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1
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
Sectoral Operational Program Human Resources Development 2007– 2013 Priority Axis 3 „INCREASING WORKERS AND ENTERPRISE ADAPTABILITY”
The Major Intervention Domain No 3.3„Development of Partnerships and Encouraging Initiatives for Social Partners and the Civil Society"
Project Title:“The Network of Competent Authorities for Professional Qualification in Romania (IMI PQ NET Romania)”
Beneficiary: THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL EDUCATION
Contract no: POSDRU/93/3.3/S/53132
L30.2_Ghid1_Szuhanek_Camelia
Guide for Certification and Recognition of the Dental Profession
Author:
Memoirs Chief Dr.Camelia SZUHANEK
Methodological ExpertANC, Healthcare Domain
2
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
Contents
Introduction 3
I. The situation of the regulation of the dental profession in Romania and Member States of the
European Union 4 4
1.1. The profession of dental practitioner in Europe 4
1.2. The European Regulatory Provision through which the dental profession is regulated 4
II. The validation/certification Procedures of the competences applied by the AC from the
countries where the profession/s is/are regulated 10
2.1. Certification for dental practice in Italy 10
2.2. Certification for dental practice in Spain 13
2.3. Certification for dental practice in Czech Republic 14
2.4. Certification for dental practice in Austria 15
2.5. Certification for dental practice in Great Britain 16
2.6. Certification for dental practice in Denmark 17
2.7. Certification for dental practice in Holland 18
2.8. Certification for dental practice in Germany 19
III. The processes of recognition of the qualifications attained in other member states of the
European Union 21
3.1. The General Provision of the process for recognition of the qualifications / professions
regulated in the European Union
29
3.2. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Italy 30
3.3. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Spain 32
3.4. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Czech Republic 35
3.5. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Austria 37
3.6. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Great Britain 37
3.7. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Denmark 38
3.8. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Holland 39
3.9. The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Germany 40
IV. Performing the Dental practitioner Profession in the European Union 41
V. Conclusions 45
Bibliography 47
3
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
4
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
THE EUROPEAN UNION ROMANIAN GOVERNMENT
MINISTRY OF LABOR, FAMILY,
SOCIAL PROTECTION AND ELDER PEOPLE AMPOSDRU
The European Social Fund
POS DRU
2007-2013
Structural Instruments
2007-2013
5
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
Introduction
The present guide is one of the results of the project called „The Network of Competent Authorities for
Professional Qualifications in Romania (IMI PQ NET Romania)” implemented by the Ministry of National
Education in partnership with the National Authority for Qualifications and the Institute for Social Policies
(IPS), co-financed by the Social European Fund through the Sectoral Operational Program Human Resources
Development 2007– 2013(POSDRU).
The General Objective of the project called „The Network of Competent Authorities for Professional
Qualifications in Romania(IMI PQ NET Romania)”consists in creating and consolidating the IMI
Network(Internal Market Information) for the professional qualifications in Romania (IMI PQ NET), with the
purpose of sustaining the CE initiative regarding the development of the System for Informing the Internal
Market, the development of a common initiative in this respect, at a national level, targeting the consolidation
of the social partners’ capability (agencies and governmental organizations, professional associations) to
promote durable development through the creation of proper instruments and communication channels and
mutual consultancy with the purpose of gaining efficient communication with the similar organizations
within the European Union and the European Economic Aria (SEA), through the IMI platform.
The purpose of this guide is to consolidate the capacity of the Board of Romanian Doctors (CMR) as a
social partner of the project and competent authority for the medical profession to get involved in the
information exchange intermediated by the IMI Platform.
Also, this guide was created in order to support the Ministry of Health (MS) and the Board of Romanian
Doctors (CMR) in the ongoing efforts to standardize the processes of certification, attestation and recognition
of the medical profession, by providing information regarding the common practices from other member states
of the European Union.
This guide also has the purpose of informing the Romanian citizens about the process of certification of
the competencies, the requirements and particularities of the process of recognition of the professional
qualification of being a doctor in the following member states of the European Union: Italy, Spain, Germany,
Austria, Czech Republic, Holland, Denmark and Great Britain.
For creating guides of recognition and certification for the regulated professions, the methodological
external experts of the National Authority for Qualifications have examined the national information sources
(of the analyzed countries and Romania) and at a Community level (comparative studies conducted at the
European Union level) and have participated to a study visit in Holland, thus having the chance to complete
their work of documentation through the experience exchange with representatives of the Competent
Authorities.
6
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
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THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
I. The Situation of the Regulation of the Dental Practitioner in Romania
and in the eight Member States of the European Union
1.1.Being a dental practitioner in Europe The structure of the labor market and services in the dental practice area falls under the general
phenomenon of labor migration in the area of healthcare, holding a crucial interest. In Romania there are
16486 dental practitioners registered, members of 42 regional branches. Differences in pay and working
conditions are causes of this phenomenon. The differences in wages and working conditions are causes of this
phenomenon. The differences between the structures of the systems have substantial repercussions on the
offering and qualification structures. Over 70 percent of the Romanian Health System employees intend to
leave the country and work abroad, but 36,8 % of them have different impediments related to their families.
These are the results of the study called “The Migration Tendency of the sanitary system personnel” ran
by the “Sanitary Solidarity” Romanian Federation in 2012.
Simultaneously, the fact that the percentage of the undecided is around 40 % of the total employees
shows a dependency of the amplitude of this phenomenon, especially of the conditions that the country offers,
because these conditions are the same. This concludes the fact that the pull factors are constantly active [1, 3,
5, 6].
1.2. The European Regulatory Provision through which the dental practitioner Profession is
regulated
The European Regulatory Provision through which the medical profession is regulated is established by
the Directive regarding the recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament
and the Council [5]. Freedom of movement and the mutual recognition of the evidence of formal qualifications
of doctors are based on the fundamental principle of automatic recognition of the evidence of formal
qualifications on the basis of coordinated minimum conditions for training. The minimum conditions for
training for the dental practice are established at a European level and are part of the category of the so-called
sectoral professions.
In most of the member states, the medical activities are applied de jure or de facto by persons who
either only have the official title of qualification as a doctor, or have this title along with another appellative,
without these persons benefitting from a monopoly over practicing those activities, with the exception of the
cases where there are contradictory legal dispositions.
8
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
Recognition on the basis of coordinated minimum conditions for training
The principle of automatic recognition. All member states of the EU recognize the medical
qualification for all nationals who fulfill the minimum training condition. The “Doctor” titles which fulfill
these criteria benefit from the same effect regarding the access to professional activities and pursuing these,
on the territory of the host member state, the same as in the home member state. Directive no 2005/36/EC of
the European Parliament and the Council relating to the recognition of the professional qualifications
comprises in annex V article 5.7.1 the titles of dental qualifications which are covered by automatic
recognition. [5, 6]
Minimum conditions for dental practitioner training. The directive no 2005/36/EC of the European
Parliament and the Council relating to the recognition of the professional qualifications describes in detail at
article 46 the minimum conditions for training for which automatic recognition of the “Dental practitioner”
qualification title is given on the territory of the EU member states. [6].
The medical profession shall be based on the training referred to Article 34 from the Directive no
2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and the Council relating to the recognition of the professional
qualifications and it is a specific and distinct profession. . In section 5.3.2 of Annex V detailing the
professional activity of the dental practitioner requires the possession of a qualification recognized. Articles 23
and 27 detail the process of assimilating, by the title holders, of such qualifications. International Labor
Organization (ILO) revised the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO -88)
In Romania the health field is regulated by Law no. 95/2006 on healthcare reform, as supplemented and
amended (under review). The Dental profession is regulated and is included in COR 2013 (Classification of
Occupations in Romania) Core group 2261 affiliate to the Major group 2 - Specialists in various fields. Note
should be taken that the COR mentions "dental practitioner ", while in Romania Dental College (CMDR) uses
the term "dentist".
Dental practitioners diagnose, treat and prevent diseases, injuries and dental anomalies of the mouth,
jaws and associated tissues by applying the principles and procedures of dental practice today. Specialized
techniques of diagnosis and surgery are employed, in order to promote and restore oral health . The Dental
profession aims to ensure public health and individual compliance with the Code of Ethics of the dental
practitioner. The specific nature of the activities performed under formal qualifications in dental practitionery ,
provided by law, individualized , distinguishes and separates the dental practitioner profession from the
medical profession.
Possible occupations of 4th level training: dental practitioner, resident dental practitioner, dental
specialist, dental medicine research assistant .
At European level, the basic medical training requires:
- a minimum of five years of study of theoretical and practical training
- attending and passing a given curricula of disciplines
9
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
- obtaining the qualification
In some cases, where the above conditions are not met, additional documents may be required to
demonstrate a work experience of minimum 3 uninterrupted years over the last 5 years. The curricula for the
minimal 5 years of training must cover at least the subjects mentioned, or equivalents of those, promoted,
along with the required volume of activity and credits:
10
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
A. Basic disciplines
— Chemistry — Physics — Biology
B. Medical-biological disciplines and general medical disciplines
— Anatomy — Embryology — Histology, including cytology
— Physiology — Biochemistry (or physiological chemistry) — Anatomy pathologic
— General pathology — Pharmacology — Microbiology
— Hygiene — Preventive medicine and epidemiology — Radiologie
— Physiotherapy — General surgery — Internal medicine, including pediatrics
— Otorhinolaryngology — Dermatovenerology— General psychology /psychopathology
/neuropathology
— Anesthesia
C. Odonto-stomatological specific disciplines
— Dental prosthetics — Stomatological materials — Conservative stomatology
— Preventive stomatology — Anesthesia and sedation in stomatology — Special surgery
— Special pathology — Odontostomatological clinical practice — Pedodontia
— Orthodontia — Parodonthology — Radiology dental
— Dental occlusion and jaw functions —Professional organization, denthology and law
— Social aspects of the dental practice
Completing some disciplines may occur as part of other more general studies or in connection
therewith.
In Table 1 are listed the titles associated with the dental profession in EU countries, object of this study,
according to Directive 36/2005/EC of the European Parliament and the Council with regards to the
recognition of the professional qualifications).
Countr
y
Qualification title The institution that issues the
qualification certificate
The Certificate issued
along with the
qualification title
Professional title
Česká
repu-
blika
Diplom o ukončení studia ve
studijním program zubní
lékařství (doktor)
Lékařská fakulta university v
České republice
Vysvědčení o státní
rigorózní zkoušce
Zubní lékař
dan-
mark
Bevis for tandlægeek-samen
(odontologisk Kan
didateksamen)
Tandlægehøjskolerne,Sundheds
videnskabeligt Universi-
tetsfakultet
Autorisation som
tandlæge, udstedt af
Sun-dhedsstyrelsen
Tandlæge
11
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
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POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
A
h
o
s
t
M
e
m
b
e
r
S
t
a
te may require of specialized doctors whose specialist medical training on a full term was governed by laws,
regulations and administrative provisions in force on June 20, 1975 and who began their specialist training
before December 31st, 1983 that their titles be accompanied by an official document certifying that they have
effectively and lawfully established activities in question for at least three consecutive years during the five
years preceding the award of the document.
The theoretical training ensures acquisition of knowledge, understanding and skills for organizing,
dispensing and evaluating overall healthcare. Clinical instruction provides learning as part of a team, in direct
contact with a healthy or sick individual and / or Community, organizing, providing and evaluating the general
care to be provided, based on their knowledge and skills.
Training must be validated by a bachelor's degree or its equivalent (Table 1). In Romania, dental practitioners
who wish to practice must be members of CMDR, with rights and obligations under the law no. 95/2006 - Title
XIII. In this specific context:
- Practicing dental practitioner can be done under wage and / or independent
- The profession is exercised, under the law, only by individuals holding a formal qualification
in dental medicine
a. Are Romanian citizens or EU Member State, State of the European Economic Area (EEA) or 2
Swiss Confederation(EC);
b. the spouse is a Romanian citizen and the descendants and direct ascendant family members of
Romanian citizens,irrespective of their nationality c. family members of a national of a Member
under letter. b) as defined in art. 2
Part. (1) Section 3 of Ordinance no. 102/2005 on the free movement of citizens of the EU and
Deuts-
chland
Zeugnis über die Zahnärztliche
Prüfung
Zuständige Behörden Zahnarzt
España Título de Licenciado
enOdontología
El rector de una universidad Licenciado en
odontología
Italy
Diploma di laurea in
Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria
Università Diploma di abilia- zio
all’ese cizio della
professionedi
odontoiatra
Odontoiatra
Neder-
land
Universitair getuigschrift van
een met goed gevolg afgeleg
tandartsexamen
Faculteit Tandheel-kunde Tandarts
Öster-
reich
Bescheid über die Ver-leihung
des Akademi –schen Grades
„Doktor der Zahnheilkunde”
Medizinische Fakultät der
Universität
Zahnarzt
Portu-
gal
Carta de curso de licencia-
turaem medicina dentária
Faculdades Institutos Superiores Médico dental
practitionera
12
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
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AM POSDRU
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STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss Confederation (CE), approved with amendments by Law
no.
60/2005, published in the Official Gazette no. 900 of 7 October 2005 approving Government
Emergency Ordinance no. 102/2005 on the free movement of citizens of member states of the
European Union and European Economic Area [13]
Through formal qualification in dental practitionerry we understand:
a. diploma of dental practitioner or dental diploma issued by an institution of higher education in
dental practitionerry, accredited in Romania;
b. certificate of specialist in orthodontics and dental-facial orthopedics respectively specialist
certificate in dental alveolar surgery, issued by the Ministry of Health (MoH);
c. diploma, certificate or other evidence in dental practitioner issued according to EU Member
States, Member of the European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss Confederation (EC),
or acquired in a third country and recognized by one of the Member States initially listed or
equivalent from Romania.
It should be noted that formal qualifications in dental practitioner obtained abroad, the EU
Member States, the countries belonging to the European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss
Confederation (EC), are equal under the law. As an exception, the above provisions are formal
qualifications in dental practitione that have been recognized by one of these states.
The specifics of their activity include the profession of dental practitioner within the health
sector increased risk of biocontamination, with all the facilities provided by the legislation.
In practice a dental practitioner must prove availability, fairness, commitment and respect for the
patient. Professional independence offers the dental practitioner the right to a personal initiative and
decision in the practice of medicine and full responsibility. The dental practitioner is not a public
officer whilst delivering services, thus by the humanitarian and liberal nature of his profession.
In order to access activities and the exercise thereof , dental practitioners citizens of an EU
Member State, a State belonging to the European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss Confederation
(EC), set in one of these states, are excepted , in case of temporary or occasional medico-dental
services for the mandatory registration of Romania dental College (CMDR). CMDR membership
certificate is awarded on the basis of:
a) documents certifying professional training;
b) the health certificate;
c) affidavit that the conditions stipulated in art. 481 and 482 of Law 95/2006 [11];
d) criminal record.
The Certificate shall become operative after a liability insurance has been signed.
Some of the provisions of the professional oath also applies to Romanian citizens dental
practitioners residing abroad, dental practitioners citizens of a EU member state, state of the
European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss Confederation (CE), established in Romania, and set in
one of these states, or dental practitioners who meet the requirements of Art. 469 lit. c) and e) of
13
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
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STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
Law 95/2006, which requires the profession in Romania. Dental profession is exercised in Romania
of persons referred to in art. 469 of Law 95/2006:
citizens of third countries are beneficiaries of permanent resident status, or long-term in Romania.
Romanian citizens , make the professional oath upon acceptance as a member of the College
of dental practitionerry in Romania ( CMDR ) .
- Hold a formal qualification in dental medicine prescribed by law and are members of CMDR ;
- Not found in any of the cases of incompatibility or indignity of the law;
- Are medicaly able to practice ;
- In the event of the temporary or occasional delivery of dental services , dental practitioners must
notify the Ministry of Health (MoH ) on the activity, whilst also being active members of the
College of dental practitionerry in Romania ( CMDR ) during the period of time that they provided
those services;
- dental practitioners - nationals of a EU State , State of the European Economic Area (EEA) or
Swiss Confederation (CE), established in Romania or practicing dental practitioner , have the same
rights and obligations as members of Romanian citizens dental practitioners College of dental
practitioners of Romania ( CMDR ).
Control and supervision of the dental practitioner profession is made by the Ministry of Health
(MoH) together with the College of dental practitionerry in Romania (CMDR), recognized as
Romanian competent authorities. In the case where a dental practitioner interrupts his employment
or is in a situation of incompatibility for a period of 5 years, MS will revalidate its professional
competence.
The procedure on the terms and conditions of verification and certification of the
professional level is determined by the National Council of the College of dental practitionerry in
Romania (CMDR), according to the Code of Ethics and Rules of organization and functioning of
the College of dental practitionerry in Romania (CMDR) [9, 10, 24]. These provisions apply to
dental practitioners citizens of an EU Member State, a State Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss
Confederation (CE), established in Romania
Practicing the dental profession by a person who does not meet the legal requirements is an
offense and punishable under the Penal Code. The College of dental practitioners of Romania
(CMDR) has the right to exercise civil action or to refer, as appropriate, the competent authorities
for investigation and prosecution of persons who are in the above situation.
The State Authority in the dental practitioner field is the Ministry of Health, which holds the
following attributions: provides the legislative framework and methodology on practicing dentistry,
protects, promotes, supports the initiative, namely the professional quality of work and is involved
in the organization of specialized education, training and research, development and innovation in
the field.
The competent authority for the recognition of formal qualifications for the profession of
dental practitioner is College of dental practitioners of Romania (CMDR) which shall: endorse and
issue certificates of dental practitioner, prepares continuous improvement programs in dental
practice, is the competent authority for the recognition of formal qualifications in the profession of
dental practitioner for nationals of Member States of the European Union, citizens of member states
of the European Economic Area and Swiss Confederation citizens, issue the necessary documents
for Romanian citizens who wish to practice in the Member States of the European Union, the
Member states of the European Economic Area, the Swiss Confederation and in third countries.
Also published annually in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part I, National Instrument dental
medication, code of ethics for the profession of dental practitioner.
14
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Analyzing the validation and certification procedures dental profession in Romania can be
said that under the terms of reference are standard prices for procedures validation and certification
of competences:
ple and clear ;
clear structure ;
ing the contents of the file and the conditions of the applicant ;
required to file is by IMI ;
results;
nd appeals procedures exist to assess ;
results;
re for entry in the Register ;
tualizated periodically.
We appreciate that the procedures for validation and certification of competences for the
profession of dental practitioner in Romania, as well as recognition of qualifications acquired in
other dental practitioner EU Member States, are flexible and tailored to the requirements of
Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition professional qualifications.
Comparative analysis of dental profession in Romania and the Member States of the European
Union in the study is shown in Table 2.
Table 2: Comparative analysis of dental profession in Romania and in the EU countries surveyed
Romania Germany Austria Marea
Britanie
Holla
nd
Spain Italy Czech Republic Denmark
There are professions
reglemented in
the dental practitioner medical
field (da/Nu)
yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes yes
The professions reglemented in
the dental practitioner medical
field
Dental Practitioner Dental Practitioner Dental Practitioner Dental Practitioner Dental
Practitioner
Dental Practitioner
Dental Practitioner
Dental Practitioner
Dental Practitioner
The competent authority for
professions reglemented in
the dental practice medical
field
College of Dental Practitioners of
Romania
Bureau Dental Practitioner en register Camerele medicilor dentişti din landuri*
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft, Familie und
Jugend
Dental Practitioners Registration
Board
Stichting Bureau Dental Practitioneren-register
Ministry of Health
Ministry of Education, Universities and Research
Czech Chamber of Dental Practitioners
Dental Practitioners Association
Activities
(exclusively or individualy) to the
professions of medical dental
practitionerThe are no separated
activities
The are no separated activities
The are no separated activities
The are no separated activities
The are no separated activities
NThe are no separated activities
The are no separated activities
The are no separated activities
The are no separated activities
The are no separated activities
15
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Competencies Training at university level and whose main component is aremedical, should maintain a balance between theoretical / practical training in the profession and guarantee the acquisition of the following knowledge and skills: (a ) knowledge of the factors that can influence the quality of care ; ( b ) the ability to understand the relationships between people and their health care, on the one hand and interaction with the social environment , on the other hand , and the ability to understand the need to relate Dental Practitionere and the needs and human scale ; ( c ) the ability to understand the Dental Practitioner profession and its role in society, particularly in the light of social factors; ( d ) capacity to enable it to meet the requirements of medical , totoyestă respecting the limits of the budget and the relevant regulations ; (e ) adequate knowledge organizations, regulations and procedures involved in the integration of nursing and general planning of the medical ( f ) . design, coordination , implementation of research programs .
Requirements for practice Employed by public or private
medical care units
Employed by public or private
medical care units
Employed by public or private
medical care units
Employed by public or private
medical care units
Employed by public or private
medical care units
Employed by public or
private medical care units
Employed by public or private
medical care units
Employed by public or private
medical care units
Employed by public or
private medical care
units
Regime for recognition according
to Directive 2005/36/EC
Automatic recognition
Qualification level acc. to.
Directive 2005/36/EC
Dental Practitioner Training is a total of at least four years of study either on a full or six years of study, of which at least three years of full time in a university or in a comparable educational establishment. This training must be of a university level.
* Exceptions: In the Land of Hesse and North Rhine - Westphalia dental practitioner title is protected, but the profession is not regulated.
II. Validation/qualification procedures for the competencies applied by the
competenet authorities in the countries where the profession/s are regulated
2.1. Certification for medical practice in Italy
In Italy, the competent authority for certification of the competencies required to practice the doctor profession
is the Ministry of Health, www.ministerosalute.it. The practice of medical professions is permitted to those that
possess a diploma acquired in a foreign country, previously recognized by the Ministry of Health, and who enrolled
in the Professional Register. In Italy, the applicants for a medical activity must file a request to the Ministry of Health
for issueing a compliance certificate for the studies carried out abroad, consolidated with the features provisioned by
the professional directives.
For the physicians, the professional college is FNOMCeO having the address
http://portale.fnomceo.it/fnomceo/home.2puntOT. The affiliation is mandatory.
For the recognition of the medical diploma, the following documents are needed: model A1 application; copy of
a valid ID with the signature of the applicant; exemplification copy or office copy of the professional qualification
title; certificate of compliance regarding the name of the specialization and the minimum training conditions, issued
by the competent authority from the country where the diploma has been acquired; a good standing certificate, issued
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by the competent authority from the country where the diploma has been acquired, to prove that the applicant is the
right owner of the diploma and that there are no limitations regarding the practice of profession in the state of origin;
declaration of value issued by the Italian diplomatic authority; a certificate attesting the activities carried out in the
state of origin after obtaining the diploma for which the recognition is being asked (including the internships); the list
of all provided documents, signed by the applicant.
In order to obtain a labour contract for the medical qualification, the applicant must go through the following
steps:
- validation and legalization of original documents (according to Hague Convention of October 5th 1961),
translation in Italian and over-legalization;
- file the necessary documents to obtain the “Declaration of Value” at the Chancellery of the Italian Embassy in
Bucharest for the recognition of the professional qualification;
- submit the file with the necessary documents to the Ministry of Health in Italy that will issue a recognition
decision of the professional diploma;
- the employer takes over the applicant’s signed contract and will go through the required formalities to obtain
the work and residence permits, the official stamp from the local authority, the over-legalization of the work contract;
- procurement of the work visa on Italian territory, delivered by the embassy;
- passing the Italian language exam, the ethics and professional standards exam at the professional organization
IPASVI.
Note: All documents written in Romanian must be translated in Italian by a certified translator of the Ministry of
Justice, legalized by a notary public and over-legalized by the Court of Appeal/Tribunal with Apostille according to
the Hague Convention of October 5th 1961. The file must be submitted to the Italian Ministry of Health (Ministero
della Salute, Direzione Generale delle Risorse Umane e delle Professioni Sanitarie, Piazzale dell Industria 20, 00144
Roma) on Wednesday and the first Monday of the month, 09:00-12:00.
NB: Some regions (Calabria, Lazio, Umbria, Campania, Liguria, Veneto, Emilia Romagna, Lombardy, Valle
d'Aosta) and the autonomous regions Trento and Bolzano process independently the validation/certification
documentation of diplomas for physicians and radiological technicians. Hence, the applicants in these regions must
file their requests using the type H application and the documents featuring in Annex H at:
http://www.ministerosalute.it/professioni/Documenti/Modello%20H%20enti.pdf ;
http://www.ministerosalute.it/professioni/Documenti/Allegato%20H.pdf. They have to go through the following
process:
1. Method for preparing a file for Consular Office and order documents in the file :
Filled in standard form (at the bottom of the page, from the 3 boxes, only the number 1 should be ticked for
professional recognition or number 2 for academic recognition),
2. Original power of attorney for the person delegated to submit/remove files;
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3. Civil-status documents (for the persons that changed their names – marriage certificate or divorce order,
original and copies) and the birth certificate
4. A copy (preferably legalized) of the document attesting that the holder of the documents has the official
residence in a foreign country („Permesso di Soggiorno” for Italy).
The training programme to become a physician, respectively to continue studies – once the diploma granting the right
of practice is obtained – runs according to the decree M.I.U.R. no. 509 from 3rd of November 1999. According to the
italian law, the Romanian applicants that acquired work contracts as dentists have the same rights and obligations as
the italian citizens (Italian Act 286 of 25th of July 1998).
2.2. Certification for medical practice in Spain
The competent authority for certification of the competencies required to practice the doctor profession is the
spanish Ministry of Health (Ministerio de Salud), correlated to REAL DECRETO 1837/2008, de 8 de noviembre,
por el que se incorporan al ordenamiento jurídico español la Directiva 2005/36/EC, del Parlamento Europeo y
del Consejo, de 7 de septiembre de 2005, y la Directiva 2006/100/CE, del Consejo, de 20 de noviembre de 2006,
relativas al reconocimiento de cualificaciones profesionales, así como a determinados aspectos del ejercicio de la
profesión de abogado. BOE núm. 280, 46185-46320.
The academic recognition (certification) allows the continuation of studies to a higher educational level and
is in the competency of the spanish Ministry of Health. The Royal Decree 1837/2008 provides in Annex VIII (Annex
L11a_2) the alphabetical list of professions and activities grouped according to the training level in Spain to acquire
the right of practice, correlated to the levels described in article 19 (article 11 from the Directive 2005/36/EC on the
recognition of professional qualifications [13, 15, 16].
Nomination associated to the profession of physician in Spain: Especialista en medicina familiar y
comunitaria.
Qualification title for physicians in Spain: dental practitioner.
In order to practice the medical professions in Spain, one has to hold a diploma delivered by a university in
Spain or a EU member state, recognized by the Ministry of Education and Culture (Ministerio de Educacion y
Cultura). The professional college for physicians is Consejo General College of Odontology Oficiales y
estomatólogos de España, which operates 19 regional councils. Contact Address Council is Odontology College of
Consejo General de España y Estomatólogos, Calle de Alcalá, 79-2 º - 28009 Madrid - Teléfono 914 264 410 | Fax
915 770 639 http://www.consejodental practitioneras.es/
There is a register for the dental practitioners at the General Council in Madrid which is daily reviewed. The
fees collected vary depending on the regional council where the physician will practice the profession.
For physicians from EU member states, the language exam is not required.
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In 2009, there were 24,515 dental practitioners that were legally working in Spain, and the average number
of patients a dental practitioner was allotted to 1887.82% of dental practitioners working in private individual offices.
Every Member State shall recognize the qualification of specialised doctors awarded in Spain to doctors who
completed their specialist training before 1 January 1995, even if that training does not satisfy the minimum training
requirements provided for in Article 25, in so far as that qualification is accompanied by a certificate issued by the
competent Spanish authorities and attesting that the person concerned has passed the examination in specific
professional competence held in the context of exceptional measures concerning recognition laid down in Royal
Decree 1497/99, with a view to ascertaining that the person concerned possesses a level of knowledge and skill
comparable to that of doctors who possess a qualification as a specialized doctor defined for Spain in Annex V,
points 5.1.2 and 5.1.3.
For details regarding the difference between professional recognition and certification, visit:
http://www.eracareers.es/fecyt/guia/guia_cap07.pdf. The list of necessary documents can be found on the Site of
Ministry of Health, "documentación necesaria", at the address http://www. ministeriodesaludps.es/
profesionales/formacion/recoTitulosEuro.htm . For further information, you can contact the Ministry of Health on the
phone +34901400100 or write an e-mail [email protected].
Required documents:
- application, according to the model provided on the Ministry of Health’s website
- copy of the national identity document, passport or equivalent (ID card) that proves the applicant is a EU or
EES citizen
- copy of the academic qualification;
- official and personal certificate of studies that show:
- the duration of studies, in academic years,knowledge and competencies;
- description of courses taken, providing the number of hours for theory and practice for each course.
If there are substantial differences to the formal qualifications required in the host Member State, according
to the art. 14 from the Directive on the recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council, the applicant might have to provide information [5].
- a certificate issued by the competent authority from the country of origin proving that the applicant is a
professional and that there are no limitations regarding the pursuit of the profession (Certificate of good standing) and
that he fulfills the conditions set by the above-mentioned Directive for the pursuit of the regulated profession. This
certificate is valid 3 months from the date of issue;
- a certificate issued by the competent authority from the country of origin proving that the title awarded
allows the pursuit of the profession in the country of origin and complies to the conditions set by the Directive on the
recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
All documents must be provided with the official translation in Spanish, must have copies legalized by notary
public or other competent civil servants, after presenting the originals. The application for professional recognition in
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Spain, along with the necessary documents, shall be submitted to the central or regional institutions of the Spanish
Ministry of Health, empowered according to art. 38.4 of the law 30 from 26th of November 1992, on Legal
Arrangements of Public Administration and the Common Administrative Procedure.
2.3. Certification for the profession of dental practice in Czech Republic
The pursuit of dental practice in the Czech Republic is regulated by the article 34 from the Directive on the
recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, respectively
the Law no. 189/2008 on the amendment of the law regarding the recognition of vocational qualifications in the
Czech Republic [1, 2, 17].
The evidence of qualification acquired in the former Czechoslovakia has the same recognition as the
evidence of formal qualifications issued by the Czech Republic and Slovakia and upon the same conditions as stated
in the mentioned Directive.
Name of the profession of dental practitioner in Czech Republic: Zubar.
Competent institutions in the certification of the professional qualification:
1. The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports
Karmelitská 7, 118 12 Praha 1, ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA
Tel: + 420 257 193 376 / +420 257 193 579, Fax: + 420 257 193 39.
E-mail: qualifications@msmt.cz. Website: www.msmt.cz
2. The Ministry of Health (Ministerstvo zdravotnictví),
Palackého nám. 4, 128 01 Praha.
Tel.: +420 224 971 111, Fax: +420 224 972 111. Email: [email protected]
Conditions for the EU citizens that wish to pursue the profession in the Czech Republic: the recognition of
the professional qualification by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, the knowledge of the Czech language
(language examination), residence permit, enrollment in the Czech College of Dental Practitioners (CSK).
Application method for certification in the Czech Republic:
1. Submission of a written application by either a citizen of the Czech Republic or a citizen of a European
Union, European Economic Space member state or Switzerland
2. The competent authority admits the applicant for the professional qualification exam within 6 months
from the application submission date, if he fulfills the professional qualification and citizenship criteria
3. Professional training requirements:
a) University studies or equivalent in the medical field provided by or under the supervision of a
recognized university, section 3, paragraph a); the studies mùust comply with the requirements set by
the points 1.2 and 1.3 from the Annex of certification in the regulated profession, section 4, sub. 2,
paragraph a).
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b) University studies or graduated in a comparable institution in one of the fields of study listed in
Section 5, subsection 3 or in a similar study field in the licence curriculum.
4. Required professional experience of at least three years if the applicant graduated a bachelor or masters
degree and at least five years if the applicant graduated another study programme.
5. The professional qualification exam for the assessment of knowledge and competencies required in the
pursuit of the profession, especially:
a) attesting the professional knowledge if this is not part of the official recognised qualification of the
applicant
b) attesting the knowledge related to the legal aspects when pursuing the medical practice.
6. Payment of the certification fee.
After passing the certification exam, the physician takes the oath. The enrollment in the professional
organization is mandatory.
2.4. Certification for dental practicioner profession in Austria
Dental profession is regulated in Austria.
The competent authority is :
1. Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend – The Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and
Youth. Contact: Stubenring 1, Abteilung I/, 31010 Wien, Phone: +43-1 71100, Fax: +43-17142718, Email:
[email protected], URL: www.bmwa.gv.at.
2. Dental practitioners chamber (Austrian Dental Chamber) - . http://www.zahnaerztekammer.at/ - where you
can find additional information regarding the recognition.
The name of the professional qualification in Austria is: “Zahnarzt”.
Dental specialties are officially recognized in Austria, except Maxillofacial specialization, which is part of general
medicine in Austria. 82% of dental practitioners have private individual offices , and 22 % have no contract with a
health insurance company.
Searching for a job is more frequently through the Public Employment Service - Österreichische Ärztekammer::
http://www.aMinisterul Sănătăţii.at /.
Romanian Embassy`s address in Austria is: Prinz Eugen Strasse 60, 1040 Viena; tel: +4315053227,
+4315038940, +4315038941, +4315051628; fax: +4315041462; e-mail: [email protected]; site:
http://viena.mae.ro.
For the pursuit of the dental practice, the following conditions must be fulfilled: graduation of specific
university studies, work experience of at least three years after graduation, passing the specialty examination. It is an
oral examination and can be repeated twice. It includes topics from the following fields: Austrian laws of
administration and medical/social care, specific legal and professional rules, professional ethics.
For the residence in Austria, one must register with the competent authority from the Federal Police
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Department – Bundespolizeidirektion in the cities with the Federal Police Administration; in Wien, at the registration
service – Meldeservice from the appropriate office of the municipal district Magistratisches Bezirksamt; in smaller
communities, at the offices of the local council – Gemeindeamt. To benefit the right of residence in Austria for a
period exceeding six months, it is mandatory to hold a health insurance and to attest that the Romanian citizen has the
necessary means to support himself and, possibly, his family or to attest that he has a job, is self-employed or
participates in a training course.
The responsible authority will issue a document attesting the residence right - Anmeldebescheinigung.
Concurrently, Romanian citizens may apply for an official ID with a photo - Lichtbildausweis für EWR-Bürger, as
proof of identity.
Special regulations are applied to the citizens of third-party countries that are not citizens of
EU/EES/Switzerland, but are dependent to a Romanian citizen.
Before 1998, in Austria only the professional qualification obtained in Austrian universities were recognized
(Graz, Innsbruck, Wien). After 1998, the diplomas issued in other EU member states began being recognized. Until
2004, the dental practitioner that wanted to pursue the profession in Austria had to prove the Austrian (or another EU
member state) citizenship, to certify the formal qualification with the Austrian title of Facharzt für Zahn, Mund und
Kieferheilkunde and to provide the current professional status certificate.
Important addresses in the procedure of attestation / certification / recognition:
1.Osterreichische Zahnarztekammer, Kohlmarkt 11/6, 1010 Vienna, AUSTRIA. Tel: +43 505 11-0, Fax: +43 505 11-
1167. Email: [email protected]. Website: www.zahnaerztekammer.at
2.Osterreichische Gesellschaft für Zahn-, Mund-und Kieferheilkunde Verein Österreichischer Zahnarzt,
Auenbruggerplatz, 8036 Graz, Austria. Tel: +43 316 385 2251, Fax: +43 316 385 3376. Email:
[email protected], Website: www.oegzmk.at
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2.5. Certification for the dental practice profession in Great Britain
The practice of the dental practitioner profession in Great Britain is regulated by the article 34 from the Directive
on the recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. The list of
regulated professions in Great Britain, the competent authorities for the recognition of professional qualifications as well
as the contact details are on the website of the British Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills – DIUS:
http://www.dfes.gov.uk/europeopen/eutouk/eutouk_search_form.shtml [20, 21].
The attestation and certification for the pursuit of medical practice is conditioned by the fulfillment of the
following: filling in a form; submission of an ID attesting the citizenship (passport, ID card or birth certificate); the
professional qualification title attesting the minimum required training to pursue the regulated profession, the proof of an
internship or the registration to a similar body in the country of origin; evidence of professional experience; medical
certificate; a certificate attesting the professional integrity issued by the competent authority from the country of origin.
The dental practitioners that wish to pursue the dental practice in Great Britain must register to the General Dental
Council (GDC). It is the competent authority and maintains the registry of dental practitioners/ specialist dental
practitioners. A registration fee has to be paid. The necessary documents for registration to the GDC for the graduates of
EU member states are: professional qualification title, attestation of the right to practice the profession issued by the
competent authority from the country of origin, medical certificate, conformity certificate (issued by the Ministry of
Health for the Romanian professionals) and the certificate of current professional status (delivered by the Romanian
College of Dental Practitioners).
The physicians from the European Union member states must not attest the knowledge of English language.
However, the dental practitioners from non-EU countries must pass the IELTS examination and the professional specific
tests organized by GDC (GDC’s Overseas Registration Examination - ORE). The contact address for GDC is www.gdc-
uk.org.
The services provided by the United Kingdom Chamber of Physicians(UK NARIC) are: delivery of Letters of
Compatibility and the translation of the qualification title from the country of origin in English (Letter of Comparability
with Translation Waiver), respectively elaborating a Career Path Report which provides an advice on the comparative UK
education level and also recommendations for future study and/or professional development.
For further information regarding the services, procedures, terms and fees of UK NARIC, visit www.naric.org.uk
or contact the authority by e-mail ([email protected]) or phone (+44 (0)871 330 7033 or + 44 1242 258621).
The applicant for the pursuit of the medical practice must submit an examination request to the competent
authority, accompanied by the following documents: Curriculum Vitae, declaration of eligibility, the professional
qualification titles in original or certified copy, academic records in original or certified copy, a copy of the ID (passport),
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comparative matrix part 1 (university studies with bachelor degree), comparative matrix part 2 (university studies in
medicine), annex to the comparative matrix attesting the number of hours for the subjects and applications (dated and
signed), teaching plan / syllabus / structure of courses, examination fee, a photo, a copy of the marriage certificate in the
case of a name change, IELTS certificate.
After passing the exam, the dental practitioner must file a registration request to the UK NARIC. The application
can be made online or by mail. The application to be sent by mail can be downloaded at
http://www.arb.org.uk/Upload/40127-ARB-Form-E-UK-PR.pdf. The application must be accompanied by a copy of the
ID, the official address of the office where the profession is pursued, the attestation of necessary qualifications and the
proof of payment of the application and registration fees.
2.6. Certification for medical practice in Denmark
The pursuit of the medical practice in Denmark is regulated by the article 34 from the Directive on the
recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. The competent
authority for the attestation and certification of professional qualifications is Sundhedsstyrelsen (National Board of
Health) – the Danish equivalent of the Ministry of Health. Address: Axel Heides Gade 1 | 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark |
Phone +45 72 22 74 00 | [email protected], Danish Agency for Universities and Internationalisation, (+45) 33 95 12 00, or write
Information regarding the procedure of attestation and certification of professional qualifications in Denmark can
be found accessing the following website http://www.sst.dk/English/Education_and_authorization/Nurse.aspx
For the pursuit of a temporary activity for a regulated profession, it is usually required only to fill in a statement,
submitted to the competent regulation authority. More information http://fivu.dk/en/education-and-
institutions/recognition-and-transparency/regulated-professions
Dental practitioners must be registered in Tandlægeforeningen, (Danish Dental Association).
For the dental practitioners that obtained their professional qualification in a non-EU country, the Danish test is
mandatory as well as specific tests of professional knowledge, as the case may be.
2.7. Certification for medical practice in Holland
The pursuit of the dental practitioner in Holland is regulated by the article 34 from the Directive on the
recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council.
However, in Holland, the BIG Register is functioning with extremely severe regulations. This represents a
medical workers database. Eight specific healthcare professions have a central official registry : dental practitioners ,
doctors, health psychologists , midwives , nurses , pharmacists, physiotherapists and psychotherapists . It protects patients
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against improper treatment by healthcare provider. It contains information about over 400 000 people, of which approx.
70 000 are physicians. In order to pursue the medical practice, registering to BIG is mandatory. Penalties may be applied
if the registration is missing. The registration in BIG is subject to specific conditions, depending on the country where the
professional title or other qualifications were attained [24].
Conditions for the holders of university degrees:
- hold a valid degree;
- be able to pursue the medical practice with no restrictions
- pay the registration fee
- not have suffered of psychological disorders
- In addition to the qualification titles, in order to attest and certify the right to pursue the medical practice, the
general and professional knowledge are being evaluated. Additional examinations must be passed for:
knowledge of Dutch, knowledge of read English, IT literacy, basic knowledge, the Dutch health care system,
basic medical practice and clinical knowledge.
- The evaluation tests define results as “accepted” or “rejected”. The combined result of all examinations gives
a general impression on the level of knowledge and abilities. After passing the exam, the applicant is
submitted to a professional test, with a fee.
- In most cases, the evaluation procedure goes on with the “counseling interview”, held with members of the
Commission for external health qualifications (CBGV). Additional information is gathered and discussions
over surveillance or training take place. The exact form depends on the results of the evaluation, as well as the
CBGV conclusions, which notes its recommendations and communicates the decision. Depending on the
outcome of the evaluation, three situations may arise:
1. access to the pursuit of dental practice;
2. request to take additional training for 30-180 credits, as the case may be;
3. completing the entire study program for the desired medical specialty;
The BIG law lists the “reserved procedures”, meaning the medical interventions that may present an unacceptable
risk for the patient’s safety when performed by a non-authorized person. In this list are included injections, lumbar
puncture (spinal tap), catheterization and administering a general anesthetic. According t the BIG law, a small number of
service providers are authorized to perform this type of intervention autonomously. There is a Dutch brochure available
(Onder Voorbehoud) that explains the restrictions imposed by the BIG law and the method by which the expertise is being
assessed.
Medical assistance suppliers that are entitled to perform the reserved procedures are: physicians, dental
practitioners, midwives and nurses.
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Processing time of the professional documentation: BIG Registry applies strict regulations regarding the
maximum time spent for the processing of a request. In most cases, a decision is being taken in a few weeks delay.
Despite all that, the request can suffer delays in treatment if all the required information is not offered from the beginning.
Regulation regarding professional experience, effective starting 31st of December 2014
Any student graduating after the 31st of December 2014 and wanting to pursue the medical practice in Holland
must finalize a period of professional practice during which the applicants are trained for the adequate provision of their
profession. After this three years period of professional practice under the responsibility of a qualified member of that
profession (mentor), the applicants can register to the BIG.
The BIG office has the legal duty to lay down detailed rules to determine the structure, level of training,
knowledge and the abilities one must acquire after completing the three years professional practice. The rules shall also
provide clear answers regarding the structure of this practice, the mandatory mentors' supervision and the method to
finalize the professional practice period.
An important base for the content regulation is the recommendation published by WAT group project in March
2011 by Order of BIG Office. The Medic dentistenregister Office includes all establishments of higher education involved
in the training and regulation of the professional practice. The professional organizations are also an important dialogue
partner. In addition, meetings will be organized across the country to harmonize the requirements structure. All persons
registered in the BIG Register annd other interested parties can submit their views on the content and additions it that are
considered to be necessary.
2.8. Certification for dental practitioner in Germany
The pursuit of the medical practice profession (Facharzt/Fachärztin für Allgemeinmedizin) in Germany is
regulated by the article 34 from the Directive on the recognition of professional qualifications 2005/36/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council. The certification for medical practice in Germany is regulated by the Länder
laws, with two exceptions: in the states Hesse and North Rhine-Westphalia, the dental practitioner title is protected but
the profession is not regulated [21, 22].
The national competent authority is: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend – Federal Ministry
of Economy, Family and Youth. Address: Glinkastraße 24, 10117 Berlin, Postadresse 11018 Berlin. E-
Mail info(at)bmfsfjservice.bund.de, Amtsanschluss (030) 20655 – 0, IVBB (03018) 555 – 0, Telefax (03018) 555 – 4400.
Bundesärztekammer (BZAK) is the professional association of dental practitioners where the physicians must be
registered. Association`s contact address is Bundeszahnärztekammer Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Deutschen
Zahnärztekammern eV, Chausseestraße 13, D-10115 Berlin. Tel.: +49 30/40005 - 0 Fax: +49 30/40005 - to 200. Email:
[email protected] Internet: www.bzaek.de
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The organization that grants the right to practice is Kassenärztliche Vereinigungen (KÄV). Acquiring at the right
to practice the professional activities is conditioned by the completion of a residential course of three years. This condition
is not applicable to the dental practitioners coming from another EU member state. The application form for KÄV must
be accompanied by the qualification title, a conformity certificate and a current professional status certificate delivered by
the competent professional organization from the country of training (for Romania - CMDR)
The following preparations for residency are recognized in Germany, although not in all lands: Orthodontics , Oral
Surgery, Periodontology, Oral Public Health. Specializing in Periodonthology is recognized only in the region of
Westfalen.
In order to be able to practice as a specialist, the dental practitioner needs to obtain the specific recognition from the Land
College, based on the following documents:
- Fachzahnarztliche Anerkennung fur Kieferorthopadie – orthodontics dental practitioner specialist certificate
- Fachzahnarztliche Anerkennung fur Oralchirurgie /Mundchirur-gie – Oracle surgery specialist certificate
- Zahnarzt fur Offentliches Gesundheitswesen - Oracle Public Health dental practitioner certifiicate, obtained
from the Akademie fur Offentliches Gesundheitswesen exam.
- Periodontology dental practitioner specialist – only in Westfalen land.
In Germany there is the possibility that the specialization to take place both in universities and in certified private
clinics.
The title is given after the registration on dental practitioners Register, managed by the Dental Practitioners
Association from the specified land.
The enrollment in the professional register is made based on a an application form, professional qualification title,
examination certificate or any other relevant proof according to articles 46, 47 and 49 of the Directive 2005/36/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council, on the recognition of professional qualifications and relevant professional
practice of two years.[5]
The enrollment for certification and professional recognition lays under the professional associations from the 16
lands. Accreditation and certification competency in the dental practitioner profession goes to the land authority, that
administrates the profession and in whose jurisdiction the applicant resides.
The applicant shall contact the local structures of the Federal Employment Agency, which provides information
regarding the opportunity of working in Germany and granting the work permits. Address: Regensburgerstr.104, 90478
Nurnberg.Telefon: +49-0911.179.0, Fax: +49-0911.179.21.23. E-mail: [email protected].
In 2005, the Bologna process was implemented in Germany and currently efforts are being made to set up a
National Qualifications Framework. Further information can be found on the website of Deutscher Qualifikationsrahmen
(DQR), dem Gemeinsamen Internetportal des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung und der
Kultusministerkonferenz www.deutscherqualifikationsrahmen.de/.
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Although Germany does not have an official classification, starting 2002 the Center for Higher Education
Development (CHE), in cooperation with Stern Weekly Magazine publishes an annual classification comprising a great
number of institutions. The main task of the independent agency Akkreditierungsrat is the accreditation of specific
agencies who carry out the accreditation of study programmes. Among the members of Akkreditierungsrat can be found
representants of the federal states, higher education institutions, students’ Community, employers, employees and foreign
partners. Only in exceptional cases can Akkreditierungsrat accredit study programmes.
III. The processes of recognition of the qualifications attained in
other member states of the European Union
3.1. General framework of the recognition process for regulated qualifications/professions in the European
Union
In the European Union there are specific instruments that promote the transfer of qualifications and skills for
academic or professional purposes. The aim of implementing these instruments is to facilitate the right to free movement
of citizens, especially ensuring the right of individuals to pursue a professional activity or training in a Member State.
The National Center for Equivalence and Recognition of Diplomas (CNRED Str. Spiru Haret 12, Sector 1,
010176 Bucuresti, Ilfov, e-mail: www.cnred.edu.ro) is appointed as national point of contact for professional recognition
by the article 37, index 1 of the Romanian Government Emergency Ordinance no. 109/2007. The Romanian competent
authorities mentioned in the Law no. 200/2004, amended and completed (Legea 222/2010) [5], are responsible for the
professional recognition of qualifications acquired in EU Member States, European Economic Area and the Swiss
Confederation by the citizens of those states wishing to pursue a regulated profession in Romania. CNRED is also the
competent authority for professional recognition of qualifications obtained abroad, in order to obtain the work permit
issued by the Ministry of Labor, Family and Social Protection, in accordance with the General Inspectorate for
Immigration. CNRED issues, in accordance with Law no. 200/2004, amended and completed, a certificate of conformity
of studies for non/unregulated professions in Romania, in accordance with the provisions of Directives 2005/36/EC and
2006/100/EC.
There are two types of such instruments: a) the system of recognition of qualifications for regulated professions
and b) instruments designed to ensure skills’ and competencies’ visibility at European level: Europass and national
contact points for professional qualifications.
In each Member State there are two information points, namely the National Reference Point for professional
qualifications and ENIC-NARIC network.
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A person who has studied in an EU member state may ask for recognition in another EU country in order to
continue their studies or to practice the profession. Qualification recognition is the responsibility of professional
recognition organizations existing in each country. There are two types of “international” recognition:
Academic recognition, which allows the applicant to pursue or continue studies or grants the right to use
a national title or a professional degree in the host country based on the title or degree acquired in the
country of origin;
Professional recognition, referring to the evaluation methodology and procedures in order to exercise a
profession
Academic and professional recognition have different objectives and in most EU Member States they are
addressed differently, using different instruments. Each EU country has its own system of regulated professions. Thus, a
profession may be regulated in a member state, but not in another. In the country where the profession is regulated, the
applicant must follow the academic recognition procedures to pursue the profession, while in the country where the
profession is not regulated the requirements of professional recognition must be met. There are other situations, for
example in the United Kingdom, where professional qualification (for certain professions) is acquired after completion of
an additional professional training of post-graduate level provided by authorized suppliers of vocational training. In such
situations, the professional requirements are established by national law or by professional organizations (e.g. Länder in
Germany).
For the profession of physician, minimum training conditions are harmonized at European level by the Directive
2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications, of the European Parliament and of the Council, the
profession being included in the so-called sectoral professions. The Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of
professional qualifications identifies two situations: persons that wish to pursue the profession permanently and the ones
that wish to practice the profession temporarily in another EU member state.
Moreover, the rules set by the Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications are applied
as follows:
1. If the applicant wishes to work or study in another EU member state - the rules laid down in Directive
2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the recognition of professional qualifications apply only to
those who completed the professional training that want to pursue their profession in another EU member state, and not to
those who wish to continue their studies in another EU member state. The latter should contact the Academic Recognition
Information Centres (NARIC) for information on the academic recognition of diplomas - http://www.enic-naric.net/.
2. Citizen’s nationality - the rules set by the Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional
qualifications apply only to the citizens of 30 countries: the 27 member states of the European Union and Iceland, Norway
and Lichtenstein. To benefit prom the provisions of the Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional
qualifications, the physician must be the citizen of one of these states when the applying for recognition. The provisions
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also apply to those with dual citizenship. Example: a brazilian citizen physician which has also portuguese citizenship.
The Directive also applies to citizens of other countries (besides the 30) who are family members of a EU citizen.
Example: A Brazilian physician who holds a professional title obtained in Portugal, married to a Portuguese citizen. If the
family decides to live in France, the citizen can benefit from the recognition of the medical practice profession in France
under Directive 2005/36/EC on recognition of professional qualifications.
3. The country where the title was obtained - the provisions of theDirective 2005/36/EC on the recognition of
professional qualifications apply only if the physician obtained the professional qualification in one of the 30 states of the
Directive. It is considered that the medicine professional qualification was obtained in a member state if the applicant has
obtained a certificate of completion of a degree program in medicine, with a minimum duration provided for in the
Directive, in an EU member state. It does not apply to EU citizens who have obtained professional qualifications in
another state. Example: A French citizen who qualified as a physician in Canada and wants to pursue the profession in
France - the first recognition of his qualification in an EU member state is subject to national legislation of France.
a) Temporary provision of services in the medical practice
The dental practitioner legally residing in a Member State wishing to provide temporary dental services in
another EU member state will act under the provisions of Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the
Council on the recognition of professional qualifications, regarding the temporary service provision. Rules for temporary
provision of services are more flexible than those for establishment.
The conditions a dental practitioner must meet for the temporary provision of professional services in another
EU member state are:
- Be legally established in one of the 27 member states or in one of the countries: Norway, Iceland, Lichtenstein. In this
case, the dental practitioner benefits from automatic recognition of qualification, if he holds the qualification specified by
that Member State in Annex 5 of the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the
recognition of professional qualifications. This qualification must certify the completion of minimum training conditions
set by the Directive.
- Be present on the territory of the EU member state where he wishes to provide temporary professional services.
According to the definition in the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the
recognition of professional qualifications, a person is legally established if he fulfills all conditions for of pursuing the
activities concerned in a member state and if he is not prohibited from practicing, even temporarily. The citizen may be
legally established in an EU member state as employee or self-employed and not necessarily actively practice the
profession at the time of the application.
Example: A French dental practitioner enrolled in the professional register in France is legally established even if not
actively practicing the profession at that time in France. He can request the right to temporarily provide services in
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Germany. On the other hand, if the physician is not enrolled in the professional register, he is not considered legally
established.
For the first provision of temporary services in an EU member state, it may be necessary to submit a statement by
which the applicant notifies the competent authority of that state on his intention. The Directive 2005/36/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the recognition of professional qualifications does not force the EU states to
demand such a statement, it is an option that each state may apply within the limits set by the Directive.
If a member state chooses to request such a declaration, it is valid for one year. After that, if the applicant wishes
to continue providing services on a temporary basis, he must submit a new declaration, valid also one year. The
declaration must be drawn up in writing, but may be sent via mail, fax, e-mail etc. It can be sent at any time prior to
providing the professional service for the first time. In some EU member states, it should be taken into consideration that
is required for up to five months to examine it.
To find the competent authority of the member state to address the declaration for temporary provision of
professional services, the physician may consult the National Contact Points:
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/docs/contact-points/infopoints_en.pdf.
The statement shall include the following information: full name, contact details (address, phone number, e-mail address,
etc.), nationality, the profession for which the applicant is qualified in the EU member state where he is legally
established and the profession he wishes to pursue in the host member state. Also, the applicant must provide
information about professional liability insurance: insurance company name and contact number. It should be equally
mentioned if the applicant wishes to provide temporary professional services on the territory of the member state for the
first time or if he applies for a permit renewal.
The host member state may not under any circumstance ask the citizen to specify in the statement the location
and/or time and/or length of the service provided on its territory or to provide an address on its territory where they will
work.
Documents that may be required with the declaration: proof of nationality, a document certifying that the
applicant is legally established in a member state and that he is not forbidden to practice the profession, not even
temporarily – a certificate from the competent authority in the member state of establishment and a copy of the
certificate of professional practice, evidence of professional qualifications, proof that he was never convicted for any
serious offences if he wishes to work in high security areas and the EU member state requests the same for its citizens.
The competent authority of the host member state may not require original documents, but can require certified
copies of the more important documents, such as: professional qualifications and documents proving the professional
experience. If the applicant cannot provide legalized copies, the competent authority has the obligation to verify the
authenticity of these documents by consulting with the EU member state where the citizen is legally established.
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For the dental practitioner profession, it is not necessary to request certified translations of documents, since the
qualifications are listed with their original names in Annex V to the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament
and of the Council on the recognition of professional qualifications, and can be easily checked by the competent
authority. If the professional title held by the physician is not mentioned in Annex V to the Directive 2005/36/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the recognition of professional qualifications, the applicant does not benefit
of the automatic recognition and his qualification will be examined by the competent authority of the host member state.
In this case, the competent authority may require the following types of information about the applicant’s professional
training: the total duration of the studies, subjects and number of hours, the ratio between the activities of theoretical
courses and practical applications, experience, continuous training - courses and seminars followed to complete the
studies.
The decision of the competent authority may be:
1. The competent authority may decide not to check the applicant’s professional qualification and to grant the right to
provide temporary services;
2. The competent authority may decide to check the applicant’s professional qualification and:
a) authorize him to provide service;
b) prohibit him from providing the service;
c) ask him to adopt additional measures - in this case, only after these measures are met the applicant will be
informed on the decision of the competent authority.
Compensation measures. The competent authority can require the applicant to adopt additional measures if there
are substantial differences between the professional training received by the migrant and the one in the host country.
These measures shall be adopted only if the citizen's professional experience and / or professional training courses
completed are unlikely to cover the differences in initial training. The compensation measures may be either an aptitude
test or a professional practice period.
The timeframe in which the competent authority of the host member state decides on the temporary provision of
professional services is between one month of receipt of applications and supporting documents (if there are no file
processing problems) and four months of receiving the applications and supporting documents (if there are problems
processing the file). If the competent authority decides the implementation of compensatory measures, the decision will be
taken only after completion by the applicant of that requirement. In this case, the applicant must adopt compensatory
measures in the next month following the decision.
If the applicant meets all the conditions relating to freedom to provide services stipulated by the host member
state's national law, transposing Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the recognition
of professional qualifications, and the competent authority does not respond within the prescribed period, once this period
has ended he can provide the service in the host member state. The request is considered tacitly accepted.
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During the temporary provision of services in an EU member state, the applicant must comply with all the rules of
professional conduct related to his profession, in force in that State. In return, he is exempted from the obligation to
register with the relevant professional organization or forum in that state and to have professional liability insurance.
b) Pursuing the dental practitioner profession in another EU member state
When a dental practitioner wants to settle in another EU member state to pursue the profession, his qualifications will be
checked more thoroughly and the formalities to comply with are more complex. To find out the competent authority in
the member state to which he must submit the file for recognition of professional qualifications, the physician may refer
to the national points of contact: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/docs/contact-
points/infopoints_en.pdf.
The documents which must accompany the application are :
- the proof of nationality;
- evidence of professional skills certification or qualification which grants the applicant access to practice the
profession;
- evidence of professional experience if the qualification is obtained in a third non-EU member state and is already
recognized in another EU member state. In this case, the competent authority of the state in which the applicant wishes
to establish may request a certificate, issued by the competent authority of the EU member state where his qualification
is already recognized, attesting that he pursued the profession for at least three years in the respective member state.
- attestation of professional integrity, moral reputation – a statement affirming that he was he was never prohibited
from practising due to grave professional misconduct or criminal offence;
- medical certificate attesting the health condition allows the applicant to correctly pursue the profession;
- proof of financial situation and health insurance;
- compliance certificate - issued by the member state of origin and attesting the correspondence between the
applicant's qualification and the one listed in Annex V to Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the
Council on the recognition of professional qualifications.
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If the professional title held by the dental practitioner is not mentioned in Annex V or VI or in other specific
situations described by Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the recognition of
professional qualifications – an attestation must be issued by the member state of origin regarding the effective and
lawful professional practice for at least three consecutive years during the last five years. In some cases, the document
must also stipulate that the applicant is authorized to use the title of dental practitioner in the member state of origin
before the date provided for the respective member state in Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the
Council on the recognition of professional qualifications. For further information:
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications/docs/contact-points/infopoints_en.pdf.
The competent authority of the host member state cannot require the original documents, but can require
authenticated copies of the main documents, such as professional qualifications and documents that are proving the
professional experience. If the citizen cannot provide the authenticated copies of the above mentioned, the competent
authority has the obligation to check the authenticity of these documents by consulting the EU member state the citizen is
legally established in.
In dental practitioner`s profession there is no need for the authorized translation of the documents because the
qualifications are mentioned in Annex V of the Directive 2005/36/EC of European Parliament and of the Council on the
recognition of professional qualifications with their original names and can be verified easily by the competent authority.
Application process timeframe. First the competent authority must inform the applicant regarding the application
receipt within a month and also if there are any missing documents. The competent authority needs to take a decision
within maximum three months from the complete file receipt, for the cases that fit the general automated recognition
rules.
The recognition gives the applicant the right to practice the profession on the respective territory of the EU member
state as any other citizen of that state that has the same rights. In other words, he must obey the same laws, regulations,
administrative stipulations and professional code of practice that the citizens of the host EU member state are obeying.
The automatic recognition of the dental practitioner qualification
In order to benefit of automatic recognition, the dental practitioner must fullfil the following conditions:
- To hold a specified qualification by the member state within Directive 2005/36/EC regarding the professional
qualifications recognition, Annex V
- The qualification must certify a professional training that meets the minimum settled requirements by the
Directive 2005/36/EC regarding the professional qualifications recognition. This usually applies, if the
candidate`s academic training started after the reference year mentioned in Annex V at the qualification and
EU state mmber, but not before that.
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Example: A spanish dental practitioner that holds a „titulo oficial de arquitecto” formal qualification obtained at
Universidad Europea de Madrid, and who started his studies the earliest in the academic year 1998/1999 (Annex V. Point
5.1.7) can benefit of automatic recognition.
An italian dental practitioner that holds the formal qualification and that started his studies after the academic year
1999/2000, but did not obtain the „diploma di abilitazione all ezercizio indiependente della professione”, which is
mandatory in Italy in order to complete the academic qualification (Annex V, point 5.1.7), cannot benefit of automatic
recognition.
SOLVIT is a problem solving network, within which the EU member states are working together, without using
the legal procedures, in order to solve the problems issued because of the unappropriate interpretation of the legislation
regarding the internal market by the public authorities. In each European Union member state there is a SOLVIT center
that provides these services for free. SOLT is handling the cross-border problems between a company or a citizen on one
hand, and public authorities on the other hand, where there is a chance that the Community law was not properly applied.
The domains in which the problem frequency is high and there are complaints to be treated through SOLVIT are:
professional recognition of the qualifications and diplomas; the access to education; residence permits; voting rights; social
security; the right to work; the driving licenses; the engine vehicles registration; border control; products access on the
market; services access on the market; establishing as an independent; public acquisitions; taxes; free movement of capital
and payments.
In each Member State of the European Union there is a SOLVIT center that provides these services free of charge.
Any complaint through SOLVIT implies four stages to resolution:
Stage 1 – the case is accepted, the legal base is being checked, if the documents that were included in the base by the origin
center are not sufficient, additional documents are required;
Stage 2 – obtaining the solution: the competent authority that is involved in the case is contacted and it cooperates in order to
obtain a solution that is a fair, in accordance to European legislation;
Stage 3 – solution proposal (implemented or not) – the solution must be real, practical and in accordance to European
legislation;
Stage 4 – if the solution has not been implemented when the proposal was made, it`s monitoring is done – a case is solved
only when the solution is implemented and it solves the customer`s problem. The member states should amplify their efforts
in order to ensure that the physical persons and the companies can use efficiently their legal rights regarding the unique
market, guaranteeing an efficient application and implementation of the legislation regarding the unique market by the
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national instances, by supplying quality information, instruments and government procedures, and also by doing investments
in mechanisms that are designed for quick solving issues. SOLVIT potential is still insufficiently exploited as a problem
solving key instrument at a national/European level, partially because of the insufficient staff from different SOLVIT centers
and also because of the insufficient information received by the European citizens regarding the competencies of these
centers.
The SOLVIT centers from member states mentioned in this guide are:
SOLVIT Italy: Presidenza Consiglio Ministri, Dipartimento Politiche Comunitarie, Piazza Nicosia 20, IT - 00186 Roma,
Tel. +39 06 677 95 844, Fax. +39 06 677 95 044, [email protected]
SOLVIT Czech Republic: Odbor vnitřního trhu a služeb EU, Ministerstvo průmyslu a obchodu, Na Františku 32, CZ - 11015 Praha 1, Tel. +420 22 422 1701, Fax. +420 22 485 3079, [email protected]
SOLVIT Denmark: D Business Authority (Internal Market Centre), Langelinie Allé 17, DK – 2100 Copenhagen, Tel.
+45 35 46 62 00 (the hotline), Tel. +45 35 46 66 16, Tel. +45 35 46 66 73, [email protected]
SOLVIT Germany: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, Scharnhorststr. 34-37, DE – 10115 Berlin,
Fax +49 3018 615 5379, [email protected]
SOLVIT Holland: Ministerie van Economische Zaken, Landbouw en Innovatie, Bezuidenhoutseweg 30, Postbus 201,
NL – 2500 EC, den Haag, Tel + 31 70 379 7708, Fax +31 70 379 7014, [email protected]
SOLVIT Austria: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend, SOLVIT Center, Abteilung C1/2,
Stubenring 1, AT - 1010 Wien, Tel. +43 1 71100-5119, Tel. +43 1 71100 – 5293, Tel. +43 1 71100- 5187, Fax. +43 1
71100-2207, [email protected]
SOLVIT United Kingdom: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, 1 Victoria Street, UK – London SW1H
OET, Tel. + 44 20 7215 2833, Fax. +44 20 7215 2234 [email protected]
In Romania the SOLVIT center has as contacts details: the Romanian Government, the Department of European Affairs,
Aviatorilor Avenue, number 50A, Sector 1, Bucharest 011854, Romania, tel.: +4021 308 53 60, Fax.: +4021 318 55 24, E-
mail: [email protected]
a. Recognition of the Medical Qualification in Italy
Italy implemented the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and Council, regarding the recognition of
professional qualifications through the Legislation Decree number 206 from 6th of November of 2007: “Attuazione della
direttiva 2005/36/EC relativa al riconoscimento delle qualifiche professionali, nonche' della direttiva 2006/100/EC che
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adegua determinate direttive sulla libera circolazione delle persone a seguito dell'adesione di Bulgaria e Romania”.
Dental practitioner profession is regulated in Italy and the competent authority is Ministero dell'istruzione, dell'università
e della ricerca.
Through this decree are established the rules based on which the citizens of the EU member states can practice on
Italy`s territory the regulated profession for which they are qualified in the home member state. The conversion text
refers to so called “regulated” professions defined in article 4, paragraph1, letter a) from this decree. The decree applies
to the citizens of the European Union member states that want to practice on Italy`s national territory as employees or
self-employed – including freelancers, a regulated profession based on a professional qualification, obtained in a
European Union member state and the conditions in which the practice of this profession is allowed. Also, the
competencies certification is made based on some normative documents with general character.
The profession that the applicant wants to practice on the Italian territory will be the one that he was qualified for in
the home member state if the activities are comparable and can be practiced under the establishment or cross-border
provision of services on a temporary and occasional basis.
Based on the provisions of article 56, paragraph 4, and article 57 from the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European
Parliament and Council, regarding the recognition of professional qualifications, the Community policies coordination
department of the Ministers Council Presidency is the national coordinator and national point of contact: Presidenza del
Consiglio dei Ministri, Dipartimento Politiche Comunitarie, Ufficio Mercato Interno e Competitività, Piazza Nicosia 20,
0018 ROMA, ITALIA, e-mail: puntonazionaledicontattoqualificheprofessionali@politicheeuropee.it, Website:
www.politichecomunitarie.it.
Contact persons: Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, Dipartimento Politiche Comunitarie, Ufficio Mercato Interno e
Competitività, Piazza Nicosia 20, 0018 ROMA, ITALIA, e-mail:
puntonazionaledicontattoqualificheprofessionali@politicheeuropee.it, Website: www.politichecomunitarie.it.
For dental practitioner professional qualifications, the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and Council,
regarding the recognition of professional qualifications provides a system based on the preventive harmonization during the
training and that stipulates the automatic recognition.
For the recognition in the general system, the recognition request is addressed to the Competent Authority from the
host member state (Italy). This request must be accompanied by documents and certificates stipulated in Annex VII of from
the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and Council, regarding the recognition of professional qualifications.
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The required documents in Italy for EU citizens who wish to settle in this country are, according to Presidenza del
Consiglio dei Ministri, DIPARTIMENTO PER L’INFORMAZIONE E L’EDITORIA - GUIDA ALL’UTENTE, Direttiva
2005/36/ECE relativa al riconoscimento delle qualifiche professionali[19]:
1. Copy of a valid identity document of the concerned person
2. Authenticated copy of the specified profession qualification (also mentioning the passed exams that are necessary
to determine the potential existence of some significant differences from the national training stipulated in article
14 from the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and Council, regarding the recognition of
professional qualifications),
3. Authenticated copy of the professional qualification, if it is stipulated by the country where the qualification was
obtained
4. Authenticated copy of registering in the Professional Register of the country where the title was obtained, only if
there are provided in this country
5. Certificate stating that there are no criminal or professional obstacles in practicing the profession, issued by the
competent authority from the home country and/or provenance,
6. Certificate presenting in detail every work activity in the country of origin, as result of the graduation of the
qualification for which the recognition is requested (including the performed practical training timeframes).
In the regulated professions case, both in Romania and in Italy, the following documents are required:
1. Certificate or other accreditation issued by the competent authority from Romania from which results that that
diploma authorizes, in the country of origin, the professional practice of the applicant,
2. The detailed program of studies with the clear indication of the taken hours and the debated topics for each subject,
and also the number of the intership hours, issued by the unit that issued the diploma,
3. Document to certify the carried activity in the country of origin or provenance, subsequent to the diploma the
recognition is required for,
4. Documents to certify the performed internship, specialization courses or other diplomas
All documents written in a foreign language must be accompanied by an italian translation, authenticated according
to the original text, issued by the italian diplomatic or consular Authority from the country that issued the diploma,
or by an authoriized translator from an italian court. The use of the photocopies is made by the EU citizens
according to DPR 445/2000 Law that imposes that these must be accompanied by a statement in accordance with
the original on the applicant`s own responsability. The authorities can verify through a survey the authenticity of
these statements.
The original documents cannot be subsequently withdrawn by the concerned or the empowered person, at the
diploma recognition process closure.
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1.3 Recognition of the dental practitioner qualification in Spain
The Royal Decree 1837/2008: “REAL DECRETO 1837/2008, de 8 de noviembre, por el que se incorporan
al ordenamiento jurídico español la Directiva 2005/36/EC, del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 7 de
septiembre de 2005, y la Directiva 2006/100/CE, del Consejo, de 20 de noviembre de 2006, relativas
areconocimiento de cualificaciones profesionales, así como a determinados aspectos del ejercicio de la profesión de
abogado. BOE núm. 280, 46185-46320” [16], presents in Annex VIII (Annex L11a_2) the alphabetical list of
grouped professions and activities according to the existent level of preparation from Spain to access the profession
pursuit, correlated with the described levels from the article 19 (article 11 from Directive 2005/36/EC regarding the
recognition of professional qualifications).
The regulated professions in Spain in the dental practice domain are: dental practitioner, and the competent
authority for the professional recognition is the Ministry of Health. The recognition for the dental practitioner in
Spain is made directly, according to the stipulations of the Directive 205/36/EC of the European Parliament and
Council, regarding the recognition of professional qualifications. However, if the applicant does not meet the
minimum conditions of professional training stipulated in the directive, or if his diploma is not found in Annex V,
the member states common compensation mechanisms are applied: skills test or a professional practice period,
which are applicable before the title recognition.
The file for the professional recognition covers the following documents: the application for the obtained
diploma recognition within a EU country addressed to Ministry of Education (official standard model), authenticated
photocopy of the academic and professional title, authenticated copy of the citizenship proof, the authenticated
Spanish translation of the academic and professional title. The evaluation result is: The recognition certification of
the professional title. After obtaining it, the medical assistant has the obligation to sign up for the professional
college according to the region he wishes to establish himself and has the right to practice the profession only in that
region.
The legislation regarding the professional recognition in Spain
Spain implemented the Directive 205/36/EC of the European Parliament and Council, regarding the recognition of
professional qualifications through the Royal Decree 1837/ 8.11.2008: REAL DECRETO 1837/2008, de 8 de
noviembre, por el que se incorporan al ordenamiento jurídico español la Directiva 2005/36/EC, del Parlamento
Europeo y del Consejo, de 7 de septiembre de 2005, y la Directiva 2006/100/CE, del Consejo, de 20 de noviembre
de 2006, relativas al reconocimiento de cualificaciones profesionales, así como a determinados aspectos del ejercicio
de la profesión de abogado. BOE núm. 280, 46185-46320[16], that establishes the rules based on which the citizens
of the EU member states can practice the regulated profession for which they are qualified within their own member
state, on the Spanish territory.
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Regarding the recognition procedure in Spain the following can be summarized:
a.It consists of the qualifications recognition in Spain obtained by the citizens of any EU member state, countries
that are part of European Economic and Social Committee (Island, Norway and Liechtenstein), Switzerland and –
when necessary – citizens from third parties countries, that are also citizens of one of the above countries (dual
citizenship), for the allowance of practicing a profession or regulated activity in Spain, with same effects as if they
would have obtained the corresponding Spanish qualification. The official recognition gives the applicant the right
of becoming a member of the respective professional associations and practicing the profession in those activities
that are exclusively assigned to the professional group.
b.The application must be addressed directly by the applicant, to the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and
Administrators.
The application has a standard form and must be accompanied by justifying documents (both academic and
professional), certifications, accompanied by their authenticated translation in Spanish (by an authorized translator,
any diplomatic representation or the Spanish Consulate or abroad, by the diplomatic or consular representation in
Spain of the applicant`s citizenship country).
The dental practitioner professional recognition in Spain
The dental practitioner profession is a regulated profession in Spain. The dental practitioners are obligated to
efficiently develop their activity, to be registered within the territorial professional association, both those who want
to establish in Spain and also those who want to practice the professional services. The professional practice will
take place in free competition conditions and under the Competition Law and the Law against the unfair
competition, regarding the provision of services and determining the remuneration. Other aspects of the professional
practice are regulated by the set regulations by the professional association of the applicant.
Supply of services with establishment
Step 1. The recognition of the corresponding title – are the same as the general requirements for regulated
professions
Step 2. Signing up for the professional association from the service provision.
Documents: The required documents are the same for all the independent communities.
- Completed application form,
- The original or the authenticated copy of the dental practitioner title or the certificate issued by the
university or recognized by the competent organization,
- Identity document or any other document that guarantees that the applicant is a EU member state citizen,
- Registering declaration in the contributors registry/certificate within the professional association,
- Declaration regarding the civil responsability,
- Type photos,
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Additional documentation for the service provider from another member state:
- Certificate issued by the state of origin, which certifies the qualification, accompanied by the
authenticated translation,
- The declaration on his own responsability that he was not registered as a dental practitioner in no other
country from the EU, on the contrary: Certification from the member state of origin that he is not under disciplinary
penalty regarding the profession practice.
Result: Licensing, registering collegiate and license number, documentation standards for practicing.
Regulations regarding the change of residency: stipulations regarding the professional title recognition
for persons already residing in Spain that wish to practice the profession in other autonomic region of Spain.
- Proof of residence change (movement from a region to another),
Requirement: The residency certificate issued by the Professional College
Documents: documentary application forms are not similar for the regional governments, but are more
frequent as it follows:
-Completed application form,
-Certificate regarding the administration discharge from the territorial professional association,
-Copy of the certificate issued by the college regarding the professional title (as a professional organism),
-Data regarding the bank account, that proves the pay of the registration tax or the payment proof.
-The proof of contracting a professional responsability ensurance,
-Copy of the identity card.
Result: Registering collegiate and license number and the documentation standards for practicing.
Temporary supply of services in dental practice domain
The dental practitioner supplies a service for a limited period in a different area than the one in which he is
authorized in. In this case he needs to be registered in the professional college where he usually activates.
The necessary documents are: Communication form between the professional colleges, filled in by the
initial organization and the one that the nurse will move to that describes the service that is about to be supplied.
The applicant, a EU memeber state citizen that is about to supply services in Spain needs to meet the
following conditions in order to have access to activity:
Step 1. The recognition of the corresponding title – are the same as the general requirements for regulated
professions
Step 2. Temporary signing up for the professional college from that region, both for spanish citizens and also for
the citizens of a EU member state.
The required documents are not the same for all the regions, but the common ones are:
- Application – college registration form,
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- Declaration regarding the civil responsability:
-if the contracted civil liability insurance is not in spanish, the authenticated translation of the
document and a validity certificate must be added
-if there is no contracted civil liability, an insurance can be required as the respective college
requires it
Result: Instructions and necessary informational documents for practicing the professional activity.
3.4 The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in Czech Republic
The professional qualifications recognition and the list of necessary documents are regulated in Czech
Republic through Law 18 from 2004. In Czech there is an information point for the professional qualifications
recognition - The Professional Qualifications Recognition Center, with the corresponding legislation [1,2].
The Center provides information about professional qualifications recognition and applied regulations in
Czech Republic based on the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and the Council regarding the
recognition of the professional qualifications. It coordinates the activities of the recognition authorities and
represents Czech Republic at the European Committee. Contact details of the Center are: Ministry of Education,
Youth and Sports, The Center for Professional Qualifications, the “Education for Adults” department. The center
manages the databases that contain Czech regulated and unregulated professions. For each profession there are
qualification requirements, specific recognition committees and legal regulations that governs the profession in
Czech Republic. The database specific to the type of profession also contains information regarding the
recognition procedure [1] and the application form for a professional qualification recognition. For the regulated
professions, the proper point of contact can be the Ministry of Health, because it is relevant through the high
number of regulated professions it has to manage.
As in Romania, the regulated professions are recognized only by the relevant competent authorities by
submitting an application accompanied by the afferent documents: application form in Czech, personal
identification, a document that certifies the candidate`s citizenship, the proof of the formal qualifications and the
receipt that proves the administrative fee.
The recognition authority examines if the application and the attached documents contain all the
required information to certify the qualifications and a taken decision. If necessary, the competent authority will
ask the applicant for additional information. After the file receipt, the qualification recognition committee is
obligated, as per the stipulations from art. 24, paragraph 5 from Law number 18 from 2004, to take a decision in
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maximum 60 days. In complex cases, the authority can overcome this deadline but, however it`s obligated to
take a decision within 90 days [3]. As a result of the application examination submitted by the candidate, the
competent authority must take a decision according to one of the below situations:
- Professional qualification is recognized, or
- Communicates the compensation methods to the citizen, either as ninternship, or through a skills test that
must be sustained by the candidate, or
- The professional qualification recognition submission is rejected.
Compensatory measurements are applied by the recognition committee only if there are important differences
between the certified competencies of the applicant and the ones that are necessary for the profession practice in
Czech.
During the internship, the candidate provides regulated services under the surveillance of a competent
professional person. The adjustment period cannot be longer than 3 years.
The skills test is normally based on a written and an oral part. Usually, is sustained in czech, in the
presence of a representative recognition committee for the given qualification, university or other institution,
taking into consideration the citizen`s specialization. The examination consists of the verification of the
candidate if he has the necessary knowledge and competencies for practicing the profession, which were not
included in the previous preparation of the candidate. The taken decisions by the recognition authorities
committees, can be disputed within 15 days from the announcement date.
The NARIC CZ Center (The Higher Education Center/ The Documents Equivalence regarding
Education - ENIC/NARIC, Udvou srpů 2024/2, 15000 Praha 5, Tel.: + 420257011335, Fax: + 420257531672, e-
mail: [email protected], web: www.naric.cz.) network member of EU ENIC from 1997, provides information
regarding the higher education qualifications in Czech and EU states, this way including the professional
qualifications for the czech citizens gone to work abroad are facilitated.
National Institute of Technical and Vocational Education (NUOV), Weilova 1271/6, 102 00 Praha 10,
Tel.: + 420 274 8 62 251 – 6, Fax: +420 274 863 380, E-mail. [email protected], web: www.nuov.cz, is a
consultancy center for elementary or higher education qualifications. If rquired by the competent authorities,
NUOV provides an expertise regarding the educational level received by a citizen or the content and purpose of
the education for the required qualification, so that the conviction that the citizen has the necessary competencies
for the regulated profession practice in Czech. NUOV cooperates with similar institutions from abroad.
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The dental practice profession in Czech with permanent statute
The application file contains:
- Standard application form, example at: http://www.cka.cc/cca/prilohy/form_resident_person
- Copies of the diplomas and graduation certificates
- Document that proves the professional experience – a description of the professional practical experience,
- Document that proves the suitability – criminal record,
- Document that proves the existance of a malpraxis insurance,
- The proof of the registration fee payment
The file is sent to Secretary of the Certification Committee, Josefská 34/6, Praha 1, 118 00, Czech Republic
[email protected] or [email protected].
As a result of the recognition, the dental practitioner obtains the license/certificates and the seal (official stamp),
will have to pay the annual cotization at the professional Association and will also have the same professional
rights as any other czech dental practitioner citizen.
Temporary services provision in dental practitioner profession in Czech Republic
The documents that are attached to the notification for temporary provision of services in dental
practitioner domain on Czech Republic`s territory are the same as the ones for permanent establishment. Also,
the same fee is payed. The professional recognition for the temporary provision of services is valid for an year.
The nurse has the same rights as a certified czech dental practitioner, except the right to vote within the General
Congregation of the professional association. Standard application can be found at
http://www.cka.cc/cca/prilohy/form_visiting_person, for the notification regarding the temporary services
provision in the dental practitioner domain on the Czech Republic`s territory is standardized.
3.5 The dental practitioner qualification recognition in Austria
The dental practitioner profession is regulated in Austria .
The competent authority for the qualification recognition is: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft, Familie
und Jugend - the Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth. The Law that regulates the dental
practitioner profession in Austria: Bundesgesetz über Medicalassiss-tanse 1993 - ZTG), StF: BGBl. Nr.
156/1994 (NR: GP XVIII RV 498 AB 1492 S. 153. BR: 4745 AB 4752 S. 580.)
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Dental practitioner profession recognition for EU, EEA and Switzerland citizens
A EU, Economic European Space (EES) or Switzerland Confederation citizen dental practitioner, can
apply for the practicing the profession in Austria.
Requirements for applicants: the proof of their nationality, the proof of the right to practice the dental
practitioner profession in his state of origin, the proof of good behaviour, financial solvability and non-violation
of the professional ethic code issued by the competent authority in his state of origin.
The professional organizations at the region level are:
Chamber of medic dentists for Vienna, lower Austria and Burgenland
Chamber of medic dentists for Styria and Carinthia
Chamber of medic dentists for Upper Austria and Salzburg
Chamber of medic dentists for Tirol and Vorarlberg.
3.6 The recognition of the Dental Practitioner Qualification in United Kingdom
In United Kingdom, the access to regulated professions that benefit of automated recognition of the
obtained professional qualifications in the other member states of the European Union are made according to the
stipulations of the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and the Council regarding the recognition
of the professional qualifications.
The temporary provision of services in a regulated domain
In order to provide services for a limited period of time within a regulated domain from the United
Kingdom it is necessary that those persons would normally practice their activity on another member state`s
territory of the European Union, to have a qualification that allows him the practice of the regulated profession
within the state of origin and not to have forbidden this right by the authorities of that state.
The temporary provision of the services is possible after notifying the competent authorities from United
Kingdom. In some situations the presentation of some documents regarding the practice of the profession in the
state of origin could be necessary, a sustained skills test or a short adjustment period.
During the services provision it is mandatory the use of the existent professional title in the United
Kingdom and the compliance with the professional regulations imposed by the competent professional authority.
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For professional qualification recognition as a dental practitioner citizen of a member state of the European
Union it is necessary to have an application registered at the Immigrants Registration Council.
The application can be made online (https://applicants.arb.org.uk/Login.aspx?status=n&formtype=eu) or via
mail at: UK Qualifications, 8 Weymouth Street, London, W1W 5BU, T: 020 7580 5861 F: 020 7436 5269 E:
[email protected] W: www.arb.org.uk. For the mail application the application form can be downloaded from
http://www.arb.org.uk/Upload/40127-ARB-Form-K-Euorpean-PR.pdf. The application needs to be accompanied
by a copy after the identity card, official address of the headquarters where he practices his profession, the proof
of the qualifications – university diplomas, the declaration issued by the competent authority from the state of
origin that certifies the qualification, the nationality proof, copy of the marriage certificate if the name was
changed and the proof of registration and application fees payment.
3.7 The recognition of dental practitioner qualification in Denmark
The recognition qualification procedure is followed, through sending the application to the Danish
Agency for Universities and Internationalization. In addition, a recognition or a similar recognition is needed
from the Danish competent authorities. In case of temporary services provision on the Danish territory, the
EU/EEA citizens have to send a declaration.
The professional recognition for the EU, Island, Norway, Lichtenstein and Switzerland citizens. If
the applicant is a citizens of one of these states and completely graduated studies in one of these states and has
the right of practicing the profession in the respective state, he has to apply for authorization or similar
recognition of Dental Practitioners Committee from Denmark.
The dental practitioner provides the service under the professional title from his state of origin. The
Danish title can be used only if the applicant`s professional qualification has been verified and recognized in
Denmark.
3.8 The recognition of dental practitioner qualification in Holland
The Foundation for Cooperation on Vocational Education, Training and the Labour Market (S-BB) and
Holland Organization for International Cooperation in Higher Education, in Hague (NUFFIC) are the two Dutch
recognition centers of qualifications gained in other states, depending on the qualification type: NUFFIC (Hague),
for the recognition of higher education diplomas and of general pre-university education, namely S-BB (in
Zoetermeer), for the gained qualifications recognition in the EFP system. All the needed information for the
recognition of a gained qualification outside Holland can be obtained from the website
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http://www.idw.nl/start.html. If the practice of a regulated profession is wanted in Holland, the first step is
checking on the website http://www.Professionalrecognition.nl if the profession concerned is framed as
regulated or not, and if the profession is regulated, the organization identification with AC role and manages the
recognition process.
From a pursuit access perspective, in Holland the professions can be classified in two big categories:
regulated and unregulated professions. In the unregulated professions case, for the legal pursuit of the respective
profession it is not necessary to obtain the recognition of the professional qualification from a competent authority
from Holland in case the title was obtained in another member state. NUFFIC also has the NARIC role in
Holland, therefore provides assistance both to the qualifications recognition applicants from higher education
(workers, employers), and also to the competent authorities for the regulated professions, and also provides
information concerning the stipulations of the Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and Council,
regarding the professional qualifications recognition.
Qualifications recognition is made in a separate department of S-BB, that is financed by the Ministry of
Education. Usually, a recognition process can last up to 4 months.
3.9 The recognition of dental practitioner qualification in Germany
The qualifications recognition for foreigners in Germany is made differently for access to education and
profession pursuit.
The coordination at a national level of professions recognition activities is the Federal Ministry of
Education and Research, which issued “The Law of recognition”. The regions developed different prescriptions.
In this context, the recognition of the dental practitioner profession in Germany is regulated by the land
legislation, through the relevant professional chambers from the regions. In Germany, the Directive 2005/36/EC
of the European Parliament and Council, regarding the professional qualifications recognition was transposed
quite late in the national legislation and in the special professional regulations. For the gained professional
qualifications recognized abroad only in 2012 was adopted in Germany “The Act of Recognition”, also known as
the “Law for improving the evaluation/analysis and foreign professional qualifications recognition”; it regulates
the foreign qualifications recognition for the professions for which the federal government is responsible. “The
Law of Recognition” combines a new federal act, “The Law of professional qualifications determination” –
BQFG (BMBF `s responsibility), with modifications made on the existent legislation and the professional
regulations (governmental departments that are responsible in the respective domains). The Law regarding the
evaluation and professional qualifications recognition (BQFG – Article 1 from the Law of Recognition) is a
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federal law from the new competency sphere of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. It is the base
legislation of recognition of professional qualifications in Germany, that stipulates the procedures and evaluation
criteria of the foreign professional qualifications with the ones of the German reference profession, through which
the integration of qualified immigrants is supported on the German labour force market. Starting with 1st of April
of 2012, the possibility of having the foreign professional qualifications recognized in Germany was significantly
improved.
The act given by the Federal Government of the diplomas recognition inserts the legal right of having
qualifications obtained abroad, evaluated in comparison with the equivalent from Germany, improving this way
the opportunities for physical persons that obtained professional qualifications abroad to practice the studied
professions in Germany. This act contains extensive procedures, simplified and improved by the evaluation of the
foreign vocational qualifications that are in Federal Government`s responsibility. This act does not, however,
regulate those professions for which the regions are responsible.
IV. Practicing as a dental practitioner in the European Union
It must be emphasized that the reserved activities are only one aspect of market access barriers.
Examples of greater restrictions on the market entry are:
• rules on the duration of the applicant's practice-for example, specifies a minimum number of years of
experience,
• places restrictions on the total number education and training places;
• requirements to obtain certificates or licenses, such as compulsory apprenticeship or a minimum period of work
experience,
• quantitative and limitative restrictions regarding the number of the new entrants to the labor market per year.
In its conclusions from 10 March 2011, the EU council recognized as unjustified the requirements which
reserve the access to certain activities for service providers who hold special qualifications. These may be the
major obstacles to the efficient functioning of the single market and welcomed the Commission's intention to
further evaluate this issue.
Reporting to those mentioned, however, the competent authority of the member state in which the
applicant wishes to develop a professional activity, can request:
• a certificate of „conformity”: a certificate issued by the resident country, certifying the conformity with the
qualifications set out in the Professional Qualifications Directive 2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and
Council;
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• a certificate of name change, if the name of the qualification that meets the minimum training
requirements does not match the name of the corresponding Annex Professional Qualifications Directive
2005/36/EC of the European Parliament and Council
The dental practitioners which are not the citizens of a member state of EU, of a state belonging to the
European Economic Space or of Switzerland`s Confederation, established in one of these states, but who have the
right to practice the profession as a dental practitioner in the resident country, can practice the profession on the
Romanian territory, only occasionally, according to the Ministry of Public Health and to the Dental Practitioners
College from Romania (DPCR).
The applicants from this category will exercise medical activity exclusively in a medical unit or in a
medical education institution, for teaching purposes and only during the approved timeframe.
Throughout the profession pursuit, the dental practitioner is committed to respect the Ethics code of
dental practitioners detailed at http://www.oar.org.ro/upload/2012/
Codul_deontologic_al_profesiei_de_medic dentist.doc [25].
The dental practitioner profession is practiced in one of the member states of the European Union only by
the members of the corresponding organizations of the Nurse College from Romania, example: IPASVI in
Italy, NMC in United Kingdom, SAK in Norway.
The Government of Romania, at the initiative of the Ministry of Education and Research approved the
Law number 260/2005, for the approval of the Government Emergency Ordinance number 102/2005 regarding
the free circulation on Romania`s territory of the European Union and European Economic Space member states
citizens , published in Official Monitor number 900 from 7th of 2005 [13].
The occupations correspondent to dental practitioner qualification in Romania, according to OCR -
Occupations Code from Romania, 2013 – are: basic Group 2261 is part of:
Major group 2 – Specialists from different activity domains
Major sub-group 22 – Specialists in health domain
Minor group226 – Other specialists in health domain
Dental practitioners diagnose, treat and prevent diseases, injuries and dental anomalies of the mouth, jaws
and associated tissues by applying the principles and procedures of modern dentistry. A wide range of specialized
techniques of diagnosis, surgery and other measures to promote and restore oral health is used.
The following occupations are distinguished:
226101 Dental practitioner, training level 4 (higher education)
226102 Resident dental practitioner, training level 4 (higher education)
226103 Specialized dental practitioner, training level 4 (higher education)
226104 Researcher in Medical Stomatology, training level 4 (higher education)
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226105 Researcher assistant in Medical Stomatology, training level 4 (higher education)
The activity in medical stomatology in Romania is regulated through HG number 932 from 1st of September of
2010 for Methodological Norms of application of Law number 184/2001 regarding the organization and dental
practitioner pursuit, respectively Law number 308/2004 regarding the dental practitioner pursuit and also the
organization and operation of the Dental Practitioners College from Romania. Official Monitor number
582/30.06.2004 [8,9,25].
In Italy the certified applicant must enroll in the professional association in the state in which
he wants to exercise the profession and to obey to the specific rules and code of ethics. In Italy there is
the National Federation of Colleges Italian professional nurses. Address: Via Agostino Depretis 70, 00184 Rome,
Tel: 0039.0646200101, Fax: 0039.0646200131, Web: www.ipasvi.it
In Spain, the accreditation and the certification for the profession of dental practitioner is issues by the
Spanish Ministry of Health (MoH) correlated with REAL DECRETO 1837/2008, de 8 de noviembre, por el
que se incorporan al ordenamiento jurídico español la Directiva 2005/36/EC, del Parlamento Europeo y del
Consejo, de 7 de septiembre de 2005, y la Directiva 2006/100/CE, del Consejo, de 20 de noviembre de 2006,
relativas al reconocimiento de cualificaciones profesionales, así como a determinados aspectos del ejercicio de la
profesión de abogado. BOE núm. 280, 46185-46320. The academic recognition, certification allows further
studies, on a different educational level and is into the competence of the Spanish Ministry of Health. The Royal
Decree 1837/2008 presents in Annex VIII (Appendix L11a_2) the alphabetical list of the professions and the
activities grouped, according to the existing training in Spain to accede to the profession, in line with the levels
described in Article 19 (Article 11 of Directive 2005 / 36/CE professional Qualifications).
The Spanish General Secretariat of the Ministry of Labour and Immigration has issued new clarifying
guidance with the SGIE/1/2012 Norm, referring to the enforcementregime of the Romanian workers and the
members of their families, following the complaints of the Romanian authorities in the working group between
the Romanian Ministry of work and Spanish one, relating to the uncertainties of the measure of labor market
restrictions for the Romanian citizens in Spain, a measure that was imposed on 22 July 2011. News of these
instructions advantageous the situation for a wide range of Romanian workers meaning that:
- There is no longer the need of a commitment for the Romanians to return to the resident country at
the end of a fixed term employment contract;
- It clearly states the status of family members (husband / wife / children under 21 or dependent) of the
Romanian workers, both for those who already have the right to work and for those who must obtain
in advance from the employer, a work permit;
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- family members, whatever their nationality is, (husband, wife and children up to 21 years or
dependents) are treated under the EU legislation applicable to EU citizens, and not as Romanians
undertaken to the restrictions required from the 22nd of July 2011.
With these new instructions, it is being derogated from both the DGI/SGRJ/5/2011 instructions, as from
the Addendum from September 16, 2011.
The professional practice takes placed under the conditions of free competition, and is the subject of the
Law on Protection of Competition and Unfair Competition Law, concerning the delivery of service and the
determination of its remuneration. Other aspects of professional practice are regulated by the College of Dental
Practitioners of which the applicant belongs.
In the Czech Republic, after graduating the certification exam, every dental practitioner takes an oath. After
the recognition as a dental practitioner, he obtains the license / certificate and will have to pay an annual fee to the
territorial professional association and enjoy the same labor rights as any Czech citizen, working as a dental
practitioner.
In Denmark, the competent authority in certifying the profession as a dental practitioner Sundhedsstyrelsen
(National Board of Health) – the Danish equivalent for the Ministry of Health.
The professional practice takes place under the conditions of free competition and it is the subject to the
Law on Protection of Competition and Unfair Competition Law, in the provision of services and determination of
their remuneration.
In Holland the dental practitioner profession is regulated. The BIG registry works with particularly severe
internal rules and regulations, regarding the access and the practice of the dental practitioner profession. The BIG
registry is a database with information about all the health care staff. Eight specific healthcare professions have a
central official registry: dentists, doctors, health psychologists, midwives, nurses, pharmacists, physiotherapists and
psychotherapists. It creates psychological effect among the patients and protects patients against improper treatment
by healthcare provider. BIG registration is mandatory, in order to practice any medical profession. The inclusion in the
BIG registry is the subject of certain conditions, depending on the country in which the diploma or other qualifications
were obtained. The refusal to subscribe into the BIG registry is being sanctioned severely.
In Germany, the citizens of the EU member states may apply for a job and be employed only if they have EU work
permit issued by Bundesagentur fur Arbeit (Federal Employment Agency). EU citizens have the unconditional
right of residence under the Community law. The conditions under which a work permit can be issued, according
to the provisions of Section 284 and following from the 3rd volume of Sozialgesetzbuch (Code of Social Law),
and additional provisions: Anwebestoppausnahmeverordung (Regulation on exemptions from the prohibition of
recruitment), which can be found in Circular 7, on the employment of foreign workers in Germany, and more
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information can be picked up from: www. Arbeitagentur.de/ ServicevonAbisZ/Auslanderbeschaftigung. When a
contender for the job identified an employer he must submit to the Agentur für Arbeit (agency staff) of the local
employer to require a work permit. More information regarding the procedure on obtaining a work permit can be
found at www. Arbeitagentur.de/Service A-Z /Vermitttlung/ Auslanderbeschaftigung Zentralstelle fur
Arbeitvermittlung (Placement office) (ZAV) in Bonn, Villemombler Strasse, 75, tel. + 49228713-0. The EURES
advisers are connected to EURES network, for information. ZAV can also be accessed
www.arbeitagentur.de/Ihre Agentur fur Arbeit/Besondere Dienststellen /Zentralstelle fur Arbeitsvermittlung
(www.arbeitagentur.de).
In the countries mentioned above, a more largely approach is applied to regulate the profession of dental
practitioner, with an emphasis on promoting high professional standards, the involvement of professional staff (which
provides training and can develop codes of practice). In addition, wide rules also helps to regulate the market, such as
the rules and regulations associated with health standards, health and safety laws and regulations relating to the
preparation and professional evaluation. An important role in the accurate and consistent exercise of any profession is
the motivation for choosing the profession. It is noted that much of the dental practitionerss keep the traditional
motivation in choosing this profession: altruism, the desire to help their peers: 52% of the respondents said that
they chose this profession because of the desire to help people in distress, 6% because they like this domain and
5% follow their vocation. The economic and social conditions, the lack of incentives for choosing a medical
career and the prolonged crisis of the health system determined the orientation of young people to this profession
because of pragmatic reasons: the advice of the family members, failure to a medical school or the hope of a safe
workplace. The relatively high percentage of non-responses – 11%, and considering the respondents who cited
other reasons – 16% show an indecision in choosing a profession, the lack of information when choosing a
profession, the exploitation of opportunities for obtaining qualifications, influence the career choice.
If the dental practitioner applicant obtained the qualification prior to the reference date referred to in
Annex V to the Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications of the European Parliament
and of the Council, and the qualification does not meet the minimum training required, or other specific situations
mentioned in the directive, the applicant may request a certificate from the home state member, concerning the
actual and legal activity practice.
The member states may require the applicants an internship and/or a period of work experience, with
periodic evaluations.
Creating, at European level, the professions cards by the professional associations and organizations could
facilitate the mobility of professionals, by speeding up the information exchange between the host and the home
member state.
52
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
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53
THE EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF LABOUR,
FAMILY AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
AM POSDRU
THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL FUND
POS DRU 2007-2013
STRUCTURAL INSTRUMENTS
2007-2013
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