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Submitted by: Akshi ChandyokeShreyash Patil

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Definition of Quality

ISO 8402-1986 standard defines quality as "the totalityof features and characteristics of a productor service that bears its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs."

W. E. Deming:- A product or a service possesses quality if it helpssomebody and enjoys a good and sustainable market.

Who is a guru?

A guru, by definition, is a good person, a wise person and teacher whoguides the world and makes a major and lasting impact.

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Biography of W.E.Deming William Edwards Deming (October 14, 1900

December 20, 1993) was an Professor,

American Statistician, Author, Lecturer andConsultant.

He is perhaps best known for his work in Japan.

There, from 1950 onward, he taught topmanagement how to improve design , productquality, testing, and sales through variousmethods, including the application of statisticalmethods.

Deming made a significant contribution to Japan's later reputation for innovative high-quality products and its economic power.

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Deming received a B.Sc in Electrical Engineering from theUniversity of Wyoming at Laramie (1921), a M.S. from the

University of Colorado (1925), and a Ph.D. from YaleUniversity (1928).

He later worked at the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the

Census Department.

Later, he became a professor at New York University whileengaged as an independent consultant in Washington, D.C

In 1988, he received the Distinguished Career in Science awardfrom the National Academy of Sciences

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Work in JapanIn 1947, Deming was involved in early planning for the1951 Japanese Census.

June August 1950, Deming trained hundreds of engineers, managers, and scholars in statistical processcontrol (SPC) and concepts of quality.

Deming's message to Japan's chief executives:

improving quality will reduce expenses whileincreasing productivity and market share.

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Honors' in JAPAN

1947, Rice Statistics Mission member

1950, assistant to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers

Instructor in sample survey methods in governmentstatistics.

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LATER WORK IN U.SDr. Deming continued running his own consultancy business in the United States.

In 1980, he was featured prominently in an NBC

documentary titled If Japan can... Why can't we? about the increasing industrial competition theUnited States was facing from Japan.

Deming continued consulting for industry throughoutthe world until his death at the age of 93.

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IN FORDFord's sales were falling between 1979 and 1982.Ford had incurred $3 billion in lossesDivision Quality Manager John A. Manoogian wascharged with recruiting Dr. Deming to help jump-starta quality movement at Ford.He told Ford that management actions wereresponsible for 85% of all problems in developingbetter cars.In 1986 Ford came out with a profitable line of cars, theTaurus-Sable lineFord had come to lead the American automobileindustry in improvements.

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Deming philosophy W. Edwards Deming is best known for his management philosophy establishing quality, productivity, and competitive position.

The philosophy of W. Edwards Deming has been summarized as follows:"Dr. W. Edwards Deming taught that by adopting appropriate principles of management, organizations can increase quality and simultaneously reducecosts

In the 1970s, Dr. Deming's philosophy was summarized by some of his Japaneseproponents with the following 'a'-versus-'b' comparison:

(a) When people and organizations focus primarily on Quality , quality tends to

increase and costs fall over time. (b) However, when people and organizations focus primarily on Costs , costs tend

to rise and quality declines over time.

The most important Deming works are: Deming cycle, The Fourteen

Principles, The Seven Deadly Diseases. 9

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Deming Cycle

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14 Key PrinciplesDeming offered fourteen key principles to managers for transforming businesseffectiveness. The points were first presented in his book Out of the Crisis.

1. Create constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service, with theaim to become competitive, stay in business and to provide jobs.

2. Adopt the new philosophy . We are in a new economic age. Western managementmust awaken to the challenge, must learn their responsibilities, and take onleadership for change.

3. Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Eliminate the need for massiveinspection by building quality into the product in the first place.

4. End the practice of awarding business on the basis of a price tag. Instead, minimizetotal cost. Move towards a single supplier for any one item, on a long-termrelationship of loyalty and trust.

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5. Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service, toimprove quality and productivity in short Improve every process , andthus constantly decrease costs.

6. Institute training on the job.

7. Institute leadership . The aim of supervision should be to help people

and machines and gadgets do a better job.

8. Drive out fear , so that everyone may work effectively for the company.

9. Break down barriers between departments. People in research, design,sales, and production must work as a team, in order to foresee problemsof production and usage that may be encountered with the product orservice.

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10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force askingfor zero defects and new levels of productivity.

11. a. Eliminate work standards (quotas) on the factory floor.b. Eliminate management by objective. Eliminate management bynumbers and numerical goals.Instead substitute with leadership.

12. Remove barriers that rob the hourly worker of his right to pride of workmanship. The responsibility of supervisors must be changed fromsheer numbers to quality.

13. Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.

14. Put everybody in the company to work to accomplish the transformation.The transformation is everybody's job.

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Seven Deadly DiseasesThe "Seven Deadly Diseases" include:

1. Lack of constancy of purpose2. Emphasis on short-term profits

3. Evaluation by performance, merit rating, or annual review of performance

4. Mobility of management5. Running a company on visible figures alone

6. Excessive medical costs7. Excessive costs of warranty, fuelled by lawyers who work

for contingency fees

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"A Lesser Category of Obstacles" includes:--

1. Neglecting long-range planning2. Relying on technology to solve problems3. Seeking examples to follow rather than developing solutions4. Reliance on quality control departments rather than management,

supervisors, managers of purchasing, and production workers

5. Placing blame on workforces who are only responsible for 15% of mistakes where the system designed by management is responsible for85% of the unintended consequences

6. Relying on quality inspection rather than improving product quality

Deming's advocacy of all of the above have had tremendous influenceoutside of manufacturing and have been applied in other arenas, such as inthe relatively new field of sales process engineering.

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Thank You

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