Upload
jaquelin-poore
View
232
Download
3
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
HISTORYHISTORYUS Stalking Legislation 1990Case Study: Stalking and murder of actor
Rebecca Schaeffer
Australian Stalking Legislation 1993Case Study: R v Case
SOUTH AUSTRALIASOUTH AUSTRALIA
Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935Division 5 StalkingSection 19AA Unlawful Stalking
AUSTRALIAN CAPITALAUSTRALIAN CAPITALTERRITORYTERRITORY
Crimes Act 1900 (Australia Capital Territory)Section 35 Stalking
WESTERN AUSTRALIAWESTERN AUSTRALIA
Criminal Code Act Compilation Act 1913Chapter XXXIIIB —StalkingSection 338D.
PERPETRATOR PERPETRATOR BEHAVIOURBEHAVIOUR
Communications are usually via:Telephone (including answering machine, messages and SMS text messages), letter, notes or graffiti, faxes or email, "gifts" or other unwanted material.
Unwanted contacts are usually by means of:Direct approaches to the victim, following, loitering outside the victim's home, workplace, or other places the victim frequents, and maintaining surveillance or spying.
Other behaviours may be associated with stalking, such as:Interfering with or damaging the victim's property, ordering or cancelling goods and services on the victim's behalf (e.g., cancelling phone or gas accounts, ordering pizzas or taxis), spreading malicious gossip, initiating false legal actions against the victim, contacting family or friends and threats to harm loved ones (particularly the case if the victim moves home)
DISTINGUISH FROM?DISTINGUISH FROM?
Attempting to develop a relationship??? Trying to re-establish a broken
relationship????Retaliation against the termination of a
relationship?Walking the same route???Being in the same place at the same time
– Coincidence or Not???
HELPING VICTIMSHELPING VICTIMS
Evidence GatheringInforming the other party
‘I ______ advise you _______ that your privilege to contact me by ANY means is revoked. ANY breach of this request will be regarded as harassment and/or intimidation and I will seek legal action against you.’
EVIDENCE GATHERINGEVIDENCE GATHERING
Keeping a diaryDisposable CameraInform trusted others‘OOO’Close circuit surveillance camera’sVideo Camera’s
APPREHENDED VIOLENCE APPREHENDED VIOLENCE ORDERSORDERS
MANDATORY ORDERS1a. The defendant must not assault, molest,
harass, threaten or otherwise interfere with the PINOP or any other person whom the PINOP has a domestic relationship.
1b. The defendant must not engage in conduct that intimidates the PINOP or any other person whom the PINOP has a domestic relationship
1c. The defendant must not stalk the PINOP or any other person whom the PINOP has a domestic relationship
NSW RECORDED CRIME NSW RECORDED CRIME STATISTICSSTATISTICS
March Quarter 2008March Quarter 2008Harassment, threatening behaviour and
private nuisance2007, 2008
Other offences against the person 2007, 2008
QUEENSLAND POLICEQUEENSLAND POLICEREPORTED OFFENCESREPORTED OFFENCES
Number of reported stalking cases:2006/20072007/2008
Cleared offences in Queensland2006/20072007/2008
VICTORIAN POLICEVICTORIAN POLICESTALKING STATISTICSSTALKING STATISTICS
Stalking another person2006/2007
Stalking another person2007/2008
Clearance rates of reported stalking cases