Declaration of Principles (1).ppt

7/21/2019 Declaration of Principles (1).ppt

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Art. II. Declaration of Principles and State Policies

Self-Executing and Non-Self-Executing provisions: As against

constitutions of the past, odern constitutions have !een generall"

drafted upon a different principle and have often !ecoe in effect

extensive code of la#s intended to operate directl" upon the people

in a anner siilar to that of statutor" enactents$ %ence unless

it is expressl" provided that a legislative act is necessar" to enforce

a constitutional andate, the presuption no# is that all provisionsof the constitution are self executing.& 'anila %otel v. (SIS, )**+


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Art. II, Sec. ), para. . xxx In the grant of

rights, privileges and concessions

covering national econo" and patrion",the state shall give preference to /ualified

0ilipinos.


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). Provisions of the 1ill of 2ights are self-

executing

. 3he Declarations of Principles andState Policies are not self-executing.


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Principles 4Secs. )-56

Sec. ). 3he Philippines is a deocratic andrepu!lican state. Sovereignt" resides in

the people and all governent authorit"

eanates fro the.

De 7ure and De 0acto (overnent

8onstituent and 'inistrant 0unctions

Parens Patria


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)) 1ar, No. *). A governent that actuall"

exercises po#er and control as opposed to the

true and la#ful governent is in ters oflegitiac"

A. a governent of force.

1. an interi governent. 8. a de facto governent.

D. an illegitiate governent.


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Sec. . 3he Philippines renounces #ar as an instruent ofnational polic", adopts the generall" accepted principlesof international la# as part of the la# of the land andadheres to the polic" of peace, e/ualit", 9ustice,

freedo, cooperation and ait" #ith all nations.

utline:

). 2enunciation of #ar

. Adoption of international la#

;. Adherence to polic" of peace and ait"


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Pharaceutical v. Du/ue III, !" ere constitutional declaration,international la# is deeed to have the force ofdoestic la#.

. 1" transforation - pursuant to Article ?II, Section )

of the 8onstitution #hich provides that @no treat" orinternational agreeent shall !e valid and effectiveunless concurred in !" at least t#o-thirds of all thee!ers of the Senate.&


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Incorporation 8lause:

Exaples of generall" accepted principles: ). 'e9off v. Director @prolonged detention

. 'arcos v. 'anglapus @right to return ;. Buroda v. 7alandoni @set up ilitar" tri!unals C. 2e"es v. 1agatsing @protection of diploatic

preises


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1ar /uestions:

No. ), )**+: hat do "ou understand !"

the Doctrine of Incorporation in

8onstitutional a#=


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No. ), : 3he Philippines has !ecoe ae!er of the 3 and resultantl" agreed thatit shall ensure the conforit" of its la#s,regulations and adinistrative procedures #ithits o!ligations as provided in the annexed

Agreeents.& 8onse/uentl", 8ongress couldnot pass legislations that #ill !e good for our

national interest and general #elfare if suchlegislation #ill not confor #ith the 3

Agreeents. 3he provision of the treat" is:


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a. Fnconstitutional, it liits the plenar" po#er of

8ongress

!. Fnconstitutional, !ecause it liits thesovereignt" of the Philippines

c. 8onstitutional, !ecause the Philippines ust

a!ide !" international agreeents in good faith

d. 8onstitutional, !ecause treaties are superior to

the 8onstitution


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C, No. ).- In case there is a conflict

!et#een a provision of the treat" and a

provision of the 8onstitution, in a9urisdiction and legal s"ste liGe ours,

#hich should prevail: the provision of the

treat" or of the 8onstitution= h"=


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No. )5, ;: An organiHation of la# studentssponsored an inter-school de!ate aong threeteas #ith the follo#ing assignent and

propositions for each tea to defend. If "ou #eregiven a chance to choose the correctproposition, #hich #ould "ou taGe and #h"=

A: International la# prevails over unicipal la#.

1. 'unicipal la# prevails over international la#8. A countr"s 8onstitution prevails overinternational la# !ut international la# prevailsover unicipal statutes.


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J, ) 4!6 K Fnder international la#, differentiate hardla#& fro soft la#.&

Soft la#& are non-!inding nors, principles and

practices that influence state !ehavior. Soft la#&does not fall into an" of the categories of internationalla# set forth in Article ;J, 8hapter III of the )*C5 Statuteof the International 8ourt of 7ustice. It is, ho#ever, anexpression of non-!inding nors, principles, and

practices that influence state !ehavior. 8ertaindeclarations and resolutions of the FN (eneral

Asse!l" fall under this categor". @Du/ue, supra.


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hich is considered a soft-la#=&

a. Fniversal Declaration of %uan 2ights

!. (eneva 8onventions of )*C)

c. Statute of 2oe

d. Fnited Nations 8harter


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Sec. ;. 8ivilian authorit" is, at all ties,

supree over the ilitar". 3he Ared

0orces of the Philippines is the protectorof the people and the state. Its goal is to

secure the sovereignt" of the state and

the integrit" of the national territor".


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i v. Laora : deplo"ent of arines

;, No. ): Art. II, Sec. ; of the )*J+ 8onstitution

expresses, in part, that the Ared 0orces of the

Philippines is the protector of the people of and the

State.& Descri!e !riefl" #hat this provision eans. Is

the Philippine National Police covered !" the sae

andate=

5, No. 5 M hat constitutional provisionsinstitutionaliHe the principle of civilian supreac"=


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a. egislative po#er shall !e vested in the8ongress of the Philippines

!. 3he President shall !e coander in chief ofthe ared forces

c. 3he right of the people to !e secure in theirpersons, houses papers and effects againstunreasona!le searches and seiHures shall !e

inviola!led. Executive po#er shall !e vested in the

President of the Philippines


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Sec. C: 3he prie dut" of the governent is

to serve and protect the people. 3he

governent a" call upon the people todefend the state and, in the fulfillent

thereof, all citiHens a" !e re/uired,

under conditions provided !" la#, torender personal ilitar" or civil service.


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*, No. ): TRUE or FALSE.Ans#er

32FE if the stateent is true, or 0ASE

if the stateent is false. Explain "ourans#er in not ore than t#o 46

sentences. 4


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)*+; 8onstitution: 3he defense of the

State is a prie dut" of the (overnent

and the people$&

'ilitar" service v. 0reedo of religion


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Sec. Non-esta!lishentOfreeexercise clause

. Art. I, 8, 4


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State Policies 4Sec. +-J6

Sec. +. 3he State shall pursue an

independent foreign polic". In its relations

#ith other states the paraountconsideration shall !e national

sovereignt", territorial integrit", national

interest. And the right to selfdeterination. @Independent 0oreign

Polic"


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hich provision of the Declaration of Principlesand State policies have !een declared !" theSupree 8ourt to !e self-executing=

a. Sec. *, prootion of a d"naic social order

!. Sec. ), prootion of social 9ustice

c. Sec. )5, right to a !alance and healthful

ecolog"d. Sec. +, e/ual access to opportunities to

pu!lic service


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Sec. J. 3he Philippines, consistent #ith national interest,adopts and pursues a polic" of freedo fro nuclear#eapons in its territor". @0reedo fro Nucleareapons

Sec. *. 3he State shall proote a 9ust and d"naic socialorder that #ill ensure the prosperit" and independence ofthe nation and free the people fro povert" throughpolicies that provide ade/uate social services, prootefull eplo"ent, a rising standard of living, and an

iproved /ualit" of life for all. @7ust and D"naic Socialrder

3ondo 'edical 8enter v. 8A,


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Sec. ). 3he State shall proote social

9ustice in all phases of national

developent.

10A2 v. 8A,

0ood 1asGet Allo#ance


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8alalang v. illias:

Social 9ustice : is the haroniHation of la#s and

the e/ualiHation of social and econoic forces!" the state so that 9ustice in its rational ando!9ectivel" secular conception a" at least !eapproxiated. Social 9ustice eans theprootion of the #elfare of all people, theadoption !" the governent of easurescalculated to ensure econoic sta!ilit" of all thecoponent eleents of societ"$


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)**


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Sec. )). 3he State values the dignit" of ever"

huan person and guarantees full respect for

huan rights. @2espect for %uan 2ightsSec. ). 3he State recogniHes the sanctit" of

fail" life and shall protect and strengthen the

fail" as a !asic autonoous social institution.

It shall e/uall" protect the life of the other andthe life of the un!orn fro conception. 3he


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$natural and priar" right and dut" of parents inthe rearing of the "outh for civic efficienc" andthe developent of oral character shall receive

the support of the (overnent. @Sanctit" of the0ail"

Sec. );. 3he State recogniHes the vital role of the"outh in nation-!uilding and shall proote and

protect their ph"sical, oral, spiritual, intellectualand social #ell !eing. It shall inculcate in the"outh patriotis


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And encourage their involveent in pu!lic

and civic affairs. @2ole of the outh

Bilos!a"an, Inc. v. 'orato, C5 S82A


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Sec. )C. 3he State recogniHes the role of #oen

in nation-!uilding, and shall ensure the

fundaental e/ualit" !efore the la# of #oenand en. @E/ualit" of 'en and oen

Sec. )


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Sec. )5. 3he State shall protect and

advance the right of the people to a

!alanced and healthful ecolog" in accord#ith the rh"th and haron" of nature.

Exception to non-self executing provisions&

rule: posa v. 0actoran 4)**;6 >8ancellation of 3As -


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Sec. )+. 3he State shall give priorit" to education,science, and technolog", arts, culture and sportsto foster patriotis and nationalis, accelerate

social progress, and proote total huanli!eration and developent. @Priorit" ofEducation

Sec. )J. 3he State affirs la!or as a priar"social econoic force. It shall protect the rightsof #orGers and proote their #ell-!eing.@Prootion of the 2ights of orGers


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Sec. )*. 3he State shall develop a self-

reliant and independent national econo"

effectivel" controlled !" 0ilipinos.@Independent Econo"

3anada v. Angara, + S82A )J 4)**+6


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Sec. . 3he State recogniHes the

indispensa!le role of the private sector,

encourages private enterprise, andprovides incentives to needed

investents. @2ole of Private Enterprise

Sec. ). 3he State shall prootecoprehensive rural developent and

agrarian refor.


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Sec. . 3he State recogniHes and

prootes the rights of indigenous cultural

counities #ithin the frae#orG ofnational unit" and developent. @2ights

of Indigenous 8ultural 8ounities


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Sec. ;. 3he State shall encourage non-

governental, counit" !ased or

sectoral organiHations that proote the#elfare of the nation. @2ole of N(s

Bilos!a"an v. 'orato,


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A contract of lease #as entered !et#een the Philippine8harit" S#eepstaGes ffice and the Philippine (aing'anageent 8orp. #here!" P('8 leased on-line

lotter" e/uipent to P8S. 3he rentals #ould !e paidfro the proceeds of the lotter". Bilos!a"an, anorganiHation of civic-spirited citiHens, challenges the ne#contract on the ground that it is su!stantiall" the saeas the old one, that it violates the P8S 8harter and it

#as executed #ithout pu!lic !idding. Does Bilos!a"anhave standing=


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a. No, !ecause Bilos!a"an is not a real part" ininterest, not !eing a part" to the contract

!. es, !ecause under the Declaration of

Principles the state recogniHes the role ofN(s

c. es, !ecause Bilos!a"an is coposed oftaxpa"ers and the contract involved

dis!urseent of governent fundsd. es, !ecause the /uestion is one of

transcendental iportance


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Sec. C. 3he State recogniHes the vital role

of counication and inforation in

nation-!uilding. @2ole of 8ounicationSec.


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Sec. 5. 3he State shall guarantee e/ualaccess to opportunities for pu!lic service,

and prohi!it political d"nasties as a" !edefined !" la#. @E/ual Access to Pu!licService

Paatong v. 8'EE8, C+ S82A *54


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Sec. +. 3he State shall aintain honest"

and integrit" in pu!lic service and taGe

positive and effective easures againstgraft and corruption. @%onest" in Pu!lic

Service


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Sec. J. Su!9ect to reasona!le conditions

prescri!ed !" la#, the State adopts and

ipleents a polic" of full pu!licdisclosure of all its transactions involving

pu!lic interest. @Polic" of Pu!lic

Disclosure


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)**C, No. ):

hat is the state polic" on

4a6 @orGing #oen 4I, Sec. )C

4!6 Ecolog"

M s"!ol of statehood 4?I, Sec. )6

4d6 cultural counities

4e6 Science and technolog"


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, *:

4a6 Is people po#er recogniHed in the )*J+8onstitution=

4!6 hat are the constitutional provisions on#oen=

)*J*, No. ;O No.

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Declaration of Principles (1).ppt