W A T E R F R O N T C U L T U R E A N D H E R I T A G E I N F R A S T R U C T U R E P L A N

DEFINING THE PUBLIC REALM

PREPARED FOR THE CULTURE DIVISION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, CULTURE AND TOURISM DEPARTMENT, CITY OF TORONTO

BY ERA ARCHITECTS INC. AND URBAN INTELLIGENCE

PART II - EAST AND WEST WATERFRONT

2003

In 2002 Toronto City Council adopted the Culture Division’s report,Canada’s Urban Waterfront. This plan was limited to the central coreand was undertaken in conjunction with other major waterfrontstudies. In adopting Canada’s Urban Waterfront report, CityCouncil authorized its completion by examining the rest of thewaterfront – all 46 kilometers from Long Branch to the RougeValley - in this second report.

The initial plan presented a waterfront vision centered on culturalresources and showcased Toronto as an imaginative and creativemodel of civic identity for urban Canada. This plan, entitledDefining the Public Realm, continues that approach of a culturallaboratory for research into the creative city – the city founded onthe cornerstones of its culture and heritage.

Defining the Public Realm plan is intended to complement initiativesunderway, to highlight community interests and concerns and toraise our combined understanding of the complex cultural landscapewe inhabit. Like the initial plan it provides a framework forenvisioning the opportunities for cultural initiatives available onToronto’s immense waterfront.

Toronto, since its amalgamation five years ago, is still formulating itsbroader identity, and this waterfront plan assists by bringingtogether ideas of our shared experiences, our cultural memory, and avision of a truly great waterfront city.

Rita DaviesExecutive Director,Culture Division

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INTRODUCTION PAGE 3

LARGER CONTEXT PAGE 5

GOALS AND VISION PAGE 7

PRINCIPLES PAGE 9

CULTURE AND HERITAGE INFRASTRUCTURE GRID PAGE 11

THE URBAN SPINE AND WATER’S EDGE PAGE 14

CULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES PAGE 18

NATURAL CORRIDORS AND BIRTHPLACES PAGE 24

WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES PAGE 28

CULTURAL FACILITIES PAGE 32

NEXT STEPS PAGE 34

GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS PAGE 35

METHODOLOGY PAGE 37

APPENDICES PAGE 39

CREDITS PAGE 42

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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This plan extends the exploration of the culture and heritage of Toronto’s waterfront initiated by Canada’s Urban Waterfront – a waterfront culture

and heritage infrastructure plan (www.city.toronto.on.ca/culture/waterfront_plan.htm) The initial plan highlighted the diversity of the central

waterfront and brought forward an infrastructure framework based on two significant concepts:

Cultural Corridors – Canada’s Urban Waterfront defined new ways to connect the centre of the city to the water’s edge, called Cultural Corridors.

Starting from the commonly held notion that the central core of the city was disconnected from its waterfront, the plan defined cultural corridors

that demonstrated the potential for a reconnection. The plan used cultural and heritage resources to overcome perceived barriers and knit the

waterfront back into the fabric of the city.

Cultural Opportunities – Canada’s Urban Waterfront illustrated the concept of a waterfront that is already amazingly rich and complex by

identifying twelve major cultural and heritage resource areas, called Cultural Opportunities. This concept focused on the unique sense of place

and the deeply embedded history that is part of Toronto’s central waterfront.

This report adds two additional concepts to the framework of the infrastructure plan:

Waterfront Communities – In the immense variety of Toronto’s waterfront, recognition is given to the character of the stable neighborhoods and

former villages which line the water’s edge and create unique areas of activity. The waterfront plan must balance the needs of these local

communities for cultural and recreational development with larger city-wide attractions and initiatives.

The Urban Spine – With Lake Shore Boulevard in the west to Kingston Road in the east, Toronto’s waterfront has two heritage routes that link

together the communities and a series of public parks and open spaces. Seen as an Urban Spine these routes are the catalyst for connecting the

former municipalities of Toronto, Scarborough and Etobicoke together as a seamless urban waterfront.

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INTRODUCTION

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In November 1999, the three levels of government announced a

bold new vision to revitalize Toronto’s 46-kilometer waterfront. As

part of this announcement, a jointly-funded Task Force was formed

to report on the implementation costs, investment, timing, and

assets and opportunities for government and private sector

involvement. In December 2000, the Waterfront Revitalization

Intergovernmental Steering Committee commissioned a number of

studies to analyze and refine the vision. Canada’s Urban Waterfront –

a waterfront culture and heritage infrastructure plan was one of those

studies.

To relate to the City’s Secondary planning exercise for the Central

Waterfront, the focus of Canada’s Urban Waterfront plan remained

within the central waterfront area. The central waterfront is,

however, just one part of a much larger waterfront and a much

larger city with a range of diverse cultural and heritage resources

stretching from Etobicoke to Scarborough.

To fully explore the City’s waterfront vision, it was recommended

that studies be commissioned to look at the many cultural and

heritage opportunities along the entire waterfront. The cultural

landscapes of the Humber, the Rouge, the Scarborough Bluffs,

High Park and the rich heritage of the Guild Inn, the Lakeshore

Assembly Hall site, and the more than 20 communities along

Toronto’s waterfront are all important elements of Canada’s urban

waterfront. This plan, Defining the Public Realm, is the follow-up

study commissioned by the Culture Division of the Economic

Development, Culture and Tourism Department at the City of

Toronto.

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LARGER CONTEXT

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B O Y S E X P L O R I N G WAT E R ’ S E D G E AT S U N N Y S I D E , 1 9 2 8

A VISION FOR THE WATERFRONTCanada’s Urban Waterfront developed a vision for a revitalizedwaterfront that is reiterated here and is maintained as a corecomponent of this plan.

The three elements of the vision set out in this Plan are:

Our vision of a revitalized waterfront includes all the diversityof Toronto’s urban life and showcases Toronto as animaginative and creative model of civic identity for 21stcentury urban Canada.

Protect, enhance and promote the natural, cultural andheritage resources of Toronto’s waterfront;

Establish a strong visual identity for the entire 46-kilometer waterfront; and

Promote and enhance cultural activity and public life on thewaterfront.

GOALS AND VISION

GOALS OF THE PLANThe goals of the Waterfront Culture and HeritageInfrastructure Plans are to:

Create a distinctive framework through which to visualizethe cultural landscape of Toronto’s waterfront;

Identify some of the important places in the culturallandscape that are strategic cultural and heritage resources;

Articulate a cultural and heritage vision for the waterfrontand establish the principles, objectives and opportunities forculturally conscious development; and

Make general recommendations and suggest specific nextsteps to advance efforts to achieve the vision set out in thisreport.

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A VISION TO IMPROVE THE PUBLIC REALM AND STRENGTHEN THE URBAN SPINE AT KINGSTON ROADTHE CITY OF TORONTO’S REURBANIZING OF ARTERIAL CORRIDORS

PRINCIPLESCreative reuse and integration of existing facilities andresources should be integral to any redevelopment of thewaterfront. The revitalization of what we already have isimportant, including extending the life of buildings andseeking adaptive, creative new uses for existing structuresand facilities. An excellent example of creative reuse is theLakeshore Assembly Hall.

COMMUNITY VISIONIn the east and west waterfronts, it is important to recognizethe waterfront communities as stable, long-standingresidential neighborhoods whose community needs must bemeasured with other civic interests. Cultural and heritagefacilities should have commercial and community attractionsand both the waterfront communities and culturalcommunities need to be involved in planning the cultural lifeof the waterfront. This approach should be built intowaterfront revitalization from the beginning.

CREATIVE REUSE

YEAR ROUND ACTIVITY

CULTURAL DIVERSITY

It is important to attract visitors and sustain activities allyear round on the waterfront. Open space should encouragewinter uses and interior public spaces should be designed tosupport cultural and artistic programming that builds ontheir unique waterfront setting.

It is important to recognize and promote social inclusion andcultural diversity. The development of the waterfront culturalzones should be based on wide public debate, partnershipsand collaboration with all of Toronto’s communities.

THE PUBLIC REALMIn the east and west waterfronts, it is important to balancethe needs of the waterfront communities as residentialneighborhoods with the desire for larger public attractions.Clear definition of the public realm is essential. Cultureand heritage assets must be accessible to people of allincomes and abilities. Maintain distinct areas that lookdifferent and function differently. Maintain opportunitiesfor a wide range of cultural and artist ic expression.Development on the waterfront must seek to preserve andprotect the public realm.

TELL STORIESThe waterfront should be a place of learning, reflection,commemoration and celebration. The landscape of thewaterfront has enormous storytelling power when connected tothemes of aboriginal heritage, settlement, immigration, industrialdevelopment, ecosystem erosion and renewal, entertainment,sports history and international friendship.

INCREMENTAL GROWTHThe cultural life of the waterfront needs to be builtincrementally, and recognize the strengths of Toronto’scultural system. The addition of any major cultural institutionto the waterfront should begin by first building its communitybase. No activity on the waterfront should weaken Toronto’scitywide cultural and heritage infrastructure.

SMART GROWTHRecognize culture and heritage as key elements of smartgrowth and as integral elements in the creation andpreservation of a sense of place and a unique identity forthe waterfront.

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CULTURAL CORRIDORS AND THE URBAN SPINE

CULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES

NATURAL HERITAGE CORRIDORS

WATER’S EDGE

MARTIN GOODMAN TRAIL

LAKE ONTARIO WATERFRONT TRAIL

BIRTHPLACES

WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES

CULTURE AND HERITAGE INFRASTRUCTURE GRID

The Waterfront Cultural and Heritage Infrastructure Plansare built around an armature of cultural and heritagecorridors. In the initial report, Canada’s Urban Waterfront,there were five north south corridors, two of whichreferenced natural heritage features of the cultural landscape,the Don River and Garrison Creek while the other three werecity streets John Street, Yonge Street and Jarvis Streetreferencing specific cultural themes. Subsequently,Parliament Street was added.

Two east west corridors referenced different natural heritageaspects of Toronto’s position on the shore, the northern mostcorridor roughly corresponded to the existing Esplanade andFront Street and referenced Toronto’s original lakefront. Thesouthern corridor articulated the present day water’s edge.

Each of these corridors linked the waterfront to importantcultural and heritage resources and communities beyond thecentral waterfront.

In the present study additional cultural opportunities andnatural corridors have been added to the grid. Mostsignificantly two new major components have beenintroduced:

The Urban Spine: the linking of the two heritage routes,Lake Shore Boulevard and Kingston Road, as the bridge forstrengthening the public realm and bringing the citytogether.

Waterfront Communities: In the immense variety of Toronto’swaterfront, recognition is given to the character of the stableneighborhoods and former villages which line the water’s edgeand create unique areas of activity.

This plan delineates the potential for the improvement andenhancement of the public realm on the waterfront. Thispotential public realm is more than the water's edge, and consistsof the complex network of cultural opportunities and distinctwaterfront communities connected by an urban matrix. Itrepresents the new image of Toronto's full waterfront.

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LOOKING NORTH FROM SCARBOROUGH BLUFFS, CLIFFSIDE AREA, TOWARDS KINGSTON ROAD, 1962.

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BETWEEN THE WATER’S EDGE AND LAKE SHORE BOULEVARD TOWARDS THE WEST TO HUMBER BAY PARK

THE URBAN SPINE AND WATER’S EDGE

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THE URBAN SPINE -LAKE SHORE BOULEVARD/KINGSTON ROAD CORRIDOR

The Lake Shore Boulevard/Kingston Road corridor brings togetherthe east, central and west waterfronts. Defining these two arterialroads as a contiguous route that runs parallel to Toronto’s waterfrontopens up a multitude of opportunities to promote and celebrate thediversity of communities that populate the 46-kilometer route.

The Lake Shore Boulevard/Kingston Road corridor bridges betweenformer jurisdictions to provide a unified sense of one contiguouswaterfront for Toronto.

In the east and west Lake Shore Boulevard and Kingston Road canbe strengthened as areas for cultural activity, serving both the localwaterfront communities and providing attractions for the largerpublic. They can provide public transit access to the open spaces andcultural opportunities that are available along the waterfront while, inmany cases, reducing the potential conflict between the needs of thestable waterfront communities and desire for increased access to thewater’s edge for all. They can be linked to the series of waterfronttrails and paths that follow the water’s edge and within the centralcore Lake Shore Boulevard could be seen not as a commuter routebut as an urban boulevard, allowing transit and access all along thewaterfront.

As historic routes both Lake Shore Boulevard and Kingston Roadcan tell the important story of Toronto’s past and its on-goingevolution. They can landmark the former villages that dotted thewaterfront and highlight the initial places of settlement as the city’sbirthplaces.

FIG. 2 SUITE ENTRANCES TO MOTEL ON LAKE SHORE BOULEVARD’S MOTEL STRIP

FIG. 3 SEAGULLS ON A BEACH IN ETOBICOKE

FIG. 4 “IN THE WAY OF PROGRESS”, MURAL ART ON KINGSTON ROAD

FIG. 5 WATER’S EDGE AT CATHEDRAL’S BLUFFS

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THE URBAN SPINE AND WATER’S EDGE

LAKE SHORE BOULELVARD

KINGSTON ROAD

BOARDWALK AT SCARBORO’ BEACH AMUSEMENT PARK, CIRCA 1910

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AERIAL PHOTO OF ETOBICOKE’S HUMBER BAY PARK AT THE MOUTH OF MIMICO CREEK

CULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES

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CULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES ALONG THE URBAN SPINE

In the initial report, Canada’s Urban Waterfront, a number of culturallyimportant places were identified that represented uniqueopportunities to build on and strengthen the culture and heritageinfrastructure of the waterfront. They were:

Exhibition Place, Ontario Place, Fort York, Bathurst Quay,Harbourfront Centre, John Street Roundhouse, Union Station, Footof Yonge Street, Foot of Jarvis Street, Gooderham and Worts andThe Distillery, the First Parliament Site, the Portlands, and theToronto Islands.

This list of culturally important places has been greatly enlarged toinclude significant public open space on the waterfront in the east andwest areas of the city which can be accessed from the Urban Spine,Lake Shore Boulevard/Kingston Road Corridor, thus defining thewaterfront’s public realm:

Marie Curtis Park, The Assembly Hall, Humber Bay Park, WestHumber Parkland, High Park, Sunnyside, Western Beaches AquaticClubs, Tommy Thompson Park, Ashbridge’s Bay Park, GreenwoodPark, Woodbine Beach Park, Kew Gardens Park, Balmy Beach,Birchmount Park, Rosetta McClain Gardens, Cathedral Bluffs Park,Bluffer’s Park, Guildwood Park and The Guild, East Point Park, PortUnion and Rouge Beach Park.

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FIG. 6 COLBORNE lODGE, 1912 FIG. 7 THE HIGHLANDER’S MARCHING BAND AT GUILDDAY 2001

FIG. 8 GRENADIER POND IN HIGH PARK C. 1910 FIG. 9 CYCLISTS ALONG KINGSTON ROAD

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CULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES

There are five types of opportunities for cultural and heritagedevelopment that ought to be encouraged in the revitalizedwaterfront. Private development and public sector projectsought to be designed to:

Strengthen waterfront identity through a coherent visualidentity program incorporating public art and interpretiveresources;

Create cultural and heritage destinations on a variety ofscales in order to welcome Canadians and the people fromaround the world to Toronto;

Strengthen the connections between the waterfront and thecity through historically and /or culturally significantcorridors;

Support artistic and cultural expression in new buildings,new infrastructure, in urban ecological processes and ingreen and open spaces; and

Create public spaces for people to gather and interact,express themselves, for celebration, learning, discovery andremembrance.

A creative visual identity program, including wayfindingand signage, and heritage interpretation plan that tellsToronto’s story and provides visible connections andgateways to the waterfront from all the waterfrontneighborhoods;

Improving public transit and enhancing pedestrian accessalong the Urban Spine;

Public art competitions to design creative waterworks andother art forms as part of the City’s storm watermanagement initiatives.

Live/work affordable housing for artists; and

The rebirth of existing but underutilized cultural facilitiesand new facilities along the urban spine.

Celebration of the waterfront gateway function of LakeShore Boulevard/Kingston Road corridor throughdevelopment applications, re-development initiatives,streetscape improvements, new signage, public art andfestivals.

Develop a continuous waterfront trail from Marie CurtisPark to Rouge Beach Park using Lake Shore Boulevard/Kingston Road corridor, the Urban Spine, where water’sedge access is neither feasible nor practical.

Some specific examples of opportunities that could beincorporated into the revitalized waterfront are:

CYCLING ON LAKESHORE ROAD AT MIMICO CREEK, C. 1907

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AERIAL VIEW OF THE MIMICO CREEK BRIDGE

NATURAL CORRIDORS AND BIRTHPLACES

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NATURAL CORRIDORS AND BIRTHPLACES

In addition to the two cultural landscape corridors which wereidentified in Canada’s Urban Waterfront, there are several significantrivers in the east and west areas of the waterfront. They are keypoints of intersection between the city and its waterfront that form akey role in the ecology of the city and its watersheds. These naturalcorridors bring the fascination with water up from the lakefront intothe city, through neighborhoods, streets and parks making theconnection of Toronto to its waterfront obvious and inevitable.

They represent the natural environment in an urban setting andunderscore a balance that is essential for the establishment of a senseof place. Many of these natural corridors have helped to define,redefine and shape the City’s evolution throughout the past 200 yearsof European settlement and even much earlier with the centuries ofaboriginal settlement. Many of initial places of settlement werestrategically located within or near these corridors – the largest of theaboriginal settlements like Teiaiagon on the Humber orGanatsekwyagon on the Rouge, the earliest French settlements at themouth of the Humber, or the English settlements near the mouth ofthe Don. The Humber River has been designated as a CanadianHeritage River.

Most of the natural corridors, like the majority of the 46 kilometers ofToronto’s waterfront, are publicly owned. Much of the contiguousshoreline is also public but in many cases a straightforward linkingalong this shoreline is not possible. The water’s edge and the LakeShore Boulevard/Kingston Road corridor can work together howeverto provide a distinct public realm, a strategy for public access withreference points for defining the City’s cultural and heritageopportunities on the waterfront, its places for recreation andattraction, its places for celebration, its places for ecological renewaland its places for protection of waterfront communities.

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FIG. 10 CONTEMPORARY VIEW OF THE ROUGE VALLEY

FIG. 11 PEOPLE GATHERING ALONG THE HUMBER RIVER

FIG. 12 ENLARGEMENT FROM EARLY FRENCH MAP 1657FIG. 13

FIG.14 BRIDGE OVER HUMBER RIVER

FIG. 15 ENLARGEMENT FROM EARLY FRENCH MAP 1657

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ABORIGINAL SETTLEMENT: TEIAIAGON AND GANATSEKWYAGON

18 TH CENTURY FRENCH TRADE: ROUSSEAU’S HOUSE AND FORT ROUILLE

18 TH CENTURY ENGLISH SETTLEMENT: FORT YORK, OLD TOWN OF YORK AND FIRST PARILAMENT SITE

PRIVATE HOMES AT WOODBINE BEACH IN THE 1860’S

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WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES

CONTEMPORARY VIEW ACROSS MIMICO TOWARDS HUMBERBAY PARK

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WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES

Toronto’s waterfront comprises more than 20 distinct residentialcommunities. In many cases, these communities were initiallyestablished as separate geopolitical districts that over time have beensubsumed into what is now known as the City of Toronto. Others,particularly those east of Victoria Park, assumed names that reflectthe respective community’s connection with the waterfront or thelocal topography i.e. Cliffside, Birchcliff, The Bluffs, GuildwoodVillage. Many of these smaller communities, now referred to asneighborhoods, use festivals and other cultural events to helpcelebrate and preserve the local community’s character.

Waterfront communities play a unique role in the life of thewaterfront. Unlike public open spaces or the public attractions thatdraw crowds for play and recreation, the waterfront communities, asstable residential areas, have a level of containment and a need forprivacy – the need to not be overrun. They create areas of interestand diversity on the waterfront. Most waterfront communitiesrepresent older villages or settlements and each tells a different story.

In developing and nurturing the cultural and heritage resources ofToronto’s waterfront it is necessary to balance public needs – those ofthe local residential communities and those of the larger public - andto define a public realm for interaction and activity that benefits all.

FIG. 17 FIG. 18

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FIG. 16 PARKDALE WATERFRONT LANDUSES AND FEATURES OF THE 1890’SFIG. 17 A HAPPY COUPLE FROM YEARS GONE BY

FIG. 18 SNOWMAN IN GUILDWOOD VILLAGE, WINTER 2000FIG. 19 COLLAGE OF COMMUNITIES SURROUNDING HIGH PARK

FIG. 20 ABOARD THE FREE BATHING FERRY "ELSIE”, 1917FIG.21 GUILDWOOD VILLAGE COMMUNITY BUILT IN THE LATE 1950’S

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WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES

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WEST TO EASTLONG BRANCH - LIBRARY ST. AGNES - LONG BRANCH HUMBER COLLEGE THE ASSEMBLY HALL

NEW TORONTO BRANCH - LIBRARY ST. MARGARET - NEW TORONTO MIMICO LIBRARY THEATRE

MIMICO BRANCH - LIBRARY LAKE SHORE STUDIOS UKRAINIAN ACADEMY OF DANCE

SWANSEA COMMUNITY RECREATION CENTRE VILLAGE PLAYHOUSE - BACKSPACE UKRAINIAN CANADIAN ART

FOUNDATION HIGH PARK COLBORNE LODGE HIGH PARK AMPHITHEATRE

HOLY FAMILY COMMUNITY CENTRE PARKDALE ARTS AND CULTURAL CENTRE - GALLERY 1313 WEST WING ART SPACE

V. MACDONNELL GALLERY MASARYK-COWAN COMMUNITY RECREATION CENTRE PARKDALE LIBRARY - AUDITORIUM

EXHIBITION PLACE LIBERTY GRAND MEDIEVAL TIMES QUEEN ELIZABETH THEATRE NATIONAL TRADE CENTRE

STANLEY BARRACKS 60 ATLANTIC AVENUE CANADIAN FILM DISTRIBUTION CENTRE ONTARIO PLACE

ATLANTIS THEATRE CINESPHERE MOLSON AMPITHEATRE FORT YORK ST. ANDREW'S-BY-THE-LAKE CHURCH

ARCADIA HOUSING CO-OP AND GALLERY COFTM TORONTO MUSIC GARDEN WALTER CARSEN CENTRE

HARBOUR GALLERY GIBRALTER POINT CENTRE FOR THE ARTS S K Y D O M E

JOHN STREET ROUNDHOUSE AKA CP ROUND HOUSE STEAM WHISTLE BREWING HARBOURFRONT CENTRE

BRIGANTINE ROOM MOLSON PLACE LAKESIDE TERRACE STUDIO THEATRE YORK QUAY GALLERY

PREMIERE DANCE THEATRE POWER PLANT DU MAURIER THEATRE TORONTO STAR HARRIS INNUIT

ST. LAWRENCE MARKET MARKET GALLERY CINESPACE LORRAINE KIMSA THEATRE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE

NATHAN COHEN STUDIO SUSAN DOUGLAS RUBES THEATRE BERKELEY STREET

BERKELEY STREET THEATRE DOWNSTAIRS BERKELEY STREET THEATRE UPSTAIRS CANADIAN OPERA COMPANY

IMPERIAL OIL OPERA THEATRE JACKMAN STUDIO ENOCH TURNER SCHOOLHOUSE

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WATERFRONT CULTURAL FACILITIESFIFTH STREET GALLERY AND STUDIO GEORGE BROWN COLLEGE - KING STREET CAMPUS

ST. LAWRENCE COMMUNITY RECREATION CENTRE ELEVATOR GOODERHAM AND WORTS - THE DISTILLERY

DISTRICT RIVERSIDE GALLERY FREEDOM STUDIOS INC. JIMMIE SIMPSON RECREATION CENTRE

GALLERY 888 - THE ELIZABETH RUSS GALLERY APPLAUSE ALEPH NULL RALPH THORNTON CENTRE

OPERA HOUSE CELTIC DANCE CENTRE GALLERY ONE 2 ONE ST JOSEPH PARISH HALL CINEVILLAGE

TORONTO FILM STUDIOS MAPLE LEAF COTTAGE FIRE DEPARTMENT - MUSEUM KHROME GALLERY

S.H. ARMSTRONG COMMUNITY RECREATION CENTRE BELLEFAIR UNITED CHURCH BEACHES RECREATION CENTRE

BALMY BEACH R.C. HARRIS FILTRATION PLANT JUTEN TAYLOR MEMORIAL LIBRARY

BIRCH CLIFF UNITED CHURCH WON STUDIO BIRCHMOUNT PARK COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE

BIRCHMOUNT COMMUNITY CENTRE BLUFFS GALLERY HARRISON ESTATE ROSETTA MCCLAIN GARDENS

CLIFFCREST COMMUNITY CENTRE STAGE DOOR THEATRE CLIFFCREST UNITED CHURCH

OASSIS PLACE - BANQUET HALL SCARBOROUGH VILLAGE THEATRE MOMIJI CENTRE MASARYK MEMORIAL

INSTITUTE INC. - CZECH AND SLOVAK CULTURAL CENTRE SIR WILFRID LAURIER COLLEGIATE

INSTITUTE CEDAR RIDGE CREATIVE CENTRE MAIN BUILDING THE GUILD

GUILD 191 STUDIO GUILD COTTAGE/STUDIO GUILD GARDENS THE GUILD INN

MORNINGSIDE LIBRARY ST. ANNE'S ORTHODOX UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO -SCARBOROUGH CAMPUS

LEIGHA LEE BROWN THEATRE THE GALLERY WEST HILL UNITED CHURCH HERON PARK

HIGH LAND CREEK BRANCH ST. JOSEPH'S CHURCH - HIGHLAND CREEK MORRISH STORE

TALL PINES PORT UNION BRANCH - LIBRARY PORT UNION COMMUNITY CENTRE WEST ROUGE

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CULTURAL FACILITIES ALONG THE URBAN SPINE

Existing cultural facilities are the tangible representation of Toronto’slevel of support for serving the cultural needs of its citizens. Thecultural facilities that populate Toronto’s waterfront have a multitudeof purposes and they can be grouped into four different categories.

Showcase facilities – cultural facilities that function as key touristdestinations and attractions – these are primarily located in thecentral waterfront area.

Cultural Hubs – cultural facilities that tend to be community drivenand nurture cultural activities at the local level – many are located inthe west and east sections of the waterfront.

Incubators – cultural facilities that provide support for the artists ofthe city – they are rare along the waterfront. The noted exception inthis regard is the Gibraltar Point Centre for the Arts on the TorontoIsland.

Cultural Memory Sites – facilities and/or sites that provide supportfor culture as a heritage resource – they are spread along thewaterfront and include The Assembly Hall and the Guild.

Many cultural facilities lie in proximity to the Lake ShoreBoulevard/Kingston Road Corridor. Rarely are they perceived ashaving this connection; the potential to be aligned along thewaterfront, or the potential for bridging between communities withinthe recently amalgamated city.

FIG. 22FIG. 23

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FIG. 22 THE ASSEMBLY HALL

FIG. 23 SUNNYSIDE BATHING PAVILION

FIG. 24 GREEK AMPHITHEATRE AT THE GUILD INN

FIG. 25 “SOLCTICE” AT THE GUILD INN

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WATERFRONT CULTURAL FACILITIES .

CULTURAL FACILITIES

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NEXT STEPSTHE IMMEDIATE NEXT STEPS. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT:

1. THIS REPORT BE FORWARDED TO THE CITY’S WATERFRONT REFERENCE GROUP.

2. THIS REPORT BE FOWARDED TO THE TORONTO WATERFRONT REVITALIZATATION CORPORATION FOR INFORMATION.

3. THIS REPORT BE CIRCULATED TO THE WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES AND TO THE EXISTING CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS ALONG THEEAST AND WEST WATERTFRONTS TO EXPLORE THE POTENTIAL FOR PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PARTNERSHIPS WHICH WILL STRENGTHENTHE IDENTIFIED CULTURAL AND HERITAGE INFRASTRUCTURE.

4. THIS REPORT BE CIRCULATED TO OTHER MUNICIPAL DEPARTMENTS TO SUPPORT THE INITIATIVES DIRECTED AT REURBANIZINGTHE LAKE SHORE BOULEVARD AND KINGSTON ROAD ARTERIAL CORRIDORS AND INVESTING IN THE URBAN SPINE.

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THE FOLLOWING RECOMMENDATIONS OFFER A FRAMEWORK FOR WATERFRONT PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN BY ANY PRIVATE OR PUBLICSECTOR ENTITY.

1. THE CITY OF TORONTO SHOULD WORK WITH OTHER LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT AND WITH PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN THEDEVELOPMENT OF THE URBAN SPINE AND THE CULTURAL CORRIDORS AND CULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES IDENTIFIED IN THIS REPORT.

2. THE WATERFRONT SHOULD CONSIST OF A WIDE AND DIVERSE RANGE OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR TOURISTS AND RESIDENTS TO EXPERIENCE

CULTURE, HERITAGE AND ENTERTAINMENT THROUGH A NETWORK OF PERFORMANCE SPACES, GATHERING PLACES AND CULTURAL LANDMARKS.

3. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE RESOURCES AND PARTNERSHIPS SHOULD BE COMMITTED TO HIGHLIGHT TORONTO’S UNIQUE PAST AND ITS

CONTRIBUTION TO CANADIAN HERITAGE. THE WATERFRONT IS THE BASIS FOR UNDERSTANDING OUR PAST, TELLING THE STORIES OF OUR

DIVERSE CULTURAL COMMUNITIES AND THE SOCIAL COHESION IN TORONTO THAT HAS CREATED A NATIONAL MODEL OF CIVIC IDENTITY

FOR 21ST CENTURY URBAN CANADA.

4. A COMPREHENSIVE HERITAGE INTERPRETATION PLAN SHOULD PROMOTE TORONTO’S UNIQUE SOCIAL COHESION AND FOSTER AN

UNDERSTANDING OF CANADA’S DIVERSE CULTURAL COMMUNITIES, INCLUDING THEIR SHARED HERITAGE FROM ABORIGINAL TIMES

THROUGH SUCCESSIVE WAVES OF NEWCOMERS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO TORONTO’S CULTURAL LIFE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.

5. RECOGNIZED HERITAGE PROPERTIES, CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND POTENTIAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES SHOULD BE IDENTIFIED

AND MANAGED AS IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF WATERFRONT REVITALIZATION. THE CITY OF TORONTO SHOULD IMPLEMENT A FULL MENU

OF INCENTIVES TO ENCOURAGE PRIVATE SECTOR STEWARDS OF HERITAGE PROPERTIES TO MAINTAIN AND CONSERVE THEM.

6. THE CITY OF TORONTO SHOULD LEAD BY EXAMPLE TO FOSTER APPROPRIATE AND MORE EFFECTIVE USE OF HERITAGE RESOURCES

THROUGH THE RESPONSIBLE CONSERVATION AND MAINTENANCE, AND PRESENTATION OF PUBLICLY OWNED HERITAGE PROPERTIES ON THE

WATERFRONT.

7. THE UNIQUE ROLE OF THE WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES IN THE LIFE OF THE WATERFRONT NEEDS TO RECOGNIZED AND BALANCED IN

FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PUBLIC REALM.

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GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS

METHODOLOGY

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BOYS IN THE HUMBER RIVER AT LAMBTON BRIDGE C. 1911

APPENDIX I

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Workshop participants include: Thelma Amos, Lynne Atkinson,Ulana Baluk, Anne Bermonte, Karen Black, Anne Brokelman,M argaret Chan, Anne Christian, Rita Davies, Denise Dickin,PaulD’Aoust, S hirley Duffy, Marjut Dunker, Karin Eaton, PhilipEvans, Larry Field, Nancy Gaffney, Glenn Garwood, DeniseGendron, Karen Harris, Sean Harvey, John Hooiveld, Tod Hunter,Dorsey James, Irene Jones, Marsha Kelmans, Lynne Kurylo, Sai-Man Lam, Wendy Lilly, Mike Lipowski, David Leinster, LornaLivey, Doris McCarthy, Christine McCaw, Michael McClelland,Christine McIvor, Neil Melman, Donna Milovanovic, Ron Moeser,Wayne Morgan, Lionel Purcell, Tina Rasmussen, Wayne Reeves,Paul Ronan, Alex Semeniuk, John Stafford, Steven Stamatyades,Ted Tyndorf, Debbie Wagdin, Anthony Watanabe, Lin Whitman,and Gary Wright.

The Culture Division provided impetus for this report by holdingtwo waterfront workshops with the cultural and heritagecommunities. The workshops were held in the east and west ends ofthe city in the fall of 2002.

This report was developed following directly on the ideas, directionsand on-going work of the workshop participants. Draft versions ofthe report were presented to a staff committee in the CultureDivision for review and circulation. The consultant team also metwith stakeholders, including the workshop attendees and others.

The consultant team for the project included Anne Bermonte fromUrban Intelligence and from ERA Architects, Michael McClellandand Philip Evans.

The consultant team would like to thank all of the workshopparticipants and give special thanks to Karen Black and LynneKurylo from the Culture Division; Jeff Evenson, Executive VicePresident of the Canadian Urban Institute; Gary Wright and TedTyndorf from Urban Development Services, Glenn Garwood fromthe Culture Division and Wayne Reeves from the Parks andRecreation Division for their kind assistance.

WEST CHARRETTE: THE ASSEMBLY HALL

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Natural phenomenon such as Hurricane Hazel and planned changessuch as the reshaping of Etobicoke Creek to flow directly into LakeOntario have made major changes to the landscape abutting thewaterfront and the area’s natural corridors.Bringing together the two sides of the Humber River to create abetter sense of Humber Bay might be an opportunity in this exercise.Long Branch was a Summer Resort Community in the 1880’s.New Toronto, north of Lake Shore, has an industrial legacy.

Other focal points in the community that have been reinvented orreanimated include: the 1880’s Mimico Asylum which has beentransformed into Col. Sam Smith Park, the Lakeshore Assembly andHumber College.

Gary Wright, Urban Development Services:The western waterfront has experienced major residentialdevelopment over the past 10 years.A key planning principle of the redevelopment is the commitment toensure public access to the waterfront.A large tract of Etobicoke’s waterfront is privately owned.The challenge is to continue the waterfront trail west from MarinaDel Rey to Marie Curtis Park. This project is being managed by theToronto Regional Conservation Authority, which is negotiatingeasements with property owners.Under the new official plan Lake Shore Blvd is designated as anAvenue and therefore streetfront development will be mixed use withretail at grade and condos above.The streetcar line along Lake Shore is recognized as an asset. A keyissue, however, is the low usage of the line compared to other lines inthe City.

Notes from the West District Workshop held on December 4, 2002 atthe Lakeshore Assembly Hall, including notes from speakers andfrom the breakout groups.

Rita Davies, Economic Development, Culture and Tourism:Building on the waterfront infrastructure plan for the western portionof the City’s waterfront.South Etobicoke has a strong and rich waterfront heritage, thechallenges and opportunities along Toronto’s western waterfront aredifferent from the central and eastern waterfronts.The City, working with members of local communities, needs toexamine how to flow connections locally and across 46 kms ofwaterfront.

Michael McClelland, ERA Architects Inc.:Council adopted the central waterfront plan but also asked about thewestern and eastern parts of Toronto’s waterfront.Need to recognize and examine natural corridors (i.e. Humber River,Don River, Garrison Creek) and cultural corridors (i.e. John Streetand Yonge Street).Toronto’s waterfront is very diverse and contains a number ofopportunities including built sites such as the Assembly Hall site thatis city owned and other public held lands such as the port lands eastof the Don River.

Wayne Reeves, Economic Development, Culture and Tourism:Toronto’s western waterfront, particularly the Humber River, has astrong French and aboriginal history.Settlements along the waterfront have resulted in four key patterns ofchange: reshaping the environment, building communities, andcreating focal points, pathways and grids.In the west examples of reshaping the environment include thecreation of the breakwalls along the western beaches with are uniqueto Toronto’s waterfront.Threats to former residential and recreational uses of the waterfrontinclude access to transportation and new entertainment venues(Harbourfront and downtown).

APPENDIX II

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Glenn Garwood, Economic Development, Culture and Tourism:The Assembly Hall is an excellent example of the City’s commitmentto the reuse of city-owned facilities. The groundswell support fromthe community resulted in its preservation and re-adaptation into amulti-use community space. The area’s demographics, which includea high percentage of artists and arts supporters, helped to justify the$4.1 million investment spent on refurbishing the building. TheAssembly Hall is home to a number of arts groups includingLakeshore Arts and Arts Etobicoke and is intended to function as acommunity catalyst and resource.

Results from the Breakout Groups:Group 1: Extension of the waterfront trail is a priority.Limited access to Parking is a major issue for users of the AssemblyHall.Position Humber College as a cultural hub.Greater need for promotion, marketing and programming supportand resources.A disconnect exists between infrastructure and programming support(need resources to produce, present and promote local events).Coordination of local events is required.Need more family programming.Strengthen links with existing arts groups throughout the city i.e.Film Festival, Harbourfront.Need to breakdown the perception that the western waterfront isisolated and distant.Existing initiatives are threatened due to lack of infrastructure i.e. theSanta Clause Parade needs storage and warehouse space.Local retail businesses require support.How will new development of cultural facilities in other parts ofEtobicoke complement or detract from South Etobicoke (i.e. CentralEtobicoke Plan).Recognize, engage and celebrate local historical landmarks .Support for smaller developments and storefront developments.

Group 2: Area doesn’t contain Showcases or Incubator type facilities.Area is becoming a hub for new media activity.Need to market and promote the area.Focus on the diversity of the area’s demographics.Need more activities in City parks (i.e. arts programming).Connect north/south corridors with arts based projects.City to help with city owned incubators.Encourage greater involvement and support from local businesscommunity.Encourage partnerships with other groups outside the area to come tothe area (i.e. Music Toronto and LKTYP’s Theatre School).Examine how tax breaks can spur revitalization in the area.Convert the Power House into a family oriented 4 season use facility.

Group 3: The following were identified as the area’s strengths:Recognize the Humber River as a natural cultural and heritagecorridor (First Nations, French) and strengthen the trails.Consider developing the following into cultural corridors:Roncevalles, South Kingsway, Royal York, Kipling and Lake ShoreBlvd.Community cultural clusters include: Black Creek/York University,Franklin Carmichael Centre, Montgomery Inn, former Goodyearsite.Intersections: identify and promote views to the city and views from

the Gardiner Expressway.The following were identified as the area’s opportunities:Motel strip as a thriving film shoot area.Lake Shore Blvd as a common link or corridor through thecommunities.Break the silos in the community.Are there other links that can tie the waterfront together i.e. thewaterfront trail, bicycle lanes, wider sidewalks, bridges.

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EAST CHARRETTE: SCARBOROUGH CIVIC CENTRENotes from the East District Workshop held on December 10, 2002at the Scarborough Civic Centre, including notes from speakers andfrom the breakout groups.

Councilor Ron Moeser:Important to look at linkages such as Rouge River to Port UnionNeed to protect local heritage.Serves on board of Toronto Region Conservation AuthorityBalance heritage and linkages use (i.e. the Bluffs).Interested in developing a waterfront trail from the Rouge to thecentral waterfront.Discussed the Port Union development area where industrialbuildings are being readapted for a variety of uses including arts use.

Wayne Reeves, Economic Development, Culture and Tourism:Old Lake Iroquois existed in the southern part of the former City ofScarborough.Change is the result of the following:

Reshaping the environmentShaping communitiesCreating focal pointsCreation of pathways and grids

Bluffs are the highest point on Lake Ontario at 300 feet above lake level.Railway on Port Union has defined how individuals interact with the Lake.The Conservation Authority began new focal points in the 1970’sthrough its lakefilled parks.Bluffers Park and the grounds of the R.C. Harris Filtration Plant areexamples of focal points or community points of interest andintersection.Highland Creek and the Rouge River are natural focal points.The area also has conceptual barriers such as the change intopography from the flat beach at Victoria Park to the Bluffs.The grid system in Scarborough is oriented north/south blocks.A number of historical sites and buildings exist along the waterfrontas one moves from west to east: Hunt Club, St.. Augustine’sSeminary, Bluffers Park, Guild Inn, Port Union and the Rouge River.

The Beaches was a set of lake front communities that lay betweenWoodbine and Victoria Park.The grounds of the R.C. Harris Filtration Plant was always designedto be open to the public.Streetcar service existed along Kingston Road until 1906.Marine Heritage is an important part of the eastern waterfront –shipwrecks were common since no natural mooring exists along theBluffs.Guild Inn contains a collection of Historic Architecture.Bluffs end at East Point.Railways cut off waterfront in the far eastern area.

Ted Tyndorf from Urban Development Services:Discussed Kingston Road as the continuation of Lake Shore Blvd andas a connector road.Discussed that Kingston Road has been designated as an avenue inthe City’s Official Plan and as such is targeted for mixed usedevelopment.Would like to see streetcars reintroduced along Kingston Road.Very little opportunity for development along the waterfront becauseof the Bluffs. Low level areas, however, do provide redevelopment opportunities.Discussed the possibility of extending the waterfront trail east fromPort Union to the Rouge River and west to the Bluffs and beyond.Redevelopment activity in Port Union includes live/work space.

Glenn Garwood, Economic Development, Culture and Tourism:Guild Inn was built by Rosa and Spencer Clark who modeled it onthe Roycroft which was a hub for the arts and crafts movement.Spencer was a renaissance man with key contacts in the arts andscience.During the Depression Spencer invited artist friends to live in thecottages.During World War II the Guild Inn was requisitioned to serve as anarmy hospital.The 1950s boom displaced some of the arts activities and during.Spencer’s dying years, he sold it to TRCA who then sold it to MetroThe hotel on the property is at the end of its economic life.The City of Toronto has issued a tender for the redevelopment of thesite and for a commercial operator.

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APPENDIX IIIResults from the Breakout Groups:

Group 1: Strengths:Beauty of the Bluffs, the Guild, murals along Kingston RoadOpportunities:The walking trail from Guild Inn to Bluffers Park (consider namingit in honor of Doris McCarthy).August 4th Festival.Education Opportunities to engage Kingston Road Schools.Rebirth of the Guild Inn of All the Arts.Cedar Ridge and improving Transportation.Iraqi Kite Festival.Build on the existing event at the Guild Inn entitled Art Naturally atthe Guild.Draw on the various cultures that exist in the area.Find out about the families who live along the waterfront.Threats: Garbage and Cars especially in Bluffers Park.

Group 2: Strengths:Develop interpretative trails.Connect modes and sites along the waterfront.Identify and link the natural and built features along the waterfront.Increase promotion and look at promotion opportunities.Natural connection north along Rouge Park to the Zoo.Connection to U of T and Highland Creek.Celebrate the topography of the waterfront and the fact that theBluffs are the highest point on Lake Ontario.Public transportation and Go Stations are very important.Weaknesses:Neighborhoods developed via transit related initiatives which ignoresthe waterfront.Other connections from Highland Creek to Port Union.Lacking interpretative features (i.e. history of transportation in thearea).Existing activities, events, locations need to be promoted.

Opportunities:Reintroduce the streetcar along Kingston Road.Danforth Road is an important heritage route.Highlight the historic homes in the area and the history of thesubdivision plans.Look at introducing water taxis to move people between downtownand the Bluffs.Need to generate tourism traffic to Guild Inn and neighboringheritage sites.

Group 3: Highland Creek Trail

Need to extend/connect/promoteR.C. Harris Filtration Plant

Create Programming opportunities such as the Jazz Festival.Threats include parking and a large draw.

BirchmountSwimming pool.Skating rink.Birchcliff arts mile revitalization opportunity (how to link and promote).

Harrison Estate Park (Scarborough Arts Council site)Strike balance between reuse of existing building and sensitivity to the raw nature of the Bluffs.Animate parkland through programming and arts uses.

Bluffers ParkAccessible by foot.Traffic problems on Brimley to the waterfront (don’t aggravate).Perhaps consider a water solution with linkages to other parts of the waterfront.Butterfly route at Bluffers Park.

Guild InnIsolated could be viewed as both a weakness and a strength.Natural setting is a strength.A continuation of Highland Creek Trail.

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CREDITSFIG. 13 “WATERFOWL, LAKE ONTARIO”PAGE 34 “CANOE, 2014”PAGE 35 “BREAKWATER, 2014”PAGE 43 “WATER, 2014”

BLACKHOLE: CONSERVATION ENVIRONMENT ECOSYSTEMSFIG. 11, 14FIG. 12, 15 ENLARGEMENTS FROM EARLY FRENCH MAP “NOVAE FRANCIAE ACCURATA DELINEATIO”, 1657

CITY OF TORONTO ARCHIVESPAGE 16 “BOARDWALK AT THE SCARBORO’ BEACH AMUSEMENT PARK, C. 1910”, FONDS 1244, ITEM 161PAGE 20 “SHOOTING THE CHUTES AT SCARBORO’ BEACH AMUSEMENT PARK, C. 1907”, FONDS 1244, ITEM 162 PAGE 22 “CYCLING ON LAKE SHORE ROAD AT MIMICO CREEK, C. 1907”, FONDS 1244, ITEM 206 PAGE 31 "ROWBOAT", PHOTO: WILLIAM JAMES, 1910 FONDS 1244, ITEM 3566PAGE 36 "BOYS IN THE HUMBER RIVER AT LAMBTON BRIDGE, C. 1911”, SC 2448163 FIG. 6 COLBORNE LODGE, FONDS 1231, ITEM 0087

FIG. 16 ISLAND HOUSING, FONDS 1244, ITEM 6008FIG. 20 “ABOARD THE FREE BATHING FERRY ‘ELSIE’, AUGUST 1, 1917” SC 548-3-14348

ERA ARCHITECTS INC.FRONT COVER,PAGES 5, 10, 15, 19, 25, 29, 33FIGS. 2, 19 BY PHILIP EVANS

CULTURE DIVISION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, CULTURE AND TOURISM DEPARTMENTPAGES 26, 42 COURTESY OF WAYNE REEVESPAGE 33 ASSISTANCE BY JACK BROWNFIGS. 17, 25 COURTESY OF WAYNE REEVES

HANS BOLDT & SYLVANA GRISONICH-BOLDTPAGE iFIGS. 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 18, 21, 22, 24

NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF CANADAPAGE 6 “BOYS EXPLORING THE WATER’S EDGE AT SUNNYSIDE, 1928” PA 088011

MARY CAMPBELL AND BABARA MYRVOLD, THE BEACH IN PICTURES, 1793-1932 (TORONTO: TORONTO PUBLIC LIBRARY)PAGE 30 “BALMY BEACH CLUB C. 1905”

ROBERT R. BONIS, A HISTORY OF SCARBOROUGH, (SCARBOROUGH PUBLIC LIBRARY, 1968)PAGE 12 “LOOKING NORTH FROM SCARBOROUGH BLUFFS, CLIFFSIDE AREA, TOWARDS KINGSTON ROAD, 1962”

TORONTO PORT AUTHORITYFIG. 23 “SUNNYSIDE BATHING PAVILION, 1922”, PC 1/2/58

TORONTO PUBLIC LIBRARYFIG. 8 “GRENADIER POND IN HIGH PARK C. 1910”, PC 2771

URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENTPAGE 8 COURTESY OF TED TYNDORFPAGES 4, 13, 17, 23, 27 COURTESY OF GARY WRIGHT