYönetim Merkezlerinin Haliç

Çevresinde Yer Seçimi

Konutların Dönüşümü

ORTAÇAĞ BİZANS

DÖNEMİ 18.Y.Y. 1933-1985 19.Y.Y. 1985

1985 1985-1995 1995-2000 2000-

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Golden Horn

Two major freeways passing across the Golden Horn, Feshane, Slaughterhouse, historic tobacco factory and a number of important buildings functioning as culture and tourism centers, the establishment of Miniature Park, show centers and headquarters of important non-governmental organisations around the Golden Horn have been accelerating the transformation of Golden Horn and gave its old reputation.

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Golden Horn

The re-use projects for Golden Horn also affected the residential areas and a transformation project for houses has started. It is carried out both by local municipality and householders.

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Golden Horn

The transformation still continues today with new projects. Effects of the transformation will be monitored better in time.

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THE PROBLEMS OF URBAN RENEWAL

1. High personal advantage expectations about the renewal 2. Transformation of physical structure without social tranformation

(regeneration) 3. Increasing land values change the social structure 4. Land speculators 5. No relationship between the upper-scale transformation projects and

renewal projects. 6. Participation problems 7. Distrust between project partners.

(Non-governmental organizations - public – investor - landowner/

householder) arsa sahibi)

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Documents

Department of Housing and Urban Development - … mosques, baths and many historic houses on the shores of the Golden Horn. Department of Housing and Urban Development-Directorate