DELHI AND ITS LANDMARKS

Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT) that includes the Indian capital;

Delhi is a city that bridges two different worlds. Old Delhi, once the capital of Islamic India, is a

labyrinth of narrow lanes lined with crumbling havelis and formidable mosques. In contrast, the

imperial city of New Delhi created by the British Raj is composed of spacious, tree-lined

avenues and imposing government buildings

RED FORT:

The Red Fort is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Old Delhi, attracting thousands of

visitors every year. It also happens to be the largest monument in Old Delhi. The Red Fort is a

17th century fort complex constructed by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in the walled city of

Old Delhi (in present day Delhi, India) that served as the residence of the Mughal Emperors. The

Red sandstone walls of the massive Red Fort (Lal Qila) rise 33-m above the clamour of Old

Delhi as a reminder of the magnificent power and pomp of the Mughal emperors.

The main gate, Lahore Gate, is one of the emotional and symbolic focal points of the modern

Indian nation and attracts a major crowd on each Independence Day. The vaulted arcade of

Chatta Chowk, a bazaar selling tourist trinkets, leads into the huge fort compound. Inside is a

veritable treasure trove of buildings, including the Drum House, the Hall of Public Audiences,

the white marble Hall of Private Audiences, the Pearl Mosque, Royal Baths and Palace of Color.

Fig: Red fort

LOTUS TEMPLE:

The Bahá'í House of Worship in New Delhi, India, popularly known as the Lotus Temple

because of its flowerlike shape, is a Bahá'í House of Worship and also a prominent attraction in

Delhi. It was completed in 1986 and serves as the Mother Temple of the Indian subcontinent. It

has won numerous architectural awards and been featured in hundreds of newspaper and

magazine articles.

Inspired by the lotus flower, the design for the House of Worship in New Delhi is composed of

27 free-standing marble clad "petals" arranged in clusters of three to form nine sides.The nine

doors of the Lotus Temple open onto a central hall slightly more than 40 meters tall that is

capable of holding up to 2,500 people. The surface of the House of Worship is made of white

marble from Penteli mountain in Greece, the very same from which many ancient monuments

and other Bahá'í Houses of Worship are built. Along with its nine surrounding ponds and the

gardens, the Lotus Temple property comprises 26 acres

Fig: lotus temple

QUTUB MINAR:

Qutub Minar is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Delhi, India. The Qutub Minar was

constructed with red sandstone and marble, and is the tallest minaret in India,with a height of

72.5 meters (237.8 ft), contains 379 stairs to reach the top,[citation needed] and the diameter of

base is 14.3 meters whereas the last store is of 2.7 meters. The Construction was commenced by

Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1192 and completed by Iltutmish. It is surrounded by several other ancient

and medieval structures and ruins, collectively known as Qutub complex. Tradition assigns the

erection of the Pillar to Anang Pal, whose name it bears, with the date 1052 C.E. The minar is

made of fluted red sandstone covered with intricate carvings and verses from the Qur'an.

Numerous inscriptions in Parso-Arabic and Nagari characters in different places of the Minar

reveal the history of Qutb.

The nearby Iron Pillar is one of the world's foremost metallurgical curiosities, standing in the

famous Qutub complex

Fig: Qutub Minar

AKSHARDHAM TEMPLE:

Swaminarayan Akshardham reflects the essence and magnitude of India's ancient architecture,

traditions and timeless spirituality.

The main monument, depicting ancient Indian "vastu shastra" and architecture, is a marvel in

pink sandstone and white marble that is 141 feet high, 316 feet wide and 370 feet long with 234

ornate pillars, over 20,000 sculptures and statues of deities, eleven 72-foot-high huge domes

(mandapams) and decorative arches. And like a necklace, a double-storied parikrama of red

sandstone encircles the monuments with over 155 small domes and 1,160 pillars. The whole

monument rises on the shoulders of 148 huge elephants with 11-feet tall panchdhatu statue of

Swaminarayan presiding over the structure.

At the heart of the complex is a palace-like monument built of at least 12,000 tons of pink

sandstone and white marble brought in from Rajasthan. Topped with a series of domes, it stands

129 feet high, 275 feet wide and 315 feet long. Almost every square inch of the exterior has been

exquisitely carved with statues and motifs of Hindu deities and Indian flora and fauna.

Fig: Akshardham Temple

INDIA GATE:

At the centre of New Delhi stands the 42 m high India Gate, an "Arc-de-Triomphe" like archway

in the middle of a crossroad. Almost similar to its French counterpart, it commemorates the

70,000 Indian soldiers who lost their lives fighting for the British Army during the World War I.

The memorial bears the names of more than 13,516 British and Indian soldiers killed in the

Northwestern Frontier in the Afghan war of 1919.

The foundation stone of India Gate was laid by His Royal Highness, the Duke of Connaught in

1921 and it was designed by Edwin Lutyens. The monument was dedicated to the nation 10

years later by the then Viceroy, Lord Irwin. Another memorial, Amar Jawan Jyoti was added

much later, after India got its independence. The eternal flame burns day and night under the

arch to remind the nation of soldiers who laid down their lives in the Indo-Pakistan War of

December 1971.

During nightfall, India Gate is dramatically floodlit while the fountains nearby make a lovely

display with coloured lights. India Gate stands at one end of Rajpath, and the area surrounding it

is generally referred to as 'India Gate'.

Fig: India Gate

JANTAR MANTAR:

Jantar Mantar (Yantra - instruments, mantra - formulae) was constrcted in 1724. Maharaja Jai

Singh of Jaipur who built this observatory went on to build other observatories in Ujjain ,

Varanasi and Mathura. Jai Singh had found the existing astronomical instruments too small to

take correct measurements and so he built these larger and more accurate instruments.

The instruments at Jantar Mantar are fascinating for their ingenuity, but accurate observations

can no longer be made from here because of the tall buildings around.

Fig: Jantar Mantar