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NS100
Fundamentals of
Naval Science
Deck Equipment and
Marlinespike Seamanship
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Mooring Lines
Mooring lines are the lines used to secure theship to a wharf, pier or another ship.
Definition of lines:
Breast lines- Run at right angles from the ship,control distance of ship from pierAft spring lines- Tend aft from ship, control
forward movement.
Forward spring lines- Tend forward from theship, control aft movement
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Mooring Lines
1 3 4 5 62
Numbering of lines:#1 - Bow line #6 - Stern line
#2 - Aft bow spring line
#3 - Forward bow spring line#4 - Aft quarter spring line
#5 - Forward quarter spring line
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Mooring Lines
DO NOT MIX MOORING LINE
Never mix lines of differentconstructions or material . Eachtype of rope exhibits different
elongation characteristics andmixing will result in an unequalload sharing
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CLEAT
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BOLLARD
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BOLLARD
Bitts
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Ground Tackle and other MooringEquipment
Chock
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Ground Tackle andother Mooring Equipment
Capstan
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Rat guards
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DIP THE EYE
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Ground Tackle and
other Mooring Equipment
Chafing gear Fenders
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Ground Tackle andother Mooring Equipment
Padeye
Lifelines- Lines erected around the edgesof decks, referred to as follows:
Top-LifelineMiddle - Housing lineBottom - Foot ropeSnaking - Netting rigged between foot rope
and deck.
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Ground Tackle andother Mooring Equipment
Boatswains chair
Leadline
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Ground Tackle and other MooringEquipment
Pilots ladder
Accommodation ladder
Sea ladder
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Marlinespike Seamanship
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Rope and Line(classification and construction)
Fiber rope- Commonly called line, it isfashioned from natural or synthetic fibers- Measured by circumference
- Types of construction:
- Twisted- Braided
- Plaited
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Rope and Line(classification and construction, contd)
Types of fiber rope:Natural: Synthetic:
-manila - nylon - Kevlar
-cotton - polyester
-hemp - polypropylene
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Natural vs Synthetic(contd)
Important differences :Synthetic fiber lines slip more easily.
Synthetic line has higher breakingstrength.
Synthetic line has poor knot-holdingcharacteristics.
Synthetic lines stretch under load.
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Rope and Line(classification and construction, contd)
Wire rope- basic unit of construction is the
metal wire.
-Measured by diameter.
- Construction: individual wires are laid
together to form strands, and strands are laid
together to form the wire rope.
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Rope and Line(classification and construction, contd)
Wire rope (contd)
- Designated by
- number of strands per rope, and
- number of wires per strand.
- example: 6 x 19
6strands per rope
19wires per strand
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Rope and Line(classification and construction, contd)
Wire Rope (contd) -
- large number of small wires
produces high flexibility but low abrasion
resistance.
- a small number of large wires
would stiffer, but more resistant to
abrasion.
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Rope and Line(classification and construction, contd)
Combination -
- measured by diameter
- six main strands of fiber and wirerope interwoven, laid around a fiber core.
- used as mooring lines for extra
strength
- fiber rope adds great flexibility andelasticity
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Small Stuff
Circumference less than 1 3/4 inches.IDd by the number of yarns (threads) ratherthan its size.Marline- Two-strand, tarred hemp, used for
serving a line. (Serving a line means to wrapit with marline to protect it from weather or tomake it look neater. Most commonly used onnatural fiber lines)
Houseline- Three-strand, left laid tarred hempfor light seizing, light rigging, and work exposedto weather.
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MONKEY LINES
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Small Stuff (contd)
Seizing stuff- Very small, used for fancierjobs that marline can accomplish.
Ratline stuff- Dark brown and coarse, it isprimarily used for snaking
Tattletale
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Marlinespike Seamanship Terms
Hawser- Heavy line over five inches incircumference. Used for towing ormooring.
Bight- A loop of line or chain.Bitter End- Free end of a length of line,wire chain or cable.
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Marlinespike Seamanship
Terms (contd)Fid
Coil
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Marlinespike Seamanship Terms(contd)
Flemish
Fake down
Heaving line
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Marlinespike Seamanship Terms (contd)
Monkey fist
Rat-tailed Stopper- Line designed to take thestrain of a working line while shifting theline about bitts or cleats.
Mousing
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Marlinespike Seamanship Terms (contd)
Shot line - Light nylon line used in a
line throwing gun
Bolo- Nylon line with a lead weight in canvas
or leather, thrown from ship to ship orfrom a ship to a pier.
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