Department of Geological Sciences Undergraduate Handbook ... · Undergraduate Handbook 2017 ... learn how to be a geologist and also where we all became such good friends. ... exploration

Engage.Department of Geological SciencesUndergraduate Handbook 2017

SCIENCE

‘Geology students are the happiest on campus!’

2 Welcome3 Geology at UC4 UC Geology Graduates5 Why Geology?7 BSc Degree Structure 8 Starting your BSc in Geology9 UC Geology Graduates

10 UC Teaching Award11 Geology Courses14 Science Headstart15 Fun Classrooms16 Field Stations17 Low Cost18 Career in Geology

19 Careers Pathways21 Postgraduate Programme 22 Teaching Staff23 Design your Degree24 Contact Information

Cover Image Students on 300–level field trip to the West Coast.

(Forbes Science – Dec 18, 2015)

2 http://www.geol.canterbury.ac.nz/

Welcome

Geology is an incredibly diverse and multidisciplinary subject. It is about understanding Planet Earth so that we can benefit human society and sustain the environment that supports us. Geologists are time-travellers. The scientific detective work on events in deep geological time help us to understand the present, and both past and present are the key to predicting the future.

Many of our staff and post-graduate students are at the forefront of research associated with understanding more about the series of earthquakes that impacted so heavily on Christchurch city and the surrounding landscape over the last two years . The results of which are, and continue to be a huge research effort, and not only contribute significantly to the rebuild of a safer Christchurch, but will also be influential on a national and international level. Scientists all over the world will have a greater understanding of the hows and whys of plate tectonics, and engineers and architects will use our data to influence the way they design and build. As geologists we in Geological Sciences have a long-term commitment to improving our understanding of how our planet works. Questions such as: What is the pace of climate change and what can we do about future sea-level rise, and are there untapped energy and mineral resources both onshore and offshore New Zealand; are also increasingly important concerns both at the regional and global scales. Come and join us

and help toward answering these questions and many more!

We have engaging and challenging courses which prepare students for a diverse range of career options, such as in geo-exploration, volcanology, hazard management, engineering geology, environmental planning, water resources, science teaching and geoscience research - to name but a few! Our department has a very strong reputation for excellent teaching and support of its students. We are recognized as the best research department in the College of Science, and one of the best geoscience departments in New Zealand. We can offer you exciting, up-to-date courses taught by active and informed staff in an environment where your safety is paramount.

Geology offers a rich variety of learning opportunities for students. We wish you well in your studies at UC, and look forward to meeting you in the Department.

Welcome to Geological Sciences at UC

Dr Catherine ReidHead of Department

Volcanolgy fieldtrip

http://www.geol.canterbury.ac.nz/

The Geology major offered at the undergraduate level provides a broad based introduction to Geology.

Staff and research students in the Department are engaged in research in four areas of geology that are important to society:

Geology – defining the dynamics and physical history of the Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes that the Earth has undergone or is undergoing.

Engineering Geology – the application of geological sciences to civil engineering design and construction practice, as well as geological hazards mitigation and mining.

Disaster, Risk and Resilience – the understanding of disasters and development of community resilience by risk management.

Environmental Science – the study of the environment, incorporating its structure and functioning, and human interactions with the environment.

Geology is taught by the Department of Geological Sciences. We offer 18 undergraduate courses in geology taught by an enthusiastic team of staff who have wide experience. We have special expertise in volcanology, geological hazards, engineering geology, active processes, Antarctic geology, geophysical exploration and palaeobiology. This means that geology at UC has first class teaching and research. It is exciting as well as being intellectually stimulating. Geology at UC offers something for everyone!

We expect all our Geology majors to study the three core papers:

GEOL 111 Planet Earth: An Introduction to Geology

GEOL 113 Environmental Geohazards

GEOL 115 The Dynamic Earth System

Having gained an introduction to the range of Geology, many students start to favour particular facets of geology. Such interests are catered for in the major thematic areas described in pages 11 and 12. You will see that there is overlap between the streams. The overlap is important – the area of Volcanology

Geology at UC

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and Hydrothermal Systems, for example, is just as important to the study of ore deposits as it is to the study of Engineering Geology!

Entry into GeologyEntry into Geological Sciences is straight forward. However, students who have not completed Year 13 Science may find the Science Headstart summer course very useful. The diagram below shows the different paths that may be followed to complete undergraduate and postgraduate studies in Geoscience.

School(Year 13)

Workforce

A Career in Geoscience

Science Pathways at UC

BSc First YearSecond Year

Third Year

BSc

MDRR (Disaster, Risk and

Resilience) or

PMEG (Eng. Geology)

12 months

Professional MastersPG Dip Sc

(Geol, ENVR)1 year

DiplomaBSc (Hons)

(Geol, ENVR)1 year

HonoursMScPart I1 year

Part II1 year

Masters

PhD3 year

Doctorate

Tongariro Crossing

http://www.geol.canterbury.ac.nz/ 4

UC Geology Graduates

‘I am currently working as a geotechnical adviser to the Vanuatu Department of Geology, Mines, and Water Resources. My main tasks are to build the capacity of local geologists in geothermal geology and complete a baseline survey of the archipelago’s geothermal resources. This basically entails training local counterparts in field and desktop techniques for assessing the geothermal resources of Vanuatu.

I did a BSc (Geology and Geography, with an Endorsement in Environmental Science) graduating in 2010 and then graduated with an MSc (Hons) in Geology in 2013. During my BSc and MSc programmes I focussed on getting a broad skill set in more than just hard rock geology, by working towards being an ‘earth-system scientist’ with the UC’s Environmental Science endorsement. UC gives young Earth scientists a skill set that ranges from underlying geological theory to data collection, to analysis and interpretation/modelling.

UC geologists learn to stand on their own two feet, and using their own traditional knowledge combined with the scientific method to imagine the massive processes going on below and before us.’

Simon BloombergMSc in Geology

‘Most importantly I learnt how to share knowledge and make connections.’

‘I work at Scitech, the science and technology centre in Perth, Western Australia. Being a science communicator allows me to share my passion for science with the community to make science exciting, accessible and relevant to their everyday lives.

I completed my studies in 2012 with a BSc and MSc in Geology with my research focusing on the early formation of Akaroa Volcano. Studying at the University of Canterbury was great, I valued the exposure to a diverse range of sciences, gaining knowledge and developing critical thinking, practical hands on and communication skills.

My most enjoyable moments during my time at Canterbury were on amazing fieldtrips where you got to explore some of the most beautiful places in New Zealand with amazing people, and put your skills and theory you learned into practice.’

Alyesha TrentMSc in Geology

‘Being a science communicator allows me to share my passion for science with the community.’

‘I am a geo-environmental consultant. This means that I investigate sites to understand what contamination and geotechnical issues may be present, and how these will affect development. It involves site work, assessing lab data to inform risk assessments, and preparing reports to assist clients obtain planning permission for their projects. There are also lots of industry events and conferences to attend which is great for networking and developing technical skills. I did my BSc and MSc degrees in Geology at UC graduating in 2012. From these I developed strong report writing critical analysis skills particularly in environmental geochemistry, which I use on a daily basis at work for site investigation.

My most memorable moments from UC were all of the field trips! This was the best way to learn how to be a geologist and also where we all became such good friends. During my Masters thesis I was lucky enough to go on a month-long trip to East Timor for my fieldwork which was amazing. The best events were definitely all of the Rocksoc Quiz nights where we would party as a big group of geologists.’

Louise MoodyMSc in Geology

‘During my Masters thesis I was lucky enough to go on a month-long trip to East Timor for my fieldwork which was amazing. ’

Geology is the wide-ranging scientific study of our planet: its materials and structure, its natural processes and systems, its resources and history. We live on a dynamic Earth. In fact New Zealand is one of the most active regions of the world as our volcanoes, earthquakes and mountain ranges testify. Geologists (or geoscientists) investigate these natural phenomena and processes to understand how the planet works. One of the most difficult things to grasp is the vastness of geological time, yet it is this context that makes the scientific detective work, known as Geology, so fascinating. Many geological processes have changed through time, and contained in the rock record is evidence for the origin and biological evolution of life itself.

Today Geology is a modern scientific multi-discipline using a wide range

of advanced instrumentation and methods. Airborne infrared imagery and gas sampling of active volcanoes, the chemical analysis of geological samples using X-rays and gamma-rays, the computer analysis of records from seismic detectors, the evaluation of climate change by looking at the rock and biological records - these are but a few examples. Geological research is no longer confined to planet Earth; Mars and other terrestrial bodies of our Solar System are being actively explored.

Why study geology?If you are interested in the natural environment and want a challenging and exciting science-based career with ample travel opportunities, then geology is for you. The multi-disciplinary aspect of Geology means that you may wish to combine studies in geology with other subjects such as chemistry, biology, physics, geography, mathematics or computer sciences. Such

combinations may lead you into the rapidly expanding areas of engineering geology, geophysics, geochemistry, hazards management or environmental science. Other powerful combinations are geology with commerce or law - this could lead you into management in the minerals industry or development of environmental legislation. International travel is a high expectation for a geologist. Advanced study on topics such as volcanic eruptions or earthquake activity may take you to several countries. You may do research in Antarctic geology which has many links to the geology of New Zealand.

As a geologist you could be involved in the search for new mineral deposits, oil, gas or water - the precious resources on which our modern technological society is based. You could equally well be involved in the assessment of the environmental impact of exploration or mining. Environmental and conservation issues are part of any major proposal for land utilization and geologists have an important role in the planning process. Major building constructions such as roads, dams, reservoirs etc require geological expertise in the investigation of sites and foundations. Geologists are


Why Geology?

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Group work and problem solving during lectures

involved in the assessment of natural hazards and disasters including volcanic and seismic activity, erosion and flooding. Geological knowledge underpins many aspects of society in both developed and emerging economies. Earth is the only planet we have and sustains all life. An understanding of its history and how it works should be part of everyone’s education!

What background do I need?There are no specific requirements for starting First Year studies in Geology. Some knowledge of basic science is preferable but not essential, and students will find the subject both fascinating and educational regardless of whether or not they are majoring in Sciences.

Students intending to proceed to advanced levels in Geology must take other science subjects. Although these are a matter of personal choice, students should take into account the various career pathways and the multidisciplinary aspects of the subject such as geophysics, geochemistry, environmental science, engineering geology etc. Staff in the Department of Geological Sciences are always happy to give advice on the most appropriate course for each individual case.

Celebrating sunset on Mt Ruapehu looking at Mt Taranaki


Do I need chemistry, maths, physics or stats?More and more areas of Geology require a basic knowledge of statistics, mathematics, chemistry and physics. To give you some examples, engineering geology and structural geology require a working knowledge of maths and basic algebra. The study of microfossil populations requires some understanding of basic statistics. A basic knowledge of chemistry is fundamental to the study of igneous and metamorphic petrology and for geophysics and Earth dynamics physics is a must. It is also worth keeping in mind that areas of geology which as recently as 10 years ago did not require maths, stats, physics or chemistry have now embraced these disciplines. There are many niches in geological sciences for those that are not chemically or mathematically inclined, but a background in these areas may expand your options. Statistical analysis and computer modelling have become an essential part of geological research. Geology majors should think about taking STAT 101 and MATH 101.

Headstart pre-university catch-up programme If you qualify for University Entrance, but plan on studying a subject you don’t feel confident in, or if you have been away from study for a while, then the Headstart pre-university catch-up programme may be for you. UC provides plenty of support. This includes introductory courses at 1st year that are specifically tailored to geologist needs eg, Methods of Mathematics (MATH 101) and Introductory Chemistry (CHEM 114). There is also the Science Headstart summer programme to help you up-skill if you have no background in a range of science subjects, see http://www.canterbury.ac.nz/bridging/headstart/. If in doubt, talk to one of our academic advisors.

Careers, Internships & Employment Are you looking for a job or internship, or scholarship? Want to book to meet potential employers on campus? Want to speak with a career consultant? If you would like to have more information go to http://www.canterbury.ac.nz/careers/

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http://www.geol.canterbury.ac.nz/7

The Bachelor of Science degree requires a minimum total of 360 points. At least 255 points must be from Science courses. The remaining 105 points can be from either Science courses or courses from other degrees.

At least 225 points must be from courses above 100-level, with at least 90 points at 300-level, at least 60 of which must be in a single Science subject (unless specified otherwise) – this is your major. For a double major you must complete 60 points in each of two Science subjects.

BSc Degree Structure

Course workload A typical full-time student with a good NCEA Level 3 or scholarship result would aim for 120 points each year. This may look like a relatively light programme in terms of lecture hours, particularly in non-laboratory courses, but a university student is expected to complete most of their workload outside formal contact hours through personal study, reading, assignments. If you take too heavy a load this will affect your performance in all your courses. Students enrolling in only one semester should select courses totalling 45–60 points. You will receive a workload warning letter or email if you exceed 75 points in a single semester.

Lectures, labs and tutorialsOnce enrolled you can access your timetableinformation through an online tool called MyTimetable*. This can be accessed athttps://mytimetable.canterbury.ac.nz andvia UC Student Web and Learn. Timetableinformation for individual courses* can also befound at www.canterbury.ac.nz/courses. Pleasekeep re-checking your timetable up to andthrough the first two weeks of the semester, assome timetable details may be subject to minorchange.Some departments will allow you to choosecertain class times to suit your personaltimetable in the first weeks of a course. Yourlecturer will advise you of the process if thisoption is available. You will find a class plannerfor the first semester on page 23 of this guide.For more timetable details go towww.canterbury.ac.nz/theuni/timetable/.

UC Undergraduate entrance scholarships The University of Canterbury offers$12.5 million in scholarships and prizesannually. Whether you are a new or returningstudent, an undergraduate or postgraduatestudent, a domestic or international student, you could be eligible for a scholarship at UC.

Undergraduate Entrance ScholarshipsIf you got merit or excellence endorsementsin Year 12 or Year 13 (or theirequivalent), you are automatically eligibleto receive a cash scholarship ranging from$1000 to $3000. For more information go to http://www.canterbury.ac.nz/scholarships/

* Timetable information will be added shortly after the enrolment period opens in October 2013.

Bachelor of Science majoring in Geology - typical degree structure

Geology major – required courses

Strongly recommended Courses from Science or other degrees

All students are encouraged to include 15 points of Statistics or Mathematics, which will count as a Science course. Students completing a BSc degree with very good grades are eligible to be admitted into a BSc(Hons) which is offered as an accelerated 12-month full-time postgraduate degree.

Each small block represents a 15-point course. However, some courses may be 30 points (or more).

GEOL200 Level

GEOL200 Level

GEOL200 Level

GEOL200 Level

GEOL200 Level

GEOL200 Level

GEOG200 Level

200Level

Year 2GEOL

111GEOL

113GEOL

115100

Level100

Level100

LevelMATH

101STAT101

Year 1

GEOL300 Level

300 or 200Level

300 or 200Level

GEOL351

GEOL352

GEOL300 Level

GEOL300 Level

GEOL300 Level

Year 3

Kakanui headland Oamaru fieldtrip


Starting your BSc in Geology

Geological Sciences MajorThe Bachelor of Science, or BSc degree, is a three year undergraduate degree requiring 360 points. The Department offers a single undergraduate major in Geological Science (GEOL). Our three core 100 level courses provide a comprehensive overview of geology, from which our 200- and 300-level courses provide advanced training in specialised areas. We believe that this broad approach in curriculum delivery is of great benefit to student learning. To major in GEOL, students must have GEOL 111, and one of either GEOL 113 or GEOL 115. To gain a pass a student must do satisfactory practical work in laboratory classes and in field courses as well as performing satisfactorily in written tests and examinations. Students who have not taken Maths (with Calculus) to Year 13 or Scholarship level should strongly consider taking 15 points of

MATH (eg MATH 101) before enrolling in 200 level courses. Students intending to enrol for fourth year courses should have gained the equivalent of at least 90 points in 300 level GEOL courses. GEOL 351 and 352 are essential for ALL intending postgraduate students.

Choosing your courses in first yearStarting your BSc in Geology is straightforward. Geological Sciences offers a range of streams to make planning your degree easy and still allows you to create a personalised degree that suits your interests. See pages 9 and 10 for stream details. Most students begin by taking the core geology courses during their first year at Canterbury, but students who discover an interest in geology later can also take the core courses during their second year. The three core courses are:




After your first yearSecond year courses in Geology are semesterised and each of 15 points value. Two courses, GEOL 240 and GEOL 241 deal with Field Studies in Geology. Here we abandon the classroom and the laboratory and take to the Canterbury hills or the West Coast to learn what geology is like in practice. These courses are a great learning experience and great fun. In addition there are four other courses, GEOL 242-246, making it a total of 90 points in Geology 200 level courses. We regard these as CORE courses, highly recommended for those students wishing to take up careers in Geology. Most students, majoring in Geology, take all six 200 level Geology courses.

Third year courses are more specialised and there are a number of options depending on your preferences and objectives. GEOL 351-352 are Advanced Field Studies courses and are essential for students wishing to proceed to postgraduate study. Some 300 level courses have specific 200 level course prerequisites. The minimum requirement to complete a BSc majoring in Geology is 60 points at 300 level (within your 360 point total) but in practice most students take six GEOL 300 point courses together with GEOL 351 and 352 in order to demonstrate a broad and credible coverage of advanced level learning.

GEOL 111 is a required course for a Geology major, along with either GEOL 113 or GEOL 115. Students are recommended to take both GEOL 113 and GEOL 115.

Santa Maria volcano, Guatemala


UC Geology Graduates

‘I work as an environmental scientist and biogeochemist for GNS Science and Environment Southland, Regional Council. As a project scientist I work on better understanding the spatial and temporal controls over water quality. Working with the community, specifically learning from Iwi, farmers and passionate folk is super rewarding. From UC I gained my diploma in secondary teaching and learning (Chemistry, Biology and Maths) and my PhD in Geological sciences. Learning to communicate science to high school kids has stood me in good stead for taking science to our communities.

My PhD studies in geology and geochemistry at UC made me a better scientist and I am more confident and can get my head around new areas of research. Some of the memorable moments from my PhD include getting an acid burn on my backside from a volcano (not so fun); having friends help with field work was fun and getting to experience some amazing sites and scenery including helicopter trips to sample fumaroles on Mount Tongariro and White Island; and: finding a native bat rookery with a geothermal field.’

Clinton RissmannPhD Geology

‘ As a project scientist I work on better understanding the spatial and temporal controls over water quality.’

‘I am an Engineering Geologist for Tonkin + Taylor. The work is fun and variable, which keeps you thinking on your feet. A couple of awesome projects includes prospect dam drilling to determine permeability and rock mass characteristics, along with site walk overs to establish landslide and slope stability issues on public and private land. The work also has a great office and field balance, which suits me really well. I have a BSc in Geology (2014) and a Professional Masters in Engineering Geology (PMEG) from the following year. Some of the useful skills that I learnt at UC include: undertaking desk top studies, communication skills, field and laboratory skills to analyse the big geologic picture to figure out what is going on. Some of the highlights from my UC degree include the awesome field trips, meeting great life-long mates, researching interesting topics, and a chopper flight to the Crater Lake, Mt Ruapehu.

Stefan CookProfessional Masters in Engineering Geology

‘The work is fun and variable, which keeps you thinking and on your feet. ’

‘I currently work as a Volcanic Operations Technician at GNS Science in Taupo. Our team has the awesome country-wide job of maintaining the seismic and volcanic monitoring equipment that makes up GeoNet, taking us all around the country, from the fjords in the south to the slopes of Ruapehu and White Island in the north. I studied at Canterbury for 6 years from 2009 until mid-2014, first completing my BSc majoring in Geology and Geography, followed by a MSc in Geology and a Postgraduate Certificate in Antarctic Studies.

During my time studying geology at UC I learnt all the basics like how to write a report, but more interestingly, learnt how to understand a landscape in a geological context, solving questions about earth systems from the field to the lab and from mountain to microscopic scale.’

Cameron AsherMSc in Geology

‘Solving questions about earth systems from the field to the lab and from mountain to microscopic scale.’

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UC Teaching Award Winner 2016

Dr Ben KennedyGeological SciencesQ: What do you teach/What are your areas of interest?Ben: I teach a second year course called Rocks Minerals and Ores, as well as 3rd and 4th year Magmatic systems and Volcanology courses. I also teach field trips where we get to take students into the mountains, along the coast and up volcanoes. Q: What is your background/how long have you been teaching at UC? Are there any career highlights you would like to mention?Ben: Prior to teaching at UC I worked as a teaching learning fellow at the University of British Columbia with Nobel Laureate Carl Wieman. I was lucky enough to spend a full year learning how to teach, how to research teaching, and how to spread the word about the benefits of good teaching. Since arriving at UC 7 years ago, together with Erik

Brogt and an enthusiastic team from the Department of Geological Sciences I have received several big grants from Ako Aotearoa to promote active learning, science communication role plays, and research learning in virtual and real fieldtrips.Q: What is your teaching philosophy?Ben: To focus on the students and to have fun using innovative teaching techniques that have been rigorously proven to increase learning.Q: What do you love most about teaching?Ben: All geologists love fieldwork, and I love watching students becoming part of the geology family, there is nothing like seeing rocks in action to excite and bond teachers and students alike. It is amazing to see the transformation a fieldtrip can have. An awkward group of second year geology students that

don’t really know each other or their future can be transformed in a week into best friends and geologists for life.Q: Do you have any stand-out moments you would like to share? (Perhaps seeing a struggling student achieve, or that ‘light-bulb-moment’?)Ben: It has been wonderful to have been at UC long enough to see longer term transformations. I can think of one student (she will know who she is!) who started out at UC, shy, not outdoorsy, and unconfident in her academic abilities, now she is an expert in her field, she hikes up and down volcanoes, jumps in and out of helicopters, she blows stuff up, appears on TV and advises DOC and GNS Science on volcanic hazards, and she has become a great teacher, and mentor to other students.


Geology Courses


Semester 1 15 points

The lecture course covers such topics as the Earth and its interior, an introduction to continental drift and plate tectonics, earthquake activity, geomagnetism, absolute dating, minerals and rocks, igneous processes and volcanoes, sedimentary processes in marine, river and glacial environments, metamorphic processes, evolution and dating of the Earth’s crust. A comparison will be made with processes and rock types on the Moon and other planets as well as introducing topics related to critical zone processes (terroir) and medical geology. Practical work includes the study and recognition of common minerals and rocks in hand specimen, and the significance of outcrop relationships in terms of geological history.

Lect: 3 x 50 minutes per weekLab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per week



GEOL113 Environmental Geohazards provides a general introduction to the dynamic nature of the Earth’s surface, and the hazards that certain geological phenomena pose for human society and the natural environment. Emphasis is placed on natural processes, specifically earthquake, volcanic, flood (inundation) and landslide hazards, with selected examples of both disastrous events and hazard mitigation techniques. There is significant focus on the recent earthquake sequence in Canterbury in both lecture and practical components of the course.

Lect: 3 x 50 minutes per weekLab: no laboratories



The 4.55 billion year story of Earth has a single unifying theme: change. Entire continents have come and gone and more than 99.9% of Earth’s life forms are now extinct. You can even find marine fossils on the top of Mount Everest, and whole oceans have disappeared as continents have collided in prolonged periods of mountain building. The story of Earth is a story of constant renewal and interaction among tectonics, rocks, water, plants, animals, soil and air. The Dynamic Earth System teaches you how to read this story present in both the rock record and Earth’s modern natural environment.

Lect: 3 x 50 minutes per weekLab: 1 lab (2.5 hours) every second week,

alternating with a 1 hour Tutorial.

GEOL 240 Field Studies A - Mapping


Geological mapping involves the observation, recording, presentation and interpretation of field data, all fundamental skills required by practising geologists. Students enrolling in GEOL240 will prepare a geologic map, cross-section, and written report for the Glens of Tekoa area of North Canterbury based on field data collected during a 5-day fieldtrip held during semester break. Laboratory exercises will introduce fundamental field techniques and geological map reading skills.

Specific field trip dates will vary from year-to-year pending enrolments and the UC Calendar. Assessment in GEOL240 is based on two geological mapping exercises (75%) and a laboratory examination (25%).

Lect: No lecturesLab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per weekP: (I) GEOL111, and (2) 15 pts from GEOL113 or

GEOL115. (For students started prior to 2016 GEOL111 and GEOL112 are the required pre-requisites)

C: 15 point from any of GEOL 242-246 offered in the same semester

GEOL 241 Field Studies B - Field Techniques


Geological mapping involves the observation, recording and interpretation of field data, and is a fundamental skill required by all practicing geologists. GEOL 241 introduces field techniques to students – these include identification and description of metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary rocks, measuring stratigraphic columns, collection and interpretation of rock deformation structures. GEOL 241 comprises 7 days field geology, based in Westport and Christchurch, during August/September, and 7 x 2½ hour laboratory classes, before and after the field trip – as an introduction to field techniques, and as post-trip interpretation of collected field data.

Lect: No lecturesLab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per weekP: (I) GEOL111, and (2) 15 pts from GEOL113 or


C: 15 point from any of GEOL 242-246 offered in the same semester

GEOL 242 Rocks, Minerals and Ores


The course will provide an introduction to mineralogy, igneous and metamorphic petrology, and related ore deposits. Basic principles of mineralogy and microscopy will be built upon to describe and interpret igneous, metamorphic and economically important rocks and minerals. The practical work involves naming and describing hand samples of common minerals, rocks and ores. In addition each student will be allocated a microscope for the laboratory work, and selected samples will be examined and described in thin section and/or polished mount using transmitted light microscopy. The lectures provide a theoretical background to some of the practical work (such as optical mineralogy and rock classification), but also provide an introduction to important mineralogical and rock-forming processes.

Lect: 3 x 50 minutes per weekLab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per weekP: (I) GEOL111, and (2) 15 pts from GEOL113 or


To gain a pass a student must do satisfactory practical work in laboratory classes and in field courses as well as performing satisfactorily in written tests and examinations.

KeyP: Pre-requisitesC: Co-requisitesRP: Recommended Preparation R: Restrictions

See central timetabling for all lectures and laboratories at www.canterbury.ac.nz/theuni/timetable/

GEOL 240 and 241 are essential prerequisites for GEOL 351 and 352 and for those students wishing to proceed to postgraduate study in Geology and Engineering Geology. It is strongly recommended for all students wishing to major in Geology and Engineering Geology.


GEOL 243 Depositional Environments and Stratigraphy


This course focuses on modern sedimentary environments at the surface of the Earth as a key to interpreting the past in geological history, and the techniques and approaches that allow geologists to deal with geological time. The course opens with lectures and laboratory classes that introduce the principles of fluid flow, sediment transport, and sedimentary depositional environments and how these processes affect the texture and composition of sedimentary rocks.



GEOL 244 Structural Geology and Global Geophysics


When rocks in the Earth’s crust are subjected to stresses generated by dynamic tectonic processes, they are deformed into a variety of structures. The material properties of rocks affect the way in which they respond and this course introduces the physical principles, which explain the origin of common structures, such as folds and faults.

While the lecture course emphasizes the nature and origin of the range of deformation structures, the laboratory course concentrates on the practical geometric methods associated with deriving and representing the three dimensional form of such structures. This involves the use of various projection techniques to solve problems that are commonly encountered in geological practice. In the latter part of the course, a synthesis of the way in which characteristic associations of structures develop into distinctive styles in different tectonic settings are introduced.



GEOL 246 Earth System Dynamics


Changes in the surface of the Earth impact society’s existence on that surface. Thus, Earth surface behaviour is a primary interface between geology and society. Knowledge of that behaviour therefore informs societal behaviour and development. This course will provide students with the opportunity to acquire the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to be able to investigate and report on the sustainability of proposed site-specific land-uses in the context of future dynamic Earth surface system behaviours. Specific topics studied will include the use of remote sensing data and simulation models to analyse and understand surface topography and changes; catchment water and sediment mass balances; field and laboratory experiences; Earth surface processes; application to hazard assessment for proposed societal assets; and report writing. Student learning will be largely self-motivated and experiential, with extensive use of exercises, case and field studies and reporting. Maori oral traditions and world view of landscape processes, and their modern legal frameworks, will be presented and discussed alongside relevant course topics and area-specific case studies.

Lect: One 1-hour lecture every 2 weeksTutor: One 3-hour tutorial per week, excluding

weeks that have laboratory meetings: schedule to be advised

Lab: One 3-hour lab per week, excluding weeks that have tutorial meetings: schedule to be advised

Field: One 1-day field tripP: (I) GEOL111, and (2) 15 pts from GEOL113 or


GEOL 331 Principles of Basin Analysis


The aim of this course is to introduce basin analysis and the techniques used to reconstruct depositional, post-depositional, and burial history. The lecture programme will include: basin formation and tectonic setting, subsidence mechanisms, sedimentary responses to tectonic activity and modern examples of basin types drawn from Australasia. An introduction to various

techniques used in basin analysis will include provenance analysis and seismic reflection and sequence stratigraphy.

Lect: 2 x 50 minutes per week Lab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per weekP: GEOL 243, plus an additional 15 points from

GEOL242-246 RP: GEOL242 or GEOL244C: Students taking GEOL 331 are also

recommended to take GEOL 351, 352, and GEOL 334

GEOL 336 Magmatic Systems and Volcanology


This course is designed to examine the nature, origin, and interpretation of igneous rocks and mineral assemblages as well as the magmatic processes that have produced these materials. Additionally, it aims to develop an understanding of the petrological evolution of the crustal lithosphere within a modern plate dynamic framework. Students taking this course will receive a broad grounding in the experimental, petrographical and geochemical aspects of igneous petrogenesis and magmatic processes. In the second term, emphasis will be given to the petrological aspects of volcanology which will benefit those students wishing to do volcanological research. This course consists of two lectures and one laboratory class per week for the second semester.

Lect: 2 x 50 minutes per week Lab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per weekP: GEOL232 or GEOL242 and an additional 15

points from GEOL243-246

GEOL 337 Geothermal and Ore Exploration


Mineral Exploration encompasses many of those areas of geology within which many university graduates find employment, and specialist postgraduate courses are recommended for those wishing to pursue professional careers in these disciplines. Geochemical and geophysical exploration techniques are widely used in the location of ore bodies by identifying chemical and/or physical anomalies that justify follow-up by drilling and other sampling or testing methods. Modern exploration is typically concept-oriented, given that the majority of outcropping ore deposits have already been located. An understanding of ore genesis models is critical to the identification of geological environments in


which particular ores or non-metallic deposits might be found. GEOL242 provides useful and important background material.

Lect: 2 x 50 minutes per weekLab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per weekP: GEOL 242 and an additional 15 points from

GEOL 243-246

GEOL 338 Engineering and Environmental Geology


Engineering Geology as a discipline is concerned with site and foundation conditions, geological and geotechnical hazards affecting a particular development, and availability of construction materials. All civil and mining projects impact on the natural environment, and concern for sustainable development requires careful consideration and the mitigation of negative effects of projects. Conventional civil site investigation practice involves evaluation using invasive techniques (drilling; trenching; etc), and can benefit from the use of non-invasive geophysical methods to provide additional site data. Mining operations and their environmental impacts require careful consideration of the landscape and of the geochemical effects associated with ore recovery, processing and waste management.

Lect: 2 x 50 minutes per week Lab: 1 lab (2.5 hour) per weekP: GEOL242 and GEOL246

GEOL 351 Advanced Field Techniques


The course is designed to integrate different types of geologic data to interpret a geologic history of a region through examination of sedimentary, metamorphic and volcanic rocks. Students will choose between one of two concurrently running field trips outlined below (West Coast or Oamaru). Both field trips have the same teaching goals and both support study in other 300 level courses. Field teaching takes place off-campus and a reasonable degree of physical fitness is desirable.

Field trip optionsWest Coast This trip to Westport focuses on the Cretaceous history of Gondwana breakup the development of the New Zealand land mass by examining metamorphic core complex deformation and associated basin deposits

leading up into the Tertiary sequence and coal basins. (Likely dates TBA)

Oamaru This field trip focuses on Cretaceous to early Miocene geological history and facies patterns in response to tectonics through interpretation of basaltic volcanics, and siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary environments. (Likely dates TBA)

P: (1) GEOL240 and GEOL241, and (2) GEOL243 (3) 30 points from other GEOL200-level courses

C: 15 points from GEOL331-357 offered in the same semester

GEOL 352 Advanced Field Techniques


(This field course will run Feb 11-17th PRIOR to the start of Semester 1)

Students will undertake field mapping exercises based at either Kaikoura Peninsula or Castle Hill. Both trips will involve (a) bedrock geological mapping and cross-section production, (b) one day of tectonic geomorphic mapping, and (c) one day of climatic geomorphic mapping of either marine terraces (Kaikoura) or glacial features (Castle Hill). The course will involve pre-trip reading followed by a 7 day field trip to Castle Hill or Kaikoura (Feb 11-17th) preceding Semester 1. This course is designed to complement GEOL351. Field mapping takes place off-campus and a reasonable degree of physical fitness is desirable.

P: (1) GEOL240 and GEOL241, and (2) GEOL244 (3) 30 points from other GEOL-200-level courses

C: 15 points from GEOL331-357 offered in the same semester

GEOL 354 Geodynamics and Geohazards


This course focuses on the processes and impacts of geological hazards and how they impact on society. Some attention is given to techniques and strategies for hazard mitigation. Lectures on the tectonic evolution of New Zealand provide a framework for understanding contemporary earthquake, volcanic and landslide hazards. Topics such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, liquefaction, rockfall, flooding, tsunamis, glacial hazards, will all be addressed. Case studies revealing how natural and human environments were impacted by these hazards, and how these hazards were successfully (or unsuccessfully) mitigated will be presented. Students taking this course will

gain an understanding of the fundamentals of geological processes and impacts that will greatly benefit those wishing to do further tectonics and/or geohazards research.

P: 45 points from GEOL240-246

GEOL 357 New Zealand Geology and Climate History


This course examines New Zealand geology and climate history in the regional and global context of tectonic, climate, oceanographic, and glacial events. The lectures aim to provide a broad basis of related scientific framework on a general scale as well as place New Zealand into the global context. The lectures are supported by seminars, and by an individual assessment on a related topic that provides students with an exercise to improve their scientific writing skills.

The first part of the course will focus on the basement geology of New Zealand from a tectonic perspective. It will include a detailed analysis of the terrane concept which will be used to understand the geological development of New Zealand for the last 500 million years. New Zealand Cenozoic geology will be discussed in the context of global climate and oceanographic events in the second part of the course and its transition into the modern New Zealand oceanographic setting. The precipitation of the authigenic minerals glauconite and phosphorite in association with ocean currents will be discussed as well as their relevance as a geological resource material. The final part of the course will focus on Quaternary glaciations, climate events, and related environmental changes. It will highlight the importance of Quaternary Sciences and related topics for our understanding of past, present and future climate change.

P: GEOL244 and GEOL243


Science Headstart

Students intending to major in Engineering, Science or Forestry need a solid background in key science and mathematics subjects. Headstart courses are catch-up courses designed for newcomers to tertiary study who:

• want, or are required, to take a course in a subject in which they don’t feel confident

• have been away from study for some time

Headstart will also assist secondary students who wish to study a subject at NCEA level 3 but do not have a good background at NCEA level 2. Headstart courses cover essential pre-university material. If you have a strong background in a subject at NCEA level 3 or equivalent, you don’t need Science Headstart. On the other hand, if you have no background in your chosen subject, you may find Headstart very challenging. You may need to do some preliminary study before attending the course. All Headstart courses are taught by well-qualified and supportive tutors. Practical work in the University’s well-appointed laboratories features in the relevant courses. The depth and pace at which each course is taught depends on the abilities and backgrounds of the students. These are intensive courses, and extra work will be required outside class hours.

Please note: Headstart courses do not constitute an entry qualification and do not contribute credit points towards a degree. If you have more time, the Certificate in University Preparation (CUP) offers a more thorough grounding in these subjects.

Cape Foulwind, West Coast


Fun Classrooms

In the Department of Geological Sciences we have worked hard to produce a learning environment that is cutting edge and enjoyable. Students enjoy lecture that use technologies that promote interaction with peers and instructors and engagement with the material. Our research teams have developed computer gaming technologies to promote learning and develop geological skills. We take our student outside to do explosive experiments and explore the geological environment. In upper level classes real scenarios are used to put students in the roles of professional geologists developing careers skills such as communication and team work.


Field Stations

Field Sciences are a distinctive feature of the subjects offered at the University of Canterbury and supported through a range of field facilities. The Field Station Facilities comprises the “field laboratories” at Cass, Hari Hari, Kaikoura and Westport. They support the true field studies carried out in the locations and environments around the field stations. The University of Canterbury has the most extensive network of field stations of any New Zealand university, ensuring that field-work opportunities for UC staff and students are maximized.

Westport Field Station The Westport Field Station comprises two units, the Maxwell Gage Field Centre and the Brian Mason Research Unit. Opened in 1995, the Field Station provides facilities for studies on the West Coast of the South Island. The Maxwell Gage Field Centre provides accommodation for 36 people. Adjacent to this is the self-contained Brian Mason Research Facility which houses an additional 6 people.

Cass Field Station, The Cass Field Station is sometimes referred to, is situated at Cass, 105km west of Christchurch in the mountains of the Waimakariri Basin. Field trips are housed in a modern 42-bed building with

The Edward Percival Field Station, Kaikoura The Edward Percival Field Station at Kaikoura includes a large general research laboratory, library, computer facilities, a smaller workroom and tank rooms as well as a large covered general working area.

Kaikoura Peninsula is known for superb outcrop exposures of Tertiary sedimentary sequences, and the field station location also provides easy access to the Hope Fault.

associated laboratory facilities. An 8-bed flat with a laboratory is available for small parties engaged in research. We are fortunate that such interesting geology and geomorphology have been so easily available at Cass.

Hari Hari Field Station, WestcoastThe Hari Hari (Charles Fowler) Field Station is well located in central Westland to provide geology field courses with the opportunity to study the Alpine Fault and Quaternary glacial deposits and landforms.

Glens of Tekoa, North Canterbury


Low Cost

Study in the field (outdoors) is a vital component of any first degree in Geology and all students are required to participate in field work as outlined in the various course contents. In addition, some voluntary field trips are offered. Field trip costs are not covered by University of Canterbury Tuition Fees but are subsidised by the University. The anticipated costs to students participating in field trips include:

a $17/day food charge for residential trips;

For field trips to the West Coast the Department of Geological Sciences uses the University field centre in Westport, which provides accommodation and a study centre. During trips to other localities inexpensive accommodation is obtained in shearers quarters, forest huts etc.

For the field trips in GEOL 240, 241, 351 and 352, students must have weatherproof clothing, sturdy field boots and a sleeping bag. In addition, all students attending geology field trips at 200 level and above should equip themselves with the following essential items of field gear. Through bulk purchasing, the department is able to offer these items at the lowest price possible to students.

Departmental prices (inclusive of GST) are:

• Grain size comparator $2.00

• Geological hammer $70.00

• Hand lens $22.00

• Safety glasses $12.00

• Waterproof Field Notebook $15.00

• Shelley Optical Mineralogy Book $25.00

Westport fieldtrip


Careers in Geology

Education• School Teacher – general science, science

advisors

• University – lecturer, technician, research assistant

Crown Research Institutes• Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences

(GNS) - structural geology, paleontology and stratigraphy, sedimentary and petroleum geology, physical volcanology, igneous and metamorphic petrology, mineralogy, geomorphology, sediment transport geophysics, geochemistry, isotope science, mathematical modelling

• Industrial Research Ltd (IRL) – energy technologies, hydrothermal resources, coal research, geochemistry, petrology, electron microscopy

• National Institute of Water & Atmosphere Ltd (NIWA) – natural hazards research, geophysics, seismology, hydrodynamics, sediment-transport, water quality

• Landcare Research NZ Ltd – geochemistry, conservation, soil science, pollution

• Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd (ESR) – forensic scientists and technicians

A career in Geology offers a very wide spectrum of work environments and variety of employment matched by few other professional disciplines. Geologists are well paid and have rewarding life-styles with ample job satisfaction and opportunities to travel.Careers include work in mineral and petroleum exploration, advanced research at Crown Research Institutes and universities, resource management and environmental management and protection. Still others choose to use their training in other ways by moving into teaching, banking, real estate, law, the stock market, IT and the tourist industries.

Potential EmployersEngineering Geology & Civil Engineering

• AECOM - civil and environmental engineering consulting services; engineering geology, geotechnical engineering, water resources, hazards assessment, environmental compliance

• BECA - engineering geology, geotechnical engineering, groundwater resources, materials testing, natural hazards

• Fulton Hogan - construction, industrial and residential development, civil infrastructure, quarrying, transport and lifeline engineering

• Golder Associates - consulting services in civil engineering, construction, environmental management, natural resource evaluation, water resources

• Pells Sullivan Meynink - specialised design and investigation services for engineering in rock, soil and water

• Tonkin & Taylor - engineering and environmental consulting, natural hazards, geotechnical and engineering geology

Mining• BHP Billiton - diversified mining, minerals

and hydrocarbon resources

• Rio Tinto - diversified mining and minerals exploration and extraction

• Glencore Xstrata - diversified mining and minerals exploration and extraction

• Anglo American - diversified mining and minerals exploration and extraction

• Barrick Gold - precious metals exploration and production

Research Associations• CRL Energy Ltd – Coal petrology and

geochemistry, hydrogeology, acid mine drainage remediation, environmental monitoring, 3D geological modelling of mineral resources

Ministries• Ministry for the Environment – resource

management, natural hazards management, water quality, hazardous waste and contaminated sites

• New Zealand Petroleum & Minerals – coal geologist, coal analyst and adviser

• Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency Management – communities resilient to hazards

• Ministry of Research, Science and Technology – science policy adviser

• Department of Conservation - genetics marine ecology, wildlife biology, ornithology, entomology, resource management, freshwater biology, plant ecology, conservation

• Museums - science communication and curation

Sophie BainbridgeGolder Associates (MSc in Engineering Geology)

‘I made friends for life, many laugh out loud memories and gained a degree that has directlyset me up for a career I love.’


Career Pathways

Research Topics• Geothermal and Hydrothermal Resource Development• Acid mine drainage• Environmental cleanup• Petrology and Mineralogy• Coal Geology• Petroleum Basins

Research Topics• Rock Mechanics• Tunnel Excavation and Slope Stability• Geotechnical Investigations• Groundwater • Mining and Environment Issues• Geophysics

Career PathIndustry• Petroleum, Oil and Gas industry• Power utilities - exploration, research and

management• Mining companies - exploration, research and

management (coal and minerals)• Consultants for geotechnical companies•

Government Ministries and Agencies• A volcanologist working at a volcano observatory• A volcanologist at a University teaching and/or doing

research (with PhD)• Government Ministries and Agencies• Local & Regional Councils• Research Laboratories• GNS

Recommended CoursesA first year course in CHEM, PHYS or MATH is an advantage, but not specifically required.

Energy and ResourcesPreambleResources and energy to support civilization are derived from a variety of geological processes. Understanding the formation of mineral and petroleum deposits in volcanic, sedimentary and tectonic settings is vital to the search and evaluation of Earth’s resources. Traditional energy resources of coal and petroleum remain widely used but New Zealand sits at the forefront of alternative resources such as geothermal power. The enormous amount of heat energy associated with volcanoes and their roots can be tapped into by drilling into fossil or active geothermal systems. Economic mineral resources can be recovered from drilling and mining fossil systems. The resultant power from active systems is clean and renewable, and hence is becoming increasingly popular with Governments worldwide.

Engineering GeologyPreambleAn engineering geologist is a person who uses his or her knowledge of the geological sciences together with knowledge of engineering analysis and design to provide services in consulting, investigation, planning, design or supervision of engineering projects by ensuring that the geological elements affecting the project are properly understood, incorporated and addressed by the design engineers. The engineering geology programme is a specialisation that provides the instruction required for application of geological skills and knowledge to engineering design and construction. This is the only program of its kind in Australasia and students completing this program are highly sought by employers, both at home and abroad. The engineering geology program is only offered at the postgraduate level, which provides students with the foundation necessary either to enter the workforce as an engineering geologist or to continue in academia by conducting Doctoral level research.

Career PathConsulting• Geological Consultants• Engineering Geology Consultants• Civil Engineering Consultants• Environmental Consultants• Consultants to Specialised Engineering Fields

(tunnelling, mining, rail, oil and gas, geothermal)

Industry• Mining Companies• Heavy Civil Construction Companies• Oil and Gas Companies• Power Utilities (ie hydro, geothermal)

Government Ministries and Agencies• Government Ministries• Local and Regional Councils• Crown Research Institutes• Universities• Research Laboratories

Recommended CoursesFirst year course in MATH and STAT. Required for continuation to postgraduate degrees in Engineering Geology.

Geohazards and TectonicsCareer PathIndustry• Hazards analyst, environmental/engineering

consultancy • Risk analyst; insurance or investment company• Environmental/landscape risk management

consultancy

Government Ministries and Agencies• Hazards analyst/officer/manager, Regional/District/

City Council • Ministry of Civil Defence & Emergency Management;

emergency management adviser, policy adviser • Hazards analyst, Ministry for the Environment • Crown Research Institute/University (with PhD)• Insurance/banking/investment/reinsurance

PreambleThe world in the 21st century is becoming an increasingly dangerous place, in spite of mind-boggling developments in science and technology. Destruction due to natural hazards appears to be continuing to increase exponentially, threatening developments and lives in many countries.

New Zealand is intrinsically one of the most dynamic and dangerous countries on Earth, with floods, earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides and tsunami all threatening a rapidly growing first-world economy. This is an ideal location to investigate the science behind the geological event. The postgraduate programmes in Disaster, Risk and Resilience are designed to lead developing ways to manage and mitigate risk of natural hazards.

Research Topics• Active Tectonics and Landscape Evolution• Earthquake Processes• Structural Geology• Volcanic Hazards• Basin Development

Recommended CoursesA first year STAT course is required for entry to the DRRE

postgraduate courses.


Climate and EnvironmentCareer PathIndustry• Environmental Consultant• Environmental cleanup companies• Hydrogeology companies• Consultants for Government agencies around

Resource Management• Petroleum companies - exploration, research,

management, environmental mitigation• Coal Mining companies- exploration, research,

management, environmental mitigation• Consultants for exploration companies• Environmental consultants

Government Ministries and Agencies• Earth Scientist at a University teaching and/or doing

research (with PhD)• Earth Scientist at governmental or independent

research agency (globally and domestic) – eg GNS• Government Conservation departments and agencies • Global Change and related educational organisations

worldwide• Government Ministries and Agencies (eg DoC)• Local and Regional Councils around the environment

and the Resource Management Act (eg ECan)• Research Laboratories

Recommended CoursesA first year course in MATH or STAT is a great advantage, but not specifically required. A first year course in CHEM

and PHYS is also recommended.

PreambleEnvironmental and climate change through time is fundamental to our understanding of how our planet works and of how life evolved. The formation of ocean basins and the creation of mountainous topography by tectonic processes exerts a first order control on global climate as it controls the pattern of ocean currents and atmospheric flow patterns. There are many different archives of past climate and environmental changes that can be explored in order to interpret the present and predict future development. For example, Quaternary glaciations/cold periods and related geomorphological processes have formed and modified most of today’s land surface. Our research includes geochronological, geomorphological and sedimentological investigations of the nature of past ice advances. Stable isotopes can be used as palaeoclimate and paleobiological proxies to reconstruct the earth system response to perturbations in the system, whether human or natural or extraterrestrial.

Reconstructing past environments and past geography is also important to utilizing our petroleum and coal reserves. The landscape in which the plants and kerogens developed must first be understood before they can be adequately mined. Paleontology, sedimentology, and biogeochemistry are key to the petroleum industry.

Research Topics• Palaeoclimate • Palaeoenvironment reconstructions and

Palaeogeography • Stable isotope geochemistry and biochemistry• Glacial, Process and Climate Geomorphology • Tectonic geomorphology• Sedimentology and Basin Analysis• Quaternary geochronology • Palaeontology

Geoeducation and Science CommunicationResearch Topics• Improving Traditional Learning with Interactive

Techniques in the Classroom• Disaster Role-play Scenarios and Simulations • Learning in the Laboratory and on Fieldtrips• Intergrating Maori Perspectives in Experimental

Learning on Fieldtrips• Science Communication with the Public and the Media• Development and testing of Geological Videogames

and Applications to Improve Learning

PreambleThe way we access and communicate science information is changing fast. The graduate attributes most desired by employers are communication and interpersonal skills. In the department of Geological Sciences, we are actively researching better ways to learn and communicate geological information. These methods range from interactive techniques in lectures and labs, role-play disaster scenarios, to the use of videogame technology. The result is a dynamic learning environment in the department where students graduate with a full set of desirable graduate attributes and a consciousness of the information age in which we live. We also offer the opportunity for students to actively research and test new methods for learning and communicating through collaborations with the University’s Academic Development Group, the Human Interface Technology Lab, the College of Education and local Secondary schools in Canterbury.

Career PathEducational research is useful for any career path following on with a degree of Geology Grounded educational research: qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods; Graduate skills (attributes) such as writing, critical thinking, communicating, teamwork, and decision-making are emphasized in this research path.

Possible careers include: • Educational Researcher• Government or industrial geologist with an emphasis

on project management• University lecturer/academic advisor • High School Science or Earth Science teacher• Science communicator with the Media (TV, Internet,

Written media)

Understanding the fundamental process of tectonic activity and how it interfaces with processes at the earth’s surface (biosphere, atmosphere, pedosphere, cryosphere, hydrosphere) is fundamental to understanding the environmental or climate change. Understanding how the various subdisciplines (eg Stratigraphy, Sedimentology, Atmospheric Sciences, Tectonics, Geomorphology, Geochronology, Geophysics etc) are interlinked on geologic timescales is a fascinating and far-reaching aspect of the Earth Sciences.


Postgraduate studyThe Department has a strong interest in postgraduate studies in Geology, Engineering Geology and Disaster, Risk and Resilience. An interdisciplinary course, Environmental Science, is also offered at postgraduate level by Geological Sciences, Geography and Biological Sciences Chemistry and Institute for Waterways.

The main aim of the postgraduate programme in Geology is to prepare students for careers in research or industry by in-depth pursuit of a selected group of topics within geological sciences. Individual courses have specific educational goals but all postgraduate programmes offer the following outcomes to students:

• development of independent thinking and intellectual self-sufficiency

• an ability to critically assess and synthesise geological literature and data

• a knowledge of contemporary issues in geological sciences, an understanding of modern concepts, and an awareness of the research interface in selected fields.

• an ability to communicate geological information effectively

• increased practical skills in the field and/or the laboratory

Able undergraduate students are encouraged to keep in mind the possibility of going on to postgraduate study. We invite you to discuss with staff, as early as possible, your continuing academic career. Details of the range of postgraduate courses offered within the Department of Geological Sciences are to be found in our Postgraduate website at: http://www.geol.canterbury.ac.nz/postgrad/index.shtml

Scholarships and prizesAt UC we believe in rewarding high achievers. Please visit the UC scholarship pages listed below to see scholarships and prizes available to all students. Most scholarships require students to apply by a particular date.

UC Undergraduate Entrance ScholarshipsThese scholarships were established in 2011 by the University of Canterbury to recognise and support top achieving students commencing an undergraduate degree programme at the University of Canterbury. Take a look at the regulations to see how you can get a UC Entrance Scholarship of between $1000 and $3000 for your first year at UC. Please visit the UC scholarship page for Undergraduate Entrance Students at http://www.canterbury.ac.nz/scholarships/

UC Undergraduate ScholarshipsIf you are planning to enrol or are currently enrolled in an undergraduate degree then there are a wide range of scholarships you can apply for. Please visit the UC scholarship page for Undergraduate students at http://www.canterbury.ac.nz/scholarships/

Postgraduate StudentsA wide range of scholarships are offered, catering for all levels of study up to doctoral level to assist you to progress your studies through continuing study and research. http://www.canterbury.ac.nz/scholarships/

Current 400-level coursesGEOL473 Structural GeologyGEOL474 Igneous Petrology and GeochemistryGEOL476 Physical VolcanologyGEOL478 Sedimentary Facies and Basin AnalysisGEOL479 Active Tectonics and GeomorphologyGEOL480 Geological Evolution of NZ and

AntarcticaGEOL481 Applied PalaeobiologyGEOL483 Environmental and Coal GeologyGEOL490 BSc Hons Research Project

ENGE410 Engineering Geology Research Methods and Practice

ENGE411 Engineering Construction PracticeENGE412 Rock Mechanics and Rock EngineeringENGE413 Soil Mechanics and Soil EngineeringENGE414 Applied HydrogeologyENGE415 Engineering GeomorphologyENGE416 Engineering Geology ProjectsDRRE410 Risk AssessmentENGE691 Research Project

DRRE401 Introduction to Hazards and DisastersDRRE403 Hazard and Disaster InvestigationDRRE408 GIS and Hazard and Disaster

ManagementDRRE410 Risk AssessmentDRRE691 Research Project

Postgraduate Programme and Scholarships

Orakei Korako geothermal fieldtrip


Paul Ashwell (Senior Tutor)

(Room 424, Ext. 4456)Completed a PhD in 2014, studying the physical volcanology of lava domes in the Taupo Volcanic Zone. Interests range from the behaviour of bubbles and cracks during the eruption of the lava domes, to how the structure of the lava dome (such as flow bands and large fractures) can be linked to the overall structure of the region.

Kari Bassett

(Room 306, Ext. 7732)Sedimentology and basin analysis, especially in relation to active margin tectonics and petroleum basins. Special interests include basin dynamics in obliquely convergent or divergent margins, petrographic and geochemical provenance analysis and the effect of volcanism on sedimentary processes and facies architecture. Geoarchaeology is a newly developed interest.

David Bell

(Room 303, Ext. 6717)Engineering Geology with particular interests in slope stability problems, natural hazard assessment, land-use planning, loess geotechnology and chemical stabilisation of soils. Hydrogeology and Quaternary Geology studies. Exploration and Mining Geology, with emphasis on environmental management issues.

Jim Cole

(Room 402, Ext. 6766) Volcanology, petrology, geochemistry and tectonics of the Taupo Volcanic Zone and south-west Pacific. Intra-plate volcanic processes in Canterbury region. Volcanic hazards.

Tim Davies

(Room 301, Ext. 7502)Natural hazards; long-runout landslide modelling and analysis; erosion processes and control; river behaviour; hydraulic modelling; natural system behaviour.

Clark Fenton

(Room 304, Ext. 7733)Engineering geology with particular interest in seismotectonics.

Darren Gravley

(Room 319, Ext. 45683)Volcanology, geothermal systems, environmental science, field geology, international student education.

Sam Hampton

(Room 302, Ext. 6770) Physical volcanology, volcanic geomorphology, geothermal systems, and volcanic hazards. Recent research has focussed on the volcanic evolution of Lyttelton Volcano, Banks Peninsula.

Travis Horton

(Room 339, Ext. 7734)Stable isotope geochemistry and biogeochemistry. Relationships among tectonic, topographic, and climatic processes and conditions. Source and transport of fluids in active orogens. Biogeochemical palaeoclimatology. Geochemical tracing and quality assessment of water resources. Biogeochemical evaluation of foodweb structure including nutrient and trace element transport paths in exotic ecosystems.

Ben Kennedy

(Room 320 Ext. 7775)Physical volcanology and igneous geochemistry, physical experimental modelling, hazard analysis.

Alex Nichols

(Room 236, Ext. 7779)Igneous petrology, geochemistry and volcanology in a variety of tectonic settings. In-situ micro-analysis of rock and mineral compositions, particularly the quantification of volatiles. Understanding mantle volatile cycles and the role volatiles play in igneous processes, from mantle melting through to eruption, especially during subglacial and submarine eruptions. Involved in the international scientific ocean drilling programme.SS

Andy Nicol

(Room 315, Ext. 7629)Structural geology and active tectonics with particular focus on the development of the New Zealand plate boundary and petroleum basins.

Kate Pedley (Senior Tutor)

(Room 424, Ext. 3892)Modelling the effects of seamount impacts and plate movement on morphology, tectonics and stability of the Poverty Bay Indentation on the Hikurangi subduction margin, offshore East Coast, North Island.

Jarg Pettinga (Room 332 Ext. 7716)Engineering and Structural Geology: special interests include slope stability, and seismotectonics; active tectonics and structure of North Canterbury, east coast North Island and southern California.

Catherine Reid

(Room 326, Ext. 7764) Palaeoecology and biogeography of Late Palaeozoic invertebrate faunas of Australia and New Zealand, particularly bryozoans; Tertiary invertebrate palaeoecology of New Zealand; biotas of temperate estuarine environments in the geological record.

Tom Wilson

(Room 322, Ext. 45511) Natural hazard and risk assessment, with special interest in volcanic eruptions. Impacts of natural hazards to critical infrastructure and primary industries. Community resilience to natural hazards. Evacuation and loss modelling using geospatial platforms (GIS).

Marlene Villeneuve

(Room 323, Ext. 45682) Laboratory and computational analysis of fracture mechanics of rocks, stress-induced failure of intact rocks, and impacts on excavatability and rippability of intact rocks. Implications of mineralogy, texture, fabric and geological deformation history to fracture behaviour and yield strength of intact rocks. Applications to underground excavation of tunnels and caverns and to slope stability of rock masses.

*All staff email addresses have the [email protected]

Teaching Staff* and Their Research Interests


Lecture and Laboratory Planner for Semester 1

Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

9 -10

10 - 11

11 - 12

12 - 1

1 - 2

2 - 3

3 - 4

4 - 5

5 - 6

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Create your Personalized BSc Degree in Geology

The Bachelor of Science degree requires a minimum total of 360 credit points, of which at least 255 points must be from science courses. The remaining 105 points can be either science or non-science courses. At least 225 points must be from courses above 100-level, 90 points at 300-level, of which at least 60 must be at 300-level in a single subject (GEOL) – this is your major. Students can take more than 225 points above 100-level and some choose to do a double major by taking two science subjects through to 300-level with 60 points in each.

3

Major 300 level Major 300 level Major 300 level Major 300 level other Science 300 level

other Science 300 level

Science 200 level Science 200 level Science 200 level

2

Major 200 level Major 200 level Major 200 level Science 200 level Science 200 level Science 200 level Any 200 level Any 200 level Any 200 level

1

GEOL 111 GEOL 113 GEOL 115 Science 100 level* Science 100 level Any 100 level Any 100 level Any 100 level Any 100 level

Each box represents 15 points, unless otherwise stated. This is the minimum, other combinations are possible. Here GEOL 113 is an option - you don’t have to take the course at this stage but it’s a great idea if you want to go on in Geology. The ‘Science 100 level’ courses above are in another subject that you may like to advance in, or to develop basic scientific knowledge. * All students are encouraged to include 15 points of statistics or mathematics, which count as a science course.

Design your Degree

100-levelRequired: GEOL111 and either GEOL113 or GEOL115 (both are recommended)Required for honours: • Geology: 60 points from 100-level Astronomy,

Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Computer Science, Geography, Mathematics, Physics or Statistics.

•

•

•

200-levelRequired: 45 points from 200-level GEOLRecommended: GEOL 240 and GEOL 241

300-levelRequired: 60 points from 300-level GeologyRecommended: GEOL 351 or GEOL 352

Required for BSc(Hons) in Geology, PGDipSc in Geology, or MSc in Geology or Engineering Geology: • a minimum of 90 points of 300-level GEOL,

including GEOL 351 and GEOL 352 (105 points are recommended).

• At least 15 points of 100-level MATH and STAT, or a demonstrably equivalent standard in Mathematics and Statistics are a prerequisite for entry to 400-level ENGE


Head of DepartmentDr Catherine [email protected] 03 3642987 ext. 7664

EnquiriesPhone: (03) 364-2700 Fax: (03) 364-2769Email: [email protected]: www.geol.canterbury.ac.nzMailing address: Department of Geological Sciences von Haast Building University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140

Programme Coordinators 2014Postgraduate Coordinators

PhD Students: Dr Ben Kennedy (Room 320)Phone: +64 3 364-2987 ext. 7775

MSc Students: Dr Clark Fenton (Room 323)Phone: +64 3 364-2987 ext. 45683

Geology 400 Level Coordinator

Dr Kari Bassett (Room 306)Phone: +64 3 364-2987 ext. 7732

Engineering Geology Programme Coordinator

Marlene Villeneuve (Room 316)Phone: +64 3 364-2717

Disaster, Risk and Resilience Programme Coordinator

Dr Thomas Wilson (Room 322) Phone: +64 3 364-2987 ext. 45511

Student Advisor, College of ScienceThe Student Advisor is available to provide accurate and timely academic advice and assistance on course options and/or degree programmes in science subjects.

Ms Tracey Robinson+64 3 364 2987 ext [email protected]

University of Canterbury Contact CentreFor more information about study options or an enrolment pack get in touch with the Contact Centre on:

Freephone: 0800 VARSITY (0800 827 748) in New ZealandOr phone: +64 3 364 2555Email: [email protected]: www.canterbury.ac.nz

For additional information about our courses, staff and their research interests contact either the Departmental Office (Enquiries below), or email the relevant staff member using the following format: [email protected]

Contact Information

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Department of Geological Sciences

Geology students are the happiest with their degrees according to the National Student Survey, which polls university students across UK colleges and universities for satisfaction in their school and their major. An impressive 95% of geologists out of 220,000 polled said they were satisfied with their major, the highest of any other sampled.

(Forbes Science – Dec 18, 2015)

1. Geology allows you to pursue your curiosity about the world around us. You can get answers to questions, such as, how do mountains form, why earthquakes happen, how do volcanoes form, what controls our climate, how to the oceans work, etc.

2. One of the best parts about being a geologist are the field trips. As a geology major at university you will visit outcrops of rock, stay in field camps with other students, hike in the outdoors, all in the name of science. If this sounds like a good way to learn, to live, and get paid for in your career, you should probably consider geology.

3. Geology can take you around the world. There is a need for geologists around the world and often a geologist’s field site is in your own city, or in another region or country. You will have the opportunity to travel and meet fellow scientists from different walks of life.

4. You get to use analytical skills to solve problems no one has an answer to. There are many unknown aspects of geology, especially as it’s a relatively new science compared to physics, chemistry, and biology. Take your analytical mind and apply it to study earthquakes or understand volcanic eruptions, or floods, or palaeoclimate or hazards.

5. A career in geology is well compensated, with a variety of different career paths and job titles. The main types of careers for geologists are in environmental and geotechnical consulting, hazard and risk assessment, research in university and government departments, oil and gas industry, or mining industry and in academia.

6. You can have access to a variety of cutting edge technology. Geologists regularly use seismic data to understand the subsurface, lab experiments to simulate volcanic eruptions and microscopes to probe rock and mineral details.

7. There are diverse employment opportunities for geologists.

8. You can get a job right out of University if you’re happy with a bachelor’s degree. There are many job opportunities with a BSc in geology. However, there are a many more opportunities for those that gain a MSc in geology fields.

9. It is a laid back field and a small community of colleagues. You’ll find that you undoubtedly know people in common with other geologists and will find many geologists sociable and friendly.

10. Geology lets you get to study ROCKS. In some ways, the field is a bit black and white. Many people either are fascinated by the rocks and systems around us or simply not. If you find yourself hiking and asking yourself “why” questions, you’ll fit right in.

(adapted from Forbes Science – Dec 18, 2015)

‘Geology students are the happiest on campus!’

Students relaxing at the Taupo spa park

Contact Information:

Department of Geological Sciences T: +64 3 364 2700 F: +64 3 364 2769 E: [email protected]

University of Canterbury Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140

www.geol.canterbury.ac.nz

Documents

Department of Geological Sciences Undergraduate Handbook ... · Undergraduate Handbook 2017 ... learn how to be a geologist and also where we all became such good friends. ... exploration