Density and Enhanced Density Seminario de actualizacin de Instrumentos y Mediciones Buenos Aires Abril 6 & 7, 2005

Micro Motion DensityPrinciple of OperationMMI operating principle is EXACTLY the same as other vibrating element densitometers - It is NOT a Coriolis density meter

Micro Motion DensityConcentration Measurement

Micro Motion DensityCustomer BenefitsIs a vibrating element densitometer - market reputationKnowledge and experience. More than 100,000 density solutions sold over the past two decades No field calibration required Minimal secondary effects of temperature, pressure and flow (better performance than any other coriolis on the market and equivalent performance to Solartron 316SS)True linear responseDensity independently of the flow rate. No design compromises have been made

Micro Motion DensityCustomer Benefits - Cont

Because MMI measures flow, flow effect on density can be compensated for. No velocity limitations MMI sensor can be installed directly in line while other vibrating element densitometers are limited to by-pass If by-pass configuration is chose flow output can be used to ensure a representative sampleNet flow, volume @ reference temperatureEasy-to-Use: isotherms can be easily uploaded and downloaded to/from users computerSeveral predefined isotherms available for F+B and Chemical applications

Best Practices for Optimum DensityField PerformanceUse Elite (model CMF) sensorsProvides best density accuracy Size for a minimum flowrate of 20% of meter nominalAchieves good thermal transferFor by-pass configuration, size for a similar velocity as the main line stream and insulate bypass piping and sensorEnsures a representative sample in the by-pass lineProtects from ambient and radiant influences on fluid density maintaining main line temperatureFor clean fluids install sensor with the flow tubes down; for slurries or suspended solids install tubes in flag position with flow going downKeeps sensor filled and avoid settlingFor high-end applications consider an immersed RTD in place of sensor RTD Improves temperature measurement used for compensationDensity Field Proving in Custody Transfer applicationsPer API MPMS 14.6 Continuous Density Measurement: Pycnometer for light-end hydrocarbons or Hydrometer for fluids with vapor pressure below the atmospheric pressure

Accurate Concentration Measurement

Accurate Concentration MeasurementThese are the four components that determine the overall % concentration accuracy:1- Accurate line density measurement

2- Accurate line temperature measurement

3- Fluid Sensitivity Analysis- Change in density per change in concentration- Change in density per change in temperature

4- Accurate Isotherms

Fluid Sensitivity AnalysisIt takes this much density change to cause 1% change in concentration; the larger the change in density per % conc the better!Caustic = 0.01 g/cc per % concSugar = 0.005 g/cc per % concAlcohol = 0.0018 g/cc per % conc

Elite +/- 0.0005 g/cc accuracy:Caustic = +/- 0.05% conc errorSugar = +/- 0.1% conc errorAlcohol = +/- 0.3% conc error

Note: This calculation does not include any error in temperature measurements and therefore does not represents the overall concentration error

Fluid Sensitivity Analysis - ContIt takes this much temperature change to cause 1% change in concentration; the larger the change in temperature per % conc the better!

Caustic = 14 degC/%concSugar = 9.7 degC/%concAlcohol = 2.2 degC/%conc

Accurate IsothermsAn Isotherm defines the relationship between density and concentration at a fixed temperature for a two-component mixtureAt least two isotherms (within the operating range) must be known

Accurate Isotherms What do you need to know before you start?What is the process fluid? Is it pure or does it have a mixture of fluids? What is the carrier? Are there contaminants? Does Micro Motion have data on this fluid or will the customer need to provide it?If customer have the data how is the data organized (temperature and density units, density vs SG, etc)What is the temperature range? Will the process fluid ever be outside of this range? What is the concentration range? Will the process fluid ever be outside of this range?What outputs are needed (% concentration, net mass, density at reference temperature, etc)?

User Defined IsothermsThe user has total freedom to define and configure the isotherms The accuracy of the entered data will impact the overall concentration accuracy

Pre-defined IsothermsMVD3000 and 2700* can be ordered to have predefined algorithms that require no user configuration other than selecting the desired curvePlease be reminded that these curves are for two component mixtures. Occasionally, customer process fluids contain slight contaminants. Some slight modification or adjustment of the isotherms is required to optimize results in these cases

*Via CEQ only. Not available for G code (Profibus)

Pre-defined Algorithms for F&BSucrose (Brix, Balling, Plato)High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS 42%, HFCS 55% and HFCS 90%)New! Additional F&B curves via CEQ for MVD

Pre-defined Algorithms for ChemicalNew! Chemicalcurves via CEQ for MVD

Accurate Concentration MeasurementThese are the four components that determine the overall % concentration accuracy:1- Accurate line density measurement

2- Accurate line temperature measurement

3- Fluid Sensitivity Analysis - Change in density per change in concentration- Change in density per change in temperature

4- Accurate Isotherms

Message:Some manufactorers state they compensate for temperature with a built-in RTD. But as they dont state how much this effect is or gives you the residual after compensation you could put FUD (fear, uncertainty and doubt) on the device. Low pressure is not a big deal since the majority of F+B processes are low pressuresRoad map for concentrationEquivalent performance to 316SS SolartronNiSpanC has inferior corrosion resistanceMMI densitometers are used not only for line density, but also to derive variables such as corrected density and concentrationField Density Proving: in process applications customers usually adjust the densitometer with their reference (lab). If density related variable is being measured they can perform a Trim to the isotherm in order to match their reference