B. K. Birla College (Autonomous), Kalyan

Department of Biotechnology

T.Y.B.Sc.

Syllabus for Autonomy

Year

2018-19

T.Y.B.Sc.

Course Codes SEMESTER V Credits

BUSBT501 Cell Biology 2.5

BUSBT502 Medical Microbiology and Instrumentation 2.5

BUSBT503 Genomics and Molecular Biology 2.5

BUSBT504 Marine Biotechnology 2.5

BUSBT505 Applied component –Biosafety 02

Practical

BUSBTP501 Paper I and II 03

BUSBTP502 Paper III and IV 03

BUSBTP503 Applied Component- Biosafety 02

SEMESTER VI

BUSBT601 Biochemistry 2.5

BUSBT602 Industrial Microbiology 2.5

BUSBT603 Agri Biotechnology 2.5

BUSBT604 Environmental Biotechnology and

bioinformatics

2.5

BUSBT605 Applied component – Food Nutrition, Food

Adulteration and Food Preservation

02

Practical

BUSBTP601 Paper I and II 03

BUSBTP602 Paper III and IV 03

BUSBTP603 Applied component – Food Nutrition, Food

Adulteration and Food Preservation

02

SEMESTER V SEMESTER VI

Cell Biology Biochemistry

Unit I Cell cycle Protein Biochemistry

Unit II Cell Signaling Metabolism

Unit III Developmental Biology Endocrinology

Unit IV Cancer biology Nutrition

Medical Microbiology and

Instrumentation

Industrial Microbiology

Unit I Virology Dairy technology

Unit II Chemotherapeutic drugs Down-stream Processing (DSP)

Unit III Spectroscopy Fermentation process

Unit IV Bioanalytical techniques QA-QC and Hazardous waste management

Genomics and Molecular Biology Agri Biotechnology

Unit I Genetic engineering

Precision Agriculture and Agriculture

Systems

Unit II Transgenic Animals and plant Plant stress biology

Unit III Tools in Molecular Biology Molecular Markers in Plant Breeding

Unit IV Gene sequencing and editing Biofertilizers and Biopesticides

Marine Biotechnology Environmental Biotechnology and

bioinformatics

Unit I Marine Biotechnology

Introduction & Bioprospecting

Renewable sources of energy

Unit II Marine Drugs and Enzymes Industrial effluent and Wastewater treatment

Unit III Marine Functional foods

and Nutraceuticals

Introduction to Computers and Biological

Databases

Unit IV Marine Bioresources

and Cosmetics

BLAST and Sequence Alignment

Applied component -Biosafety Applied component – Food Nutrition, Food

Adulteration and Food Preservation

Unit I Introduction to biosafety Nutrition and Dietetics

Unit II GLP Food borne diseases and food poisoning &

Contaminants

Unit III Detection and testing of

contaminants

Food Preservation

Unit IV Biosafety in Biotechnology Adulterants & Food Safety

SEMESTER V credits

BUSBT501 Cell Biology 2.5

Unit I Cell cycle

1.1. Cell cycle Introduction: Prokaryotic and

Eukaryotic;

1.2. The Early Embryonic Cell Cycle and

the Role of MPF;

1.3. Yeasts and the Molecular Genetics of

Cell-Cycle Control;

1.4. Apoptosis,

1.5. Cell-Division Controls in Multicellular

Animals

15 lectures

Unit II Cell Signaling

2.1. Cell signalling and signal

transduction:Introduction

2.2. General Principles of Cell Signaling;

2.3. Signaling via G-Protein-linked Cell-

Surface Receptors;

2.4. Signaling via Enzyme-linked Cell-

Surface Receptors;

2.5. Target-Cell Adaptation,

2.6. The Logic of Intracellular;

2.7. Signaling: Lessons from Computer-

based "Neural Networks"

15 lectures

Unit III Developmental Biology

3.1 Overview of how the modern era of

developmental biology emerged through

multidisciplinary approaches;

3.2 Stages of development- zygote, blastula,

gastrula, neurula cell fate & commitment –

potency- concept of embryonic stem cells,

Differential gene expression,

3.3 terminal differentiation ,

3.4 lineages of three germ layers, fate map;

3.5Mechanisms of differentiation-

cytoplasmic

3.6 determinants, embryonic induction,

3.7 concept of morphogen,

3.8 mosaic and regulative development

Pattern formation-- axis specification,

positional

3.9 identification (regional specification),

3.10 Morphogenetic movements, Model

organisms in Developmental biology

15 lectures

Unit IV Cancer biology 15 lectures

4.1. Cancer: Introduction,

4.2. Cancer as a Microevolutionary Process;

4.3. The Molecular Genetics of Cancer;

4.4. Cancer and Virus Cancer diagnosis

and

4.5. chemotherapy

Ref:

Molecular Cell Biology. 7th Edition, (2012)

Lodish H., Berk A, Kaiser C., K Reiger M.,

Bretscher A., Ploegh H., Angelika Amon A.,

Matthew P. Scott M.P., W.H. Freeman and

Co., USA

Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th Edition

(2007) Bruce Alberts, Alexander

Johnson,Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith

Roberts, Peter Walter. Garland Science, USA

Cell Biology, 6th edition, (2010) Gerald

Karp. John Wiley & Sons., USA

The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 6th edition

(2013), Geoffrey M. Cooper, Robert E.

Hausman, Sinauer Associates, Inc. USA

Developmental Biology; Scott Gilbert; 9th

Edition

BUSBT502 Medical Microbiology and Instrumentation 2.5

Unit I Virology

1.1. Introduction to viruses-Position in

biological spectrum;

1.2. Virus properties;

1.3. General structure of viruses Baltimore

1.4. Classification and Taxonomy(ICTV);

1.5. Cultivation of viruses;

1.6. Reproduction of ds DNA phages

Hepatitis /ss RNA (influenza),

1.7. animal viruses and plant (TMV)virus ;

Virus purification and assays;

1.8. Cytocidal infections and cell damage;

1.9. Viroids and Prions

15 lectures

Unit II Chemotherapeutic drugs

2.1. Discovery and Design of antimicrobial

2.2. agents ;

2.3. Classification of Antibacterial agents,

2.4. Selective toxicity,

2.5. MIC,

2.6. MLC Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

(Mode of action for): Beta lactam

15 lectures

antibiotics: Penicillin,

Cephalosporins;Glycopeptides:

Vancomycin;

2.7. Polypeptides: Bacitracin .Injury to

Plasma membrane:

2.8. Polymyxin; Inhibition of protein

synthesis Aminoglycosides,

Tetracyclines , Chloramphenicol,

MacrolidesErythromycin; Inhibition of

Nucleic acid synthesis: Quinolones,

Rifampicin, Metronidazole;

2.9. Antimetabolites: Sulphonamides,

Trimethoprim;

2.10. Drug Resistance:

2.11. Mechanism, Origin and

transmission of drug resistance;

2.12. Use and misuse of antimicrobial

2.13. agents -; Antifungal drugs,

Antiviral drugs

Unit IIII Spectroscopy

3.1. Principle, instrumentation, working

3.2. and applications of:Fluorescence

Spectroscopy ; Luminometry ,

3.3. Light scattering spectroscopy;

3.4. Infrared Spectroscopy;

3.5. Atomic absorption Spectroscopy

15 lectures

Unit IV Bioanalytical techniques

4.1. Principle, working and applications of:

4.2. Affinity chromatography;

4.3. Ion-exchange chromatography;

4.4. Molecular (size) exclusion;

4.5. HPLC - Method development and

validation; Isotopes in Biology: Nature

of radioactivity;

4.6. Detection Techniques using GM

counter, Scintillation counter,

4.7. autoradiography;

4.8. Applications of Tracer techniques in

Biology

15 lectures

Ref:

Principles and techniques in biochemistry and

molecular biology (2010), Keith Wilson and

John Walker, 7th edition, Cambridge

University Press

Biophysics (2002) Vasantha Pattabhi and N.

Gautham, Kluwer Academic Publishers

Physical Biochemistry: principles and

applications, 2nd edition (2009), David

Sheehan , John Wiley & Sons Ltd

HPLC method validation for pharmaceuticals:

a review (2013), Harshad V.

Paithankar, International Journal of Universal

Pharmacy and Bio Sciences 2(4): July-

August.

Mim’s Medical Microbiology 5th edition

Microbiology by Prescott Harley and Klein

5th edition Mc Graw Hill

Medical Microbiology Jawetz,E.,

Brooks,G.E, Melnick,J.L., Butel,J.S Adelberg

E. A 18th

edition

Medical Microbiology by Patrick Murray 5th

edition

Foundations In Microbiology by Talaro and

Talaro Third edition W.C Brown

Understanding Viruses by Teri Shors

BUSBT503 Genomics and Molecular Biology 2.5

Unit I Cloning Enzymes and vectors

1.1. Cloning Enzymes- DNA Polymerases,

Restriction Endonucleases,

1.2. Ligases,

1.3. Reverse Transcriptases,

1.4. Nucleases,

1.5. Terminal Transferases, Phosphatases

1.6. Cloning vectors-Plasmids (pUC series),

Cosmids,

1.7. phagemids M13,

1.8. Ti plamids ,

1.9. shuttle vectors,

1.10. YAC vectors,

1.11. expression vectors pET;

15 lectures

Unit II Transgenic Animals and plants

2.1. Transgenic mice- methodology-retroviral

method,

2.2. DNA microinjection,

2.3. ES method;genetic manipulation with

cre-loxP; Vectors for animal cells;

2.4. Transgenic animals recombination

system;

2.5. Cloning live stock by nuclear transfer;

2.6. Green Fluorescent Protein;

2.7. Transgenic fish

2.8. Genetic engineering of plants;

15 lectures

2.9. Methodology.

2.10. Plant transformation with the Ti

plasmid of A.tumefaciens,

2.11. Ti plasmid derived vector system;

2.12. Transgenic plants: Physical

methods of transferring genes to plants :

electroporation, microprojectile

bombardment, liposome mediated,

protoplast fusion; Vectors for plant cells;

2.13. Improvement of seed quality

protein -

Unit III Tools in Molecular Biology

3.1. Gene cloning-Isolation and purification

of DNA;

3.2. Isolation of gene of interest: Restriction

digestion,

3.3. electrophoresis,

3.4. blotting, cutting, and joining DNA,

3.5. methods of gene transfer in

prokaryotes and eukaryotes;

3.6. Recombinant selection and screening

methods: genetic,

3.7. immunochemical,

3.8. Southern and Western analysis,

3.9. nucleic acid hybridization,

3.10. HART,HRT; Expression of

cloned DNA molecules and

maximization of expression;

3.11. Cloning strategies-genomic DNA

libraries, cDNA libraries,

3.12. chromosome walking and

jumping

15 lectures

Unit IV Gene sequencing and editing

4.1. Maxam Gilbert’s method,

4.2. Sanger’s dideoxy method,

4.3. Automated DNA sequencing,

4.4. Pyrosequencing;

4.5. Human genome mapping and it’s

implications in health and disease;

RNAi, ZNF(Zinc finger nucleases),

TALENS(Transcription Activator Like

Effector Nucleases), CRISPER/Cas

system(Clustered Regularly Interspersed

Repeats)

15 lectures

Ref:

iGenetics A Molecular Approach 3rd Edition

Peter J. Russell.

Molecular Biotechnology-Principles and

Applications of Recombinant DNA

Technology 3rd Edition Glick B.R., Pasternak

J.J., Patten C.L.

Principles of Gene Manipulation 7th Edition

Primrose S.B., Twyman R.M.

Biotechnology 3rd Edition S.S. Purohit.

Genomes 3rd Edition T.A. Brown.

Biotechnology B.D. Singh.

Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis 6th Edition

T.A. Brown.

Genomics Cantor C.R., and Smith C.L. John

Wiley & Sons. (1999)

BUSBT504 Marine Biotechnology 2.5

Unit I Marine Biotechnology: Introduction &

Bioprospecting

1.1. Introduction to Marine Biotechnology;

1.2. The marine ecosystem and its

functioning: intertidal,

1.3. estuarine, salt marsh, mangrove, coral

reef, coastal &deep sea ecosystems.

1.4. Hydrothermal vents;

1.5. Bioprospecting,

1.6. Marine Microbial Habitats and Their

Biotechnologically relevant

Microorganisms;

1.7. Methods for Microbial Bioprospecting

in Marine Environments;

1.8. Biotechnological Potential of Marine

Microbes;

1.9. Bioactive compounds from other

Marine

1.10. Organisms: fungi, Microalgae,

Seaweeds,

1.11. Actinomycetes, sponges

15 lectures

Unit II Marine Drugs and Enzymes

2.1. Drugs from Marine organisms:

2.2. Pharmaceutical compounds from marine

flora and fauna - marine toxins,

antiviral and antimicrobial agents;

2.3. Approved Marine Drugs as

Pharmaceuticals;Marine Natural

products and its Challenges;

2.4. Marine Microbial EnzymesMarine

Extremozymes and Their Significance,

15 lectures

2.5. Current Use of Marine Microbial

Enzymes

Unit III Marine Functional foods and Nutraceuticals

3.1. Marine Functional Foods:

3.2. Marine Sources as Healthy Foods or

Reservoirs of Functional Ingredients;

3.3. Marine-Derived Ingredients with

Biological Properties;

3.4. Functional Foods Incorporating

Marine-Derived Ingredients;

3.5. Marine Nutraceuticals :

3.6. Marine Bioactives as Potential

Nutraceuticals,

3.7. Functional Carbohydrates,

Polyunsaturated Fatty

Acids;Carotenoids, Soluble Calcium,

Fish Collagen and Gelatin,

3.8. Marine Probiotics

15 lectures

Unit IV Marine Bioresources and Cosmetics

4.1. Marine Bioresources,

4.2. Marine Secondary Metabolites,

4.3. Marine Proteins,

4.4. Marine Lipids;

4.5. Cosmetics from Marine Sources:

Scenario of

4.6. Marine Sources in the Cosmetic

Industry,

4.7. Cosmetics: Definition and Regulations,

Cosmeceuticals , Target Organs and

Cosmetics

4.8. Delivery Systems , Components of

Cosmetics, Major Functions of Some

Marine Components in Cosmetics and

Cosmeceuticals , Treatments Based on

Marine Resources , Products Based on

Marine Resources

15 lectures

Ref:

Kim, S.K. Springer Handbook of Marine

Biotechnology; Springer: Berlin,

Germany;Heidelberg, Germany, 2015.

Nollet, Leo M. L- Marine microorganisms-

extraction and analysis of bioactive

compounds-CRC Press_Taylor& Francis

(2017)

R. S. K. Barnes, R. N. Hughes(auth.)-An

Introduction to Marine Ecology, Third

Edition-Wiley-Blackwell (1999)

Blanca Hernández-Ledesma, Miguel Herrero-

Bioactive Compounds from Marine

Foods-Plant and Animal Sources-Wiley-

Blackwell (2013)

Fabio Rindi, Anna Soler-Vila, Michael D.

Guiry (auth.), Maria Hayes (eds.)-Marine

Bioactive Compounds_ Sources,

Characterization and Applications-Springer

US (2012)

W. Evans-Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy

15 th ed.-Saunders (2010)

BUSBT505 Applied component -Biosafety 02

Unit I Introduction to biosafety

1.1. Introduction; Biological Risk

Assessment, Hazardous Characteristics

of an Agent; Genetically modified

agent hazards ;

1.2. Cell cultures;Hazardous Characteristics

of

1.3. Laboratory Procedures ;

1.4. Potential Hazards Associated with Work

Practices;

1.5. Safety Equipment and Facility

Safeguards; Pathogenic risk and

management

15 lectures

Unit II GLP

2.1. Concept of GLP;

2.2. Practicing GLP;

2.3. Guidelines to GLP;

2.4. Documentation of Laboratory work;

Preparation of SOPs;

2.5. Calibration records;

2.6. Validation of methods ;

2.7. Documentation of results;

2.8. Audits & Audit reports

15 lectures

Unit III Detection and testing of contaminants

3.1. Microbial Contamination in food and

pharma product;

3.2. Some common microbial contaminants;

Microbiological Assays for

pharmaceutical products;

3.3. Regulatory Microbiological testing in

pharmaceuticals

15 lectures

Unit IV Biosafety in Biotechnology

4.1. Concepts on biosafety in

15 lectures

Biotechnology; Regulating rDNA

technology;

4.2. Regulating food and food ingredients;

Genetically engineered crops,

4.3. livestock Bioethics;

4.4. Contemporary issues in Bioethics.

Ref:

Pharmaceutical Microbiology - Hugo, W.B,

Russell, A.D 6th edition Oxford Black

Scientific Publishers.

Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical

Laboratories - 5th Edition, L. Casey

Chosewood Deborah E. Wilson U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Institutes of Health.

PRACTICALS SEM V

Practical in Biotechnology

BUSBTP501: Paper I and II (Credits- 03)

1. Separation of components from a mixture using Affinity chromatography

2. Separation of components from a mixture using ion exchange chromatography

3. Separation of components from a mixture using Size exclusion

chromatography

4. MIC and MLC of any one antibiotic

5. Antibiotic sensitivity test using agar cup method

6. Antibiotic sensitivity test using paper disc method

7. Antibiotic sensitivity test using ditch method.

8. Cancer Biology

9. Chick embryo candling and inoculation methods Demonstration experiment

BUSBTP502: Paper III and VI (Credits- 03)

1. Transformation in E.coli.

2. Genomic DNA Extraction: Animal cells.

3. Restriction enzyme digestion

4. Ligation experiment

5. Polymerase chain reaction. Demonstration

6. Gradient plate technique

7. Bacterial gene expression

8. Study of marine bacteria and algae (Macro and micro)

9. DPPH assay for antioxidant extracted from marine algae

10. Extraction of carotenoids from marine algae/Bacteria/Fungi

11. Extraction and estimation of Gelatin and Collagen.

12. Extraction of alkaloids from marine organisms and their separation by TLC.

BUSBTP503 Applied Component- Biosafety (2 Credits)

1. Validation of micropipette, measuring cylinders, colorimeters

2. Calibration of pH meter and weighing balance

3. Vitamin B12 bioassay

4. Testing for adulterants in food

5. Making SOP for any 2 major laboratory instruments

6. Sterility of injectables

SEMESTER VI credits

BUSBT601 Biochemistry 2.5

Unit I 1.1. Protein Biochemistry

1.2. Protein structure: Protein Tertiary and

1.3. Quaternary Structures;

1.4. Protein Denaturation and Folding;

1.5. Protein Function: Reversible Binding of

a

1.6. Protein to a Ligand: Oxygen-Binding

1.7. Proteins;Complementary Interactions

between

1.8. Proteins and Ligands: Immunoglobulins;

1.9. Protein Interactions Modulated by

Chemical

1.10. Energy: Actin, Myosin, and

Molecular

1.11. Motors;

1.12. Protein purification

15

lectures

Unit II Metabolism

2.1. Carbohydrate biosynthesis and its

regulation:

2.2. Peptidoglycan in Bacteria;

2.3. Starch and sucrose in Plants;

2.4. Glycogen in Animals;

2.5. Biosynthesis and regulation of

Cholesterol, Atherosclerosis

15

lectures

Unit III Endocrinology

3.1. Mechanism of action of group I and II

3.2. hormones; Structure, storage, release,

transport,

3.3. biochemical functions and disorders

3.4. associated with hormones secreted by

3.5. Hypothalamus; Anterior Pituitary gland

- GH, stimulating hormones); Posterior

Pituitary gland – oxcytocin and

vasopressin;Thyroid gland – Thyroxine,

calcitonin; Parathyroid gland – PTH;

Adrenal medulla – epinephrine and

norepinehprine; Adrenal cortex –

Glucocortocoids; Pancreas – insulin and

glucagon ;

3.6. Female Gonads – estrogen and

progesterone ;

3.7. Male gonads – testosterone; Placenta –

15

lectures

hCG

Unit IV Nutrition

4.1. Minerals and Vitamins;

4.2. Dietary sources,

4.3. bioactive form,

4.4. functions and disorders associated with fat

soluble (A , D E K) and water soluble

vitamins;

4.5. Minerals - physiological and

biochemical functions of principal and

trace elements;

4.6. Malnutrition – Over nutrition (obesity)

and PEM (Kwashiorkor and Marasmus)

15

lectures

Ref:

Lehninger, principles of biochemistry, 4th

edition (2005), David Nelson and Michael

Cox W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.

Biochemistry , 4th edition (2010), Voet and

Voet, John Wiley and sons, USA

Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 27th

edition, RK Murray, DK Granner, PA Mayes

and VW Rodwell, McGraw Hills publication.

Biochemistry, 4nd edition (2017),

Satyanarayana and Chakrapani, Books &

Allied (P)Ltd

Nutrition Science, 6th edition (2017),

Srilakshmi, new age international publishers

BUSBT602 Industrial Microbiology 2.5

Unit I Dairy technology

1.1. Milk: Normal flora, changes in raw

1.2. milk;

1.3. Enumeration; Factors affecting

bacteriological

1.4. quality;

1.5. Dairy technology Preservation methods;

Pasteurization; Starter Cultures;

1.6. Fermented products-Production process

and spoilage of Cheese:

1.7. Swiss and Cheddar; Butter;Yogurt - 1

lectures and Buttermilk.

15

lectures

Unit II Down-stream Processing (DSP)

2.1. Introduction of DSP;

2.2. Foam separation;

2.3. Types of Precipitation;

2.4. Filtration 2 lectures,

15

lectures

2.5. Centrifugation -1 lecture;

2.6. Chromatography in DSP -2 lectures;

2.7. Cell disruption- physical and chemical

methods; Solvent recovery, Membrane

processes; Drying

2.8. Crystallization and Whole broth

processing

Unit IIII Fermentation process

3.1. Introduction to Inoculum development;

3.2. Bacterial and fungal inoculum

development with one example each,

3.3. scale up, scale down;

3.4. Production of: Streptomycin; Protease;

Mushroom; Glutamic acid; Lysine,

ethanol production; Semi-synthetic

Penicillin,

3.5. Biotransformation

15

lectures

Unit IV QA-QC

4.1. Concept of GMP;

4.2. Requirements of GMP

4.3. implementation;

4.4. Documentation of GMP ; Regulatory

certification of GMP;

4.5. Quality Control (QC): Concept of QC;

4.6. Hazardous waste management

4.7. Biodegradation of waste from tanning

industry; petroleum industry;

4.8. paper & pulp industry;

4.9. Dairy - 2 Lectures;

4.10. Distillery ;

4.11. Dye ;

4.12. Antibiotic industry ;

4.13. Removal of oil spillage & grease

deposits

15

lectures

Ref:

Applied Dairy Microbiology Elmer H Marth

and James L Steele Mercel Dekker Inc New

York, 2nd edition

Microbial Technology Peppler,H.J and

Perlman,D 2nd Academic Press Practicals

Industrial Microbiology Prescott and Dunn

CBS publishers

Dairy technology by Yadav and Grower

Fermentation technology by Stanbury and

Whittkar

Pharmaceutical Microbiology by Russel and

Hugo

BUSBT603 Agri-Biotechnology 2.5

Unit I Precision Agriculture and Agriculture systems

1.1. Introduction to Agriculture and

Agriculture systems;

1.2. Green house Technology-- Types of

green house, importance, functions and

features of green house,

1.3. Design criteria and calculation;

Construction material, covering material

and its characteristics, growing media,

green house irrigation system.

1.4. Nutrient management;

1.5. Greenhouse heating, cooling and

shedding and ventilation system,

1.6. Computer controlled environment;,

Phytotrons, fertigation and roof

system;Precision Cultivation- tools,

sensors for information acquisitio

15

lectures

Unit II Plant stress biology

2.1. Abiotic stress –Physiological and

molecular responses of plants to water

stress, salinity stress, temperature

2.2. stress – heat and cold,

2.3. Photooxidative stress, stress perception

and stress signaling pathways,

2.4. Ionic and osmotic homeostasis,

2.5. reactive oxygen species scavenging;

2.6. Biotic stress - plant interaction with

bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens, plant

responses to pathogen–biochemical and

molecular basis of host-plant resistance,

2.7. toxins of fungi and bacteria,

2.8. systemic and induced resistance –

pathogen derived resistance, signaling.

15

lectures

Unit III Molecular Markers in Plant Breeding

3.1. Genetic markers in plant breeding--

Classical markers,

3.2. DNA markers (RFLP, RAPD, AFLP,

SSR, SNP;

3.3. Application of Molecular Markers to Plant

Breeding [quantitative trait locus (QTL)

mapping];

3.4. Plant DNA Barcoding- Barcoding.

Markers (matK, rbcl, ITS, tmHpsbA),

steps, recent advances, Benefits,

15

lectures

Limitations

Unit IV Biofertilizers and Biopesticides

4.1. Biofertilizer: Nitrogen-fixing

Rhizobacteria - Symbiotic Nitrogen

Fixers; Nonsymbiotic Nitrogen Fixers

4.2. Plant Growth Promoting

Microorganisms-PhosphateSolubilizing

Microbes (PSM), Phytohormones and

Cytokinins,

4.3. Induced Systemic Resistance;

4.4. Plant Growth Promotion by Fungi—

Mycorrhizae Arbuscular Mycorrhizae

Ectomycorrhizae;

4.5. Microbial Inoculants -- Inocula, Carriers,

and Applications,

4.6. Monoculture and Co-culture Inoculant

Formulations Biocontrol, Polymicrobial

Inoculant Formulations;

4.7. Biopesticides – types, Bacillus

thuringiensis, insect viruses and

entomopathogenic fungi (characteristics,

physiology, mechanism of action and

application)

15

lectures

Ref:

M. Ajmal Ali, G. Gyulai, F. Al-Hemaid -Plant

DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetics, LAP

Lambert Academic Publishing ( 2015)

P. Parvatha Reddy (auth.)-Sustainable Crop

Protection under Protected Cultivation-

Springer Singapore (2016)

S.B. Anderson (ed.), Plant Breeding from

Laboratories to Fields, InTech,2013

Henry Leung, Subhas Chandra

Mukhopadhyay (eds.) - Intelligent

Environmental Sensing (2015, Springer

International Publishing)

Travis R. Glare, Maria E. Moran-Diez -

Microbial-Based Biopesticides_ Methods and

Protocols (2016, Humana Press)

Altieri, Miguel A.Farrell, John G-

Agroecology- The Science Of Sustainable

Agriculture, Second Edition-CRC Press

(2018)

Arie Altman, Paul Michael Hasegawa-Plant

Biotechnology and Agriculture_ Prospects for

the 21st Century-Academic Press (2011)

BUSBT604 Environmental Biotechnology and

bioinformatics

2.5

Unit I Renewable sources of energy

1.1. Energy sources renewable – solar energy,

wind

1.2. power, geothermal energy and

hydropower, biomass energy;

1.3. Biogas technology- biogas plant & types,

1.4. biodigester.

1.5. Biogas- composition, production

1.6. and factors affecting production, uses;

1.7. Biofuels – ethanol production.

1.8. Microbial hydrogen production Biodiesel,

Petrocrops

15

lectures

Unit II Industrial effluent and Wastewater treatment

2.1. Biological processes for industrial effluent

2.2. treatment, aerobic biological treatment-

activated

2.3. sludge process, CASP, advanced activated

2.4. sludge processes (any two) Biological

filters, RBC, FBR;

2.5. Anaerobic biological treatment- contact

2.6. digesters, packed bed reactors, anaerobic

baffled

2.7. digesters, UASB; Solid waste treatment;

2.8. biodegradation of xenobiotics- persistent

2.9. compounds, chemical properties

influencing

2.10. biodegradability, microorganisms in

biodegradation;

2.11. Use of immobilized enzymes or

microbial cells for treatment

2.12. Wastewater treatment-

introduction, biological

2.13. treatment, impact of pollutants on

biotreatment, use of packaged

organisms and genetically engineered

organisms in waste treatment;

2.14 Heavy metal pollution – sources,

techniques used for heavy metal removal .

biosorption by bacteria, fungi and algae, factors

affecting biosorption limitations of biosorption

15

lectures

Unit III Introduction to Computers and Biological

Databases

3.1. Computer Basics : Organization of a

Computer; I/O Units;

15

lectures

3.2. Computer Memory; Processor; Binary

Arithmetic; Logic Circuit; Architecture;

Operating System.

3.3. Internet Basics : Connecting to the

Internet, E-mail, FTP,

3.4. www, Difference between www and

Internet.

3.5. Biological Databases : Classification of

Databases - Raw and Processed

Databases; Primary (NCBI), Secondary

(PIR) and Tertiary or Composite

(KEGG) Databases; Structure and

Sequence

3.6. Databases. Specialized Databases -

Protein Pattern Databases; Protein

Structure and Classification Databases

(CATH/SCOP).

3.7. Genome Information Resources: DNA

Sequence Databases Specialized

Genomic Resources. Protein Databases

based on Composition, Motifs and

Patterns.

3.8. Protein Structure Visualization Software.

Unit IV 4.1. BLAST and Sequence Alignment

4.2. BLAST and Sequence Alignment :

4.3. BLAST and its Types; Retrieving

Sequence using BLAST.

4.4. Pairwise Alignment : Identity and

Similarity; Global and Local

Alignment;

4.5. Pairwise Database Searching. Multiple

Sequence Alignment:

4.6. Goal of Multiple Sequence Alignment;

Computational Complexity;

4.7. Manual Methods;

4.8. Simultaneous Methods;

4.9. Progressive Methods;

4.10. Databases of Multiple Alignment;

4.11. Secondary

4.12. Database Searching;

4.13. Analysis Packages; MSA and

Phylogenetic Trees.

15

lectures

Ref:

Environmental Biotechnology Allan Scragg

Oxford University press

Environmental Biotechnology (Basic concepts

and applications) Indu Shekar Thakur IK

International

Environmental Biotechnology (Industrial

pollution management) S.D. Jogdand

Himalaya Publishing House.

Bioinformatics- methods and S.C.Rastogi, N.

Mendiratta, PHL learning Pvt. Ltd.

applications Genomics, Proteomics P.Rastogi

3rd edition and Drug discovery

BUSBT605 Applied component – Food Nutrition, Food

Adulteration and Food Preservation

2

Unit I Nutrition

Nutritional role of water, carbohydrates, proteins,

fats, fibre, vitamins and minerals

Concept of calorie and energy requirements of

normal men and women of different age groups

with reference to height, Weight, physical

activity, job status etc.

Anti-nutritional factors of natural origin, effects

of processing on these factors (kesari dal-

lathyrism)

Dietetics

Concept of balanced diet and its distribution-

composition,

requirements for different age groups of healthy

subjects

Biological value and PER of protein, specific

dynamic action

(SDA), amino acid imbalance

Diet management in Diabetes mellitus, Ischemic

heart diseases,

kidney failure, Gastro intestinal disturbance and

obesity

15

lectures

Unit II Food borne diseases and food poisoning &

Contaminants

2.1. Food borne diseases and food poisoning

2.2. Bacterial; Viruses; Rickettsia;

Mycotoxins; Parasites Contaminants

2.3. Pesticide, insecticide, herbicide,

fungicide, rodenticide; Antibiotic residue;

Toxic meal residue; Hormonal residue

2.4. Brief introduction to types of microbes

responsible for the spoilage of foods

i. Bacteria ii. Protozoa iii. Yeast iv. Fungi

15

lectures

Unit III Food Preservation

3.1. Basic principles of food preservation-

15

lectures

Asepsis, removal of microorganisms and

antibiotic conditions

3.2. Preservation using high temperature,

canning, TDT, heat resistance of micro-

organisms and spores, heat resistance

TDT curves.

3.3. Low temperature freezing: Growth of

microorganisms at low temperature and

effect of sub- freezing and freezing

temperature on microorganisms.

3.4. Drying (dehydration)- Methods, factors in

control of drying treatment of food before

and after. Microbiology of dried and

intermediate moisture foods.

3.5. Chemical preservations

Unit IV Adulterants & Food Safety

3.1. Detection of common food adulterants in

(theoretical aspects) Spices; Grains;

Coffee; Oil fats ; Food colours ; Milk.

3.2. Aspects of food safety- HACCP, GMP,

role of FDA, Agmark, ISI

3.3. Concept of sanitation and hygienic

production of food

3.4. ADDITIVES:

1. Organic acids, propionate, benzoates,

sorbates, acetates

2. Ethlene and propylene oxide

3. Sugar and salt

4. Alcohol

5. Wood smoke

6. Esters

7. Legal aspects

15

lectures

Ref:

Food Microbiology, Frazier and Westhoff,

Tata McGraw Hill Publishers, New Delhi

Clinical Dietetics and Nutrition, Antia F P, 4th

edition, 1997, Oxford university press,New

Delhi

Nutrition science, B. Srilaxmi, New age

international (P) Ltd

Dietetics, B. Srilaxmi, 4th edition, New age

international (P) Ltd

Fundamentals of Biochemistry, Dr.A.C.Deb,

New central book agency (P) Ltd

PRACTICALS SEM VI

BUSBTP601: Practical based on Biotech Papers I and II (Credits- 03)

1. Estimation of Milk protein-Pynes method

2. Microbial analysis of Milk by MBRT and RRT

3. Phosphatase test in Milk

4. DMC of milk sample

5. Isolation of Normal flora from Milk and curd

6. Determination of blood glucose levels for detection of diabetes mellitus.

7. Determination of serum cholesterol (total, HDL and LDL ratio)

8. Estimation vitamin C by DCPIP method from food samples.

9. Industrial Visit and Report

BUSBTP602: Practical based on Biotech Papers III and VI (Credits- 03)

1. Isolation of Rhizobium and Azotobacter

2. Isolation of Phosphate solubilising bacteria

3. Study of effect of abiotic stress on plants (drought, - PEG, Mannitol &salinity

NaCl)

4. Visit to green house facility and submission of field visit report.

5. Familiarization with NCBI, EMBL, DDBJ, PIR, KEGG Databases.

6. Use of NCBI BLAST To ol.

7. Pairwise and Multiple Sequence Alignment and Phylogeny.

8. Classification of Proteins using CATH/SCOP.

9. Visualization PDB Molecules using Rasmol/Raswin.

BUSBTP603: Food Nutrition, Food Adulteration And Food Preservation

(Applied component) (Credits-02)

1. Sodium content in different foods by Flame photometric method

2. Potassium content in different foods by flame photometric method

3. Titrable acidity assessment in different fruit juices

4. Estimation of tannin content in tea

5. Estimation of iron content of different foods by colorimetric method

6. Calcium determination using EDTA titration

7. Preparation of Jams, Jellies, Squashes/ Syrups, Pickle, sauces

8. Launching of the product

Distribution of marks for the experiments carried out during the examination:

Sem V (50M/ paper): Major: 20M; Minor: 10M; Viva: 10M; Journal 10M.

Sem VI (50M/paper): Major (x2): 40M; Journal: 10M; Project 50M

The report could be around 25-30 pages with appropriate referencing and

formatting.

Marks distribution for the project would be as follows:

25M documentation, 15M presentation, 10 M viva and interactions;

Students would undertake a project for 1-2 months during the last semester for 50 M.

The project should include either of the following:

1. One/ more major instrumentation OR

2. One / more major technique/s required in the field of interest OR

3. Bioinformatics OR

4. Biostatistics