Department of Applied Mathematics KRISHNA University · 2021. 1. 11. · Department of Applied Mathematics KRISHNA University Machilipatnam (A.P.) M.Sc. Applied Mathematics Syllabus

1

Department of Applied Mathematics

KRISHNA University Machilipatnam (A.P.)

M.Sc. Applied Mathematics Syllabus [w.e.f. 2020-2021 Admitted Batch]

COURSE STRUCTURE

Sl.No.

Subject code

Name of the Subject

Number of

Periods per

Week

Credits

I-SEMESTER

1 20 AMT101 Real Analysis 4 4

2 20 AMT 102 Ordinary Differential Equations 4 4

3 20 AMT 103 C-Programming 4 4

4 20 AMT 104 Algebra 4 4

5 20 AMT 105 Practical( of Four Theory Papers) 8 4

6 20 AMT 106 C-Programming Lab 8 4

Total: 32 24

II-SEMESTER

7 20 AMT 201 Complex Analysis 4 4

8 20 AMT 202 Numerical Methods 4 4

9 20 AMT 203 Partial Differential Equations 4 4

10 20 AMT 204 Fluid Dynamics 4 4


12 20 AMT 206 Numerical Methods Lab 8 4

13 20 OEAMT 207 Open Elective-I 4 4

Total: 36 28

III-SEMESTER

14 20 AMT301 Topology 4 4

15 20 AMT 302 Integral Transforms 4 4

16 20 AMT 303 Linear Programming 4 4

17 20 AMT 304 Mathematical Methods 4 4


19 20 AMT 306

User Friendly Software Development / MATLAB/Python Lab

8 4

20 20 OEAMT 307 Open Elective-II 4 4

2




Total: 36 28

IV- SEMESTER

21 20 AMT401 MOOCS 4 4

22 20 AMT 402 Elective-I 4 4

23 20 AMT 403 Elective-II 4 4

24 20 AMT 404 Operations Research 4 4


26 20 AMT 406 Seminar 8 4

Total: 32 24

Elective-I Elective-II

20 AMT 402A: Numerical Solutions to PDE 20 AMT 403A: Finite Element Methods

20 AMT 402B: Lebesgue Theory 20 AMT 403B: Discrete Mathematical

Structures

20 AMT 402C: Graph Theory 20 AMT 403C: Boundary Value Problems

20 AMT 402D:Methods of Applied

Mathematics 20 AMT 403D: Higher Mechanics

20 AMT 402E: Probability & Statistics 20 AMT 403E:Functional Analysis

20AMT402F: Any subject approved by BOS 20 AMT 403E:Any subject approved by BOS

3




Instructions for evaluation

1. Each theory subject is evaluated for 100 Marks out of which 70 Marks through end

examination and internal assessment would be for 30 Marks. The minimum marks for

qualifying in theory subject shall be 40% .

2. End Examination Question Paper Pattern is as follows:

Sl. No. Questions Units of the

Syllabus Marks

1

Question1

( Ten short answer

Questions, TWO

from each unit)

Form UNIT-I to

UNIT-V 10x2=20

2 Question2

(a) Or (b) Form UNIT-I 10

3 Question3

(a) Or (b) From UNIT-II 10

4 Question4

(a) Or (b) From UNIT-III 10

5 Question5

(a) Or (b) From UNIT-IV 10

6 Question6

(a) Or (b) From UNIT-V 10

Total: 70

Procedure to evaluate midterm examinations:

Theory:

Midterm Examinations –I & II 30 marks

The pattern for the mid examination: 30 marks will be divided into 10 marks of the

objective (Short questions/MCQ & 30 minutes duration) and 20 marks descriptive

(four questions each carries 5 marks‟ with internal choice for each question & 60

minutes duration)

*Note 1: If the final marks are in fraction, it shall be rounded off to the next

number

If the student is absent for the mid-term examination, no re-exam shall be

conducted

If the student failed to attend both the midterm examinations, his/her aggregate marks

4




shall be considered zero.

Note: Final mid semester marks shall be awarded as average of two mid

examinations.

Example:

Marks obtained in first mid: 30

Marks obtained in second mid: 20

Final mid semester Marks: (30+20) = 50/2= 25

Practical/Lab:

*Continuous assessment format given below.

Note: For practical courses, there shall be a continuous evaluation during the semester

for 30 sessional marks and end examination shall be for 70 marks. Day-to-day work in

the laboratory shall be evaluated for 30 marks by the concerned laboratory teacher based

on the regularity/record/viva. Both day to day evaluation and two midterm should be

finalized by 30 marks. The end examination shall be conducted by the concerned

laboratory teacher and external examiner in the subject nominated by the university.

Internal marks will be awarded by internal examiner only.

Template

Day to day evaluation sheet / Continuous Evaluation of Practicals

Course: PG Program: M.Sc

Academic Year:

Subject with Code: Semester:

Subject Title:

*Number of experiments varies from subject to subject. Each experiment carries 10M

*Continuous assessment/

Day to day work

End

examination

Total

30 marks 70M 100M

Experiment & Marks Total

Marks

(100)

Final

Marks

(30M) Student

Roll. No Student

Name 1

(10

M)

2

(10

M)

3

(10

M)

4

(10

M)

5

(10

M)

6

(10

M)

7

(10

M)

8

(10

M)

9

(10

M)

10

(10

M)

5




Seminar:

The student will be given seminar topics at the beginning of the IV semester by faculty

In-charge and the student has to present the topics, submit the hard copy of seminar topic report at the end of the IV semester. Out of a total of 100 marks, for the Seminar Evaluation, 50 marks shall be for Seminar report/record and 50 marks for the End Semester Examination (Viva-voce). The Viva- Voce shall be conducted by a committee

consisting of HOD, faculty in charge and a senior faculty member/external examiner nominated by the university.

*****

6




REAL ANALYSIS-20AMT101

No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04

Total Marks: 100 (Internal: 30 M & External: 70 M)

Course Learning Objectives: This Course is intended to expose the ideas of Real Analysis by Learning Continuity,

Differentiation, Riemann Integral, Improper Integral of functions.

UNIT-I

Continuity & Differentiation: Limits of functions, continuous functions, Continuity and

Compactness, Continuity and Connectedness, Discontinuities, Derivative of a Real Function,

Mean value theorems, The Continuity of Derivatives, L' Hospital's rule, Derivatives of higher

Order, Taylor's theorem.

[4.1 to 4.34 of chapter4 & 5.1 to 5.19 of chapter5 of Text Book1]

UNIT-II

The Riemann - Stieltjes Integral: Definition and Existence of Integral-Properties of the

integral -Integration and Differentiation –Integration of vector-valued function - Rectifiable

Curves.[Chapter-6 of Text Book-1]

UNIT-III

Sequences and series of functions: Discussion of main problem - Uniform convergence –

Uniform convergence and continuity – Uniform Convergence and Integration – Uniform

Convergence and Differentiation – Equicontinuous Families of functions – The Stone -

Weierstrass Theorem.[7.1 to 7.26 of Text Book 1]

UNIT-IV

Improper Integrals: Introduction – Integration of unbounded Functions with Finite limits of

Integrations – Comparison Tests for Convergence at „a‟ of Infinite Range of 𝑓𝑑𝑥𝑏

𝑎

Integration – Integrand as a Product of Functions. [Chapter-11 of Text Book-2]

UNIT-V

Functions of several variables: Explicit and Implicit Functions - Continuity - Partial

Derivatives – Differentiability – Partial Derivatives of Higher Order - Functions of Functions

– Change of variables – Taylor‟s Theorem – Extreme Values - Maxima and Minima –

Functions of Several Variables.[Chapter-15 of Text Book-2]

Course Learning Outcome(s):

This Course able to helps the student how to apply the concepts of Real Analysis and

understand the Improper Integrals concept and to construct the Mathematical proofs of basic

results in Real Analysis.

7




Prescribed Text books:

1. Principles of Mathematical Analysis, Walter Rudin, Student Edition 1976,

McGraw-Hill International.

2. Mathematical Analysis by S.C. Malik and Savita Aurora, Fourth edition, New Age

International Publishers,.

Reference Book:

1. Mathematical Analysis by Tom. M. Apostol, second Edition, Addison Weslay

Publishing Company.

8




ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS-20AMT102



Course Learning Objectives:

The goal of this course is to provide the students with an understanding of the solutions of

first order and second order linear ordinary differential equations and applications of ordinary

differential equations.

UNIT-I:

Linear Equation of the first order: Linear equations of the first order, The equation y' + ay =

0, The equation y' + ay = b(x), The general equations of the first order. Linear Equations with

constant coefficients: The homogeneous equation of order n, Initial value problems for nth

order equations.

[Chapter 1 of Ref,(1) and Section 7, 8 of Chapter 2 of Text book.(1)] UNIT-II:

The non - homogeneous equation of order n, A special method for solving the non

homogeneous equation. Linear equations with variable coefficients: Initial value problems for

the homogeneous equations, Solution of the homogeneous equations, Thewronskian and

linear independence.

[Sections 10,11 of Chapter 2 and Sections 1,2,3,4 of Chapter 3 of Text book(1)]

UNIT-III:

Solutions of Differential Equations in Power series: Preliminaries – Second order Linear

Equations with Ordinary points – Legendre equations with Legendre Polynomials – Second

Order equations with regular singular points – Properties of Bessel functions.

[Topics from Chapter 3 of Text Book(2)]

UNIT-IV:

Systems of Linear Differential Equations: Preliminaries - Systems of first order equations -

Model of arms competitions between two nations - Existence and uniqueness theorem -

Fundamental Matrix - Non homogeneous linear systems - Linear systems with constant

coefficients.[Topics from Chapter 4 of Text Book(2)]

UNIT-V:

Existence and Uniqueness of solutions: Preliminaries – Successive approximations – Picard‟s

theorem

[Chapter 5.1 to 5.4 of Text Book(2)]

9





From this course students will be able to learn the study of differential focuses on the

existence and uniqueness of solutions and the theory of differential equations is widely used

in formulating many fundamental laws of physics and chemistry.

Text Book:

1. An introduction to Ordinary Differential Equations by E.A. Coddington 2. S.G. Deo, V. Lakshmi kantham and V. Raghavendra: Text Book of Ordinary

Differential Equations, second edition, Tata McGraw – Hill Publishing company

Limited, New Delhi, 1997.

Reference Books :

1. Differential Equations with applications and Historical notes by George F.Simmons.

2. Theory of Ordinary Differential Equations by Samsundaram – Narosa

Publications.

10




C - PROGRAMMING -20AMT103




This course is designed to provide complete knowledge of C-language and able to develop

the logics which will help them to create programs, applications in C.

UNIT-I

Over view of C - Constants - variables - Data types - operators and expressions.

[Chapters 2, 3&4 of the Text Book]

UNIT-II

Managing Input and output operations - Decision making – branching - decision making

and looping.

[Chapters 5, 6& 7 of the Text Book]

UNIT-III

Arrays–one dimensional, two dimensional and multi dimensional- Handling of character

strings

[Chapters 8 & 9 of the Text Book]

UNIT-IV

Functions- user defined functions-. Pointers-Pointers and arrays –Pointers and functions

[Chapters 10&11 of the Text Book]

UNIT-V

Structures and Unions-file management in C

[Chapter 12 and 13 of the Text Book]


From this course students will be learn to implement the algorithms and draw flow charts for

solving mathematical problems and understanding the concepts of computer programming

language.

Prescribed Text Book:

1. C Programming and Data Structures – E. Balaguruswamy, Second Edition, Tata

McGraw- Hill Publishing Company (We should verify 4th edition).

Reference Books:

1. Fundamental of C Programming by E.Balaguruswamy 2. Programming in C by D. Ravichandran, 1998, New Age International.

3. C and Data Structures by Ashok N. Karthane, Pearson Education.

11




ALGEBRA-20AMT104




The objective of the course is to introduce the basic structures of algebra like groups, rings,

fields, and vector spaces which are the main pillars of modern mathematics.

UNIT-I:

Groups: Semi groups and groups- Homomorphism- Subgroups and Cosets- Cyclic groups-

Permutation groups

[4.1 to 4.5 of Text Book]

UNIT-II:

Normal sub groups: Automorphism – Conjugacy and G-sets – Normal series solvable groups

– Nilpotent groups.

[5.3 and 5.4, 6.1 to 6.3 of Text Book ]

UNIT-III:

Structure theorem of groups: Direct product – Finitely generated abelian groups – Invariants

of a finite abelian group – sylow‟s theorems.

[ 8.1 to 8.4 of Text Book]

UNIT-IV:

Ideals and homomorphisms: Ideals – homomorphisms - Sum and direct sum of ideals -

Maximal and prime ideals – Nilpotent and Nil ideals – Zorn‟s lemma.

[ 10.1 to 10.6 of Text Book]

UNIT-V:

Unique factorization domains and Euclidean domains: Unique factorization domains -

Principle of ideal domains – Euclidean domains – Polynomial rings over UFD – Rings of

fractions. [11.1 to 11.4 and 12.1of Text Book]


From this course students will be able to learn the fundamental concept of algebra and their

role in mathematics and applied contexts.

Text Book:

Basic Abstract Algebra by P.B. Bhattacharya, S.K. Jain and S.R. Nagpal.

Reference Book:

Topics in Algebra by I.N.Herstein.

12




PRACTICAL – 20 AMT 105



LIST OF PROBLEMS:

1. Concepts on Continuity and Differentiation.

2. Problems on Improper Integrals.

3. Concepts on functions of several variables.

4. Concepts on uniform convergence.

5. Solve Linear Equation of First Order.

6. Solve Homogeneous and Non-homogeneous differential equations.

7. Solving differential equations in power series.

8. Finding Fundamental matrix of Non-homogeneous linear systems.

9. Write a program using Arrays.

10. Write a program using Structures & Unions.

11. Write a program using pointers.

12. Write a program using conditional loop.

13. Concepts of Normal sub groups.

14. Concepts on Permutation groups.

15. Sylow’s theorem concept.

16. Concepts of Ring Theory.

13




C- PROGRAMMING LAB-20AMT106-LAB



LIST OF C – PROGRAMMES:

1. Factorial of a number

2. Reverse of a number

3. GCD of two numbers using EUCLIDIAN algorithm

4. Fibonacci numbers up to “N”

5. Perfect numbers up to “N”

6. Prime numbers up to “N”

7. Sum of digits of a number

8. Number palindrome

9. Find the squares of first ten natural numbers using function

10. Find biggest of three numbers using function

11. Find biggest element in an array

12. Find Transpose of a Matrix

13. Sum of the matrices

14. Product of the matrices

15. To find String length using user defined function

14




COMPLEX ANALYSIS – 20 AMT 201


Total Marks: 100 (Internal: 30M & External: 70 M)


This course helps to describe basic properties of complex integration and having the ability to

compute integrals and decide the analytic function and able toexpand complex function in

power series, finding complex integrals, using residues and having the ability of using Linear

transformations .

UNIT-I

Analytic Functions: Limits- Continuity- Derivatives- Differentiation Formulas-Cauchy-

Riemann Equations-Sufficient conditions for Differentiability-Polar Coordinates- Analytic

Functions-Harmonic Functions

[Sec 18 to 26 of Chapter 2 of the Text Book]

UNIT-II

Integrals: Contours- Contour Integrals- Cauchy-Goursat Theorem- Proof of the theorem-

Simply Connected Domains- Multiply Connected Domains- Cauchy Integral Formula- An

extension of Integral Formula- Some Consequences of the extension-Liouville‟s Theorem

and the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra

[sec 37 to sec 41 and sec 46 to sec 53 of chapter 4 of the Text Book]

UNIT-III

Series: Taylor‟s series – Proof of Taylor‟s theorem- Examples- Laurent‟s series – Proof of

Laurent‟s Series- Examples.

[sec 57 to 62 of Chapter-5 of the Text Book]

UNIT-IV

Residues and Poles: Isolated singular points- Residues – Cauchy‟s residue theorem-

Residue at Infinity- the three types of isolated singular points - Residues at poles, Zeroes

of analytic function- Zeroes and Poles- Evaluation of improper integrals- Indented paths,

An Indentation around a Branch point.

[sec 68 to 76 of chapter 6 and sec 78, 79,82,83 of chapter 7 of the Text Book]

UNIT-V Argument principle- Rouche‟s theorem- Linear Transformations: The transformation w=1/z -

mappings by w=1/z - Linear fractional transformations - The transformation w=sinz,

Mapping by Z2 .

[86&87 of chapter7, sec 90 to 93, 96 &97 of chapter 8 of the Text Book]

15




Course Learning Outcomes: This Course helps the student to evaluate complex integrals

and expanding complex function in power series,advantage of residues and the application of

linear transformation.

Text Book:

1. Complex Variables and Applications by James Ward Brown, RuelV.Churchill, McGraw- Hill InternationalEditions-Eighth Edition.

Reference Books:

1. Complex analysis for Mathematics and Engineering by John H.Mathews and Russel.W, Howell, NarosaPulishinghouse.

2. Complex Variables by H.S.Kasana, Prentice Hall ofIndia.

16




NUMERICAL METHODS-20AMT202 No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04

Total Marks: 100 (Internal: 30M & External: 70M)


This Course is introduced a broad range of Numerical methods for solving Mathematical

problems that arise in Science and Engineering and helps to choose, develop and apply the

appropriate Numerical techniques for the Mathematical problems.

UNIT-I:

Transcendental and Polynomial Equations: Introduction - Bisection method - Iteration

methods based on first degree equation - Secant method - Regulafalsi method - Newton

Raphson method - Iteration method based on second degree equation - Rate of convergence

of secant method - Newton Raphson method.

[Above topics are from Chapter-2 of the Text Book]

UNIT-II:

System Of Linear Algebraic Equation And Eigen Value Problems: Direct methods -

Introduction - Gauss Elimination Method- Gauss – Jordan Method - Triangularisation

method - Iteration Methods- Jacobi iteration Method - Gauss-Seidel Iteration Method -

Eigen values and Eigen vectors.


UNIT-III:

Interpolation And Approximation: Introduction - Lagrange Interpolation - Newton Divided

Differences - Finite Difference Operators - Interpolating Polynomials using finite

differences- Gregory- Newton forward difference interpolation- Backward difference

interpolation - Stirling and Bessel interpolation - Hermite interpolation - Spline

interpolation - Approximation:Least Square approximation.


UNIT-IV:

Numerical Differentiation and Integration: Introduction – Numerical differentiation: Methods

based on finite differences.


UNIT-V:

Numerical integration: Composite integration methods-Trapezoidal rule- Simpsons rules –

numerical solution of ODEs by picard – Euler - Modified Euler – RungeKutta methods.

[Above topics are from Chapter- 6 of the Text Book]

17





From this Course Students are able to learn how to apply the Numerical method for various

Mathematical operations and tasks such as Interpolation,Differentiation,Integration,the

solution of Differential Equations analyses and evaluate the accuracy of common Numerical

methods.

Text Book:

Numerical Methods for Scientific and Engineering Computation by M. K. Jain, S. R. K.

Iyengar, R. K. Jain, New Age International (p) Limited, Publishers, 5 th Edition.

Reference Book:

An Introduction to Numerical Analysis by Kendall E. Atkinson.

18




PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS -20AMT203 No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The goal of this course is provide the students with an understanding of the solutions of First

and Second order Partial Differential Equations and applications of Partial Differential

Equations.

UNIT-I

First Order PDE’s: Introduction – Methods of solution of 𝑑𝑋

𝑃=

𝑑𝑦

𝑄=

𝑑𝑧

𝑅 orthogonal

trajectories of a system of curves on a surface- Pfaffian Differential forms and equations –

Solutions of Pfaffian Differential Equations in three variables – Cauchy‟s problem for first

order PDE. [Sections 3 to 6 of Chapter 1, Sections 1 to 3 of Chapter 2]

UNIT-II

Linear Equations of the first order – Integral Surfaces – Orthogonal Surfaces – Non-Linear

PDE of the first order – Cauchy‟s method of characteristics – compatible systems of first

order equations – Charpit‟s method – special types of first order equations – Jacobi‟s method

[Sections 4 to 13 of Chapter 2]

UNIT-III

Partial differential equations of the second order, their origin, linear partial differential

equations with constant and variable coefficients – solutions of linear Hyperbolic equations –

Method of separation of variables – Monger‟s method.[Sections 1 to 5 and sections 8, 9, 11

of Chapter 3]

UNIT-IV

Laplace Equation – elementary solutions of families of equipotential surfaces, boundary

value problems, method of separation of a variables of solving Laplace equation, problems

with axial symmetry, Kelvin‟s inversion theorem.[Section 1 to 7 of Chapter 4]

UNIT-V

The wave equation, elementary solution in one dimensional form, Riemann – Volterra

solution of one dimensional wave equation.[ Sections 1 to 3 of Chapter 5]

[Problematic approach is Preferred]


From this course Student will be able to learn the study of Partial derivatives on the Existence

and Uniqueness of Solutions and theory of Differential Equations widely used in formulating

wave equations and Laplace equations.

19





1. Elements of partial differential equations by I. N. Sneddon, McGraw-Hill, international edition,

Mathematics series.

Reference Book:

1. An Elementary Course in Partial differential equations byT. Amaranth, Second Edition, Narosa

Publishing House.

20




FLUID DYNAMICS-20AMT204




The goal of this course is provide the students with the basic knowledge of fluid dynamics

like types of forces acts, governing equations of various types of fluid flows.

UNIT-I:

Vectors and Scalars - Addition and Subtraction of Vectors - Use of coordinates - Scalars

product of Two Vectors - Vector product of Two Vectors - Triple Product - Vector Moment

about a point and Scalar Moment about an Axis - Vector and Scalar Couples - Different ion

of Vectors w.r.t Scalars - Notation of Scalars and Vector Fields - The Vector Gradient and

Direction Differentiator.[1.1 to1.12 of Chapter1 of Text Book]

UNIT-II:

Normal Flux of a Vector over a Surface - Divergence of a Vector- Line integrals - Curl of a

vector function - Some Vector Identities - Conservative Vector Fields - Conservative Field

of Force.[1.13 to 1.18 of Chapter1 of Text Book]

UNIT-III:

Real Fluids and Ideal Fluids - Velocity of a Fluid at a Point - Streamlines and Pathlines -

Steady and Unsteady Flows - The Velocity Potential - The Vorticity Vector - Local and

Particle Rates of Change - The Equation of Continuity - Acceleration of a Fluid -

Conditions at Rigid Boundary.[2.1 to 2.10 of Chapter2 of Text Book] UNIT-IV:

Euler‟s Equations of Motion - Bernoulli‟s Equation - Some Special Two-Dimensional

Flows - Some Three Dimensional Flows - Introduction - Sources - Sinks and Doublets.

[3.4 to 3.11 of Chapter3, 4.1 &4.2 of Chapter4 of Text Book] UNIT-V:

Viscous flow: Stress Components in a Real Fluid- Relation between Cartesian Components

of Stress - Translational Motion of Fluid Element - The Rate of Strain Quadric and

Principal Stresses - Stress Analysis in Fluid Motion - Relations between Stress and Rate of

Strain - The Coefficient of Viscosity and Laminar Flow - The Navier-Stokes Equations of

Motion of a Viscous Fluid - Some Solvable Problems in Viscous Flow - Steady Motion

between Parallel Planes.[8.1 to 8.10 of Chapter8 of Text Book]


From this course Student will be able to learn the study of Partial derivatives on the Existence

basic concepts of fluid dynamics and equipped with the minimum knowledge required to

analyse the various fluid flows that are having numerous industrial applications.

Text Book:

Text Book of Fluid Dynamics by F.Chorlton, CBS Publishers & Distributors (Reprint 2004)

21







LIST OF PROBLEMS:

1. Cauchy – Riemann Equations.

2. Problem on Contour Integrals.

3. Problem on Cauchy’s Integral Formula.

4. Concepts of Taylor’s & Laurents series.

5. Solving algebraic and transcendental equations using numerical methods.

6. Solving system Linear Algebraic Equations using numerical methods.

7. Concepts of Interpolations.

8. Concepts on Numerical differentiation and Integration.

9. Solving Pfaffian Differential Equation.

10. Solving Linear Equations of First Order using Charpit’s Method.

11. Concepts of Second Order Partial Equations - Laplace Equation.

12. Concepts of Second Order Partial Equations - Wave Equation.

13. Concepts of Real and Ideal fluids.

14. Problems on Equation of Continuity.

15. Concepts of Eulers equation.

16. Concepts of Viscous fluid.

22




NUMERICAL METHODS LAB-20AMT206



LIST OF PROGRAMS:

1. Bisection method

2. False position method

3. Newton Raphson method

4. Secant method

5. Gauss elimination method

6. Gauss seidal method

7. Difference table method

8. Trapezoidal method

9. Simpson 1/3 rule

10. Simpson 2/3 rule2

11. Euler‟s method

12. Thomas method

13. Lagranges method

14. Taylor‟s method

15. Runge-kutta method

16. Modified Euler‟s method

20OEAMT207 OPEN ELECTIVE-I



23




TOPOLOGY – 20AMT301 No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



In this course we shall come across important notions and various definitions, theorems and

their proofs to understand the concepts of metric spaces and topological spaces.

UNIT-I

Metric Spaces: The definition and some examples – Open sets – Closed sets – Convergence,

Completeness and Baire‟s Theorem [Section 12 of Chapter-2 ]

UNIT-II

Topological Spaces: Topological Spaces - the definition and some examples – Elementary

concepts – Open bases and Open sub bases. [ Sections 16, 17 and 18 of Chapter-3 of Text

Book]

UNIT-III

Compactness: Compact spaces – Product spaces – Tychonoff‟s theorem and locally compact

spaces – Compactness for Metric spaces – Ascoli‟s Theorem.[Sections 21-24 and 25 of

Chapter-4 of Text Book]

UNIT-IV

Separation: T1-Spaces and Hausdorff spaces – Completely regular spaces and normal

spaces–Urysohn‟s lemma and the Tietze extension theorem – The Urysohn imbedding

theorem. [Sections 26-29 of Chapter-5 of Text Book]

UNIT-V

Connectedness: connected spaces – The components of a space – Totally disconnected

spaces–Locally connected spaces. [Chapter-6 of Text Book]


From this course students are able to know how the topology on a space is determine by the

collection of open sets and basic properties of connectedness and compactness.

Text Book:

1. Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis by G. F. Simmons, Edition 2004, Tata McGraw-

Hill.

Reference Book:

1. Topology by James R. Munkres, Second Edition, Pearson Education Asia.

24




INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS-20AMT302




The objective of this course is to teach students to comprehend the Laplace transforms to

solve ordinary differential equations, Fourier and Hankle Transforms

UNIT- I:

Laplace Transforms: Existence of Laplace Transform- Functions of exponential-Shifting

Theorems-Scale Property-Laplace Transform of derivatives- Initial and final value

theorems- Laplace Transforms of integrals-multiplication by. 𝑡𝑛and division by t-Laplace Transform Of periodic and some special function.

[Chapter 1 of the text book].

UNIT- II:

Inverse Laplace Transforms : Shifting theorems and sScale Property of inverse Laplace

transforms-Use of partial fractions-Inverse Laplace transforms to derivativesand integrals-

multiplication and division by powers of p-convolution theorem-Heaviside‟s expansion

theorem- complex inversion formulae.

[Chapter 2 of the Text Book]

UNIT- III:

Fourier Integral formula - Fourier Transform - Inversion Theorem for Complex Fourier transform -

Fourier sine transform - Inversion formula for Fourier sine transform - Fourier cosine transform - Inversion formula for Fourier cosine transform - Linearity property of Fourier transform - Change of

Scale property - Shifting Property - Modulation theorem – Theorem - Multiple Fourier Transforms –

Convolution - The Convolution Theorem - Parseval‟s identity.

[6.3 to 6.19 of chapter VI of the Text Book]

UNIT- IV: Finite Fourier sine transforms - inversion formula for sine transform - Finite Fourier cosine transform

- inversion formula for cosine transform - Multiple finite Fourier transforms - Operational properties

of finite Fourier sine transforms - Operational properties of finite Fourier cosine transforms - Combined properties of finite Fourier sine and cosine transforms - convolution.

[7.1 to 7.9 of chapter VII of the Text Book]

25




UNIT- V:

Hankel Transforms - Inversion formula for the Hankel transform - Some important Results for Bessel

Functions - Linearity Property - Hankel transform of the Derivatives of a function - Hankel transform

of 𝑑2𝑓

𝑑𝑥2+

1

𝑥

𝑑𝑓

𝑑𝑥−

𝑛2

𝑥2𝑓 - Parseval‟s Theorem.

[9.1 to 9.7 of chapter IX of the Text Book]

Course Learning outcome(s):

From this course students are able to learn how to apply the concepts of transforms in

solving problems in applications of mathematics.

Text Book:

Integral Transforms by A.R.Vasihatha and R.K.Gupta, KRISHNA Prakashan Media (P) Ltd.

Reference Books: 1. Hildenbrand, Methods of Applied Mathemetics, PHI. New Jercy, 1960.

2. E.O. Brigham, The Fast Fourier Transforms, Prentice Hall, New Jersy, 1988.

3. E.I.Jury, Theory and Applications of Z Transforms Method, Johm Wiley, 1964.p

26




LINEAR PROGRAMMING-20AMT303 No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The objective of Linear programming is the linear equation which is representing some

quantity which is to be maximized or minimized subject to the given constraints.

UNIT-I:

Overview of operations research: OR models - OR Techniques- Linear Programming-

Introduction - Graphical solution - The standard form of linear programming problems-

Basic feasible solutions- Unrestricted variables - Simplex Method.

UNIT-II:

Concept of Duality: Artificial variables - Big M and Two phase methods- Degeneracy -

Alternative optima- Unbounded solutions - infeasible solutions

UNIT-III:

Duality concept- Dual problems - Relation between primal and dual Problems - -

Complementary slackness conditions-Dual simplex method.

UNIT-IV:

Transportation and Assignment Problems: Transportation model - Basic feasible solutions-

North West corner Rule- Lowest cost method- Vogel approximation method- transportation

algorithm ( MODI -method)

UNIT-V:

Assignments problem – Description and mathematical formulation of the problem-

Hungarian method.


Students are able to learn how to formulate a given real world problem as a linear

programming model and solve using simplex method and also learn transportation and

assignment problems.

Text Book: Operations Research, Theory and Applications by J.K.SHARMA

Reference Books:

1. Operations Research, An Introduction- Hardy A.Taha, Seventh Edition.

2. Introduction to Operations Research- Hillier Lieberman, Tata McGraw Hill.

27




MATHEMATICAL METHODS-20AMT304




The aim of this course is provide the students with the basic knowledge of various

mathematical methods we use like Fourier series, calculus of variation. Provide basic idea of

difference equations and the tensors.

UNIT-I:

Fourier Series: Fourier coefficients- Even and Odd functions- Cosine and Sine series- Fourier

Series on arbitrary intervals.

[5.1,5.3 and 5.4 of Text Book-1]

UNIT-II:

The Calculus of variations: Euler‟s Equation – functions of the form

𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦1 ,𝑥1

𝑥0𝑦2 ,…𝑦𝑛 ,𝑦1

′ ,𝑦2′ ,…𝑦𝑛

′ , )𝑑𝑥-functional dependence on higher order derivatives-

Variational problems in parametric form and applications.

[Text Book-1]

UNIT-III:

Difference Equations: Introduction, Definition, Formation of difference equations, Linear

difference equations, Rules for finding complementary function, Rules for finding the

Particular Integral.

[From Text Book 2]

UNIT-IV:

Tensor Analysis: N- dimensional space – Covariant and Contra variant vectors – Contraction

– Second and higher order tensors – Quotient law –Fundamental tensor.

[Chapter 1 & 2 of Text Book 3]

UNIT-V: Associate tensor – Angle between the vectors – Principal directions – Christoffel

symbols – Covariant and intrinsic derivatives – Geodesics.

[Chapter 3to 4 of Text Book 4]


From this course Student will be able to learn the Fourier series and calculus of variation

techniques that are very much essential for engineering applications. Also they get exposed to

difference equations and tensors which are used widely.

28




Text Books:

1. Differential Equations Theory, Technique and Practice by George F.Simmons and

Steven G.Krantz, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition.

2. Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.S.Grewal, Khanna Publishers.

3. Tensor Calculus by Barry Spain.

29







LIST OF PROBLEMS:

1. Concepts on Metric Space, Openset & Closedset.

2. Concepts on Topological Spaces.

3. Concepts on Compactness for Metric Spaces.

4. Concepts on Connectedness.

5. Problems from Laplace Transforms.

6. Problems from Inverse Laplace Transforms.

7. Problems Fourier Transforms.

8. Problems from Hankel Transforms.

9. Problems on Graphical method.

10. Concepts on Simplex method.

11. Concepts on Dual simplex method.

12. Concepts of Transporation and Assignment.

13. Problems on Fourier series.

14. Problems on Eulers equation.

15. Problems on Difference equation.

16. Concepts on Tensor Analysis.

30




LAB20AMT306 No. of Hours: 08 Total credits: 04


(A):MATLAB 1. Solving a first order differential equation analytically

2. Solving a second order differential equation analytically

3. Solving a first order IVP using Euler method

4. Solving a first order IVP using modified Euler method

5. Solving a first order IVP using 4th order RK method

6. Modelling of LR,RC circuits and solving through MATLAB and graphical representations

7. Modelling of free oscillations ,forced oscillations without damping

8. Modelling of free oscillations ,forced oscillations with damping

9. Fourier series expressions of given function, graphical comparison

10. Solving linear system of equations modelling

11. Finding eigen values of a matrix

12. Modelling of electrical circuits formation of linear systems and solving through MATLAB and graphical representation

(OR)

(B): Develop a User friendly Package for Numerical methods

(OR)

(C): Develop a User friendly Package for Linear Programming/ Operations Research Problems

(OR)

(D): Write Programs for Linear Programming/ Operations Research Problems

31




20 OEAMT 307 OPEN ELECTIVE-II



MOOCS – 20 AMT 401



32




Elective-I

NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS TO PDE-20AMT402(A) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04


Course Learning Objectives: The objective of the course is to make the students to understand various numerical techniques available to

solve partial differential equations.

UNIT-I:

Partial differential equations: Introduction – Difference methods – Routh Hurwitz criterion

– Domain of dependence of hyperbolic equations.[1.1 to 1.4 of Text Book]

UNIT-II:

Parabolic equations: Difference methods for parabolic differential equations – introduction

– One space dimension – Two space dimension.[2.1, 2.2, 2.3 of Text Book]

UNIT-III:

Hyperbolic equations: Difference methods for hyperbolic partial differential equations –

introduction- One dimension – Two dimension – First order equations.

[3.1 -3.4 of Text Book]

UNIT-IV:

Elliptic equations: Numerical methods for elliptic partial differential equations –

introduction- Difference methods for linear boundary value problems – General second

order linearequation.[4.1 -4.3 of Text Book]

UNIT-V:

Elliptic equations: Alternating Direction Method – Neumann Problem- derivative condition

at the boundary

Course Learning Outcome(s): Students will be equipped with the different numerical methods to solve partial differential equations

which is needed in most of the applications.

Text book:

Computational Methods for Partial Differential Equations by M.K. Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar

andR.K. Jain, Wiley Eastern Limited, New Age International Limited, New Delhi.

Reference Book:

Numerical Solution of Differential Equations by M.K. Jain, Wiley Eastern, New Delhi..

33




Elective-I

LEBESGUE THEORY- 20 AMT402(B) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The objective of the course is to acquire the basic knowledge of measure theory needed to

understand functional analysis.

UNIT-I:

Algebra of sets, Lebesgue measure ,Outer measure, Measurable set and Lebesgue measure,

anonmeasurable set measurable function, littlewood‟s Three principles(statements only).

[From Chapter- 3 of Text book]

UNIT-II:

The Riemann integral, the lesbesgue integral of a bounded function over a set of finite

measures, the integral of a non-negative function, the general lebesgue integral ,

Convergence in measure. [From Chapter- 4 of Text book]

UNIT-III:

Differentiation of monotonic functions, functions of bounded variation, differentiation of an

integral, absolute continuity.[From Chapter- 5 of Text book]

UNIT-IV:

Lp-Spaces, the Holder‟s and Minkowski inequalities, convergence and completeness.

[From Chapter- 6 of Text book]

UNIT-V:

Measure spaces, Measurable functions ,Integration, General convergence theorems ,Signed measures

[11.1 to 11.5 of Chpater11 of Text Book]

Course Learning Outcomes:

From this course students are able to learn the concepts of measure theory and differentiation

Text Book:

Real Analysis by H.L.Royden, Prentice Hall of India, Third Edition.

34




Elective-I

GRAPH THEORY-20AMT402(C) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The objective of the course is to understand and apply the fundamental concepts in graph

theory and apply the tools in solving practical problems.

UNIT-I:

Introduction: Finite and Infinite graphs- Incidence and degree- Isolated Vertex- Pendant

Vertex and Null Graph Paths and circuits: Isomorphism- Subgraphs- a puzzle with multi

colored cubes- walks- Paths and Circuits- connected graphs- Disconnected graphs-

Components- Euler graphs - Operations on graphs- More on Euler graphs- Hamiltonian paths

and circuits- Travelling – Salesman Problem

[Chapters 1 and 2 of Text Book]

UNIT-II:

Trees and Fundamental Circuits: Trees , some properties of trees , pendant Vertices in a tree,

distances and centers in a tree, rooted and binary trees, on Counting trees, spanning trees,

fundamental circuits, finding all spanning trees of a graph , spanning trees in a weighted

Graphs. Cut sets and Cut –vertices: Cut sets, Some Properties of a Cut Set, All cut sets in a

Graph, Fundamental circuits and cut sets, connectivity and separability, network flows, 1-

isomorphism, 2- isomorphism.

[Chapter 3 & 4 of Text Book]

UNIT-III:

Planar graphs: Planar graphs – Kuratowski‟s two graphs - Different representations of planar

graphs- Detection of Planarity - Geometric Dual of a graph.

[Sections 5.1 to 5.6 Chapter 5 of the Text Book]

UNIT-IV:

Matrix representation of graphs: Incidence and circuit matrices of a graph - Fundamental

Circuit Matrix - Cut set and Path Matrices - Adjacency matrices - Directed Graphs -

Incidence and adjacency matrix of adigraph.

[Chapter 7 and Sections 9.1, 9.2, 9.8 and 9.9 of Chapter 9 of Text Book]

UNIT-V:

Coloring - Covering and Partitioning - Chromatic number- Chromatic Partitioning –

Chromatic Polynomial – Matchings –Coverings -The four color problem - Applications of

graph theory in Operations Research.

[Chapters 8 and Sections 14.1 to 14.3 of chapter 14 of Text Book]

35





From this course studentsare able to define basic concepts of graphs and understand the

concept of planer graph.

Text Book:

Graph Theory with applications to Engineering and Computer Science by

NarasinghDeo, Prentice – Hall of India.

Reference Books:

1. Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists and Mathematicians by J.L.Mott, A.Kandel and T.P. Baker, Prentice-HallIndia.

2. Graph Theory with applications by Bond JA and Murthy USR, North Holland,

NewYork

36




Elective-I

METHODS OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS-20AMT402(D) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The objective of course module is to study various kinds of integral equations and how to

solve linear and non linear equations.

UNIT-I:

Linear vector spaces-Linear equations and vector space-characteristic value problems-

Orthogonalization of vector sets- Quadratic forms- A numerical example –Equivalent

matrices and transformations- Hermitian matrices-Multiple characteristic numbers of

symmetric matrices-Definite forms.

(Sections 1.10 to 1.19 of chapter 1 in text book-1)

UNIT-II:

Integral equation- Solution of non-homogeneous Volterra‟s integral equation of second kind

by the method of successive substitution-Solution of non-homogeneous Volterra‟s integral

equation of second kind by the method of successive approximation. Determination of some

resolvent kernels-Volterra Integral equations of first kind- Solutions of the Fredholm integral

equation by the method of successive substitutions-Iterated kernels-Solution of the Fredholm

integral equation by the method of successive approximation.

(Section- 1.1 of chapter 1 and Sections 2.1 to2.3 of chapter 2 of text book-2)

UNIT-III:

Fredholm First Theorem-Unique solution of the non-homogeneous Fredholm integral

equation-Order of the pole of Fredholm function-Conjugate complex eigen value of the

kernel-Hadamard lemma-Hadamard‟sTheorem-Convergence proof-Fredholm second

theorem-Fredholm Associated equation-Orthogonality of Characteristic solutions-Fredholm‟s

Third theorem.

(Sections 3.1 to 3.10 of chapter 3 of text book-2)

UNIT-IV:

Solution of Homogeneous Integral equation when D( )=0, 'D ( )=0-Continuous solutions

of the homogeneous integral equations-Fundamental functions-Degenerate (or seperable)

kernel.

(Sections 3.11 to 3.14 of chapter 3)

37




UNIT-V:

Greens Functions-Construction of Green‟s functions-Particular case: Green‟s functions.

(Section 5.6 to5.8 of chapter 5 of text book 2)


From this course students are able to learn how to solve Fredholm and Volterra Integral

equations and construction of Greens Function.

Text books:

1) Methods of Applied Mathematics by Francis B.Hildebrand, Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Englewood clifs, New Jersey.

2) Integral Equations by SanthiSwarup, Krishna prakashanmedia(p) Ltd.,Merrrut 2003.

Reference Books:

1) Linear integral equations theory and techniques by R.P.Kanwal, Academic Press.

2) Mathematical methods in physics and Engineering by John.W.Deltman, McGraw-

Hill Book company.

38




Elective-I

PROBABILITY& STATISTICS- 20AMT402(E) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The objective of this course is to introduce the basic concepts of statistics like probability

theory, distributions, correlation and regression techniques and sampling distributions.

UNIT-I:

Sample Space & Events - Axioms of probability- Some theorems on probability- Boole‟s

Inequality- probability-Multiplicationtheorem on probability- Independent events-

Multiplication theorem on probability for independent Events- Extension of Multiplication

theorem on Probability to n Events-Baye‟s theorem.

[3.2 to 3.95 of Chapter3 & 4.2 of Chapter4]

UNIT-II:

Distribution functions: Discrete random variable - Continuous random variable - Two-

Dimensional Random variables - Mathematical expectation - Moments of a distribution

function - Moment generating functions - Characteristic functions and their properties –

Chebychev inequality - Probability generating functions.

[ 5.2 to 5.5( up to 5.5.5.) of Chapter- 5, Chapter 6 except 6.7 and 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.5 and 7.9

ofChapter 7]

UNIT-III:

Distributions: Discrete Distributions Binomial - Poisson distributions and their properties -

Continuous distributions - Normal and Rectangular distributions and their properties.

[ 8.1 to 8.5 of Chapter 8 and 9.1 to 9.3 of Chapter 9]

UNIT-IV:

Correlation and Regression: Correlation - Karl pearson‟s coefficient of correlation -

Calculation of correlation coefficient for bivariant frequency distribution - Spearman‟s

rank correlation coefficient - Linear regression- Regression coefficients and their

properties - Angle between regression lines.

[ 10.1 to 10.5 and 10.7.1 of Chapter 10 and Chapter 11 (upto 11.2.3)]

UNIT-V:

Sampling distribution: Sampling and Large sample tests, Exact sampling distributions - 𝜒2 ,

t and F-distributions.

[Chapter-14, Chapter 15 up to 15.6.4 and Chapter 16 up to 16.6 except 16.4]


From this course students will be able to learn the fundamental concept of statistics and

techniques required for data analysis which is widely used in practical analysis of any data.

39




Text Book:

Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics by S.C.Gupta and V.K.Kapoor , 11th Edition,

Sultan Chand & Sons, NewDelhi.

Reference Book:

Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, 9th edition, Walpole Myers, Keying

Ye Pearson Publications.

40




Elective-II

FINITE ELMENT METHODS-20AMT403(A) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The objective of this course is to teach the students various residual methods and Boundary Value

Problems in PDE

UNIT-I:

Weighted residual methods: Least square method – Partition method – Galerkin method –

Moment Method – Collocation method – Variational methods – Ritz method. (Only One-

dimensional)[8.1 to 8.3 of the Text Book ]

UNIT-II: Finite Elements: Line segment elements – Triangular element – Rectangular elements with

examples. [ From 8.4 of the Text Book ]

UNIT-III: Finite Element Methods: Ritz finite element method – Least square finite element method – Galerkin finite element method – Boundary value problem in ordinary differential equations –

Assembly of element equations.

[From 8.5 and 8.6 of the Text Book]

UNIT-IV: Boundary value problem in PDE- Linear triangular element – Mixed boundary conditions – Boundary points – Examples.

[From 8.7 of the Text Book]

UNIT-V:

Nonlinear Differential Equations- Initial Value Problems in Ordinary Differential equations- first and

second order initial value problems. [From 8.8 and 8.9 of the Text Book]


From this course students are able to learn Galerkin method, Ritz method and able to solve PDE using Finite Element Methods.

Text Book:

Numerical Solutions of Differential Equations by M.K.Jain, New Age International

(P)Limited, New Delhi.

Reference Book:

Finite Element Methods by J.N.Reddy, McGraw-Hill International Edition.

41




Elective-II

DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES - 20 AMT 403(B) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The purpose of introducing this course is to develop logical thinking and its application to

computer science of proving statements.

UNIT-I:

Logic: Computer Representation of sets, Mathematical

Induction,Matrices,Logic,Tautology,Normal forms,Logical Inferences,Predicate

Logic,Universal Quantifiers,Rules of Inference

[Chapter 1 of Text Book 2]

UNIT-II:

Relations and ordering: Relations- properties of binary relations in a set - partially ordering

- Partially ordered sets - representation and associated terminology.

[2-3.1, 2-3.2, 2-3.8, 2-3.9 of Chapter 2 of the Text Book1]

UNIT-III:

Lattices: Lattices as partially ordered sets - some properties of Lattices - Lattices as algebraic

systems - Sub-Lattices - direct product and homomorphism some special Lattices.

[4-1.1 to 4-1.5 of Chapter 4 of the Text Book1]

UNIT-IV:

Boolean Algebra: Sub algebra - direct product and Homomorphism - Boolean forms and

free Boolean Algebras - values of Boolean expressions and Boolean function.


UNIT-V:

Representations and minimization of Boolean Function: Representation of Boolean

functions - minimization of Boolean functions - Finite State Machines - Introductory

Sequential Circuits - Equivalence of Finite - State Machines.



From this course students are able to acquire ability to learn relations, lattices, boolean

algebra and mathematical logic.


1. Discrete Mathematical structures with applications to Computer Science by J.P. Trembly and R.

Manohar, Tata McGraw-Hill Edition.

42




2. Discrete Mathematical structures by R.M.Somasundaram,Prentice-Hall India-2003.

Reference Book:

1. Discrete Mathematics for Computer Scientists and Mathematicians by J. L. Mott, A. Kandel and

T. P. Baker, Prentice-Hall India.

43




Elective-II

BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS-20AMT403(C) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04


Course Learning Objectives: This course has introduced to get the knowledge of Boundary value problems and differential

equations which are helpful in solving problems in several branches of applied mathematics.

UNIT-I:

Existence and uniqueness of solutions, Existence and uniqueness theorem, Continuous of

Solutions, Dependence of solutions on initial conditions, Dependence of solutions on

Parameters. General Theory for linear differential equations, Existence of solutions,

Solution space, The non-homogeneous equation.

(Chapter 2 and section 3.1 to 3.3 of chapter 3 of Text Book[1]).

UNIT-II:

The nth

– order linear homogeneous equation, The nth – order non homogeneous equation.

The adjoint Vector equation. The adjoint nth

– order equation, The relationship between

Scalar and vector adjoints. Linear systems with constant coefficients, Linear systems

With periodic coefficients.

(Sections 3.4 to 3.8 of chapters 3 of Text Book.[1] and section 4.7 and 4.8 of chapter 4 of

Text Book [2]).

UNIT-III:

The two point boundary value problem: The two point homogeneous boundary value

Problem, The adjoint boundary value problem, The non-homogeneous boundary value

Problem and Green‟s matrix. The nth

– order adjoint boundary value problem and Green‟s

Function, self adjoint boundary value problem.

(Chapter 6 of Text Book[1]).

UNIT-IV:

Analysis and Methods of Non-linear Differential equations: Existence theorem, Extremal

solutions, Upper and lower solutions, Monotone iterative method and Method of Quasi-

linearization, Bihari‟s Inequality, Variation of Parameters

(A non-linear version) (Chapter 6 of Text Book[2]).

UNIT- V:

Oscillations of second order equations, Fundamental results, Strum‟s

comparisiontheorem,Elementary linear oscillations, comparision theorem of Hille-Winter,

oscillations

𝑥 ′′ + 𝑎 𝑡 𝑥 = 0(Chapter 8 of textbook.[2]).

44





From this course students are able to learn and analyze solutions of two point boundary value

problems, boundary value problems for partial differential equations.

Text Books:

1.R.H.Cole., Theory of Ordinary Differential equations Appleton-Century-Crofts

( 1996).

2.S.G.Deo, V.Lakshmikantham and V.Ragavendra., Text book of Ordinary Differential

Equations, second Edition (2000)Tata McGraw-Hill publishing Co.,Ltd., New Delhi

45




Elective-II

HIGHER MECHANICS – 20 AMT 403(D)




This course helps to describe basic definitions of conservative and non-conservative systems.

Students able to learn the Lagranges equations of motion, Hamiltons Principle and various

Canonical transformations

UNIT - I

Generalized coordinates, Velocities, Forces, Holonomic and non-holonomic systems,

conservative and non-conservative systems. Lagrange‟s equations of motion of holonomic

(non-holonomic) and conservative (non-conservative) systems.

(Sections 10.2 to 10.10 of Text book(1) and for problems Text book (2))

UNIT - II

Hamilton‟s principle for holonomic(non- holonomic) and conservative(non-conservative)

systems from Lagrange‟s equations of motion, Cyclic coordinates, Conservation theorems,

Routh‟s procedure and Hamilton‟s equation of motion from variational principle and from

modified Hamilton‟s Principle, Principle of least action for holonomic and non-holonomic

systems.

(Sections 2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6, 8.1 to 8.3, 8.5 and 8.6 of Text book (3))

UNIT - III

Canonical Transformations, Jacobi‟s theorem, Types of canonical transformation equations,

Examples of C.T. Solution of Harmonic oscillator problem using canonical transformation,

Symplectic approach to a canonical transformation, Infinitesimal canonical transformation ,

canonical transformations form a group, Exact differential condition.

UNIT - IV

Bilinear invariant condition.Poisson and Lagrange brackets and invariance of them under

C.T, Relation between Lagrange and Poisson brackets.Conditions for C.T. in terms of

Lagrange and Poisson brackets.

(Sections 9.1 to 9.4 of Chapter 9 of Text book (3), relevant articles in Text book (4) for

UNIT-III & IV)

46




UNIT – V

Generalized equation of motion, Jacobi‟s identity and Poisson theorem, Infinitesimal

canonical transformation in terms of Poisson Brackets, Poincare‟s theorem, Hamilton-Jacobi

equation for Hamilton‟s Principal function.The Harmonic oscillator problem as an example

of the HamiltonJacobi method.

(Section 9.4(Pages 399, 400, 402, 403), section 9.5(Pages 405, 406, 407) of Ref.(2), sections

10.1,10.2 of Text book (3))


This course helps the students to evaluate the relation between Lagranges and Hamiltons

equations of motion And the relation between Lagrange and Poisson brackets.

Text Books:

1. “Text Book of Dynamics” by F.Chorlton, CBS Publishing and distributions, Seconed

edition. 2. “An Elementary Treatise on the Dynamics of a Particle and of rigid bodies” by

S.L.Loney, MacMillan Co., of India Ltd., Metric Edition(1975).

3. “Classical Mechanics” by H.Goldstein, Narosa Publishing House, Second Edition(1985).

4. “A Treatise on the analytical dynamics of particles and rigid bodies” by E.T.Whittaker,

Fourth edition, Cambridge University Press, 1964.

47




Elective-II

FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS – 20AMT403(E) No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



The Objective of the course is to introduce students to the ideas and some of the fundamental

theorems of functional analysis on Banach Spaces, Hilbert Spaces & fixed point Theory.

UNIT-I

Banach Spaces: Normed space – Banach space – properties of normed spaces – Finite

dimensional normed spaces and subspaces – Compactness and finite dimension – Linear

operators – Bounded and continuous linear operators – Linear functional - Linear operators

and functional on finite dimensional spaces – Normed spaces of operators – Dual space.[2.2 –

2.10 of Text Book]

UNIT-II

Hilbert Space: Inner product space – Hilbert space – Properties of inner product spaces –

Orthogonal complements and direct sums – Orthonormal sets and Sequences - Series related

to orthonormal sequences and sets.[3.1-3.5 of Text Book]

UNIT-III

Proper ties of Hilbert Space: Total orthonormal sets and sequences – Representation of

functional on Hilbert spaces – Hilbert-Adjoint operator – Self adjoint, unitary and normal

operators.[3.6 and 3.8-3.10 of Text Book]

UNIT-IV

Fundamental Theorems: Hahn Banach theorem for complex vector spaces and normed

spaces– Adjoint operator – Reflexive space – Uniform boundedness theorem – Open

mapping theorem – Closed graph theorem.[4.3, 4.5-4.7, 4.12 and 4.13 of Text Book]

UNIT-V

BanachFixed point Theory:Banach fixed point theorem- applications of Banch‟s theorem to

linear equations- applications of Banach‟s theorem to differential equations- applications of

Banch‟s theorem to integral equations.

[5.1 to 5.4 of Text Book]


From this course students will be able to learn and apply the ideas from the theory of Banach

Spaces, Hilbert Spaces & Fixed Point Theory.


1. Introductory Functional Analysis with Applications by Erwin Kreyszig, John Wiley & Sons, 1989.

48




Reference Book:

1. Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis by G. F. Simmons, McGraw-Hill Edition.

2. Introduction to Functional analysis, by E. Taylor, Wiley International Edition.

3. First Course in Functional analysis, by C. Goffman and G.Pedrick, 1991, Prentice Hall of India

Private Limited.

49




OPERATIONS RESEARCH – 20AMT404 No. of Hours: 04 Total credits: 04



This course has introduce to impact the knowledge in concepts and tools of operation

research and understand the mathematical methods used in operation research.

UNIT-I

Network Models: Definitions - Network diagrams – Time estimates - CPM and PERT

techniques - Algorithms.

UNIT-II

Non-Linear Programming Problems: General Non- linear programming problems,

Constrained NLPP, Lagrange multiplier method- Kuhn-tucker conditions.

UNIT-III

Deterministic Inventory Models: Static EOQ Models – Cost involved in inventory control -

Single items inventory control models without shortages - Model-I: EOQ Model with instant

supply - Model-2: Economic production quantity model when Supply (Replenishment) is

gradual - Single item inventory control models with shortages - Model-3: EOQ Model with

constant rate of demand and shortages allowed - Model-4: EOQ Model with gradual supply

and shortages allowed.

UNIT-IV:

Game theory: Two person Zero sum games- Principle of dominance – Matrix method for mxn

games without saddle points - Mixed strategy games.

UNIT-V

Dynamic Programming: Recursive nature of dynamic programming - Forward and

Backward recursion.

Sequencing Problem: Introduction -Terminology and Assumptions-Processing n jobs

Through Two Machines - Processing n jobs Through Three Machines.

(Problematic approach only)


This course helps the students to solve problems using mathematical models and sequencing

problems.

Text Book: Operations Research, Theory & Applications- J.K.Sharma

50




Reference Books:

[1] Operations Research, An Introduction by HamdyA.Taha , Seventh Edition.

[2] Introduction to Operations Research by Hillier Lieberman, Tata McGraw Hill

51







LIST OF PROBLEMS:

1. Problems on CPM and PERT.

2. Problems on Inventory Models.

3. Concepts of Game theory

4. Problems on Sequencing.

Concepts from MOOCS

52




SEMINAR-20AMT406



The student will be given seminar topics at the beginning of the IV semester by faculty

In-charge and the student has to present the topics, submit the hard copy of seminar topic report at the end of the IV semester. Out of a total of 100 marks, for the Seminar Evaluation, 50 marks shall be for Seminar report/record and 50 marks for the End

Semester Examination (Viva-voce). The Viva- Voce shall be conducted by a committee consisting of HOD, faculty in charge and a senior faculty member/external examiner nominated by the university.

OPEN ELECTIVE -I

MATRIX THEORY



Course learning Objectives : In this course we study a branch of mathematics called Linear algebra and

some of its applications related to matrices. Students able to apply the concepts in computer science,

engineering, biology and commerce.

Unit-I

Linear system of Equations: Introduction, Fundamentals of Matrices, Rank of Matrix. (Sections 1.0, 1.1, 1.2 of unit 1 of Text book 1)

Unit-II Linear system of Equations: Echelon Form, Normal Form of a Matrix, Finding inverse by row

operations.

(Sections 1.3,1.4 of unit 1 of Text book 1 and concepts from Text book 2).

Unit- III

Linear system of Equations: Solutionof a System of Linear Equations, Gauss-Elimination Method,

Inverse Method, Cramer’s Rule. (Sections 1.5, 1.6 of unit 1 of Text book 1 and concepts from Text book 2).

Unit-IV Eigen Values- Eigen Vectors: Introduction, Basic concepts, Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors.

(Sections 2.0, 2.1, 2.2 of unit 2 of Text book 1).

Unit-V Eigen Values- Eigen Vectors: Cayley Hamilton Theorem with proof, and its applications.

(Section 2.4 of unit 2 of Text book 1).

Course learning Outcomes: Ater completion of this course students are able to analyse and solve a

linear system of equations using the concepts of matrices.

PRESCRIBED TEXT BOOK:

1) “A text book of Engineering Mathematics-III” by N. P. Bali & Dr. K. L. Sai Prasad. First edition 2018, University science Press, New Delhi.

2) “Higher Engineering Mathematics” by Dr. B. S. Grewal, 40th Edition, 2007, Khanna publishers, New Delhi.

KRISHNA UNIVERSITY, MACHILIPATNAM - 521 003

From The Department of Applied Mathematics/Mathematics

SEMESTER-II [w. e. f 2020 – 21 Admitted batch]

Syllabus

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 70

Answer All Questions (10 X 2 = 20 M)

1. a) Define Row Matrix and Column Matrix.

b) Define Symmetric and Skew Symmetric Matrices.

c) Define transpose and Inverse of a Matrix A.

d) Define Echelon form of a Matrix.

e) Define Normal form of a matrix.

f ) Define homogeneous and non-homogeneous linear equations.

g) Define consistent and inconsistent system of equations.

h) Define Eigen value and Eigen vector .

i) Define Linear Transformation with example.

j) Define Cayley- Hamilton’s Theorem.

Answer any Five (05) Questions choosing One question from each unit.

All questions carry equal marks (5 X 10 = 50)

Unit-I

2. A) Use Gauss Jordan method to find the inverse of the given Matrix.

A = 1 3 31 4 31 3 4

(OR)

B) Find the rank of the Matrix 1 2 31 4 22 6 5

Unit-II

3. A) Find the rank of the Matrix by reducing it to Echelon form 2 3 73 −2 41 −3 −1

OR).

B) Find the rank of the Matrix by reducing it to normal form 0 1 2 −24 0 2 62 1 3 1

Unit-III 4. A) Solve the following equations by Gauss - elimination method:

3x + 4y + 5z = 18, 2x – y + 8z = 13, 5x - 2y + 7z = 20.

(OR)

B) Solve the following equations by using Cramer’s rule:

3x + y + 2z = 3; 2x - 3y - z = -3; x + 2y + z = 4.

KRISHNA UNIVERSITY, MACHILIPATNAM - 521 003

Semester-II [w. e. f 2020 – 21 Admitted batch]

[QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR SEMESTER END (EXTERNAL) EXAMINATION]

MODEL PAPER (OPEN ELECTIVE-I)

MATRIX THEORY

Unit-IV

5. A) i) Show that the matrices A and AT have the same Eigen values where AT is the transpose

of A.

ii) Show that if λ1, λ2, λ3… λn are the Eigen values of a Matrix A, then A-1

has the

Eigen values 1

𝜆1,

1

𝜆2,

1

𝜆3, ……

1

𝜆𝑛.

(OR)

B) Find the Eigen values and Eigen vectors of the matrix 1 2 30 −4 70 0 7

Documents

Department of Applied Mathematics KRISHNA University · 2021. 1. 11. · Department of Applied Mathematics KRISHNA University Machilipatnam (A.P.) M.Sc. Applied Mathematics Syllabus