Demys&fyingMedicine29March2016

TheHumanMicrobiomeProjectca.1690

Antony van Leeuwenhoek Three important points 1.  The first direct observation of

bacteria was of those from within the human mouth.

2.  No association between microbes and disease

3.  This first observation revealed human-associated microbial communities to be complex

"...[T]heres<ckethorgrowethbetweensomeofmyfront[teeth]andmygrinders...aliDlewhitemaDer,whichisasthickasif'twerebaDer.Onexaminingthis...Imostalwayssaw,withgreatwonder,thatinthesaidmaDerthereweremanyveryliDlelivinganimalcules,verypreLlya-moving”

Dobell, C. Antony Van Leeuwenhoek and His “Little Animalcules.” London. Constable & Co. 1932. Print.

TheHumanMicrobiomeProjectca.2016

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NetworkInferenceCo-occurrenceorco-exclusionobserva<onsminedtoiden<tysta<s<callysignificantrela<onships.TaxaclusterbasedonbodysiteIsthisabiologicallyrelevantspa<alscales?

Faust, et al. 2012. PLoS Comput. Biol. 8:e1002606

Spa<aldistribu<onofmicrobes:relevantscales

MowatandAgace.2014.Nat.Rev.Immunol.14:667-685. Grice and Segre. 2011. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 9:244-253

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Ahypothesisforthestructureofdentalplaquebiofilms

Kolenbrander,etal.2010NatRevMicrobiolJabra-Rizk,etal.1999JClinMicrobiol

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Nature Reviews | Microbiology

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Amann, R. & B. Fuchs. 2008 Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6:339-348

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MowatandAgace.2014.Nat.Rev.Immunol.14:667-685. Grice and Segre. 2011. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 9:244-253

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MarkWelch,etal.2015.PNAS

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MarkWelch,etal.2015.PNAS

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MarkWelch,etal.2015.PNAS

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daSilva,DorresteinandQuinn.2015PNAS

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Invitrobiofioms

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Steenackers,etal.2016.FEMSMicrobiolRev.

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Acknowledgements•  NICHD

–  JenniferLippincoDSchwartzLab

•  NHGRI–  JulieSegreLab

•  ForsythIns<tute– GaryBorisyLab

•  MarineBiologicalLab–  RudolfOldenbourg–  JessicaMarkWelch