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Density
Definition
Density: The amount of matter in a certain volume. (How much matter is
in a given amount of space.)
Example:Each of the spheres in these boxes have the same mass, which box has a higher density?
Calculations
There is only one equation for density calculations:
D = m / v
Density = mass / volume
Calculations
Mass is mass, but
sometimes, calculating volume can be trickier.
Measuring Volume
What is Volume?Volume is the amount of space
something occupies.
Everything has volume.
Everything takes up space.
Know Your Equipment
There are two pieces of lab equipment that you will use to measure volume.
1. Graduated Cylinder
2. Meter Stick
Know Your Equipment
Graduated cylinders are
used to measure liquid volume as well as the volume
of irregular objects.
Know Your Equipment
Read measurements based on the bottom of the meniscus.
Know Your Equipment
What is the volume of this
graduated cylinder?
Know Your EquipmentTo calculate the
volume of an irregular object, use the following
steps:1. Calculate volume without
object.2. Calculate volume with
object.3. Subtract the
values to find the volume of
the object.
Know Your Equipment
So, what is the volume
of the action figure?
Know Your Equipment
A meter stick is used to measure
geometric volume.
The formula for rectangular prism or
cube volume is:Length x Width x
Height10 cm
9 cm
8 cm
Know Your Equipment
What is the volume of this
cube? The formula for rectangular prism or
cube volume is:Length x Width x
Height
10 cm
9 cm
8 cm
Density and Water
Water has a density of 1 g/cm3 (or 1 g/mL). This means that a cube of water exactly 1cm3 large would have a mass of exactly 1 gram.
Think About It:What would have a
higher density: Distilled water or salt
water?Why?
Density and Water
Density of Object > 1 g/cm3 = Sinks in Water
Density of Object < 1 g/cm3 = Floats on Water