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Defining Self– Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

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Page 1: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

DefiningSelf–

ConfidenceSelf-confidence:

Self-efficacy:

Page 2: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Trait self-confidence: The degree of certainty individuals “usually” possess about their ability to succeed.

State self-confidence:

DefiningSelf–

Confidence

Page 3: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Defining Self–Confidence

Self–fulfilling prophecy

Negative self–fulfilling prophecy

Page 4: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Bandura’s Self–Efficacy Theory

Self-efficacy provides a model to study the effects of self-confidence on sport performance, persistence, and behavior.

Self-efficacy is important when one has the requisite skills and sufficient motivation.

(continued)

Page 5: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Bandura’s Self–Efficacy Theory

Self-efficacy affects an athlete’s choice of activities, level of effort, and persistence.

Although self-efficacy is task-specific, it generalizes to other similar skills and situations.

High self-efficacy people set more challenging goals.

Page 6: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Self–Efficacy Sources

Page 7: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Benefits of Self–Confidence

Arouses positive emotions

Facilitates concentrationAffects the setting and pursuit of challenging goals

Increases effortAffects game strategies (play to win versus play to lose)

Affects psychological momentum

Page 8: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Levels of ConfidenceOptimal confidence

Lack of confidence

Overconfidence

Page 9: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Optimal Confidence, Under–confidence, and Overconfidence

The inverted-U illustrating the confidence-performance

relationship

Page 10: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

How Expectations Influence Performance

Self-expectations, “life-scripts” and performance

Coach expectationsand performance

Page 11: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Building Self–ConfidenceEnsure performance accomplishments.

Successful behavior increases confidence and leads to further successful behavior.

Include good technical, and tactical instruction.

Use game-pressure simulations.

Act confidently.Instructors-coaches should display confidence.

Teach athletes to display confidence.

Page 12: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Building Self–ConfidenceUse imagery.

Imagine yourself as confident and successful.

Train for superior physical conditioning.

Fatigue erodes confidence & performance

Prepare Develop performance plans and routines; plans give you confidence because _______________________________________

Page 13: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Building Self–Confidence

Above all else…Think confidently.Focus on instruction and motivating thoughts.

Avoid judgmental thoughts.

Page 14: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Self–Talk: --any self-statement or thought.

Appropriate self-talk helps one focus on the present and keeps one’s mind from wandering.

Cognitive Models

Basis for Cognitive Model

Watch Your Language

Page 15: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

COGNITIVE EMOTIVE INSIGHTSBasis for Cog Model

"People are not upset by things but by their idea of things." Epictetus

"Our life is what our thoughts make it." Marcus Aurelius

"There is nothing good or bad but thinking makes it so." Shakespeare

"The mind is its own place and in itself can make a heaven of hell, or hell of heaven." Milton

"The ancestor of every action is a thought - a man is what he thinks about all day long." Emerson

Page 16: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

COGNITIVE EMOTIVE INSIGHTS

“Man is the inventor of his own happiness.” Thoreau

"Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be." Lincoln

"You are not what you think you are, but what you think, you are." Norman Vincent Peale

"My life has been filled with terrible misfortunes, most of which never happened." Mark Twain

“A person’s behavior springs from his/her ideas.” Alfred Adler

Page 17: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

How Self–Talk Works

Missing an important shot in

a tennis match

Event

“Keep your eye on the ball— this match isn’t over”

Self–talk

Better concentration, optimism, calmness

Emotional & Behavioral Responses

Page 18: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Self–Talk

Self-talk and performance enhancement

Positive self-talk improves performance.

Techniques for improving self-talk

Thought stopping: identify negative thought, stop the thought, focus on task-relevant thought.

Changing NegaTalk to Posatalk

Page 19: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy:

Changing Negative Self–Talk to Positive Self–Talk

Negative Positive

“He robbed me on the line call—that ball was in.”

“There’s nothing I can do about it now. If I play well and focus, I’ll win anyway.”

Page 20: Defining Self–Confidence Self-confidence: Self-efficacy: